JP2007253551A - Topographic model molding system and topographic model - Google Patents
Topographic model molding system and topographic model Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、地形模型及び地形模型の製造の技術に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a terrain model and a technology for manufacturing the terrain model.
地形を三次元的に表した地形模型は、ジオラマ等として各種展示等において用いられている（たとえば、特許文献１）。
また、このような地形模型を、三次元プリンタや三次元光造形装置などの自動三次元造形装置を用いて、現実の地形を表す三次元地形データから自動製造すること技術も知られている（たとえば、特許文献２）。
There is also known a technique for automatically manufacturing such a terrain model from three-dimensional terrain data representing real terrain using an automatic three-dimensional modeling apparatus such as a three-dimensional printer or a three-dimensional stereolithography apparatus ( For example, Patent Document 2).
さて、自動三次元造形装置において地形模型の製造に用いられる三次元地形データは、航空測量や衛星測量によって作成されたものである場合が多い。また、このような三次元地形データには、一般に、樹木や草木といった微細な構造までは反映されていないことが一般的である。
そして、このために、このような三次元地形データから自動三次元造形装置によって製作した地形模型は、森林地などの領域の質感が現実の質感と大きく異なる、リアリティに乏しいものとなってしまっていた。
そこで、本発明は、よりリアリティある表現による地形模型を提供することを課題とする。
ところで、地形模型では、その形状によって地形を提示する他、彩色などによって各種の情報を地形模型上に表して、観察者に対して提示することができる。しかしながら、多様な情報を一つの地形模型上で表そうとすると、その表示が重複するなどして複雑となってしまい、地形模型上に表した各情報を観察者が直感的に把握できなくなってしまう。
In many cases, the three-dimensional terrain data used for manufacturing the terrain model in the automatic three-dimensional modeling apparatus is created by aerial surveying or satellite surveying. In general, such three-dimensional terrain data generally does not reflect even fine structures such as trees and vegetation.
For this reason, the terrain model produced from such 3D terrain data by an automatic 3D modeling device has poor reality, with the texture of areas such as forest areas greatly different from the actual texture. It was.
Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the terrain model by a more realistic expression.
By the way, in the terrain model, in addition to presenting the terrain by its shape, various information can be represented on the terrain model by coloring and presented to the observer. However, if you try to display a variety of information on one terrain model, the display will be complicated by duplication, etc., and the observer will not be able to grasp each information displayed on the terrain model intuitively. End up.
そこで、併せて、本発明は、より多様な情報を、観察者が直感的に把握可能な形態で提示可能な地形模型を提供することを課題とする。 Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a terrain model capable of presenting more diverse information in a form that can be intuitively grasped by an observer.
前記課題達成のために本発明は、三次元造形処理装置と、三次元形状を表す三次元造形データに従って三次元の地形模型の自動造形を行う三次元造形装置とを有する地形模型造形システムにおいて、前記三次元造形処理装置に、三次元地形データが表す三次元モデル上の、所定の条件を満たす区域に対応する領域を質感付加領域として設定する質感付加領域設定手段と、前記三次元地形データが表す三次元モデルの前記質感付加領域内の地表面に凹凸を与えた三次元モデルを表す三次元形状データを三次元造形データとして生成する質感付加手段と、前記三次元造形データに従った前記地形模型の製造を前記三次元造形装置に行わせる三次元造形制御手段とを備えたものである。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a three-dimensional modeling processing apparatus and a three-dimensional modeling apparatus that automatically models a three-dimensional terrain model according to three-dimensional modeling data representing a three-dimensional shape. In the 3D modeling processing device, texture added region setting means for setting a region corresponding to an area satisfying a predetermined condition on the 3D model represented by the 3D terrain data as a texture added region; and the 3D terrain data Texture adding means for generating three-dimensional modeling data representing three-dimensional shape data representing a three-dimensional model having irregularities on the ground surface in the texture additional region of the three-dimensional model to be represented, and the topography according to the three-dimensional modeling data 3D modeling control means for causing the 3D modeling apparatus to manufacture a model.
ここで、このような地形模型造形システムは、三次元地形データが表す三次元モデルを、現実世界の所定地域の地形を模擬するものである場合には、前記質感付加領域設定手段において、前記所定地域の土地種別毎の区域分けを表す二次元の土地種別地図を表す土地種別地図データに基づいて、土地種別が所定の種別である区域を前記所定の条件を満たす区域として抽出し、前記三次元地形データが表す三次元モデル上の、前記抽出した区域に対応する領域を質感付加領域として設定するようにすることが好ましい。 Here, when such a terrain model modeling system simulates the terrain of a predetermined area in the real world with the three-dimensional model represented by the three-dimensional terrain data, the texture-added area setting means uses the predetermined model. Based on the land type map data representing a two-dimensional land type map representing the area classification for each land type of the area, the area where the land type is a predetermined type is extracted as an area that satisfies the predetermined condition, and the three-dimensional It is preferable that an area corresponding to the extracted area on the three-dimensional model represented by the terrain data is set as a texture addition area.
これらのような地形模型造形システムによれば、地形模型の地表面に土地種別などに応じた凹凸を形成することができる。したがって、地形模型において地表面の凹凸によって各領域の土地種別などに応じた質感を表現した、よりリアリティある地形模型を提供することができるようになる。 According to these topographic model forming systems, it is possible to form irregularities according to the land type on the ground surface of the topographic model. Therefore, it is possible to provide a more realistic terrain model that expresses the texture according to the land type of each region by the unevenness of the ground surface in the terrain model.
なお、前記質感付加領域設定手段は、ユーザから区域の指定を受け付け、指定を受け付けた区域を、前記所定の条件を満たす区域として抽出し、前記三次元地形データが表す三次元モデル上の、前記抽出した区域に対応する領域を質感付加領域として設定するものとしてもよい。 The texture-added region setting means receives a designation of a zone from a user, extracts the zone for which the designation is accepted as a zone that satisfies the predetermined condition, and on the three-dimensional model represented by the three-dimensional terrain data, An area corresponding to the extracted area may be set as the texture addition area.
さて、これらのような地形模型造形システムは、より具体的には、前記質感付加手段において、前記三次元地形データが表す三次元モデルの前記質感付加領域内の地表面に、所定の三次元形状を有する三次元オブジェクトを配置し、当該三次元オブジェクトを配置した三次元モデルを表す三次元形状データを前記三次元造形データとして生成するものとしてもよい。 Now, more specifically, the terrain model modeling system such as these, in the texture addition means, a predetermined three-dimensional shape is formed on the ground surface in the texture addition region of the three-dimensional model represented by the three-dimensional terrain data. It is good also as what produces | generates the three-dimensional shape data showing the three-dimensional model which has arrange | positioned the three-dimensional object which has the said three-dimensional object, as said three-dimensional modeling data.
また、前記課題達成のために、本発明は、所定の基準による区域分けを表す彩色が、当該地形模型の地表面上に、通常光下で発色せず紫外光下で発色する蛍光性を有する蛍光塗料、または、蓄光塗料を用いて施された、三次元の地形模型を提供する。
このような地形模型によれば、所定の基準による区域分けを表す彩色を、通常光下における地形模型の観察に影響を与えない形態で、選択的に観察者に提示することができるようになる。また、このことより、通常光下において、前記区域分けを表す彩色と関わりなく情報を地形模型上に提示することができるようになり、この結果、より多様な情報を、観察者が直感的に把握可能な形態で提示することができるようになる。
Further, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the fluorescence that the coloring representing the division according to a predetermined standard is not colored under normal light but colored under ultraviolet light on the ground surface of the terrain model. A three-dimensional terrain model is provided using a fluorescent paint or a phosphorescent paint.
According to such a terrain model, it is possible to selectively present the coloring representing the segmentation based on a predetermined reference to the observer in a form that does not affect the observation of the terrain model under normal light. . In addition, this makes it possible to present information on the terrain model regardless of the coloring that represents the area division under normal light. As a result, the observer can intuitively view more diverse information. It can be presented in a form that can be grasped.
なお、より具体的には、このような地形模型には、通常光下で発色する塗料を用いた、現実世界を模擬する彩色を施すようにしてもよい。また、前記所定の基準による区域分けは、過去の土地状況に応じた区域分けとしてもよい。 More specifically, such a terrain model may be colored using a paint that develops color under normal light to simulate the real world. In addition, the division according to the predetermined standard may be division according to past land conditions.
以上のように、本発明によれば、よりリアリティある表現による地形模型を提供することができる。また、より多様な情報を、観察者が直感的に把握可能な形態で提示可能な地形模型を提供することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a terrain model with a more realistic expression. In addition, it is possible to provide a terrain model that can present more diverse information in a form that can be intuitively grasped by an observer.
以下、本発明の実施形態について説明する。
図１に、本実施形態に係る地形模型造形システムの構成を示す。
図示するように、地形模型造形システムは、三次元造形処理装置１と、自動三次元造形を行う三次元プリンタ２、表示装置３、入力装置４とより構成される。
また、三次元造形処理装置１は、記憶装置１１、入出力制御部１２、三次元地形データ編集部１３とを有する。また、三次元地形データ編集部１３は、三次元地形表示制御部１３１と、領域設定部１３２と、質感表現オブジェクト配置部１３３と、三次元造形データ出力制御部１３４とを含んでいる。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
In FIG. 1, the structure of the topographic model modeling system which concerns on this embodiment is shown.
As illustrated, the terrain model modeling system includes a three-dimensional modeling processing device 1, a three-dimensional printer 2, a display device 3, and an input device 4 that perform automatic three-dimensional modeling.
The 3D modeling processing apparatus 1 includes a storage device 11, an input / output control unit 12, and a 3D terrain data editing unit 13. The 3D terrain data editing unit 13 includes a 3D terrain display control unit 131, a region setting unit 132, a texture expression object arrangement unit 133, and a 3D modeling data output control unit 134.
そして、記憶装置１１には、航空測量や衛星測量によって作成された、所定の地理的領域の地形を三次元的に表す三次元地形データと、前記所定の地理的領域内の土地の利用状態（市街地、農地、森林地などの土地の種類）を示す二次元の地図である土地利用図を表す土地利用図データと、三次元造形データとが格納される。 In the storage device 11, three-dimensional terrain data that is created by aerial surveying or satellite surveying and that three-dimensionally represents the terrain of the predetermined geographical area, and the usage state of the land in the predetermined geographical area ( Land use map data representing a land use map, which is a two-dimensional map showing types of land such as urban areas, agricultural land, and forest land), and three-dimensional modeling data are stored.
ただし、以上の三次元造形処理装置１は、ＣＰＵやメモリや外部記憶装置等の一般的な構成を備えた汎用コンピュータを用いて構成されるものであって良く、この場合、以上の三次元造形処理装置１の各部の構成は、ＣＰＵが予め用意されたプログラムを実行することにより、プロセスや記憶資源として汎用コンピュータ上に具現化される。 However, the above three-dimensional modeling processing apparatus 1 may be configured using a general-purpose computer having a general configuration such as a CPU, a memory, or an external storage device. In this case, the above three-dimensional modeling processing apparatus 1 is used. The configuration of each unit of the processing device 1 is embodied on a general-purpose computer as a process or storage resource by the CPU executing a program prepared in advance.
さて、このような構成において、入出力制御部１２は、三次元地形データ編集部１３の各部と、記憶装置１１や表示装置３や入力装置４や三次元プリンタ２との間の入出力処理を担う。すなわち、三次元地形データ編集部１３の各部は、入出力制御部１２を介して、記憶装置１１や表示装置３や入力装置４や三次元プリンタ２との間の入出力を行うことができる。 In such a configuration, the input / output control unit 12 performs input / output processing between each unit of the three-dimensional terrain data editing unit 13 and the storage device 11, the display device 3, the input device 4, and the three-dimensional printer 2. Bear. That is, each unit of the three-dimensional terrain data editing unit 13 can perform input / output with the storage device 11, the display device 3, the input device 4, and the three-dimensional printer 2 via the input / output control unit 12.
次に、三次元地形データ編集部１３は、次に示す三次元造形データ生成処理を行って三次元地形データを編集し、編集した三次元地形データを、三次元造形データとして記憶装置１１に記憶する。
図２に、この三次元地形データ編集部１３が行う三次元造形データ生成処理の手順を示す。
図示するようにこの処理では、まず、三次元地形データ編集部１３の領域設定部１３２によって、記憶装置１１から土地利用図データと三次元地形データを読み込む（ステップ２０２）。そして、土地利用図データが表す土地利用図に基づいて、三次元地形データによって地形が表されている地理的領域である対象領域のうちの、森林地などの緑地となっている区域を緑地区域として抽出する（ステップ２０４）。
Next, the 3D terrain data editing unit 13 performs the following 3D modeling data generation process to edit the 3D terrain data, and stores the edited 3D terrain data in the storage device 11 as 3D modeling data. To do.
FIG. 2 shows a procedure of 3D modeling data generation processing performed by the 3D terrain data editing unit 13.
As shown in the figure, in this process, first, the area setting unit 132 of the three-dimensional terrain data editing unit 13 reads land use map data and three-dimensional terrain data from the storage device 11 (step 202). Then, based on the land use map represented by the land use map data, a green area such as a forested area of the target area that is a geographical area represented by the three-dimensional topographic data is a green area. (Step 204).
ここでは、たとえば、土地利用図データが表す土地利用図において図２ｂ１の区域２５２が森林等の緑地の区域として示されていれば、この区域２５２を緑地区域として抽出する。
そして、領域設定部１３２によって、三次元地形データが表す三次元モデル上の、ステップ２０４で抽出した緑地区域に対応する領域を質感付加領域に設定する（ステップ２０６）。
すなわち、ここでは、図２ｂ１の区域２５２が緑地区域として抽出されている場合には、図２ｂ２に示す三次元地形データが表す三次元モデル上の、緑地区域２５２と対応する緯度経度範囲が同じ領域２５４を質感付加領域に設定する。
なお、この質感付加領域の設定は次のように行うようにしても良い。すなわち、三次元地形データ編集部１３の三次元地形表示制御部１３１によって、三次元地形データが表す三次元モデルを表示装置３に表示すると共に、当該三次元モデルの表示上で、ユーザより入力装置４を介して、質感付加領域とする領域の選択を受け付け、選択を受け付けた領域を当該質感付加領域として設定するようにしても良い。
Here, for example, if the area 252 in FIG. 2b1 is shown as a green area such as a forest in the land use map represented by the land use map data, the area 252 is extracted as a green area.
Then, the region setting unit 132 sets a region corresponding to the green area extracted in step 204 on the three-dimensional model represented by the three-dimensional terrain data as a texture addition region (step 206).
That is, here, when the area 252 in FIG. 2b1 is extracted as a green area, the latitude and longitude ranges corresponding to the green area 252 on the three-dimensional model represented by the three-dimensional landform data shown in FIG. 254 is set as the texture addition region.
The texture addition region may be set as follows. That is, the three-dimensional terrain display control unit 131 of the three-dimensional terrain data editing unit 13 displays a three-dimensional model represented by the three-dimensional terrain data on the display device 3 and also displays an input device from the user on the display of the three-dimensional model. 4 may be used to accept selection of a region to be a texture-added region, and the region that has received the selection may be set as the texture-added region.
さて、このようにして質感付加領域を設定したならば、次に、三次元地形データ編集部１３の質感表現オブジェクト配置部１３３によって、設定された質感付加領域内に予め用意しておいた質感表現オブジェクトを、複数、当該質感表現オブジェクトが所定密度で三次元モデルの地表面上に存在するようにランダムに配置する（ステップ２０８）。 If the texture addition area is set in this way, then the texture expression prepared in advance in the set texture addition area by the texture expression object placement section 133 of the three-dimensional terrain data editing section 13 is set. A plurality of objects are randomly arranged so that the texture expression objects exist on the ground surface of the three-dimensional model at a predetermined density (step 208).
すなわち、ここでは、たとえば、図２ｂ３に示すような半球体である質感表現オブジェクトを複数、図２ｂ４に示すように、三次元モデルの質感付加領域２５４内の地表面上に、所定の存在密度となるようにランダムに配置する。また、この際には、質感表現オブジェクトのサイズも、配置する質感表現オブジェクト毎にランダムに変化させるようにする。 That is, here, for example, a plurality of texture expression objects that are hemispheres as shown in FIG. 2b3, and a predetermined abundance density on the ground surface in the texture addition region 254 of the three-dimensional model as shown in FIG. 2b4. Arrange randomly. At this time, the size of the texture expression object is also randomly changed for each texture expression object to be arranged.
なお、ここでは、質感表現オブジェクトとして半球体を用いたが、質感表現オブジェクトとしては、半球体以外の形状、たとえば、三角錐形状や円錐形状や円筒形状などの他の幾何学形状や、その他の非幾何学的形状をもつ三次元オブジェクトを一つまたは組み合わせて用いるようにしても良い。
そして、最後に、質感表現オブジェクト配置部１３３によって、質感表現オブジェクトを配置した三次元モデルを表す三次元形状データを三次元造形データとして記憶装置１１に格納（ステップ２１０）、処理を終了する。
In this example, a hemisphere is used as the texture expression object. However, as the texture expression object, a shape other than the hemisphere, for example, other geometric shapes such as a triangular pyramid shape, a cone shape, a cylindrical shape, and the like, One or a combination of three-dimensional objects having non-geometric shapes may be used.
Finally, the texture expression object placement unit 133 stores the 3D shape data representing the 3D model in which the texture expression object is placed in the storage device 11 as the 3D modeling data (step 210), and the process is terminated.
以上、三次元地形データ編集部１３が行う三次元造形データ生成処理について説明した。
さて、このようにして三次元造形データ生成処理によって生成され記憶装置１１に格納された三次元造形データは、入力装置４へのユーザ操作などに応じて、随時、三次元地形データ編集部１３の三次元造形データ出力制御部１３４によって読み出され、三次元プリンタ２に出力される。
The 3D modeling data generation process performed by the 3D terrain data editing unit 13 has been described above.
The 3D modeling data generated by the 3D modeling data generation process and stored in the storage device 11 in this way is stored in the 3D terrain data editing unit 13 at any time according to a user operation to the input device 4 or the like. The data is read by the three-dimensional modeling data output control unit 134 and output to the three-dimensional printer 2.
そして、三次元プリンタ２において、三次元造形データに従った自動三次元造形が行われ、三次元造形データが表す三次元形状を有する三次元の地形模型が製作される。
この結果、製作された地形模型の緑地に対応する領域の地表は、質感表現オブジェクトの配置によって形成された、緑地としての質感を表現する凹凸を有するものとなる。
よって、本実施形態によれば、よりリアリティある表現による地形模型を提供することができるようになる。
なお、以上では、緑地の領域について質感を表現する凹凸が地形模型上に形成されるようにしたが、これは、緑地に限らず任意の土地の種類の領域について、当該種類に応じた質感を表現する凹凸が地形模型上に形成されるようにしてよい。なお、この場合には、予め用意しておいた当該種類に応じた三次元形状を有する質感表現オブジェクトを、当該土地種類の区域に対応する三次元地形データが表す三次元モデル上の領域にランダム配置して三次元造形データを作成するようにする。
Then, in the three-dimensional printer 2, automatic three-dimensional modeling is performed according to the three-dimensional modeling data, and a three-dimensional terrain model having a three-dimensional shape represented by the three-dimensional modeling data is manufactured.
As a result, the ground surface of the region corresponding to the green space of the produced terrain model has irregularities that express the texture as a green space formed by the arrangement of the texture expression objects.
Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a terrain model with a more realistic expression.
In the above description, the unevenness expressing the texture of the green area is formed on the terrain model. However, this is not limited to the green area, and the texture corresponding to the type is selected for the area of any land type. The unevenness to be expressed may be formed on the terrain model. In this case, a texture expression object having a 3D shape corresponding to the type prepared in advance is randomly assigned to an area on the 3D model represented by the 3D terrain data corresponding to the area of the land type. Arrange to create 3D modeling data.
また、土地の複数の種類の各々について、当該種類の質感を表現する凹凸が地形模型に形成されるようにしてもよい。すなわち、この場合には、前記複数の土地の種類のうちのいずれかの土地の種類の区域に対応する三次元地形データが表す三次元モデル上の領域に、予め土地の種類毎に各々用意しておいた相互に異なる質感表現オブジェクトのうちの当該領域に対応する土地の種類に応じた質感表現オブジェクトをランダム配置して三次元造形データを作成するようにする。 Further, for each of a plurality of types of land, unevenness expressing the type of texture may be formed in the terrain model. That is, in this case, each area type is prepared in advance in the area on the 3D model represented by the 3D landform data corresponding to the area of any one of the plurality of land types. The three-dimensional modeling data is created by randomly arranging the texture expression objects corresponding to the type of the land corresponding to the region among the different texture expression objects.
また、以上では、質感表現オブジェクトを三次元地形データが表す三次元モデル上に配置して、地形模型の造形に用いる三次元造形データを作成したが、これは、三次元地形データが表す三次元モデルの、凹凸を与えようとする領域の形状を直接変形することにより、地形模型の造形に用いる三次元造形データを作成するようにしてもよい。 In the above, the 3D modeling data used for modeling the terrain model is created by placing the material expression object on the 3D model represented by the 3D terrain data. You may make it produce the three-dimensional modeling data used for modeling of a topographic model by directly deform | transforming the shape of the area | region which is going to give the unevenness | corrugation of a model.
さて、ここで、本実施形態では、このように造形した地形模型に対して、地形模型を用いて情報を提示するための二つの塗装を行う。
すなわち、第１の塗装は、通常光によって視認される塗料を用いた塗装であり、本実施形態では、この第１の塗装によって、たとえば、図３ａに示すような、現実世界の配色を模擬した彩色（たとえば、山野は緑、市街地は白、川部分は青とするような彩色）を施す。なお、この塗装は、それが可能な三次元プリンタ２を用いる場合には、当該三次元プリンタ２を用いて行う。
Now, in this embodiment, two coatings for presenting information using the terrain model are performed on the terrain model formed in this way.
That is, the first painting is a painting using a paint that is visually recognized by normal light. In this embodiment, the first painting simulates a real-world color scheme as shown in FIG. 3A, for example. Apply a color (for example, the color of the mountain is green, the city is white, and the river is blue). In addition, this coating is performed using the said three-dimensional printer 2, when using the three-dimensional printer 2 which can do it.
次に、第２の塗装は、通常光下における前記第１の塗装による彩色に対する視認を妨げないように行う、紫外光に対する蛍光性を有する蛍光塗料または蓄光塗料を用いた塗装である。なお、この第２の塗装は、通常光下では透明または半透明または白色または極薄い彩色としてしか視認されないものである。 Next, the second coating is a coating using a fluorescent paint or a phosphorescent paint having fluorescence with respect to ultraviolet light, which is performed so as not to disturb the visual recognition of the coloring by the first coating under normal light. In addition, this 2nd coating is visually recognized only as transparent or translucent or white or very thin coloring under normal light.
そして、本実施形態では、たとえば、この第２の塗装によって、過去に河川であった区域などを表示する。すなわち、図３ｂの斜線掛けで示した区域が過去に河川であった区域である場合には、この区域内を蛍光塗料または蓄光塗料によって塗装する。この結果、第２の塗装を蓄光塗料を用いて行った場合には通常光による照明を消すと、第２の塗装を蛍光塗料を用いて行った場合には通常光による照明を消し紫外光光源（ブラックライト）による照明を行うと、図３ｃに示すように、第１の塗装による表示は薄れ、代わりに、第２の塗装による表示、すなわち、過去に河川であった区域の表示が明確に地形模型上に表れる。 And in this embodiment, the area etc. which were rivers in the past are displayed by this 2nd painting, for example. That is, when the area shown by hatching in FIG. 3B is an area that has been a river in the past, the area is painted with a fluorescent paint or a phosphorescent paint. As a result, when the second coating is performed using a phosphorescent paint, the illumination with normal light is turned off. When the second coating is performed with a fluorescent paint, the illumination with normal light is turned off and the ultraviolet light source is turned off. When illuminated with (black light), as shown in FIG. 3c, the display by the first paint fades, and instead the display by the second paint, ie the display of the area that was a river in the past, is clear. Appears on the terrain model.
なお、過去に河川であった区域以外の任意の表示についても、同様に、第２の塗装によって地形模型上に行うことができる。たとえば、過去に河川氾濫によって浸水した区域、河川氾濫による浸水が予想される区域、地盤軟弱な区域、土砂災害発生が予想される区域、埋め立てによって造成された区域である埋め立て区域などの各種区域などを、第２の塗装によって地形模型上に表示することができる。なお、等高線によって区切られる同標高範囲の各区域を、第２の塗装によって、各標高範囲毎に異なる色で発色する蓄光塗料や蛍光塗料を用いて地形模型上に表示するようにしてもよい。 Note that any display other than the area that was a river in the past can be similarly performed on the terrain model by the second painting. For example, various areas such as areas that have been flooded in the past due to river flooding, areas that are expected to be flooded due to river flooding, areas that are soft in the ground, areas that are expected to cause sediment disasters, and landfill areas that are created by landfill Can be displayed on the terrain model by the second painting. In addition, you may make it display each area of the same altitude range divided | segmented by a contour line on a topographic model using the phosphorescent paint and fluorescent paint which color with a different color for every altitude range by 2nd coating.
このように、本実施形態では、所定の区域分けを表す彩色を、通常光下における地形模型の観察に影響を与えない形態で、選択的に観察者に提示することができるようになる。また、このことより、通常光下において、前記区域分けを表す彩色と関わりなく情報（たとえば、現実世界を模擬する色情報）を地形模型上に提示することができるようになり、この結果、より多様な情報を、観察者が直感的に把握可能な形態で提示することができるようになる。 As described above, in this embodiment, it is possible to selectively present the coloring representing the predetermined area division to the observer in a form that does not affect the observation of the topographic model under normal light. In addition, this makes it possible to present information (for example, color information that simulates the real world) on the terrain model regardless of the coloring that represents the area division under normal light. A variety of information can be presented in a form that an observer can intuitively grasp.
１…三次元造形処理装置、２…三次元プリンタ、３…表示装置、４…入力装置、１１…記憶装置、１２…入出力制御部、１３…三次元地形データ編集部、１３１…三次元地形表示制御部、１３２…領域設定部、１３３…質感表現オブジェクト配置部、１３４…三次元造形データ出力制御部。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Three-dimensional modeling processing apparatus, 2 ... Three-dimensional printer, 3 ... Display apparatus, 4 ... Input device, 11 ... Storage device, 12 ... Input / output control part, 13 ... Three-dimensional landform data edit part, 131 ... Three-dimensional landform Display control unit, 132 ... area setting unit, 133 ... texture expression object placement unit, 134 ... three-dimensional modeling data output control unit.
Claims (9)
前記三次元造形処理装置は、
三次元地形データが表す三次元モデル上の、所定の条件を満たす区域に対応する領域を質感付加領域として設定する質感付加領域設定手段と、
前記三次元地形データが表す三次元モデルの前記質感付加領域内の地表面に凹凸を与えた三次元モデルを表す三次元形状データを三次元造形データとして生成する質感付加手段と、
前記三次元造形データに従った前記地形模型の製造を前記三次元造形装置に行わせる三次元造形制御手段とを有することを特徴とする地形模型造形システム。 A terrain model modeling system having a three-dimensional modeling processing device and a three-dimensional modeling device that automatically models a three-dimensional terrain model according to three-dimensional modeling data representing a three-dimensional shape,
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus is
A texture addition region setting means for setting a region corresponding to a region satisfying a predetermined condition on the three-dimensional model represented by the three-dimensional terrain data as a texture addition region;
Texture addition means for generating three-dimensional shape data representing three-dimensional shape data representing a three-dimensional model having irregularities on the ground surface in the texture addition region of the three-dimensional model represented by the three-dimensional terrain data;
A terrain model modeling system, comprising: a three-dimensional modeling control unit that causes the three-dimensional modeling apparatus to manufacture the terrain model according to the three-dimensional modeling data.
三次元地形データが表す三次元モデルは、現実世界の所定地域の地形を模擬するものであり、
前記質感付加領域設定手段は、前記所定地域の土地種別毎の区域分けを表す二次元の土地種別地図を表す土地種別地図データに基づいて、土地種別が所定の種別である区域を前記所定の条件を満たす区域として抽出し、前記三次元地形データが表す三次元モデル上の、前記抽出した区域に対応する領域を質感付加領域として設定することを特徴とする地形模型造形システム。 The terrain model modeling system according to claim 1,
The 3D model represented by the 3D terrain data simulates the terrain of a given area in the real world,
The texture-added area setting means is configured to determine an area where the land type is a predetermined type based on land type map data representing a two-dimensional land type map representing a division for each land type of the predetermined area. And a region corresponding to the extracted region on the three-dimensional model represented by the three-dimensional landform data is set as a texture-added region.
前記質感付加領域設定手段は、ユーザから区域の指定を受け付け、指定を受け付けた区域を、前記所定の条件を満たす区域として抽出し、前記三次元地形データが表す三次元モデル上の、前記抽出した区域に対応する領域を質感付加領域として設定することを特徴とする地形模型造形システム。 The terrain model modeling system according to claim 1,
The texture-added area setting means receives a designation of an area from a user, extracts the area that has received the designation as an area that satisfies the predetermined condition, and extracts the extracted area on the 3D model represented by the 3D terrain data. A landform modeling system characterized in that an area corresponding to an area is set as a texture-added area.
前記質感付加手段は、前記三次元地形データが表す三次元モデルの前記質感付加領域内の地表面に、所定の三次元形状を有する三次元オブジェクトを配置し、当該三次元オブジェクトを配置した三次元モデルを表す三次元形状データを前記三次元造形データとして生成することを特徴とする地形模型造形システム。 The terrain model modeling system according to claim 1, 2, or 3,
The texture addition means arranges a three-dimensional object having a predetermined three-dimensional shape on the ground surface in the texture addition region of the three-dimensional model represented by the three-dimensional terrain data, and arranges the three-dimensional object. A terrain model modeling system, wherein three-dimensional shape data representing a model is generated as the three-dimensional modeling data.
前記地形模型は、所定の基準による区域分けを表す彩色が、当該地形模型の地表面上に、通常光下で発色せず紫外光下で発色する蛍光性を有する蛍光塗料、または、蓄光塗料を用いて施されていることを特徴とする地形模型。 A 3D terrain model,
The terrain model has a fluorescent paint or a phosphorescent paint having a fluorescent property that the coloring representing the division according to a predetermined standard is not colored under normal light but colored under ultraviolet light on the ground surface of the terrain model. A terrain model characterized by being used.
前記地形模型には、通常光下で発色する塗料を用いた、現実世界を模擬する彩色が施されていることを特徴とする地形模型。 A three-dimensional terrain model according to claim 5,
The terrain model is characterized in that the terrain model is colored to simulate the real world using a paint that develops color under normal light.
前記所定の基準による区域分けは、過去の土地状況に応じた区域分けであることを特徴とする地形模型。 The terrain model according to claim 6,
The terrain model according to claim 1, wherein the zoning according to the predetermined standard is zoning according to past land conditions.
前記三次元造形処理装置において、現実世界の三次元地形データが表す、現実世界の所定地域の地形を模擬する三次元モデル上の、土地種別が所定の種別である区域に対応する領域を質感付加領域として設定するステップと、
前記三次元造形処理装置において、前記三次元地形データが表す三次元モデルの前記質感付加領域内の地表面に凹凸を与えた三次元モデルを表す三次元形状データを三次元造形データとして生成するステップと、
前記三次元造形装置において、前記三次元造形データに従った前記地形模型の造形を行うステップとを有することを特徴とする地形模型製造方法。 In a topographic model forming system having a three-dimensional modeling processing apparatus and a three-dimensional modeling apparatus for automatically modeling a three-dimensional topographic model according to three-dimensional modeling data representing a three-dimensional shape, the method for manufacturing the topographic model ,
In the 3D modeling processing apparatus, a texture is added to a region corresponding to an area having a land type of a predetermined type on a 3D model that simulates the landform of a predetermined region of the real world represented by the real world 3D landform data. A step to set as an area;
In the three-dimensional modeling processing apparatus, generating three-dimensional modeling data representing three-dimensional modeling data representing a three-dimensional model in which unevenness is given to the ground surface in the texture-added region of the three-dimensional model represented by the three-dimensional terrain data When,
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus, further comprising a step of modeling the terrain model according to the three-dimensional modeling data.
前記コンピュータを、
三次元地形データが表す三次元モデル上の、所定の条件を満たす区域に対応する領域を質感付加領域として設定する質感付加領域設定手段と、
前記三次元地形データが表す三次元モデルの前記質感付加領域内の地表面に凹凸を与えた三次元モデルを表す三次元形状データを三次元造形データとして生成する質感付加手段と、
前記三次元造形データに従った地形模型の造形を、自動造形を行う三次元造形装置に行わせる三次元造形制御手段として機能させることを特徴とするコンピュータプログラム。 A computer program that is read and executed by a computer,
The computer,
A texture addition region setting means for setting a region corresponding to a region satisfying a predetermined condition on the three-dimensional model represented by the three-dimensional terrain data as a texture addition region;
Texture addition means for generating three-dimensional shape data representing three-dimensional shape data representing a three-dimensional model having irregularities on the ground surface in the texture addition region of the three-dimensional model represented by the three-dimensional terrain data;
A computer program that causes a 3D modeling apparatus that performs modeling of a terrain model according to the 3D modeling data to be performed by a 3D modeling apparatus that performs automatic modeling.
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