JP2007268402A - Sterilization method - Google Patents
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- JP2007268402A JP2007268402A JP2006096751A JP2006096751A JP2007268402A JP 2007268402 A JP2007268402 A JP 2007268402A JP 2006096751 A JP2006096751 A JP 2006096751A JP 2006096751 A JP2006096751 A JP 2006096751A JP 2007268402 A JP2007268402 A JP 2007268402A
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- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- -1 silver ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000002458 infectious effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 241000589248 Legionella Species 0.000 description 13
- 208000007764 Legionnaires' Disease Diseases 0.000 description 11
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical compound [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000004023 Legionellosis Diseases 0.000 description 4
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005375 photometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000224489 Amoeba Species 0.000 description 1
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000937819 Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010035664 Pneumonia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010054161 Pontiac fever Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002353 algacidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010946 fine silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000026425 severe pneumonia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000030218 transient fever Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、水利用施設の感染性微生物の殺菌方法に関する。すなわち、給水・給湯設備、冷却塔、冷却水系、加湿器、水景施設、蓄熱槽、循環式浴槽などの水利用施設における、レジオネラ属菌をはじめとした感染性微生物の殺菌方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for sterilizing infectious microorganisms in water use facilities. That is, the present invention relates to a method for sterilizing infectious microorganisms such as Legionella spp. In water use facilities such as water / hot water supply facilities, cooling towers, cooling water systems, humidifiers, waterscape facilities, heat storage tanks, and circulation baths.
レジオネラ属菌は、重症の肺炎（レジオネラ肺炎）や一過性の発熱であるポンティアック熱を起こす微生物である。自然界では土壌や淡水に生息するが菌数は少ないと考えられている。しかし人工環境水ではレジオネラ菌の増殖に適した水温などの環境により容易に増殖し、冷却塔などの給湯・空調設備を介し、エアロゾル化したレジオネラ菌を吸引することによる病院・施設内における肺炎の集団感染が報告されるなど社会問題ともなり、厚生労働省は２００３年７月２５日、「レジオネラ症を予防するために必要な措置に関する技術上の指針」を策定している。レジオネラ属菌は一般に、３６℃程度がもっとも成長に適した温度とされており、７０℃では直ぐに死滅する。藻類やアメーバと共生関係にあり、生物膜がレジオネラ属菌の増殖の温床とされる。生物膜とは、壁面に付着した微生物が増殖するとともに、粘液性物質を体外に産出し、これらが混在、結合して形成されたものである。 Legionella is a microorganism that causes severe pneumonia (Legionella pneumonia) and Pontiac fever, which is a transient fever. In nature, it lives in soil and fresh water, but the number of bacteria is thought to be small. However, artificial environment water easily grows in an environment such as water temperature suitable for the growth of Legionella bacteria, and it causes pneumonia in hospitals and facilities by sucking aerosolized Legionella bacteria through hot water supply and air conditioning equipment such as cooling towers. The Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, on July 25, 2003, has formulated “Technical Guidelines on Actions Necessary for Preventing Legionellosis” due to social problems such as reports of mass infections. In general, Legionella is considered to be the most suitable temperature for growth at about 36 ° C., and it immediately dies at 70 ° C. It is in a symbiotic relationship with algae and amoeba, and the biofilm is used as a hotbed for the growth of Legionella spp. A biofilm is formed by the growth of microorganisms adhering to the wall and the production of mucous substances outside the body, which are mixed and combined.
給湯・空調設備におけるレジオネラ菌の増殖に対する防止策としては、外部から機器などにレジオネラ属菌による汚染がされないようにする、できるだけ水温を２０℃以下にする、機器・配管内にスケール、スラッジ、藻などが発生しないようにする、死水域がでないようにする、エアロゾルを発生する器具の使用を避ける、などが挙げられるが、より確実な防止策としてレジオネラ属菌が生息すると考えられる水域の殺菌がある。殺菌方法として、厚生労働省の「新版レジオネラ症防止指針」では、塩素消毒、高温殺菌、紫外線殺菌、オゾン殺菌、銀イオン殺菌が挙げられている。 Prevention measures against Legionella bacteria growth in hot water supply / air-conditioning equipment: Prevent external contamination of Legionella bacteria, keep the water temperature below 20 ° C as much as possible, scale, sludge, algae in equipment / piping Such as avoiding the generation of dead water areas, avoiding the use of aerosol-generating equipment, but as a more reliable preventive measure, sterilization of water areas where Legionella spp. is there. As sterilization methods, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare's “New Edition of Legionellosis Prevention Guidelines” includes chlorine disinfection, high-temperature sterilization, ultraviolet sterilization, ozone sterilization, and silver ion sterilization.
塩素消毒は遊離残留塩素が２〜６ｍｇ／ｌになるように注入するもので、手法が確立されており、末端の水栓で容易に濃度を検出することができるという長所があるが、機器・配管の腐食が促進される、トリハロメタンの発生の可能性がある、塩素臭が残るなどの問題がある。 Chlorine disinfection is performed by injecting so that free residual chlorine is 2 to 6 mg / l. The method has been established and has the advantage that the concentration can be easily detected with a water tap at the end. There are problems such as accelerated corrosion of piping, possible generation of trihalomethane, and residual chlorine odor.
高温殺菌は７０℃以上に加熱するもので確実性が高いが、耐熱性のある系統にかぎられ、多量の熱水を準備する必要があるなどの問題がある。 High temperature sterilization is heated to 70 ° C. or higher and has high reliability, but it is limited to heat-resistant systems, and there is a problem that it is necessary to prepare a large amount of hot water.
紫外線照射は４０℃以下の水流に適用し、設置が容易である長所があるが、給湯に利用できない、局所的な消毒であり残留効果はない、照射管にスケールなどが付着し照射効率が低下する場合がある、照射管の破損やゴムスリーブの緩みによって漏水が生じる場合があるなどの問題がある。 UV irradiation is applied to water flow of 40 ° C or less, and has the advantage of being easy to install, but cannot be used for hot water supply, it is a local disinfection and has no residual effect, scale is attached to the irradiation tube, and irradiation efficiency decreases There is a problem that water leakage may occur due to breakage of the irradiation tube or loosening of the rubber sleeve.
オゾン殺菌は、１〜２ｍｇ／ｌのオゾンを注入するもので、瞬間的に細菌やウイルスを不活性化するものであるが、費用が高い、局所的な消毒であり残留効果がない、機器配管の腐食が促進される、スペースが必要である、オゾンは有毒ガスである、副生成物としての有害物を除去するための設備等が必要であるなどの問題がある。 Ozone sterilization injects 1-2 mg / l of ozone and inactivates bacteria and viruses instantaneously, but is expensive, local disinfection and has no residual effects, equipment piping Corrosion is promoted, space is required, ozone is a toxic gas, and equipment for removing harmful substances as by-products is required.
銀イオン殺菌は、水流中に銀電極を設置し、荷電により銀イオンを発生させるもので、銀イオンの濃度は軟水の場合には３０〜５０μｇ、硬水の場合には４０μｇにするとしている。電気分解式のイオン殺菌は残留効果があり、設置が容易などの長所があるが、硬水の場合には、電極にスケールがつき、効果が低減する。また、銀電極は効果で高コストという問題もある。銅イオンに関してはレジオネラ属菌の殺菌効果は低く、一般には露点風呂の殺藻を目的として使われている（非特許文献２）。
したがって、本発明が解決しようとする主たる課題は、高い殺菌効果が発揮させ、特に極めて低い残留塩素濃度でも高い殺菌効果が発現させることにある。 Therefore, the main problem to be solved by the present invention is to exhibit a high bactericidal effect, and to develop a high bactericidal effect even at a very low residual chlorine concentration.
この課題を解決した本発明は、次のとおりである。
〔請求項１記載の発明〕
水利用施設の感染性微生物の殺菌において、銀イオンと銅イオン、銀イオンと残留塩素、銅イオンと残留塩素、あるいは銀イオンと銅イオンと残留塩素を共存させることを特徴とする殺菌方法。
The present invention that has solved this problem is as follows.
[Invention of Claim 1]
A sterilization method characterized by coexisting silver ions and copper ions, silver ions and residual chlorine, copper ions and residual chlorine, or silver ions, copper ions and residual chlorine in sterilizing infectious microorganisms in water utilization facilities.
（作用効果）
従来の殺菌方法は、単独のものであるが、本発明では、特定の殺菌方法を複合している。その結果、後述の実施例にて明らかにするように、高い殺菌効果が得られ、特に極めて低い残留塩素濃度でも高い殺菌効果が発現するものとなる。
残留塩素のみでは、高濃度の２〜６ｍｇ／ｌという激しい塩素臭がする濃度で使用する必要があるが、銀イオンと塩素、または銅イオンと塩素を共存させることで極めて低い残留塩素濃度で高い殺菌効果が発現できることを発見した。
(Function and effect)
Conventional sterilization methods are independent, but in the present invention, specific sterilization methods are combined. As a result, a high bactericidal effect is obtained, as will be clarified in the examples described later, and a high bactericidal effect is exhibited even at a particularly low residual chlorine concentration.
With residual chlorine alone, it is necessary to use a high concentration of 2 to 6 mg / l with a strong chlorine odor, but it is extremely high with a low residual chlorine concentration by coexisting silver ions and chlorine, or copper ions and chlorine. It was discovered that a bactericidal effect can be expressed.
〔請求項２記載の発明〕
残留塩素濃度が０．１ｍｇ／ｌ〜１ｍｇ／ｌである請求項１記載の殺菌方法。
[Invention of Claim 2]
The sterilization method according to claim 1, wherein the residual chlorine concentration is 0.1 mg / l to 1 mg / l.
（作用効果）
残留塩素のみでは、高濃度の２〜６ｍｇ／ｌという激しい塩素臭がする濃度で使用する必要があるが、銀イオンと塩素、または銅イオンと塩素を共存させることで極めて低い残留塩素濃度で高い殺菌効果が発現できることを発見した。現在、我が国の水道水は水道法により、塩素または結合塩素で消毒を行ない、給水栓水での残留塩素量が遊離塩素の場合は０．１ｍｇ／ｌ以上（結合塩素の場合は０．４ｍｇ／ｌ以上）、ただし、病原菌による汚染の疑いがあるときや水系感染症流行時は、遊離塩素２〜６ｍｇ／ｌ以上と定められている。本発明は水道法で定められた濃度レベルでも十分に効果のあるものである。残留塩素濃度が０．１ｍｇ／ｌ未満では殺菌効果が十分でなく、また、１ｍｇ／ｌを超えると塩素臭によって水利用施設での利用に適しないものとなる。
(Function and effect)
With residual chlorine alone, it is necessary to use a high concentration of 2 to 6 mg / l with a strong chlorine odor, but it is extremely high with a low residual chlorine concentration by coexisting silver ions and chlorine, or copper ions and chlorine. It was discovered that a bactericidal effect can be expressed. At present, tap water in Japan is sterilized with chlorine or combined chlorine according to the Water Supply Law. If the amount of residual chlorine in the tap water is free chlorine, it is 0.1 mg / l or more (0.4 mg / l for combined chlorine). However, when there is a suspicion of contamination by pathogenic bacteria or during the epidemic of water-borne infections, it is determined to be 2-6 mg / l or more of free chlorine. The present invention is sufficiently effective even at a concentration level defined by the Water Supply Law. If the residual chlorine concentration is less than 0.1 mg / l, the bactericidal effect is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 1 mg / l, the chlorine odor makes it unsuitable for use in water utilization facilities.
本発明によれば、高い殺菌効果を発揮し、特に極めて低い残留塩素濃度でも高い殺菌効果が発現させることができる。 According to the present invention, a high bactericidal effect is exhibited, and a high bactericidal effect can be exhibited even at a particularly low residual chlorine concentration.
次に、本発明の実施の形態を説明する。
本発明では、少なくとも銀イオンを使用するのが望ましい。銀イオンは、レジオネラ属菌に対する効果が明確である。銅イオンは、殺藻効果に優れる。
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In the present invention, it is desirable to use at least silver ions. Silver ions have a clear effect on Legionella spp. Copper ions are excellent in the algicidal effect.
銀イオンと銅イオンとを併用すると、レジオネラ菌の増殖の温床となる藻やバイオフィルムの発生を防止しつつ、レジオネラ属菌の進入時には直ちに銀イオンで殺菌することで、高いレジオネラ属菌の増殖作用を実現できる。 When silver ions and copper ions are used in combination, the growth of high Legionella spp. Is prevented by preventing the generation of algae and biofilms that serve as a hotbed for Legionella spp. The action can be realized.
銀イオン及び又はイオンと共に、残留塩素を利用することができる。
残留塩素の制御は、塩素殺菌剤である液体塩素、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム、次亜塩素酸カルシウム（高度さらし粉を含む）などを適宜選択し、薬注装置により対象とする水系統に注入することで目標残留塩素濃度することができる。また、水道水中に含まれる残留塩素も塩素源として利用できる。
Residual chlorine can be utilized with silver ions and / or ions.
Residual chlorine is controlled by appropriately selecting liquid chlorine, sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite (including highly bleached powder), which are chlorine disinfectants, and injecting them into the target water system using a chemical injection device. With the target residual chlorine concentration can be. Residual chlorine contained in tap water can also be used as a chlorine source.
銀イオンの発生には、銀板電極に電流を流し電気分解を行い銀イオンを溶出させる電解法のほか、ゼオライトのもつイオン交換機能を利用して硝酸銀溶液中でイオン交換反応を行なって製造した銀型ゼオライトを用いる方法、水溶性ガラスのＳｉ原子の一部を銀に置換し、ガラスの溶解とともに銀イオンが溶出する銀含有水溶性ガラスを用いる方法、樹脂の表面に銀の微粉末をコーティングして銀イオンを溶出させる金属微粉末を用いる方法などがあり、目標銀イオン濃度となるよう電流値や投入量を制御する。 For the generation of silver ions, in addition to the electrolytic method in which current is passed through a silver plate electrode and electrolysis is performed to elute silver ions, the ion exchange function of zeolite is used to conduct ion exchange reaction in silver nitrate solution. A method using silver-type zeolite, a method using silver-containing water-soluble glass in which some of the Si atoms of water-soluble glass are replaced with silver, and silver ions are eluted as the glass dissolves, and the surface of the resin is coated with fine silver powder Then, there is a method using metal fine powder that elutes silver ions, and the current value and input amount are controlled so as to achieve the target silver ion concentration.
銅イオンの発生には、銅板電極に電流を流し電気分解を行い銅イオンを溶出させる電解法のほか、銅の細線あるいは銅板を目標とする水系に設置するのみでも高い銅イオン濃度とすることが可能である。 For the generation of copper ions, in addition to the electrolysis method in which an electric current is applied to the copper plate electrode and electrolysis is performed to elute the copper ions, it is possible to increase the copper ion concentration simply by installing copper wires or copper plates in the target aqueous system. Is possible.
次に実施例により本発明の効果を明らかにする。
使用菌種はLegionella pneumophila serogroup １ （ＡＴＣＣ ３３１５２株）をＢＣＹＥ−α培地にて３７℃、３日間培養して使用した。銀イオン原水は電気分解法（銀イオン殺菌装置ＩＣＫ−０２ 日本イオン(株)製）にて作成した。銅イオン原水は純水中に銅板を浸漬して作成した。塩素原水は純水に次亜塩素酸ナトリウムを添加して作成した。これら原水を表１に記載した濃度となるよう添加、混合して濃度を調整した。濃度調整時の分析は、銀イオン・銅イオンはＥＰＡ吸光光度法、残留塩素はＤＰＤ吸光光度法を用いた。
Next, effects of the present invention will be clarified by examples.
The bacterial strain used was Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 (ATCC 33152 strain), which was cultured in BCYE-α medium at 37 ° C. for 3 days. Silver ion raw water was prepared by electrolysis (silver ion sterilizer ICK-02 manufactured by Nippon Ion Co., Ltd.). Copper ion raw water was prepared by immersing a copper plate in pure water. Raw chlorine water was prepared by adding sodium hypochlorite to pure water. These raw waters were added and mixed so as to have the concentrations described in Table 1, and the concentrations were adjusted. For analysis at the time of concentration adjustment, silver ion and copper ion were measured by EPA absorption photometry, and residual chlorine was measured by DPD absorption photometry.
実験は、滅菌水にて１×１０8ＣＦＵ／ｍｌ（マクファーランド０．５）となるよう調整した菌液を１０倍希釈し、その菌液２００μｌを銀イオン濃度・銅イオン濃度・残留塩素濃度を所定の値に調整した試料水１８００μｌに加えた（最終濃度は１×１０6ＣＦＵ／ｍｌ）。室温にて１，２，１５，３０，６０分経過後、菌液１００μｌを滅菌水９００μｌで１０倍段階希釈した。その希釈液を各々２０μｌづつＢＹＣＥ−α培地に塗布し、３７℃で３日間静置培養してから、コロニーカウント法を用いて生菌数を計測した。 In the experiment, a bacterial solution adjusted to 1 × 10 8 CFU / ml (McFarland 0.5) with sterilized water was diluted 10 times, and 200 μl of the bacterial solution was diluted with silver ion concentration, copper ion concentration, residual chlorine. The concentration was added to 1800 μl of sample water adjusted to a predetermined value (final concentration: 1 × 10 6 CFU / ml). After 1, 2, 15, 30, 60 minutes at room temperature, 100 μl of the bacterial solution was serially diluted 10-fold with 900 μl of sterilized water. Each 20 μl of the diluted solution was applied to BYCE-α medium, left to stand for 3 days at 37 ° C., and then the number of viable bacteria was counted using a colony count method.
結果を表１、及び図１〜図５に示す。図１の生菌数変化から銀イオン、銅イオン、残留塩素の各単味での殺菌能が分かる。同一濃度において、残留塩素は銅イオンよりも殺菌効果は小さい。銀イオン、銅イオンは高濃度で殺菌能が高く、銀イオンが高い殺菌能があることが分かる。 The results are shown in Table 1 and FIGS. From the change in the number of viable bacteria in FIG. 1, the bactericidal ability of each of silver ions, copper ions, and residual chlorine can be understood. At the same concentration, residual chlorine is less sterilizing than copper ions. It can be seen that silver ions and copper ions have high bactericidal ability at high concentrations, and silver ions have high bactericidal ability.
図２，３には銀イオンと銅イオンを共存させた条件における生菌数変化を示した。共存することで生菌数は単味の値より大きく減少しており各々のイオンの効果の積算値より生菌数は減少しており相乗共存効果が表れている。図４，５には銀イオンに残留塩素を共存させた条件、銅イオンに残留塩素を共存させた条件の生菌数変化を示した。銀イオン＋銅イオンの場合より顕著な相乗共存効果が現れており、各々のイオンの効果の積算値より生菌数は減少しており相乗効果が表れていることがわかる。 2 and 3 show changes in the number of viable bacteria under the condition where silver ions and copper ions coexist. By virtue of the coexistence, the viable cell count is greatly reduced from the simple value, and the viable cell count is reduced from the integrated value of the effect of each ion, thus showing a synergistic coexistence effect. 4 and 5 show changes in the number of viable bacteria under conditions where silver ions coexist with residual chlorine and copper ions coexist with residual chlorine. A remarkable synergistic coexistence effect appears compared to the case of silver ion + copper ion, and it can be seen that the viable cell count is reduced from the integrated value of the effect of each ion, and a synergistic effect appears.
また、特に殺菌効果の優れるのは、銀イオンを利用する例である。したがって、銀イオンと銅イオン、銀イオンと残留塩素、銀イオンと銅イオンと残留塩素を共存させるのが好適であることも知見される。 Moreover, the example which utilizes a silver ion is especially excellent in a bactericidal effect. Therefore, it is also found that it is preferable to coexist silver ions and copper ions, silver ions and residual chlorine, and silver ions, copper ions and residual chlorine.
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