JP2007247327A - Replacement member for construction of underground structure, underground structure, and its construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a supporting member for replacement which makes a lining element itself rationally thinner, and an underground structure using the supporting member. <P>SOLUTION: This replacement member for the construction of the underground structure which is used in the construction of the hollow underground structure is arranged in such a manner as to be connected to the rear part of an approximately rectangular leading pipe for holding an excavator and substituted for the leading pipe. The replacement member 23 is characterized by comprising the low-profile lining element 3, and a temporary support member 14 for supporting the lining element 3 so as to be approximately identical with the cross-sectional outside shape of the approximately rectangular leading pipe. In a construction method for the underground structure, the replacement member 23 is used and jacked into the ground so as to be substituted for the approximately rectangular leading pipe. The lining element 3 for the replacement member 23 for the construction of the underground structure is used in the underground structure. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a replacement member for building an underground structure used when building an underground structure such as a tunnel, a human road, and a dark shade, an underground structure, and a construction method thereof.

  Conventionally, as a method for constructing underground structures such as tunnels, human roads, and dark walls, a PCR method (prestressed concrete roof) in which a large number of narrow prestressed concrete members are arranged on the ceiling, side walls, or floor. Construction methods for underground structures such as construction methods), URT construction methods (Under Rail Way / Road Tunneling), or HEP & JES (Hight Speed Element Pull & Jointed Element Structure Method) construction methods are known (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). reference).

  In addition, in order to form the underground structure so far, a certain size of excavation device was provided in front of the excavation, and the size of the lining element that forms the underground structure was determined in accordance with the size of the excavation device. .

  In the case of the conventional construction method, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, it has a cutter 8 for excavation at the tip portion and an auger 9 at the rear portion thereof. The excavation tip pipe 10 is provided in front of the excavation traveling direction, and a steel tip conduit 11 is sequentially connected in series to the rear portion thereof, and is made of a narrow-width precast so as to substantially match the size of the outer shape of the steel tip conduit 11. A lining element 3a made of a prestressed concrete member is connected, and a propulsion device 12 is engaged with the rear portion of the lining element 3a to propel the lining element 3a. As shown in FIG. After laying from the starting shaft 17 to the reaching shaft 18 by the leading conduit 11, the lining element 3a is connected to the starting shaft 17 for propulsion, and then, as shown in FIG. After replacing the starting shaft 17 to the reaching shaft 18 and integrating them, as shown in FIG. 13 (c), the ground on the inner side is excavated, and the underground structure 1 as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 is obtained. Was building.

  Further, in the above-mentioned case, a guide member such as a pair of angle members is provided on the side portion of the steel leading conduit 11, so that the lining element 3a is engaged with the guide member as shown in FIG. As described above, the lining element 3a is provided with a guide member 7 such as a pair of angle members continuously spaced in the vertical direction and continuously in the longitudinal direction of the member. I try to secure it. In the above case, when the guide members 7 are engaged with each other, the cover element 3a is divided into the guide member upper joint portion 6a, the guide member joint portion 6b, and the guide member lower joint portion 6c. There is also a problem in that it is necessary to perform a work of filling a curable filler such as mortar with each of the divided joint portions 6a to 6c by washing with a water jet and sucking and discharging earth and sand.

  In addition, a steel reference pipe 2 having a rectangular cross section is embedded in the corner portion of the underground structure 1, and a large number of precast lining elements 3 a are interposed between the reference pipes 2 in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. They are arranged side by side and embedded.

Further, when the underground structure 1 is constructed by arranging the covering elements 3a on the ceiling part and the side wall part in a rectangular shape, for the purpose of reducing the amount of excavation of the excavated sediment on the inner space side of the underground structure 1 is illustrated. Although the work element on the excavation work side is detachable from the steel hollow lining element main body and is provided so as to protrude largely to the inner air side, and press-fitted into the ground, the work element After excavating the inside of the steel, the working element is removed from the steel hollow lining element body to reduce the amount of excavated earth and sand. It is known (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
However, in this case, after the steel hollow lining element is first arranged entirely, the steel hollow lining element is filled with concrete, and the steel hollow lining element itself is thinned. Is not suggested or disclosed.
JP 2004-68255 A JP 2004-360371 A

As described above, in order to form an underground structure so far, a drilling device of a certain size is provided in front of the drilling device, and the underground structure is sized to match the front outer shape of the drilling device. The size of the front shape of the lining element to be formed is determined, and in order to further reduce the amount of excavation, in the conventional invention, the lining is performed in order to reduce the amount of excavated soil in the internal section of the underground structure. It has been proposed that a working element such as a hollow is detachably fixed to the inner space of the element.
Although it is known to reduce the amount of excavated soil by excavating and discharging the inner air side by providing the working element from the inner air side of the lining element, the lining element itself is made into a thin member. Until then, it is not considered.

  Although the construction cost of the underground structure can be further reduced by the construction method in which the working element is provided on the inner space side as described above, a structure and construction method for further reducing the construction cost of the underground structure are desired.

  The present invention provides a replacement member for building an underground structure, an underground structure, and its construction method capable of reducing the lining element itself reasonably thinly and reducing the construction cost of a further underground structure. The purpose is to do.

In order to advantageously solve the above-described problem, the replacement member for constructing an underground structure according to the first aspect of the present invention is used when constructing a hollow underground structure and is connected at the rear or rear of the excavator. In the replacement member for constructing an underground structure placed in the ground, the replacement member is supported by the thin lining element so as to be substantially the same as the outer shape of the outer section of the substantially square excavator. It is comprised by the temporary support member to do.
In the replacement member for constructing an underground structure according to the second invention, the underground structure is used when constructing a hollow underground structure, and is connected in the rear or rear of the excavator and arranged in the ground. In the replacement member for use in the underground structure, the replacement member is substantially the same as the outer shape of the cross-sectional outer side of the substantially square excavator. And it is comprised by each temporary support member arrange | positioned on each of the back surface on the opposite side, and supporting the said thin type | mold covering element.
In the third invention, in the replacement member for constructing an underground structure according to the first or second invention, the cross-sectional outer shape of the temporary support member is a cross-section of the thin lining element required from the outer shape of the substantially square excavator. It is characterized by the outer shape excluding the shape.
In the fourth invention, in the replacement member for constructing an underground structure according to any one of the first to third inventions, the cross-sectional shape of the thin lining element is such that the lower surface on the inner side in the radial direction and the outer side in the radial direction It is characterized by being an inclined surface for forming an arcuate shape or a polygonal arch for forming an arch on the outer surface.
In the fifth invention, in the replacement member for constructing an underground structure according to any one of the first invention to the fourth invention, guide members of the temporary support members adjacent to both sides of the temporary support member for supporting the thin lining element. And a guide member that holds the space between the thin lining elements.
In the construction method of the underground structure of the sixth invention, the front part of the replacement member for constructing the underground structure of any one of the first to fifth inventions is fixed so as not to be separated at the rear part or the rear part of the excavator. The replacement member is propelled to the ground in a state where the rear portion of the replacement member is fixed so as not to be separated from the propulsion unit.
In the underground structure of the seventh invention, the replacement member for constructing the underground structure of any one of the first to fifth inventions is used.

According to the first invention, in the replacement member for constructing an underground structure connected in the rear or rear of the excavator and disposed in the ground, the replacement member is substantially the same as the outer cross-sectional outer shape of the substantially square excavator. Since it is composed of a thin lining element and a temporary support member that supports the thin lining element so that it will be the same, when constructing an underground structure, it will fit in the cross-sectional outer shape of the rear part of a roughly square excavator However, it is possible to use a thin lining element, and it is not necessary to increase the size to match the cross-sectional shape of the rear part of the substantially square tip conduit, so that an inexpensive thin lining element is used. Since an underground structure can be constructed, an inexpensive underground structure can be constructed.
According to the second invention, the cross-sectional shape of the thin lining element is made parallel to the cross-sectional shape of the underground structure, and the inner surface of the tunnel (underground structure) radial direction and the back surface on the opposite side are parallel to each other. Or a reasonable cross-sectional shape close to the ideal arch shape of the ceiling, side wall, or floor of the underground structure.
According to the third invention, the cross-sectional outer shape of the temporary support member is an outer shape in a state in which the required cross-sectional shape of the thin lining element is removed from the outer shape of the substantially square excavator. In the outer shape of the excavator, the position of the thin lining element should be set and the remaining portion should be the sectional shape of the temporary bearing member, so the degree of freedom of the sectional shape of the thin lining element and temporary bearing member Will improve.
According to the fourth invention, the cross-sectional shape of the thin lining element is for forming an arcuate or polygonal arch for forming an arch on the lower surface on the radially inner side and the outer surface on the outer side of the radial diamond. Since it is an inclined surface, the cross section of the ceiling or side wall or floor of the underground structure can be made into a reasonable rational cross-sectional shape, and the inner space of the underground structure can be made into a substantially square tip conduit. Compared to the conventional case where an underground structure is constructed by installing a thick lining element having an outer shape of substantially the same cross section at the rear, the space on the inner air side can be made larger.
According to the fifth aspect of the invention, the guide members that engage the guide members of the adjacent temporary support members on both sides of the temporary support member that supports the thin covering elements and maintain the distance between the thin covering elements. Therefore, the guide member of the temporary support member can be used to maintain the interval between the adjacent thin cover elements, and there is no need to provide guide members for the thin cover elements. The cross-sectional shape of the engineering element can be simplified.
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the replacement member is propelled to the ground in a state where the excavator is fixed so as not to be separated at the rear or rear and the rear portion of the replacement member is fixed so as not to be separated from the propulsion unit. Simply by inserting a thin lining element into the ground at the rear end of a substantially square excavator or the rear end of a leading conduit following the excavator. In addition, an underground structure having a reasonable cross section can be easily constructed on the ceiling, side wall, or floor.
According to the underground structure of the seventh invention, since the lining element in the replacement member for constructing the underground structure of any one of the first to fifth inventions is used, the interior of the underground structure Since the space can be made wider than in the conventional case and a thin and inexpensive lining element can be used, an inexpensive underground structure can be constructed accordingly.

    Next, the present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiment.

  First, with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the structure of the replacement member 23 provided with the temporary support member 14 of one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

  The replacement member 23 including the temporary support member 14 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a temporary support member 14 disposed on the inner side of the tunnel, and a precast concrete lining element 3 supported by the temporary support member 14. And a belt-like spacer 24 described later interposed between them as necessary.

  The temporary support member 14 is arranged on the outer side of the side plates facing each other at a distance, and is arranged continuously in the longitudinal direction of the member so that one side of the pair of L-shaped steel materials faces each other at a distance, and is fixed by welding or the like. The female guide member 7 is provided on one side, and the male guide member 7 is provided on the other side plate. In a state where the female and male guide members 7 are fitted to each other, a slight loose fitting state is achieved, and the temporary support member 14 is bent toward the inner space later to disengage the guide members 7 from each other. Can be removed.

  A widthwise base end side edge portion of a strip-like partition plate 25 made of a steel plate or the like is brought into contact with one side portion of the outer surface plate on the outer side in the tunnel radial direction of the temporary support member 14 and is detachably attached by a bolt 26. Yes. The other side edge of the band-shaped partition plate 25 is brought into contact with the other side edge of the outer surface plate of the adjacent temporary support member 14, and the other side edge portion of the band-shaped partition plate 25 is detachably attached by a bolt 26. It has been.

  Further, since the band-shaped partition plate 25 is provided, a stepped portion is formed on the outer surface plate of the temporary support member 14, so that the space between the band-shaped partition plates 25, that is, the outer side of the temporary support member 14 outside the tunnel radial direction. A steel strip spacer 24 is arranged in the middle of the width direction of the face plate so as to extend in the longitudinal direction of the member, and the outer face of the strip partition 25 and the outer face of the strip spacer 24 are It is comprised so that it may become substantially the same level. Alternatively, the outer surface of the strip-shaped spacer 24 is configured to be slightly outside the outer surface of the strip-shaped partition plate 25 in the tunnel radial direction so that a large external force does not act on the strip-shaped partition plate 25. ing.

  The lining element 3 is placed or abutted on the outside of the temporary support member 14 via a band plate-like spacer 24, and the temporary support member 14 and the lining element 3 are arranged at both ends of the member in the longitudinal direction of the member. Bundled and integrated by 22 etc. In order to prevent the band 22 from projecting, it is preferable that the temporary support member 14 and the covering element 3 are provided with recesses and the guide member 7 is provided with a band insertion hole.

  The total dimension of the height dimension of the temporary support member 14, the thickness dimension of the strip-like spacer 24, and the thickness dimension of the lining element 3 is set so as to be approximately the height dimension of the steel tip conduit 11. In addition, the width dimension of the temporary support member 14 and the width dimension of the lining element 3 are set to be substantially the width dimension of the steel tip conduit 11. Accordingly, the replacement member 23 can be easily set in the receiving portion 20 at the rear end portion of the rearmost steel leading conduit 11.

  The purpose of providing the strip-shaped partition plate 25 is to allow the joint portion 6 to be only outside the temporary support member 14, to allow the joint portion 6 to be cleaned only between the covering elements 3 and to suck and discharge the earth and sand. This is because the joint 6 between the lining elements 3 can be filled with the curable filler 4, the amount of the curable filler 4 such as mortar is reduced, and the workability and construction cost are reduced.

  Also, on the outer surface side of the tunneling element 3 in the radial direction of the tunnel, one end of the steel strip joint plate 27 is detachably attached to one side in the width direction of one of the covering elements 3 with a bolt or the like, The other side edge of the strip-shaped joint plate 27 is brought close to or in contact with the outer surface of the adjacent lining element 3 so that the joint portion 6 between the lining elements 3 covers the strip-shaped partition plate 25 and the strip-shaped joint plate 27. It is made to be blocked in a cylindrical shape from between the side surfaces of the work element 3. Therefore, it is configured that the joint portion 6 only between the lining elements 3 can be cleaned and the earth and sand can be sucked and removed by the water jet from the start side shaft or recess side or from the arrival side shaft or recess side. . Note that a female screw member for screwing the bolt at an appropriate interval is embedded and fixed to one side in the width direction of one lining element 3.

  As described above, it is only necessary to clean and remove the joint portion 6 between the lining elements 3, and therefore, the filling operation of the curable filler to be filled in the joint portion 6 may be performed only on the joint portion 6. The filling amount of the conductive filler 4 can be remarkably reduced. The lining element 3 is provided with PC steel material insertion holes for lateral fastening penetrating in the left-right direction with a gap therebetween.

  Next, the underground structure 1 in a state in which the temporary support member 14 is removed using the replacement member 23 for constructing the underground structure as described above will be described later with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 4 shows an underground structure 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The corners of the four corners of the underground structure 1 are internally square reinforced by reinforcing ribs (not shown). A reference pipe 2 having a steel pipe main body is provided, and a large number of precast products having dimensions smaller than the vertical dimension of the reference pipe 2 are provided between adjacent reference pipes 2 at intervals in the ceiling portion and the floor portion. The lining element 3 is disposed at a position displaced outward in the radial direction of the tunnel, and after washing each joint portion 6 and sucking and discharging the earth and sand, one reference pipe 2 and a number of parallel lining elements 3 and the other A PC steel material 5 for lateral fastening such as a PC cable is inserted and arranged across the reference pipe 2, and a joint portion 6 between the reference pipe 2 and the lining element 3 and a joint portion 6 between the lining elements 3 are arranged. Filled with filler 4 such as mortar, and the PC steel There are fixed under tension to the inner side of the reference tube 2, it is integrated. In addition, when the curable filler 4 such as mortar is filled between the reference pipe 2 and the lining element 3, the PC steel material insertion duct is formed on the joint portion 6 in advance as needed. Material 4 is filled.

  Similarly, between the adjacent reference pipes 2 at intervals in the side wall portions, a number of precast thin lining elements 3 that are thinner than the lateral dimension of the reference pipe 2 are vertically arranged in parallel, and The joints 6 are disposed on the outer side in the radial direction of the tunnel at an eccentric position, and the joints 6 between the reference pipe 2 and the covering element 3 and the joints 6 between the covering elements 3 are cleaned. After the earth and sand are sucked and discharged, PC steel materials 5 for vertical fastening such as PC cables are inserted and arranged across one reference pipe 2, a large number of parallel lining elements 3 and the other reference pipe 2, and then each joint The portion 6 is filled with a filler 4 such as mortar, and a PC steel material 5 for vertical fastening such as a PC cable is inserted and arranged across one reference pipe 2, the lining element 3 and the other reference pipe 2, The PC steel material 5 is fixed and integrated inside the reference tube 2 in a tension state. The In the same manner as described above, when a curable filler 4 such as mortar is filled between the reference pipe 2 and the lining element 3, a vertically tightened PC steel material insertion duct is formed in the joint portion 6 in advance.

  Each of the reference pipes 2 includes a pair of guide members extending in the longitudinal direction of the member at a position eccentric to the inner air side of each piece from the inner air side adjacent at right angles in the underground structure 1. 7, a filler 4 such as mortar is appropriately filled between the inner surface covered reference tube 2 and the lining element 3, and the reference tube is subjected to a decorative finish and covered.

  Next, a method for constructing the underground structure 1 as described above will be described.

  In the case of the present invention, there are the same parts as in the conventional case. First, as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (e), a cutting cutter 8 is provided at the front end and an auger 9 is provided at the rear thereof. The point that the excavation tip pipe 10 which is square and has a narrow and constant size excavation device is provided in the front of the excavation traveling direction, and the steel tip conduit 11 is sequentially connected in series to the rear portion is the same. .

  Then, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the ground 13 is submerged while being sequentially propelled by the propulsion device 12 having a pressing jack or the like so as to start from the start side shaft to the destination shaft. Moreover, the point that the steel reference pipe 2 located in the corner portion and the steel tip conduit 11 therebetween are arranged in a rectangular shape along the contour of the underground structure 1 is also the same. However, the difference is that the pair of guide members 7 provided on the steel reference pipe 2 and the steel tip conduit 11 adjacent thereto are provided at positions displaced toward the inner space of the underground structure 1. ing.

  The reason for providing the pair of guide members 7 in the steel reference pipe 2 and the steel tip conduit 11 adjacent to the steel reference pipe 11 at a position displaced toward the inner space of the underground structure 1 One or a plurality of steel hollows to be replaced after the steel tip conduit 11 is replaced by a replacement member that replaces the steel tip conduit 11 on the inner air side of the underground structure 1. This is because it is constituted by the temporary support member 14 and a plurality of thin lining elements 3 that are located outside the temporary support member 14 and constitute the main body portion of the underground structure 1.

  The mounting position of the guide member 7 provided in the steel tip conduit 11 located between the steel tip conduits 11 may be provided at a position displaced toward the inner side as described above, or conventionally. Similarly to the above, the steel tip conduit 11 may be provided at a symmetrical position around the central axis.

  The guide member 7 is a female guide member 7 installed so that one side of a pair of angle members faces inward with a gap, and one side of a pair of angle members faces outward with a gap. It is comprised by either of the male type guide members installed so that it may do.

  The temporary support member 14 and the lining element 3 are shown in FIG. 1 (b) in a state where the outer peripheral surface of the front end portion and the outer peripheral surface of the rear end portion are temporarily bound and integrated by a band 22 or the like. As shown in FIG. 5, the steel shaft is inserted between the upper plate 15 and the lower plate 16 at the rear end of a number of steel leading conduits 11 and is temporarily fixed with bolts or the like so as to be detachable as appropriate. Promoted.

  In addition, the steel tip conduits 11 adjacent to each other in series from the starting shaft to the reaching shaft, or between the steel tip conduit 11 and the temporary support member 14 or between the temporary support members 14 are shown in FIG. As shown, it may be temporarily fixed by welding.

  Temporary fixing of the rear end portion of the steel leading pipe 11 and the front end portion of the covering element 3 and temporary binding of the temporary support member 14 and the front end portion and the rear end portion of the covering element 3 are the start shaft 17 and the reaching shaft. After the lining element 3 is propelled and arranged over the steel leading pipe 11 over 18 and positioned in the starting shaft 17 and the reaching shaft 18, the temporary binding by the band 22 or the like is released.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the steel temporary support member 14 is formed by connecting a plurality of divided narrow temporary support members 14 with a guide member 7 also serving as a joint. Then, during excavation of the underground structure 1 on the inner space side, the temporary support member 14 is easily displaced toward the inner space due to the gap between the guide members 7, and the temporary support member 14 can be easily disassembled and removed.
On both sides of the temporary support member 14, there are provided female or male guide members 7 that are spaced in the vertical direction and extend in the front-rear direction. One side of the pair of steel L-shaped angles is fixed to both side portions of the temporary support member 14 with a gap therebetween to form a female or male guide member 7.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (e), a temporary support member 14a with a cover element as shown in FIG. 1 (d) is formed by temporarily binding a temporary support member 14 to the cover element 3 as shown in FIG. Further, the front end portion of the temporary support member 14a with a lining element is fitted and disposed in the receiving portion 20 at the rear end portion of the steel leading conduit 11, and can be detached from the upper and lower outer sides of the receiving portion 20 as necessary. A special bolt is screwed and fixed to the covering element 3 in the supporting member 14a with the covering element or the female thread portion (not shown) of the temporary supporting member 14. Moreover, the lining elements 3 adjacent in series from the starting pit in the direction of the reaching pit are mutually inserted into a PC steel material insertion hole 5b (see FIG. 2) provided so as to penetrate the lining element 3. Further, the lining elements 3 can be integrated in the series direction by the coupler 19.

  And as shown in FIG.1 (e), in the state which has arrange | positioned bearing members, such as a cap for bearings, to the rear-end part of the bearing member 14a with a lining element, the propulsion device 12 on the start shaft side pushes and propels it, The entire steel tip conduit 11 laid in front of the steel reference pipe 2 on the ceiling is replaced with the temporary support member 14a with the lining element (see FIGS. 6a and 6b).

Similarly, as shown in FIG. 4, the leading conduit 11 between the steel reference pipes 2 of the side wall portion and the floor slab portion is similarly replaced with a temporary support member 14a with a covering element, and the steel reference of each corner portion is replaced. The pipe 2 and the joint portion 6 between the lining elements 3 and the space between the lining elements 3 are washed with a water jet and vacuum-sucked and discharged, and one of the horizontal reference pipes 2 in the ceiling portion and the floor plate portion A PC steel material 5 for lateral fastening such as a PC cable is inserted through the lining element 3 and the other reference pipe 2.
In the above case, after propelling the steel tip conduit 11 of the ceiling portion, this is replaced with the temporary bearing member 14a with a lining element, and then the steel tip conduit 11 of the side wall portion is propelled, After replacing the temporary support member 14a with the lining element, and then propelling the steel tip conduit 11 of the floor slab part, after replacing it with the temporary support member 14a with the lining element, the joint portion 6 is cleaned. It may be.

In addition, a vertical fastening PC steel material 5 such as a PC cable is inserted and arranged across one reference pipe 2 in the vertical direction, the lining element 3 and the other reference pipe 2 in each side wall. Next, as shown in FIG. 4, a steel reference pipe 2 at each corner of the left and right ends of the ceiling and floor slab, and a filler 4 such as mortar between the lining elements 3 and between the lining elements 3. Fill.
Similarly, a filler 4 such as mortar is filled in the steel reference pipes 2 at the corners at the upper and lower ends of the side wall and the joints 6 between the lining elements 3.

  After the filler 4 of each joint portion 6 is hardened, the laterally tightened PC steel material 5 and the vertically tightened PC steel material 5 are tensioned and fixed, and the reference pipe 2 and the lining element 3 are integrated in the ceiling portion, the floor slab portion, and the side wall portion. The underground structure housing 21 with temporary support members is constructed.

  Then, the hollow part is formed by excavating the inner part of the underground structure housing 21 with the temporary support member. At this time, a support work for temporarily receiving the temporary support member 14 is appropriately installed as necessary. Further, the mutual engagement between the guide member 7 and the reference tube 2 and the temporary support member 14 is released.

  As a means for releasing the engagement of the guide member 7 between the guide member 7 and the steel reference pipe 2 in the temporary support member 14, a band of the temporary support member 14 on the starting shaft side and the reaching shaft side and the covering element 3, etc. When the inner binding is released, the temporary support member 14 bends toward the inner space, so that the temporary locking member 14 is released from the engagement by the guide member 7, and the underground structure 1 Build up.

  As described above, the temporary support member 14 is removed by bending the ceiling portion, floor portion, or entire side wall portion so as to draw the temporary support member 14 closer to the center of the inner space, or by pulling it back to the start shaft side. Then, the underground structure 1 is constructed.

  The inner surface of the underground structure 1 constructed as described above is appropriately decorated to construct the underground structure 1.

  In addition, when the underground structure 1 to be constructed constructs the tunnel-shaped underground structure 1 having a circular cross section shown in FIG. 8, as shown in FIG. 7, there is a side plate inclined toward the tunnel center. Then, the steel tip conduit 11 and the temporary support member 14 having arcuate shapes on the inner and outer sides in the tunnel radial direction are propelled and arranged at equal angular intervals along the circumferential trajectory. A tunnel-shaped underground structure 1 as shown in FIG.

  In the case of the underground structure 1 in the form of a circular tunnel as described above, the PC steel material may be inserted and arranged so as to partially overlap the entire circumference of the lining element 3 to fix the tension.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 9, the ceiling part etc. of the tunnel-shaped underground structure 1 is made into an arch shape, so that the ceiling part can be formed using a thin lining element 3 more dynamically and reasonably. Can be built.

In the case of the arch shape as described above, it is connected to the rear part of the substantially square tip conduit 11 for holding the excavator, and is constructed so as to replace the substantially square tip conduit. As the replacement member 23, the thin lining element 3 in which the upper surface side and the lower surface side are inclined with respect to the side surface so as to be substantially the same as the outer cross-sectional outer shape of the substantially square tip conduit 11, and its thin shape It is good to comprise by each temporary support member 14a, 14b which is arrange | positioned at the underground structure inner side surface of the lining element 3, and the back surface on the opposite side, respectively, and supports the said thin lining element 3 (FIG. 10 and FIG. 11). reference).
In the above case, the temporary support member 14b disposed on the opposite back surface may be an embedded support member 14b that is embedded in the ground as it is.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the temporary support member 14a arranged on the surface of the underground structure in the lining element 3 on the air side of the underground structure is close to the triangular section as shown in FIG. 3 is a temporary support member 14b having a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape, and when the distance from the reference tube 2 is gradually increased, the cross-sectional shape is reversed, and the temporary support member 14b gradually becomes closer to a triangular shape. The support member 14a is in a state close to a trapezoidal cross section.

In the position close to the reference tube 2, the rigid guide members 7 can be easily provided on both sides in the left-right direction of the temporary support member 14b having a trapezoidal cross section on the back surface side, so that the temporary support member 14b on the reference tube 2 side The temporary support member 14a on the inner air side has a trapezoidal cross section at a position far from the reference tube 2, and a guide member having a large rigidity on both sides in the left and right direction of the temporary support member 14a. 7 can be easily provided, so that the temporary support member 14a may be used to reliably guide it.
Further, the lining element 3 may be supported from the central portion between the reference pipes 2 by the temporary support member 14 of the above embodiment.

  In FIG. 11, from the state of FIG. 10 described above, joint portion cleaning by the water jet of the joint portion 6 between the reference pipe 2 and the lining element 3 and between the lining elements 3 and suction soil discharge of the joint portion soil were performed. After that, the PC steel material 5 is inserted and arranged from one reference pipe 2 to each lining element 3 and the other reference pipe 2, and the joint portion 6 is filled and hardened with the curable filler 4. The state in which the tension is fixed is shown.

  As described above, when the temporary support members 14 (14a, 14b) are arranged on both the inner surface of the tunnel element 3 and the opposite rear surface, an arch-shaped ceiling portion can be formed. Similarly, by forming the side wall portion and the floor slab portion in the same form, it is possible to construct an underground structure having a shape close to a circular shape.

  In the above-described case, the tunnel inner air side and the back surface side (natural mountain side) of the lining element 3 may have a cross-sectional curved shape such as a circular arc shape. In such a case, the lining of the temporary support members 14a and 14b is performed. What is necessary is just to make the surface which becomes the element 3 side into cross-sectional curve shape, such as cross-sectional arc shape.

  In addition, in the said embodiment, although the form which provides a guide member in the temporary support member 14 was shown, when implementing this invention, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, you may make it provide a guide member in the lining element 3, A guide member may be provided on the temporary support member 14 or the lining element 3, and a guide member is also provided on the reference pipe 2 side corresponding to the guide member of the lining element 3.

In addition, if the whole general construction procedure including the construction procedure described above is abbreviated, the following steps are performed.
(1) A start shaft (or vertical hole or recess) and a reaching shaft (or vertical hole or recess) are formed, and a propulsion frame is provided on the start shaft side.
(2) At the starting shaft side, an excavator is attached in front of the square reference pipe of the corner corner portion serving as a reference.
(3) The excavator is started and the square reference pipe 2 is propelled toward the reaching shaft by the propulsion device.
(4) If there are no underground obstacles in front of the excavator, propel it to the vertical hole on the opposite side. When there is an underground fault, only the excavator is pulled backward and the obstacle is removed manually (a square steel pipe having a space of 850 mm × 850 mm in cross section is required as this work space).
(5) After the preceding reference pipe 2 is propelled, the preceding destination pipe is propelled all between the reference pipes 2. A replacement member 23 is constructed by placing a temporary support member on the rear propulsion frame and placing a lining element thereon. The rear end of the leading conduit (preceding steel pipe) may be inserted into and fixed to a cap-shaped receiving portion 20 in which the covering element and the temporary support member 14 are inserted, or may be fixed by welding.
At the rear of the lining element 3, the contact portion with the lining element 3 of the propulsion device 12 may be similarly formed as a cap-shaped receiving portion 20, or the lining element 3 and the temporary support member 14 may be connected by a band 22. Integrate by tying them up or bolt them together.
(6) The propulsion device 12 pushes the temporary support member 14a with the cover element composed of the cover element 3 and the temporary support member 14. As for the positioning of the propulsion, guide members are attached to both sides of the leading end conduit 11, and a maximum of 50 mm and a minimum of 35 mm can be secured. Guide members are also attached to both sides of the lining element 3 or the temporary support member 14 at the same position.
The propulsion device 12 is propelled to a predetermined position by this guide.
(7) The length of the lining element 3 or the mounting member 23 is a length that can be transported. When constructing a longer tunnel or the like, the lining element 3 is secured with a PC steel rod 5 or a bolt. It is firmly connected with a cushioning material in between.
(8) The temporary support member 14a with the cover element provided with the cover element 3 and the temporary support member 14 is propelled and arrives at the reaching vertical hole 18. This is repeated to the temporary support member 14a with a covering element arranged adjacently in the lateral direction, and the covering element 3 of the hole wall having a rectangular cross section, a circular cross section, an arched cross section or the like is pushed in.
(9) The joint between the lining elements 3 is washed with a water jet and suctioned and discharged with a vacuum. A pre-grout PC steel material 5 is inserted in the lateral direction of the tunnel.
(10) A curable filler 4 such as mortar (grouting material) is filled between the cleaned joint portion, the sheath, and the pre-grout PC steel material 5. After the predetermined strength of the grout is confirmed, the pre-grout PC steel material 5 is tensioned and fixed. This is done with vertical and horizontal hole walls.
(11) Place the concrete 28 in the reference pipe 2 and place concrete.
(12) After the underground structure 1 with the temporary support member is formed by the lining element 3 and the temporary support member 14, the earth and sand inside the hole wall of the structure 1 is excavated. In the temporary support member 14 in which a large number of temporary support member units are loosely connected by the guide member, the temporary support member units that are easily removed during excavation are sequentially removed to expose the lining element 3.
(13) Make a makeup finish on the inner surface of the main body to complete the underground structure 1 such as a tunnel.

  According to each said embodiment, it engages with the guide member 7 of the temporary support member 14 which adjoins the both sides of the temporary support member 14 which supports the thin covering element 14, and the space | interval of the thin covering elements 3 mutually. Since the guide member 7 that holds the guide member 7 is used, the guide member 7 of the temporary support member 14 can be used to maintain the interval between the adjacent thin cover elements 3 and guide the thin cover element 3. Since it is not necessary to provide a member, the cross-sectional shape of the thin covering element 3 can be simplified.

  In addition, according to the embodiment, the substantially square front conduit 11 holding the excavator is fixed so as not to be separated, and the rear portion of the replacement member 23 is fixed so as not to be separated from the propulsion device 12. Since the replacement member 23 is propelled to the ground so as to replace the front conduit 11, the thin lining element can be easily and easily formed at the rear end portion of the substantially square front conduit 11 only by interposing the temporary support member 14. By arranging 3, the underground structure 1 having a reasonable cross section can be easily constructed on the ceiling, side wall, or floor.

  Moreover, when it is the underground structure 1 in which the lining element 3 in the replacement member 23 for constructing the underground structure of the embodiment is used, the internal space of the underground structure 1 is replaced with the conventional lining element 3. Compared to the case where only the member 23 is used, the interior space of the underground structure 1 can be widened, and the thin inexpensive cover element 3 can be used. Therefore, the inexpensive underground structure 1 can be constructed accordingly. it can.

  In the said embodiment, although the form which has connected the temporary support member 14a with a lining element or the substitution member 23 to the rear part of the steel tip conduit | pipe 11 was shown when implementing this invention, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, When pulling or pushing the excavation tip pipe 10 while omitting the steel tip conduit 11, the temporary support member 14a with a lining element or the replacement member 23 is arranged so as to be connected to the rear portion of the excavation tip pipe 10. Then, these may be propelled and arranged in the ground to replace the underground soil, and an underground structure may be constructed.

  As described above, in the present invention, the replacement member for constructing the underground structure constituted by the thin lining element and the temporary support member for supporting the thin lining element is connected to the rear part of the excavator (1) It may be advanced and placed in the ground, or (2) connected to the rear of the substantially square tip conduit holding the excavator and arranged to replace the substantially square tip conduit. You may make it do. The replacement member constituted by the thin lining element and the temporary support member for supporting the thin lining element is substantially the same as the outer cross-sectional outer shape of the excavator, or the outer cross-sectional outer shape of the substantially square front conduit. It is a replacement member for constructing an underground structure that is substantially the same.

  In other words, the replacement member for constructing an underground structure according to the present invention is used when constructing a hollow underground structure, and is connected to the rear part of an excavator or a substantially square tip conduit for holding the excavator. In the substituting member for constructing an underground structure arranged so as to replace the medium soil or the substantially square tip conduit, the replacement member is substantially the same as the outer cross-sectional outer shape of the excavator or the substantially square tip conduit. Thus, it is a replacement member composed of a thin lining element and a temporary support member for supporting the thin cover element. According to such a form, it is connected to the rear part of the excavator or the substantially square tip conduit for holding the excavator or for underground structure construction arranged to replace the underground soil or the substantially square tip conduit. In this replacement member, the replacement member is constituted by a thin lining element and a temporary support member for supporting the thin lining element so as to be substantially the same as the outer cross-sectional outer shape of the excavator or the substantially square tip conduit. Therefore, when constructing an underground structure, it is possible to use a thin lining element while keeping it in the cross-sectional outer shape of the rear part of an excavator or a substantially square tip conduit, Since it is not necessary to make it large to match the cross-sectional outline shape of the rear part of the first conduit, it is possible to construct an underground structure using an inexpensive thin lining element, so construct an inexpensive underground structure But Kill.

  Alternatively, the substituting member for constructing an underground structure according to the present invention is used when constructing a hollow underground structure, and is connected to the rear part of an excavator or a substantially square tip conduit holding the excavator, In a replacement member for constructing an underground structure arranged to replace soil or the substantially square tip conduit, the replacement member is substantially the same as the outer cross-sectional outer shape of the excavator or the substantially square tip conduit. The thin cover element and each temporary support member for supporting the thin cover element disposed on the inner surface of the underground structure of the thin cover element and the back surface on the opposite side of the thin cover element Has been. According to such a configuration, the cross-sectional shape of the thin lining element is matched to the cross-sectional shape of the underground structure, and the inner surface in the radial direction of the tunnel (underground structure) and the opposite back surface are parallel to each other. Or a reasonable cross-sectional shape close to the ideal arch shape of the ceiling, side wall, or floor of the underground structure.

  Further, in the construction method of the underground structure of the present invention, the front part of the replacement member for constructing the underground structure is fixed so as not to be separated from the rear part of the excavator or the substantially square tip conduit holding the excavator. The rear part of the replacement member is fixed to the propulsion unit so as not to be separated, and the replacement member is propelled to the ground so as to replace the underground soil or the substantially square tip conduit. According to such a construction method, the excavator is fixed so as not to be separated at the rear portion of the excavator or the substantially square tip conduit holding the excavator, and the rear portion of the replacement member is fixed so as not to be separated from the propulsion device. Since the replacement member is propelled to the ground so as to replace the substantially square tip conduit, it is easy and simple to lay the thin lining on the rear end of the excavator or the substantially square tip conduit by simply interposing the temporary support member. By arranging the elements, an underground structure with a reasonable cross section can be easily constructed on the ceiling, side wall, or floor.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is explanatory drawing in order to demonstrate the case where the underground structure of one Embodiment of this invention is built, Comprising: (a) is a side view which shows the state which knitted the excavator, the steel tip conduit, the substitution member, and the propulsion unit in series Figure, (b) is a partially longitudinal side view showing a state where the tip of the replacement member is inserted into the receiving part of the rear end of the steel leading conduit, and (c) is replaced with the rear end of the steel leading conduit. The side view which shows the form which temporarily fixes a member by welding, (d) is a schematic side view which shows the form in case the support members with a lining element are connected in series, (e) is a drilling device, a steel tip conduit, It is a side view which shows the state which knitted the substitution member and the propulsion apparatus in series. It is a partially vertical perspective view which shows the state which engaged the temporary support member with a lining element which made the temporary support member support the lining element. FIG. 3 is a partially longitudinal perspective view showing a state where a temporary support member and a lining element in FIG. 2 are separated. It is explanatory drawing in the case of constructing the underground structure of one embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing in the case of constructing the underground structure of one embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing at the time of constructing the underground structure of one embodiment of the present invention, and (a) propels the tip conduit from the starting shaft prior to the arrival shaft, and then sets the temporary support member with the lining element as the starting shaft. (B) is a partially longitudinal side view showing a state replaced with a temporary bearing member with a lining element, and (c) is a state in which the ground on the inner side is excavated. (D) is a vertical side view showing a state in which the temporary support member is removed. It is a partially vertical perspective view which shows the state which the guide member of the temporary support member with a lining element of the other form of this invention engaged. It is a partially longitudinal front view which shows the state which constructed | assembled the circular underground structure using the temporary support member with a lining element shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing in the case of constructing the underground structure of other forms of the present invention. It is an enlarged vertical front view which shows the state in the middle in the case of constructing the underground structure of the form shown in FIG. It is an enlarged vertical front view which shows the state in the middle in the case of constructing the underground structure of the form shown in FIG. It is a side view which shows the state which knitted the drilling device, the steel tip conduit, the substitution member, and the propulsion device in series. It is explanatory drawing in the case of constructing an underground structure by a conventional construction method, and (a) shows a state in which the lining element is being propelled from the start shaft after the leading conduit is propelled from the start shaft to the arrival shaft. FIG. 4 is a partially longitudinal side view, FIG. 5B is a partially longitudinal side view showing a state where the lining element is replaced, and FIG. 5C is a longitudinal side view showing a state where the ground on the inner side is excavated. It is the perspective view for demonstrating the state which the guide member of the conventional lining elements mutually engages and is connected, and a joint part being parted by a guide member. It is a vertical front view which shows one form of the conventional underground structure. It is a vertical front view which expands and shows the corner part of the conventional underground structure.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Underground structure 2 Reference pipe 3 Covering element 3a Covering element 4 Filling material 5 PC steel material 5a PC steel material 5b PC steel material 6 Joint part 6a Joint part 6b Joint part 6c Joint part 7 Guide member 8 Excavation cutter 9 Auger 10 Excavation Tip tube 11 Steel tip conduit 12 Propeller 13 Underground 14 Temporary bearing member 14a Temporary bearing member 15 with lining element 15 Upper plate 16 Lower plate 17 Starting shaft 18 Reaching shaft 20 Receiving portion 21 Underground structure housing 22 with temporary bearing member Band 23 Replacement member 24 Strip plate spacer 25 Partition plate 26 Bolt 27 Strip joint plate 28 Concrete

Claims (7)

  In a replacement member for building an underground structure that is used when building a hollow underground structure and is connected in the rear or rear of an excavator and disposed in the ground, the replacement member has a substantially square shape. A replacement member for constructing an underground structure, comprising a thin lining element and a temporary support member for supporting the thin cover element so as to be substantially the same as the outer cross-sectional outer shape of the excavator.   In a replacement member for building an underground structure that is used when building a hollow underground structure and is connected in the rear or rear of an excavator and disposed in the ground, the replacement member has a substantially square shape. The thin covering element is disposed on each of the thin lining element, the air surface inside the underground structure of the thin lining element, and the back surface opposite to the thin covering element so as to be substantially the same as the outer profile of the excavator. A replacement member for constructing an underground structure, characterized by comprising temporary support members for supporting a work element.   The cross-sectional outer shape of the temporary support member is an outer shape excluding the cross-sectional shape of the thin covering element required from the outer shape of the substantially square excavator. Replacement member for building underground structures.   The cross-sectional shape of the thin lining element is an arcuate surface for forming an arch or an inclined surface for forming a polygonal arch on the lower surface on the radially inner side and the outer surface on the outer side of the radial diamond. The replacement member for building an underground structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   It has a guide member that engages with a guide member of an adjacent temporary support member and holds a distance between the thin cover elements on both sides of the temporary support member that supports the thin cover element. The replacement member for underground structure construction in any one of Claims 1-4.   The front part of the replacement member for building an underground structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is fixed so as not to be separated at the rear part or the rear part of the excavator, and the rear part of the replacement member is not separated into the propulsion unit. A construction method of an underground structure characterized by propelling a replacement member to the ground in a fixed state.   The underground structure in which the lining element in the replacement member for underground structure construction in any one of Claims 1-5 is used.

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