JP2007247693A - Ring enabling reversible change of shape and protective clothing and coming-in-and-out mechanism using it - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ring capable of achieving high operation speed and enabling reversible change of shape in accordance with change of temperature and to provide protective clothing and a coming-in-and-out mechanism using the ring. <P>SOLUTION: This ring R having a partial cut-out part L and enabling reversible change of shape to change its shape in accordance with change of temperature has shape memory alloy, an elastic body, and a thermoelectric conversion element capable of switching between heating and cooling freely between the shape memory alloy and the elastic body. The elastic body constitutes heat mass of the thermoelectric conversion element. Radius of curvature of the shape memory alloy becomes large or small by heating and is stored in the shape memory alloy in advance so that it becomes a predetermined value a. The elastic body is worked in advance so that its radius of curvature becomes a predetermined value b. Radius of curvature of a composite body composed of the shape memory alloy, the elastic body, and the thermoelectric conversion element is a' when temperature is high and b' when temperature is low. The values of a, a', b, and b' have the following relation, a>a'>b'>b or b>b'>a'>a. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention has a shape memory alloy, a thermoelectric conversion element such as a Peltier element that heats and cools the shape memory alloy to its phase transformation point temperature, and a deformed shape deformed in accordance with the temperature change of the shape memory alloy. An elastic body that reversely deforms into a shape of the shape, and in particular, when cooling to the shape memory alloy, the elastic body has a function as a heat mass to supplement the calorific value of the thermoelectric conversion element to heat the shape memory alloy. A ring capable of reversible shape change in a configuration that rapidly reverses the shape deformation due to, a protective clothing for protecting against radiation contamination using the ring, and a protective clothing located in the radiation-contaminated region from a non-contaminated region The present invention relates to an entrance / exit mechanism using the ring for allowing an operator to enter / exit without causing radiation contamination.

  Wear protective clothing when working in a radiation-contaminated area at a nuclear facility. When working with protective clothing, the outside of the protective clothing is radioactively contaminated, so it is necessary to remove the contamination when moving to a non-contaminated area. However, removal of this contamination requires a lot of work. Patent Document 1 proposes an entrance / exit mechanism that enables safe entry / exit between a contaminated area and a non-contaminated area while wearing protective clothing.

  In this entrance / exit mechanism, since the screw is used to attach / detach the lid to / from the entrance / exit opening of the partition wall that separates the contaminated area from the non-contaminated area, the attaching / detaching operation of the lid is troublesome. There was a problem that skill was necessary for operation.

  As a solution to this problem, the applicants of the present application proposed Patent Document 2. Patent Document 2 discloses that a screw is used to attach and detach a lid to an entrance / exit opening of a partition wall that separates between the contaminated area and the non-contaminated area. It solves the problem that the detaching operation is troublesome and skill is required for the operation.

  As disclosed in Patent Document 2, the ring is a ring having a partially cut portion, and has an elastic body and a shape memory alloy along the circumferential direction of the ring, and the shape memory alloy is heated by heating. When the radius of curvature is increased or decreased, the radius of curvature of the ring is increased or decreased.

  By the way, the ring is reversibly deformed by the bias effect, and an elastic body (resin, FRP, superelastic SMA, etc.) is used for the bias function, and nichrome wire is used for the shape memory alloy (SMA) used as the actuator for the development of the deformation. It is heated and deformed. The reverse deformation is performed by a phase transformation caused by a natural temperature drop of the actuator, and a natural cooling method is adopted.

  By the way, a thermoelectric conversion element has been conventionally known as one that can perform both heat generation and cooling with one element, and switching between heat generation and cooling can be facilitated by switching the direction of current flow. Is widely used in appliances and devices in many fields including electrical appliances. Examples of heating and cooling the shape memory alloy using a Peltier element include Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4.

  In Patent Document 3, a cylindrical motion element is provided at the distal end portion of a catheter as a medical instrument having an extremely small diameter, and each of the first actuator portion and the second actuator portion constituting the cylindrical motion element is provided inside each. 4 actuators made of shape memory alloy are arranged, and 4 Peltier element arrays (P-type and N-type) whose heating or cooling can be individually controlled are arranged, and 4 Peltier element arrays are appropriately arranged. And the shape memory alloy is heated or cooled from the side surface so that bending motion can be freely performed by the first actuator portion and rotational motion can be freely performed by the second actuator portion. ing.

Further, Patent Document 4 discloses a motion element of an elongated assistive artificial myocardium as a medical device for assisting cardiac function. A motion memory element having a rectangular or cylindrical cross section has a shape memory alloy and this A plurality of P-type Peltier elements and N-type Peltier elements, which are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the shape memory alloy and are alternately arranged so that the shape memory alloy can be heated or cooled, are provided. A technique is disclosed in which a motion element is driven enough to massage the heart by quickly bending and returning the motion element by appropriately controlling the current supply direction to the mold Peltier element. .
Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 7-95113 JP 2002-267794 A JP 2000-135288 A JP 2001-12796 A

  The technique disclosed in the conventional patent document 2 has a problem that it takes a long time to attach and detach the lid.

  That is, in view of the problem that it takes a long time for the attaching / detaching operation / action itself of the lid, there is a problem in the operating speed of the ring that is an important part in the attaching / detaching operation of the lid. In other words, a ring having a notch part is reversibly deformed by a bias effect, and an elastic body (resin, FRP, superelastic SMA, etc.) is used for the bias function, and a shape memory alloy (SMA) used as an actuator for the development of deformation Nichrome wire is used for heat deformation. The reverse deformation is performed by phase transformation due to a natural temperature drop of the actuator, and since a natural cooling method is adopted, it takes time to return the ring to its original shape.

  Therefore, it takes time to attach and detach the lid using the ring with respect to the entrance / exit opening of the partition wall separating the contaminated area and the non-contaminated area, and the contaminated area through the protective clothing of the operator. There is a need to improve the time convenience when moving between the uncontaminated area and the uncontaminated area.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and is intended to improve the operating speed of the ring, in particular to improve the operating speed when the ring deformed by heating is reversely deformed by cooling. In order to improve the time shortening at the time of space movement between the contaminated area and the non-contaminated area through the protective clothing, the elastic body to be reversely deformed is a heat mass of the thermoelectric conversion element, the operation speed is fast, It is an object of the present invention to provide a ring capable of reversible shape change according to temperature change, a protective suit using the ring, and an entrance / exit mechanism.

And the ring capable of reversible shape change according to the present invention is (1) a ring that has a partly cutout part and that can reversibly change shape depending on temperature change caused by heating and cooling.
Having a shape memory alloy along the circumferential direction of the ring,
Having an elastic body disposed along the circumferential direction of the ring;
Having a thermoelectric conversion element that can be switched between heating and cooling between the shape memory alloy and the elastic body, and the elastic body constitutes a heat mass of the thermoelectric conversion element;
The shape memory alloy has its radius of curvature increased or decreased by heating,
The shape memory alloy is preliminarily stored so that the radius of curvature thereof is a predetermined value a;
The elastic body is processed in advance so that the radius of curvature is a predetermined value b,
The radius of curvature of the composite of the shape memory alloy, the elastic body, and the thermoelectric conversion element is a ′ at a high temperature and b ′ at a low temperature.
a, a ′, b, and b ′ have a relationship of a> a ′> b ′> b or a relationship of b> b ′> a ′> a, and thermoelectric conversion during cooling It is characterized in that the reverse deformation speed of the ring is improved by reinforcing the heat generation amount of the element with the heat amount accumulated in the elastic body constituting the heat mass.

And
(2) The ring has a recess for fitting along its outer peripheral end surface and is formed of a molding material, and is shaped so as to expand its radius of curvature by heating to a shape memory alloy based on a thermoelectric conversion element. It is characterized in that the reverse deformation speed of the ring is improved by causing a change and cooling to the shape memory alloy based on the thermoelectric conversion element.

Also,
(3) The ring has a recess for fitting along its outer peripheral end surface and is formed of a molding material, and is shaped so as to reduce its radius of curvature by heating to a shape memory alloy based on a thermoelectric conversion element. It is characterized in that the reverse deformation speed of the ring is improved by causing a change and cooling to the shape memory alloy based on the thermoelectric conversion element.

Also,
(4) The ring has a recess for fitting along its inner peripheral end surface and is formed of a molding material so that its radius of curvature is expanded by heating the shape memory alloy based on the thermoelectric conversion element. In addition to causing a shape change, cooling to the shape memory alloy based on the thermoelectric conversion element improves the reverse deformation speed of the ring.

Also,
(5) The ring has a fitting recess along its inner peripheral end surface and is formed of a molding material so that the radius of curvature is reduced by heating the shape memory alloy based on the thermoelectric conversion element. In addition to causing a shape change, cooling to the shape memory alloy based on the thermoelectric conversion element improves the reverse deformation speed of the ring.

And the protective clothing using the ring capable of reversible shape change of the present invention is (6) a protective clothing for protecting radioactive contamination having an opening through which an operator enters and exits.
A protective clothing frame connected to the opening, and a protective clothing side lid is detachably attached to the protective clothing frame;
A ring capable of reversible shape change according to any one of (1) to (5) is used as a joining means between the protective clothing frame and the protective clothing side lid.

Further, the access mechanism using the ring capable of reversible shape change according to the present invention is (7) an access mechanism in which an operator enters and exits a non-contaminated area in a protective clothing for protection against radioactive contamination worn in a contaminated area.
An annular partition frame 23 disposed along the periphery of a circular entrance / exit formed in the partition wall 21 that partitions the contaminated area and the non-contaminated area;
A protective clothing frame 24 having a diameter larger than the entrance opening and located in the contaminated area;
A non-contaminated side lid 26 having a diameter larger than the entrance opening and located in a non-contaminated area;
Protective clothing side lid 25 having a smaller diameter than the entrance opening
With
The partition frame 23 has a first annular protrusion 45 projecting toward the center of the ring continuously provided on the partition frame 23 on the side facing the contaminated area, and the side facing the non-contaminated area. And a second annular projection 46 projecting toward the center of the ring connected to the partition wall frame 23,
The protective clothing frame 24 has a first annular convex portion 31 projecting toward the center of the ring connected to the protective clothing frame 24 and a first annular convex portion 31 on the side toward the non-contaminated area. A second annular projection 32 having a smaller diameter and projecting toward the outer side of the ring connected to the protective clothing frame 24, and the two first annular projections 31 and the second annular projection 32, an annular separator 35 protruding toward the non-contamination zone is disposed, and the outer peripheral surface of the annular separator 35 and the first annular protrusion 31 of the protective clothing frame 24 Between the inner peripheral surface of the annular separator 35 and the second annular convex portion 32, a first ring R1 (a) having a fitting recess 33 is disposed along the outer peripheral end surface. A second ring R1 (b) having a fitting recess 34 along the inner peripheral end surface is disposed,
The non-contaminated side lid 26 includes a first annular convex portion 36 projecting toward the center of the ring connected to the non-contaminated side lid 26 on the side facing the contaminated area, and a first annular convex portion. A second annular projection 37 having a diameter smaller than 36 and projecting toward the outer side of the ring connected to the non-contamination side lid 26, and the two first annular projections 36 and the second annular projection An annular separator 40 that protrudes toward the contaminated area is disposed between the portion 37 and the outer peripheral end surface between the outer peripheral surface of the annular separator 40 and the first annular convex portion 36. A first ring R2 (b) having a fitting recess 38 is disposed along the inner circumferential end surface between the inner circumferential surface of the annular separator 40 and the second annular projection 37. A second ring R2 (a) having a fitting recess 39 is disposed;
The protective clothing side lid 25 has a first annular convex portion 41 projecting outward from the ring connected to the protective clothing side lid 25 on the side facing the contaminated area, and facing the non-contaminated area. A second annular convex portion 42 projecting in the outer direction of the ring connected to the protective clothing side lid 25 is provided on the side to be protected;
The protective clothing frame 24 is connected to an opening through which an operator of the protective clothing 22 for protecting against radioactive contamination enters and exits.
The first ring R1 (a) arranged in the protective clothing frame 24 is a ring capable of reversible shape change described in (2), and the second ring R1 (b) is described in (4). On the other hand, the first ring R2 (b) disposed on the non-contamination side lid 26 is a ring capable of reversible shape change described in (3). The second ring R2 (a) is a ring capable of reversible shape change described in (5).

  Since the elastic body is a heat mass of a thermoelectric conversion element with a small calorific value, even a thermoelectric conversion element with a small heat generation capacity can quickly change its shape of a large ring, just by switching the polarity of the current to flow, Compared to the conventional natural cooling, the ring can be rapidly expanded and contracted.

  By using this ring, when the lid is attached to the entrance / exit opening formed in the partition wall or when the lid is detached, the joining and detaching can be performed quickly.

  The ring according to the present invention, which uses a Peltier element as a thermoelectric conversion element and is reversibly deformed by reversing the heating or cooling by changing the direction of the flowing current, has a shape memory alloy and elastic body inside. In addition to having a Peltier element as the thermoelectric conversion element, a part of the ring is notched. One embodiment of the ring is shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 1, R indicates a ring, and a part thereof is cut away. That is, the ring R has a notch L. The size of the notch L varies depending on the shape memory alloy to be used, but is appropriately determined according to the increase or decrease in the radius of curvature that occurs when the ring R is heated or cooled by a Peltier element. An elastic body is disposed where the Peltier element is provided, and the elastic body reversely deforms the ring R deformed by the shape memory alloy to return to the original shape and as a heat mass of the Peltier element. It also has a role.

  The Peltier element does not necessarily need to be disposed on the entire ring depending on the size of the ring R. For example, the Peltier element is analyzed by heat flow analysis of the Peltier element by the general-purpose finite element method or heat conduction analysis of the Peltier element by the general-purpose finite element method. According to the size, the heat flow rate and the state of the heat conduction can be understood from the calculation, so that it is possible to simulate how many Peltier elements are arranged in which position of the ring R, thereby It is determined. The cross section of the ring R can have various structures.

  Note that K represents one of a plurality of positions where the Peltier elements are disposed by breaking, and E represents a lead wire for supplying a current to the Peltier elements.

FIG. 2 shows a basic layout where the Peltier elements are arranged on the ring.
In FIG. 2, 1 is a shape memory alloy, 2 is a superelastic shape memory alloy, 3 is a Peltier element, and 4 is a fixing bridge.

  The fixing bridge 4 is made of a heat insulating material such as ceramic, and the shape memory alloy 1 and the superelastic shape memory alloy 2 are arranged on the fixing bridge 4 so as to be in direct contact with the Peltier element 3. That is, the superelastic shape memory alloy 2 is arranged so as to have a function as a heat mass of the Peltier element 3 having a small calorific value in addition to the original elastic action. Needless to say, the Peltier element 3 inverts its heating and cooling in accordance with switching of the polarity of the current flowing through the Peltier element 3.

  Note that one set is formed by a three-member configuration of the shape memory alloy 1 and the superelastic shape memory alloy 2 with the Peltier element 3 in the middle, and two sets are shown in FIG. For the sake of convenience, the following description will be made with two sets. However, the number of sets may be an appropriate number such as one set or three sets.

FIG. 3 shows a sectional structural view of one embodiment of a portion where a Peltier element is arranged on the ring.
In FIG. 3, a linear shape memory alloy 1 and a linear superelastic shape memory alloy 2 that also serves as a heat mass are fixed to a ceramic fixing bridge 4 so as to be in direct contact with the Peltier element 3. Reference numerals 7 and 8 denote heat insulating materials, and these members are molded with a polymer molding material 6 such as soft vinyl chloride. The heat insulating materials 7 and 8 block, for example, heat transfer from the shape memory alloy 1 side to the superelastic shape memory alloy 2 side. The ring R is formed with a concave portion 5 having a taper along its inner peripheral end face.

  The positions of the shape memory alloy 1 and the superelastic shape memory alloy 2 may be changed, and the recess 5 may be provided along the outer peripheral end face of the ring R.

  In FIG. 3, the cross section of the ring R is shown as a rectangle, but the cross section of the ring R may take other shapes such as a circular shape and other polygonal shapes. Here, in connection with the use of the ring R in protective clothing for radiation contamination protection, an entrance / exit mechanism, which will be described later, a concave portion 5 having a rectangular cross section and a taper along the inner peripheral end surface of the ring R is provided. Is shown.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional structural view of another embodiment where a Peltier element is disposed on a ring.
In FIG. 4, a linear shape memory alloy 1 and a linear superelastic shape memory alloy 2 that also serves as a heat mass are fixed to a ceramic fixing bridge 4 so as to be in direct contact with the Peltier element 3. Reference numeral 8 denotes a heat insulating material, and these members are molded with a polymer molding material 6. This heat insulating material 8 is used as heat conduction blocking. The mold made of the polymer molding material 6 is shaped so that the superelastic shape memory alloy 2 is exposed from the polymer molding material 6, so that heat dissipation in the air is performed.

FIG. 5 shows a sectional structural view of another embodiment of the part where the Peltier element is arranged on the ring.
In FIG. 5, a linear shape memory alloy 1 and a linear superelastic shape memory alloy 2 that also serves as a heat mass are fixed to a ceramic fixing bridge 4 so as to be in direct contact with the Peltier element 3. Here, the Peltier element 3 is extended to the upper side (outer peripheral end face) and the lower side (inner peripheral end face) of the polymer molding material 6 as shown in FIG. 5, and the amount of heat generated by the Peltier element 3 is increased. In addition, for example, the heat conduction between the shape memory alloy 1 side and the superelastic shape memory alloy 2 side is cut off.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional structural view of another embodiment where a Peltier element is disposed on a ring.
In FIG. 6, the polymer molding material 6 between the two heat insulating materials 7 and 7 is further deleted from the one shown in FIG. 3, and the shape memory alloy 1 and the superelastic shape memory alloy 2 are exchanged. Has been. In this case, the superelastic shape memory alloy 2 is fixed on the fixing bridge 4 with the shape memory alloy 1 on the inside and the shape memory alloy 1 on the outside, which is an arrangement for improving the heat dissipation effect of the superelastic shape memory alloy 2. The structure without the heat insulating material 7 may be sufficient.

FIG. 7 shows a sectional structural view of another embodiment of the part where the Peltier element is arranged on the ring.
In FIG. 7, one band-shaped Peltier element 9 is shared, and two shape memory alloys 1 and two superelastic shape memory alloys 2 are fixed using respective fixing bridges 10. is doing. The heat insulating material 7 blocks the heat conduction between the shape memory alloy 1 side and the superelastic shape memory alloy 2 side. Instead of the heat insulating material 7, a belt-like Peltier element 9 may be extended.

FIG. 8 is a sectional structural view of another embodiment of the part where the Peltier element is arranged on the ring.
8 is obtained by replacing the two linear superelastic shape memory alloys 2 in FIG. 7 with one band-like superelastic shape memory alloy 11, and also in this case, the inner diameter side of the Peltier element 9. It is also possible to adopt a form in which the belt-like superelastic shape memory alloy 11 and the shape memory alloy 1 are in direct contact with the outer diameter side thereof.

  As can be seen from the above description, in FIG. 7, two shape memory alloys 1 can be replaced with one band-shaped shape memory alloy, and two superelastic shape memory alloys 2 can be replaced with one band-shaped shape memory alloy. In addition to the superelastic shape memory alloy, the two shape memory alloys 1 can be replaced with a single band shape memory alloy.

  In the case of FIGS. 7 and 8, the shape memory alloy 1 and the super elastic shape memory alloy 2 are switched in position, and the super elastic shape memory alloy 2 is arranged outside the ring and the shape memory alloy 1 is arranged inside the ring. It is also possible to adopt.

  In the above description, the cross-sectional shape of the ring R is shown as a rectangle, but other shapes such as a circular shape and other polygonal shapes are also possible. It goes without saying that the cross-sectional shape can be adapted to the form of each application product.

  The ring R described in FIG. 1 and FIGS. 3 to 8 includes a shape memory alloy 1 that has a shape memory with a certain curvature radius a and a superelastic shape memory alloy (superelastic shape memory alloy) that has been processed with another curvature radius b. (It may be an elastic body such as a spring, steel, plastic, FRP, etc.) 2 and 11 and the fixing bridge 4 on the combination in which the Peltier element 3 which is a thermoelectric conversion element is in direct contact with each other. 10 and fixed or combined with a polymer molding material (resin, low melting point alloy, etc.) 6 as a molding material. In this case, the polymer molding material 6 is not necessarily required, and the shape memory alloy 1 having the Peltier elements 3 and 9 formed by the fixing bridges 4 and 10 and the elastic body such as the superelastic shape memory alloy 2 are integrated. It is also possible to make it a structure.

  The ring R is preliminarily stored so that the radius of curvature of the shape memory alloy 1 becomes a predetermined value a, and is processed in advance so that the radius of curvature of the superelastic shape memory alloy 2 becomes a predetermined value b. In addition, it has a radius of curvature a ′ at the time of heating (at a high temperature), and a radius of curvature b ′ at a low temperature (not only during cooling by the Peltier element 3 but also during cooling including unheated). Designed to have.

  As the shape memory alloy 1, a Ti—Ni alloy is usually used, but any shape memory may be used as long as it has a shape memory and has a difference in elastic modulus between a low temperature and a high temperature (tiling).

  If the radius of curvature a, a ′, b, b ′ is designed so that a> a ′> b> b ′, the radius of the ring R increases at high temperatures and the radius of curvature a at high temperatures. A ring having a radius of curvature b at low temperatures (tiling) is obtained.

  On the other hand, if the radius of curvature a, a ′, b, b ′ is designed so that b> b ′> a ′> a, the ring R has a radius of curvature b ′ at low temperatures and high temperatures. Sometimes it becomes a ring with a radius of curvature a ′ (tiling).

  In order to heat and cool the ring R, a current in an appropriate direction may be supplied from the lead wire E shown in FIG.

  A ring R designed to have a large radius at a high temperature increases its radius when the Peltier element 3 is energized and the shape memory alloy 1 in the ring R is heated above its phase transformation temperature. When an object is in contact with the outer peripheral end surface of the ring R, the object is strongly pressed outward.

  The shape memory alloy 1 in the ring R is heated by applying a reverse polarity current to the Peltier element 3 while being heated outwardly at the phase transformation point temperature and strongly pressed outward on the outer peripheral end surface of the ring R. Is cooled below its phase transformation point temperature, the Young's modulus of the ring R is reduced and its rigidity is lowered, and the shape memory alloy 1 is restored to its original state by the elastic force of the superelastic shape memory alloy 2. That is, the pressing force that strongly pressed the object outward disappears due to the shape change of the shape memory alloy 1.

  On the other hand, when the ring R designed to have a small radius at low temperatures is energized to the Peltier element 3 and the shape memory alloy 1 in the ring R is heated to the phase transformation point temperature or higher, the radius When the object is in contact with the inner peripheral end surface of the ring R, the object is strongly tightened.

  In a state in which the object is strongly tightened at the outer peripheral end face of the ring R and heated to a temperature higher than the phase transformation point temperature, the Peltier element 3 is energized with a reverse polarity so that the shape memory alloy 1 in the ring R is When cooled below the transformation point temperature, the Young's modulus of the ring R decreases and its rigidity decreases, and the shape memory alloy 1 returns to its original state by the elastic force of the superelastic shape memory alloy 2. That is, the force that strongly tightened the object disappears due to the shape change of the shape memory alloy 1.

  If the shape memory alloy 1 side is heated by the Peltier element 3, the superelastic shape memory alloy 2 is cooled, and cold air accumulates in the superelastic shape memory alloy 2. That is, the superelastic shape memory alloy 2 acts as a heat mass. When the shape memory alloy 1 reaches the transformation point temperature, the shape memory alloy 1 functions as an actuator, and deforms the ring R into a shape stored in advance against the elastic force of the superelastic shape memory alloy 2.

  When the polarity of the current supplied to the Peltier element 3 is reversed, the shape memory alloy 1 side is cooled and the superelastic shape memory alloy 2 side is heated. At this time, since the superelastic shape memory alloy 2 has accumulated cold as a heat mass until then, the temperature rise rate of the superelastic shape memory alloy 2 is slow, and thereby heat generation to the superelastic shape memory alloy 2 side of the Peltier element 3 And the efficiency of the Peltier element 3 is improved.

  Since the temperature on the shape memory alloy 1 side at this time is higher than the temperature on the super elastic shape memory alloy 2 side, heat such as heat conduction from the shape memory alloy 1 side to the super elastic shape memory alloy 2 through the Peltier element 3 is performed. The movement occurs, and the temperature of the shape memory alloy 1 drops rapidly together with the cooling of the Peltier element 3. When the shape memory alloy 1 falls to the transformation point temperature, the rigidity of the shape memory alloy 1 until then disappears, and the elastic force of the super elastic shape memory alloy 2 cannot be resisted. The ring R is deformed to the original shape by the elastic force.

  By the way, in Patent Document 3, by appropriately selecting a Peltier element array and heating or cooling the shape memory alloy from the side surface, the first actuator portion performs bending motion and the second actuator portion performs rotational motion. Each is possible. The amount of heat generated by each Peltier element in the Peltier element array is small, and it is possible to reversibly deform the catheter as a medical device having a very small diameter. Insufficient heat capacity for a ring large enough for an operator to move in and out of the contaminated area.

  The catheter has a cylindrical shape with a circular cross section and is long in the axial direction, and it is physically impossible to enlarge or reduce the diameter of the cylinder in the central axis direction (the ring R of the present invention has a notch L). have).

  In Patent Document 4, the shape memory alloy and a plurality of shape memory alloys arranged in the longitudinal direction of the shape memory alloy are alternately arranged in the motion element having a rectangular or cylindrical cross section so that heating or cooling is possible. The P-type Peltier element and the N-type Peltier element are provided on the P-type Peltier element, and by appropriately controlling the current supply direction to the P-type Peltier element and the N-type Peltier element, the moving element can be bent and returned quickly. It is possible to do. The amount of heat generated by each of these Peltier elements is small, and it is possible to reversibly deform a moving element as a medical device having a rectangular or cylindrical cross section. Moreover, even if these techniques are applied to a ring that is large enough for an operator who moves between a contaminated area and a non-contaminated area through protective clothing, a lack of heat capacity is obvious.

  The motion element has a rod shape whose cross section is rectangular or cylindrical and is long in the axial direction, and enlargement / reduction in the central axis direction of the rectangular or cylindrical shape is physically impossible.

  In addition, in paragraphs [0040] and [0041] of Patent Document 4, “In addition, a superelastic pipe or wire is inserted into the cylindrical shape memory alloy 31 and the restoring force of the pipe or wire is used. The shape before deformation may be restored. ”,“ Furthermore, a superelastic pipe or a pipe made of a polymer material is arranged outside the cylindrical shape memory alloy 31 to cover the Peltier element. It may be possible to restore the shape before deformation using the restoring force of the pipe. "However, in these arrangement structures, as a result, the superelastic pipe generates heat from the Peltier element. However, in the case of paragraph [0041], the heat from the Peltier element is conducted to the shape memory alloy 31 through the superelastic pipe, and the Peltier element directly stores the shape. The heat amount is not applied to the alloy 31 and the heat efficiency is poor. In the case of paragraph [0040], the heat amount from the Peltier element is directly applied to the shape memory alloy 31. The superelastic pipe is a heat mass. It does not play a role as. That is, a technique for actively using a superelastic pipe as a heat mass is not disclosed.

  The mechanism in which an operator enters and exits the protective clothing worn in the contaminated area according to the present invention from the non-contaminated area utilizes the ring R that reversibly deforms by heating and cooling, such as screws and bolts. The fasteners of the ring R are substantially not used, and heating and cooling can be rapidly reversed by reversing the energization polarity. By improving the reversible deformation speed of the ring R, the inside of the contaminated area and non-contaminated can be obtained. It enables rapid movement of workers to and from the area.

  FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a mechanism for an operator to enter / exit between a contaminated area and a non-contaminated area, and FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of an entrance / exit mechanism for an operator to enter / exit between a contaminated area and an uncontaminated area. ing.

  9 and 10, reference numeral 21 denotes a partition wall that separates a contaminated area from a non-contaminated area, 22 is a protective suit, 23 is a partition frame, and is attached to the partition wall 21 having a hole through which an operator can enter and exit. 24 is a protective clothing frame, which is attached around the opening of the protective clothing 22, 25 is a protective clothing side lid, and 26 is a non-contaminated side lid.

  11 and 12 are enlarged views of a portion Y of the configuration diagram of FIG. 10, and FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the mechanism of FIG.

  11 and 12, reference numeral 24 denotes the protective clothing frame described in FIGS. 9 and 10, and reference numerals 31 and 32 denote tapered annular convex portions connected to the protective clothing frame, respectively. 31 is a 1st cyclic | annular convex part, 32 is a 2nd cyclic | annular convex part. The first annular protrusion 31 protrudes toward the inside of the ring connected to the protective clothing frame 24 (in the center direction of the ring), and the second annular protrusion 32 has a smaller diameter than the first annular protrusion 31. And protrudes toward the outer side of the ring connected to the protective clothing frame 24 (the direction opposite to the center direction of the ring).

  Reference numeral 35 denotes an annular separator, and the annular separator 35 is provided between the two first annular protrusions 31 and the second annular protrusion 32 and protrudes toward the non-contamination zone. It is connected to the frame 24 and provided. The tip of the annular separator 35 is formed in a tapered shape that forms a triangle.

  A first ring R1 (a) is disposed between the outer peripheral surface of the annular separator 35 and the first annular protrusion 31 of the protective clothing frame 24, and the inner peripheral surface of the annular separator 35 A first ring R <b> 1 (b) is disposed between the second annular convex portion 32.

  An annular recess for fitting having a taper along the outer peripheral end surface of the first ring R1 (a), that is, a first annular recess (fitting recess) 33 is provided, and the inner periphery of the first ring R1 (b). A fitting annular recess having a taper along the end face, that is, a second annular recess (fitting recess) 34 is provided.

  The first annular recess 33 is engaged with the first annular protrusion 31, and the second annular recess 34 is engaged with the second annular protrusion 32.

  Reference numeral 26 denotes the non-contamination side cover described in FIGS. 9 and 10, and 36 and 37 denote tapered annular protrusions connected thereto. Reference numeral 36 denotes a first annular protrusion, and reference numeral 37 denotes a second annular protrusion. The first annular protrusion 36 protrudes toward the inside (in the center direction of the ring) of the ring connected to the non-contamination side lid 26, and the second annular protrusion 37 is smaller than the first annular protrusion 36. It has a diameter and protrudes toward the outer side of the ring connected to the non-contamination side lid 26 (the direction opposite to the center direction of the ring).

  Reference numeral 40 denotes an annular separator, and the annular separator 40 is formed between the two first annular projections 36 and the second annular projection 37 so as to protrude toward the contaminated area. 26 is provided in a row. The tip of the annular separator 40 is tapered.

  A second ring R2 (b) is disposed between the outer peripheral surface of the annular separator 40 and the first annular projection 36 of the annular separator 40, and the inner peripheral surface of the annular separator 40 A second ring R <b> 2 (a) is disposed between the second annular convex portion 37.

  An annular recess for fitting having a triangular taper along the outer peripheral end surface of the second ring R2 (b), that is, a first annular recess (fitting recess) 38 is provided, and the second ring R2 (a) is provided. An annular concave portion for fitting having a taper along the inner peripheral end surface, that is, a second annular concave portion (fitting concave portion) 39 is provided.

  The first annular recess 38 is fitted with the first annular projection 36, and the second annular recess 39 is fitted with the second annular projection 37.

  25 represents the protective clothing side cover described in FIGS. 9 and 10, and 41 and 42 represent annular convex portions having a taper connected thereto. 41 is a 1st cyclic | annular convex part, 42 is a 2nd cyclic | annular convex part. The first annular protrusion 41 protrudes on the side facing the contaminated area in the outer direction of the ring (in the direction opposite to the center direction of the ring) connected to the protective clothing side lid 25, The convex part 42 protrudes on the side facing the non-contaminated area in the outer side direction of the ring connected to the protective clothing side lid 25 (direction opposite to the center direction of the ring). The outer end head 43 of the protective clothing side lid 25 is formed in a tapered shape having a triangular shape.

  Reference numeral 23 denotes the partition frame described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10, and 45 and 46 denote annular convex portions having a taper connected thereto. 45 is a 1st annular convex part, 46 is a 2nd annular convex part. The first annular protrusion 45 protrudes toward the inner side of the ring connected to the partition frame 23 (in the center direction of the ring), and the second annular protrusion 46 is connected to the partition frame 23. It protrudes toward the inside of the ring (the direction of the center of the ring). The inner end head 47 of the partition wall frame 23 is formed in a triangular taper shape.

  Note that the first ring R1 (a) and the second ring R1 (b) described above each represent a ring whose radius is increased by heating, and the second ring R2 (a) and the first ring R2 (b). Are rings whose radius is reduced by heating.

  These first ring R1 (a), second ring R1 (b), second ring R2 (a) and first ring R2 (b) have the shape and structure shown in FIG. The current supply to the Peltier element 3 arranged in the ring R shown in FIG. 2 is performed from the lead wire E, and the heating and cooling are reversed by the current supply of polarity reversal.

  Here, FIG. 11 shows a state at a low temperature (including room temperature). In this case, the first ring R1 (a) is undeformed and has a small radius, and the first annular convex portion 31 and the first annular concave portion. 33 is not fitted. The second ring R1 (b) is also undeformed, has a small radius, and the second annular convex part 32 and the second annular concave part 34 are fitted.

  The second ring R2 (a) is undeformed and has a large radius, and the second annular convex portion 37 and the second annular concave portion 39 are not fitted. The first ring R2 (b) is also undeformed and has a large radius, and the first annular convex portion 36 and the first annular concave portion 38 are fitted.

  The first annular convex portion 41 is fitted into the second annular concave portion 34 of the second ring R 1 (b) of the protective clothing frame 24 together with the second annular convex portion 32 of the protective clothing frame 24. And the protective clothing side lid 25 are hermetically joined.

  The first annular convex portion 45 is not fitted, and the second annular convex portion 46 is in the first annular concave portion 38 of the first ring R2 (b) of the non-contamination side lid 26, and the first annular projection of the non-contamination side lid 26. It fits together with the convex part 36, and the partition frame 23 and the non-contamination side lid | cover 26 are airtightly joined.

  FIG. 12 shows a state at high temperature (during heating). In this case, the first ring R1 (a) is deformed, the radius thereof is enlarged, and the first annular convex portion 31 and the first annular concave portion 33 are fitted. The second ring R1 (b) is also deformed, the radius thereof is enlarged, and the second annular convex portion 32 and the second annular concave portion 34 are not fitted.

  Further, the second ring R2 (a) is deformed, the radius thereof is reduced, and the second annular convex portion 37 and the second annular concave portion 39 are fitted. The first ring R2 (b) is also deformed, the radius thereof is reduced, and the first annular convex portion 36 and the first annular concave portion 38 are not fitted.

  Further, the first annular convex portion 41 is detached from the second annular concave portion 34 of the protective clothing frame 24, while the second annular convex portion 42 is a second annular shape of the second ring R <b> 2 (a) of the non-contamination side lid 26. The non-contamination side lid 26 and the protective clothing side lid 25 are airtightly joined to the recess 39.

  Further, the first annular convex portion 45 of the partition wall frame 23 is fitted into the first annular concave portion 33 of the first ring R1 (a) of the protective clothing frame 24 together with the first annular convex portion 31 of the protective clothing frame 24, The frame 23 and the protective clothing frame 24 are airtightly joined.

  As described above, when the protective clothing frame 24 located in the contaminated area is airtightly joined to the protective clothing side lid 25 and the non-contaminated side lid 26 is airtightly joined to the partition wall frame 23 (FIG. 11), Even if the protective clothing frame 24 is removed, the contaminated area can be completely blocked from the non-contaminated area. In this case, since the opening of the protective clothing is hermetically sealed by the protective clothing side lid 25 joined to the protective clothing frame 24 and the inside of the protective clothing 22 is not contaminated, the worker works in this state. be able to.

  In addition, the protective clothing frame 24 located in the contaminated area is airtightly joined to the bulkhead frame 23 connected to the bulkhead 21, and the protective clothing side lid 25 and the non-contaminated side lid 26 are joined airtightly. When it is to be caused (FIG. 12), even if the non-contaminated side lid 26 and the protective clothing side lid 25 are detached from the partition wall frame 23 and the protective clothing frame 24, the contaminated area is completely blocked from the non-contaminated area.

  In this case, since the opening H (FIG. 13) of the protective clothing frame 24 is exposed to the non-contaminated area, the operator can enter and leave the protective clothing through the opening H. After the worker enters the protective clothing 22 through the opening H, the protective clothing side lid 25 is joined to the protective clothing frame 24 attached to the protective clothing 22 as shown in FIG. The non-contamination side lid 26 is joined to the partition wall frame 23.

  In this case, since the protective clothing side lid 25 is detached from the partition wall frame 23 and the non-contaminated side lid 26, the operator wears the protective clothing 22 sealed by the protective clothing side lid 25. You can work freely.

  Even with a Peltier element with a small calorific value, it is possible to expand and reduce the diameter of a ring with a large diameter. It becomes a ring capable of diameter.

  By using this ring, workers who are likely to be contaminated by radiation will move in and out of the non-contaminated area from the non-contaminated area to the protective clothing located in the contaminated area. The operator can enter and exit quickly and safely with a simple operation that does not require the use of screws and switches the polarity of the current flowing through the ring R.

It is explanatory drawing about one Example of the ring of this invention. It is a basic layout in the place where a Peltier device is arranged on the ring of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional structural view of an embodiment of a portion where a Peltier element is disposed on a ring. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional structural view of another embodiment of a portion where a Peltier element is disposed on a ring. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional structural view of another embodiment of a portion where a Peltier element is disposed on a ring. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional structural view of another embodiment of a portion where a Peltier element is disposed on a ring. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional structural view of another embodiment of a portion where a Peltier element is disposed on a ring. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional structural view of another embodiment of a portion where a Peltier element is disposed on a ring. It is explanatory drawing of the mechanism in which an operator enters / exits between a contaminated area and a non-contaminated area. It is an entrance / exit mechanism block diagram when an operator enters / exits between a contaminated area and a non-contaminated area. It is an enlarged view of the part Y (at the time of low temperature) of the block diagram of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the part Y (at the time of high temperature) of the block diagram of FIG. It is a perspective view of the structure of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Shape memory alloy 2,15 Elastic body (super elastic shape memory alloy)
3 Peltier elements (thermoelectric conversion elements)
4 Fixing Bridge 21 Bulkhead 22 Protective Clothing 23 Bulkhead Frame 24 Protective Clothing Frame 25 Protective Clothing Side Cover 26 Non-contamination Side Cover

Claims (7)

In a ring that has a part of the notch and is capable of reversible shape change that changes its shape according to temperature changes due to heating and cooling,
Having a shape memory alloy along the circumferential direction of the ring,
Having an elastic body disposed along the circumferential direction of the ring;
Having a thermoelectric conversion element that can be switched between heating and cooling between the shape memory alloy and the elastic body, and the elastic body constitutes a heat mass of the thermoelectric conversion element;
The shape memory alloy has its radius of curvature increased or decreased by heating,
The shape memory alloy is preliminarily stored so that the radius of curvature thereof is a predetermined value a;
The elastic body is processed in advance so that the radius of curvature is a predetermined value b,
The radius of curvature of the composite of the shape memory alloy, the elastic body, and the thermoelectric conversion element is a ′ at a high temperature and b ′ at a low temperature.
a, a ′, b, and b ′ have a relationship of a> a ′> b ′> b or a relationship of b> b ′> a ′> a, and thermoelectric conversion during cooling A ring capable of reversible shape change characterized in that the reverse deformation speed of the ring is improved by reinforcing the amount of heat generated by the element with the amount of heat accumulated in an elastic body constituting the heat mass.   The ring has a concave portion for fitting along its outer peripheral end surface, and is formed of a molding material. When the ring is heated to a shape memory alloy based on a thermoelectric conversion element, the shape of the ring is changed so as to increase its radius of curvature. The ring capable of reversible shape change according to claim 1, wherein the reverse deformation speed of the ring is improved by cooling to a shape memory alloy based on a thermoelectric conversion element.   The ring has a concave portion for fitting along its outer peripheral end surface, and is formed of a molding material. When the ring is heated to a shape memory alloy based on a thermoelectric conversion element, the shape of the ring is changed to reduce its radius of curvature. The ring capable of reversible shape change according to claim 1, wherein the reverse deformation speed of the ring is improved by cooling to a shape memory alloy based on a thermoelectric conversion element.   The ring has a concave portion for fitting along its inner peripheral end surface, and is formed of a molding material. The shape of the ring is changed by heating to a shape memory alloy based on a thermoelectric conversion element so as to increase its radius of curvature. 2. The ring capable of reversible shape change according to claim 1, wherein the ring has a reverse deformation rate improved by cooling to a shape memory alloy based on a thermoelectric conversion element.   The ring is formed of a molding material having a recess for fitting along its inner peripheral end face, and changes its shape so as to reduce its radius of curvature by heating to a shape memory alloy based on a thermoelectric conversion element. 2. The ring capable of reversible shape change according to claim 1, wherein the ring has a reverse deformation rate improved by cooling to a shape memory alloy based on a thermoelectric conversion element. In protective clothing for protection against radioactive contamination with an opening through which workers enter and exit,
A protective clothing frame connected to the opening, and a protective clothing side lid is detachably attached to the protective clothing frame;
The protection for radioactive contamination protection, wherein the ring capable of reversible shape change according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used as a joining means between the protective clothing frame and the protective clothing side lid. clothes. In an entrance / exit mechanism in which an operator enters and exits a non-contaminated area in protective clothing for protecting against radioactive contamination worn in a contaminated area,
An annular partition frame 23 disposed along the periphery of a circular entrance / exit formed in the partition wall 21 that partitions the contaminated area and the non-contaminated area;
A protective clothing frame 24 having a diameter larger than the entrance opening and located in the contaminated area;
A non-contaminated side lid 26 having a diameter larger than the entrance opening and located in a non-contaminated area;
Protective clothing side lid 25 having a smaller diameter than the entrance opening
With
The partition frame 23 has a first annular protrusion 45 projecting toward the center of the ring continuously provided on the partition frame 23 on the side facing the contaminated area, and the side facing the non-contaminated area. And a second annular projection 46 projecting toward the center of the ring connected to the partition wall frame 23,
The protective clothing frame 24 has a first annular convex portion 31 projecting toward the center of the ring connected to the protective clothing frame 24 and a first annular convex portion 31 on the side toward the non-contaminated area. A second annular projection 32 having a smaller diameter and projecting toward the outer side of the ring connected to the protective clothing frame 24, and the two first annular projections 31 and the second annular projection 32, an annular separator 35 protruding toward the non-contamination zone is disposed, and the outer peripheral surface of the annular separator 35 and the first annular protrusion 31 of the protective clothing frame 24 Between the inner peripheral surface of the annular separator 35 and the second annular convex portion 32, a first ring R1 (a) having a fitting recess 33 is disposed along the outer peripheral end surface. A second ring R1 (b) having a fitting recess 34 along the inner peripheral end surface is disposed,
The non-contaminated side lid 26 includes a first annular convex portion 36 projecting toward the center of the ring connected to the non-contaminated side lid 26 on the side facing the contaminated area, and a first annular convex portion. A second annular projection 37 having a diameter smaller than 36 and projecting toward the outer side of the ring connected to the non-contamination side lid 26, and the two first annular projections 36 and the second annular projection An annular separator 40 that protrudes toward the contaminated area is disposed between the portion 37 and the outer peripheral end surface between the outer peripheral surface of the annular separator 40 and the first annular convex portion 36. A first ring R2 (b) having a fitting recess 38 is disposed along the inner circumferential end surface between the inner circumferential surface of the annular separator 40 and the second annular projection 37. A second ring R2 (a) having a fitting recess 39 is disposed;
The protective clothing side lid 25 has a first annular convex portion 41 projecting outward from the ring connected to the protective clothing side lid 25 on the side facing the contaminated area, and facing the non-contaminated area. A second annular convex portion 42 projecting in the outer direction of the ring connected to the protective clothing side lid 25 is provided on the side to be protected;
The protective clothing frame 24 is connected to an opening through which an operator of the protective clothing 22 for protecting against radioactive contamination enters and exits.
The first ring R1 (a) arranged in the protective clothing frame 24 is a ring capable of reversible shape change according to claim 2, and the second ring R1 (b) is described in claim 4. On the other hand, the first ring R2 (b) disposed on the non-contamination side lid 26 is a ring capable of reversible shape change according to claim 3. The second ring R <b> 2 (a) is a ring capable of reversible shape change according to claim 5.

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