JP2007236452A - Knife for medical use - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a knife for medical use which can suppress or prevent the blade body from warping. <P>SOLUTION: This scalpel for ophthalmic surgery has a warpage-suppressing protrusion 40a abutting on the blade body 35 when a protective cover 40 is positioned at a covering position, on the internal wall surface of the protective cover 40. When a load is applied to the blade body 35 such as during transport or being dropped, the warpage-suppressing protrusion 40a of the protective cover 40 abuts on the blade body 35, and prevents the blade body 35 from warping, and the damage of the blade tip edge is suppressed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a medical blade, and more particularly to a medical blade provided with a protective cover.

  For example, it is important that a scalpel is cut as a medical blade, and has a sharp cutting edge. With this cutting edge, there is a possibility that the assistant hands over to the surgeon during the operation, or there is a risk of accidentally damaging the hands of surgical personnel during preparation before the operation. A female has been proposed.

  The knife of Patent Document 1 has a knife-type blade body at the tip of the handle, and a protective cover is slidable in the longitudinal direction of the handle. The blade body is covered with the protective cover when not in use, and the protective cover is used when not in use. Is moved so that the blade body is exposed for use.

  The knife of Patent Document 2 is configured so that a knife-shaped blade body can be slidably accommodated in the handle. The blade body is accommodated in the handle when not in use, and the blade body protrudes from the handle when not in use. Has been.

The scalpels of Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4 are of a bent type in which the blade body is bent. In the scalpels of both Patent Documents 3 and 4, a protective cover is slidably provided in the longitudinal direction of the handle. When not in use, the blade body is covered with the protective cover, and when used, the protective cover is moved to expose the blade body. Have been made available for use. Further, in Patent Document 4, a bulging portion is formed in the protective cover so that a bent blade can be accommodated, and when the protective cover is moved to a position covering the blade, the blade is placed in the bulging portion. It is designed to be stored. Each knife is configured to cover the blade body with a protective cover when not in use such as during transportation.
US Pat. No. 5,309,641 US Pat. No. 6,254,621 US Pat. No. 6,568,175 US Design Patent No. 504513

  By the way, in such a medical blade, the blade body is fixed to the handle, and the blade portion of the blade body is in an unfixed state. Generally, since the thickness of the medical blade is about 0.15 to 0.20 mm, the blade body is easily bent when being transported or accidentally dropped. If the blade body bends in a state where the blade body is covered with the protective cover, there is a risk that the blade edge of the blade body may be damaged by approaching and contacting the inner wall of the protective cover.

  In particular, in the case of a vent-type knife as in Patent Document 3, it is easy to contact the protective cover. On the other hand, in patent document 4, since the bulging part which accommodates a blade body is provided, compared with the knife of patent document 3, it is hard to receive the damage of the blade edge of a blade body. However, in Patent Document 4, since the bulging portion is provided in the vicinity of the blade body, even when the protective cover is moved to the handle side during use and the blade body is exposed, the bulging portion Since the bulge of the blade is close to the blade body, there is a problem that it is difficult for the user to visually observe the edge of the blade edge.

  The purpose of the present invention is to suppress or prevent bending of the blade body when a load is applied to the blade body during transportation or when it is dropped, and can suppress damage to the edge of the blade, An object of the present invention is to provide a medical knife that does not make it difficult to see the blade during use.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention of claim 1 is directed to a covering position where a protective cover covers the blade body with respect to an outer periphery of a handle body provided with a blade body at a tip, and an exposure for exposing the blade body. In the medical blade arranged to be movable between positions, the inner wall surface of the protective cover is in contact with the blade body when the protective cover is located at the covering position, or when the blade body bends. The gist of the present invention is a medical blade characterized by being provided with a bending restraining member that is positioned within the movement locus and can be brought into contact with the blade body.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the blade body is of a vent type, and when the protective cover is located at the covering position, the bending suppression member is against the bent surface of the blade body. It is formed so as to be in contact with the surface by being located in the movement locus when the contact or the blade body is bent.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the outer periphery of the handle body is formed with a permissible portion that allows the deflection suppressing member to move when the protective cover is located at the exposed position. It is characterized by being.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the protective cover is moved on the outer periphery of the handle main body while the protective cover covers the blade body. It is characterized in that a locking means for locking the lock so that it cannot be unlocked is provided.

  The invention of claim 5 is characterized in that, in claim 4, when the protective cover is locked by the locking means, the bending suppression member is located at a position beyond the tip of the blade body. . In the present specification, the position where the bending suppression member exceeds the tip of the blade body is farther than the tip of the blade body with respect to the base end of the blade body in the extending direction of the blade body. The position of the place.

  According to the invention of claim 1, when a load is applied to the blade body during transportation or when it is dropped, the bending suppression member of the protective cover comes into contact with the blade body or when the blade body bends. Since it is located in the movement locus, it is possible to suppress or prevent the blade body from being bent, and the effect of suppressing damage to the edge of the blade edge can be achieved. Further, when the blade is exposed by moving the protective cover, there is no protective cover that makes it difficult to see the blade, so that the protective cover does not make the blade difficult to see during use.

According to invention of Claim 2, the effect of Claim 1 is realizable with respect to a vent type blade.
According to the invention of claim 3, when the protective cover is moved to the exposed position, it does not interfere with the handle body, and the movement operation of the protective cover is not impaired.

  According to the invention of claim 4, since the protective cover locked by the locking means that cannot be unlocked cannot move forward and backward, the blade body can be covered and the medical blade can be processed safely.

  According to the invention of claim 5, when the protective cover is locked by the locking means, the bending suppression member is positioned beyond the blade body, so the bending suppression member is an object from the outside of the protection cover. Etc. can be prevented.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment in which an ophthalmic surgical knife (hereinafter simply referred to as a surgical knife) is embodied as a medical knife of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the handle main body 10 of the surgical knife is composed of a gripping portion 20 and a support portion 30 provided coaxially at the tip of the gripping portion 20. The gripping portion 20 has a length that can be gripped by one hand and has a circular cross section. The diameter of the gripping portion 20 decreases toward the base end (the right end in FIG. 1A). The material of the handle body 10 is not limited, and is formed of a metal such as synthetic resin or stainless steel, for example.

  The support part 30 is formed in a columnar shape except for the tip part and has a smaller diameter than the outer diameter of the tip part of the grip part 20. Note that the outer diameter of the distal end portion of the grip portion 20 is the maximum outer diameter of the grip portion 20. A tapered surface 31 is formed on the peripheral surface at the tip of the support portion 30. In addition, a blade body 35 is attached and supported on a portion of the front end surface of the support portion 30 that is deviated from the axis of the support portion 30. The blade body 35 is a vent type bent at less than 90 degrees toward the tapered surface 31 between the central portion and the base end portion, and when viewed in plan (see FIG. 2B), the distal end The portion is formed in a mountain shape and includes a pair of cutting edges 35a (sword-shaped sword). As shown in FIG. 4, on the outer peripheral surface of the support portion 30, an allowable groove 32 as an allowable portion extends from the tapered surface 31 toward the gripping portion 20 in parallel with the axis of the support portion 30.

  As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, a protective cover 40 is attached to the support portion 30. As shown in FIG. 3A, the protective cover 40 is formed in a cylindrical shape and the inner peripheral surface thereof is formed in a circular cross section. Although the material of the protective cover 40 is not limited, in this embodiment, it is shape | molded by the synthetic resin. As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the protective cover 40 is slidably fitted along the axial direction of the support portion 30 with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the support portion 30.

  The protective cover 40 is formed with slits 41 that penetrate both the inner and outer peripheral surfaces along the axial direction. Here, the extending direction of the slit 41 is the axial direction of the protective cover 40.

  Further, on the outer peripheral surface of the support portion 30, the protrusion 36 protrudes at a position closer to the tip side than the axial direction so as to be orthogonal to the axial direction, and is engaged in the slit 41 so as to be relatively movable. Yes. The protrusion 36 has a circular cross section. The shape of the protrusion 36 is not limited to a circular cross section, and may be a triangular cross section or a polygonal shape. When the protective cover 40 moves along the axial direction, the projection 36 has a guide function of guiding in the axial direction by slidingly contacting the inner side surface of the slit 41 and the protective cover 40 for the support portion 30. The relative rotation around the axis of is regulated. The protrusion 36 is formed to have a length that does not protrude from the protective cover 40 through the slit 41. As described above, when the protrusion 36 does not protrude from the slit 41, the protrusion 36 does not get in the way when the surgical knife is used. Here, in the slit 41, an end portion close to the grip portion 20 is referred to as a proximal end portion, and a far end portion is referred to as a distal end portion.

  A narrow slit 41 a is formed at the proximal end of the slit 41. The narrow slit 41a is smaller than the width of the slit 41, that is, the width is shorter than the size of the protrusion 36 (the diameter in the present embodiment). By extending the thin slit 41a in the axial direction, the slit 41 communicates with the outside at the proximal end. A thin slit 41 b is formed at the distal end of the slit 41. The narrow slit 41b is narrower than the slit 41, that is, the width is shorter than the size of the protrusion 36 (the diameter in this embodiment). By extending the thin slit 41b in the axial direction, the slit 41 communicates with the outside also at the distal end portion. Since these thin slits 41 a and 41 b are shorter than the protrusion 36 (the diameter in this embodiment), the protrusion 36 is not allowed to escape from the slit 41. The protective cover 40 is expanded against the elastic force by a jig (not shown) or the like and attached to the support portion 30 when the thin slits 41 a and 41 b and the slit 41 are assembled. When the expansion by the jig or the like is released, the protective cover 40 is reduced in diameter by its elastic force and fitted to the support portion 30.

  As shown in FIG. 3B, locking portions 42 and 43 are provided at the proximal end portion and the distal end portion. The locking portion 42 has a notch 44 and a cut groove 45 extending in a direction intersecting with the extending direction of the slit 41 with respect to the proximal end portion (a direction orthogonal in the present embodiment). The engagement piece 46 is formed between the two. The engagement piece 46 has elasticity due to the formation of the cut groove 45. Further, the engaging piece 46 constitutes a part of the peripheral portion of the notch 44.

  The depth of the cut 44 is formed such that the protrusion 36 can be engaged, and the width of the entrance is slightly shorter than the size of the protrusion 36 (in this embodiment, the diameter). When the protrusion 36 is engaged with the notch 44 through the entrance, the protrusion 36 is engaged with the back of the notch 44 by opening the entrance against the elastic force of the engagement piece 46. It is possible. In the state where the projection 36 is engaged in the notch 44, the protective cover 40 is locked so that it cannot move in the axial direction, and as shown in FIG. 35 is covered. Hereinafter, the position covering the blade body 35 shown in FIG.

  The locking portion 43 has a cut 47 and a cut groove 48 extending in a direction intersecting the extending direction of the slit 41 with respect to the distal end portion, and an engagement piece 49 is formed therebetween. It is constituted by. The engagement piece 49 has elasticity due to the formation of the kerf 48. Further, the engagement piece 49 constitutes a part of the peripheral portion of the notch 47. The depth of the cut 47 is formed such that the protrusion 36 can be engaged, and the width of the entrance is slightly shorter than the size of the protrusion 36 (the diameter in this embodiment). When the protrusion 36 is engaged with the notch 47 through the entrance, the protrusion 36 is engaged with the back of the notch 47 by opening the entrance against the elastic force of the engagement piece 49. It is possible.

  In the state where the protrusion 36 is engaged in the notch 47, the protective cover 40 is locked so as not to move in the axial direction, and as shown in FIG. 35 is exposed. Hereinafter, the position where the blade body 35 shown in FIG. Further, when the protective cover 40 is located at the exposed position, the base end portion of the protective cover 40 is in contact with the distal end surface of the grip portion 20. In addition, operation protrusions 50 protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the base end portion of the protective cover 40 at equal intervals. In addition, a plurality of circulating grooves 53 are formed between the kerf 45 and the kerf 48. When holding the grip 20 with one hand, the protective cover 40 is rotated along or around the axial center by pressing the thumb against the groove 53 or the operating projection 50.

  Further, in the protective cover 40, a bending suppression protrusion 40 a as a bending suppression member protrudes in a rod shape in the radial direction of the protective cover 40 on the inner wall surface of the tip portion corresponding to the allowable groove 32 of the support portion 30. . As shown in FIG. 5, the bending suppression protrusion 40a is on the surface side in the bending direction of the blade body 35 when the protective cover 40 is located at the covering position, and can be brought into contact with the center of the tip portion. It is formed so as not to contact the cutting edge 35a. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the bending suppression protrusion 40 a is formed so as to be engaged in the allowable groove 32 when the protective cover 40 is located at the exposed position. The allowable groove 32 has such a width that the bending restraining protrusion 40a does not contact the wall surface of the groove even when the protective cover 40 is rotated to lock or unlock the exposed position.

Now, the operation of the surgical knife configured as described above will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1B and 5, when the protective cover 40 is located at the covering position, the protrusion 36 is engaged with the inner part of the notch 44. In this state, the protective cover 40 is engaged. Locked by the mating piece 46. In this state, even if the protective cover 40 is operated in the axial direction, the protective cover 40 does not move, and the blade body 35 is covered with the protective cover 40. Further, in this state, the bending suppression protrusion 40a is in contact with the center of the distal end portion on the surface side in the bending direction of the blade body 35 as shown in FIG. Accordingly, the blade body 35 does not bend in the bending direction even when a load is applied to the blade body 35, such as during transportation or when dropped. In this state, the assistant can safely hand it over to the surgeon during the operation.

  When used by a surgeon, first, in a state where the grasping portion 20 is grasped with one hand, the thumb of one hand is applied to, for example, the operation protrusion 50, and the protective cover 40 is projected from the engagement piece 46 around the axis to the projection 36. When the projection 36 is rotated in the direction of disengagement, the protrusion 36 is disengaged from the notch 44 against the elastic force of the engagement piece 46 and moves relatively to the proximal end of the slit 41.

In this state, the surgeon operates with the thumb to move the protective cover 40 from the covering position to the exposed position. At this time, the bending suppression protrusion 40 a is engaged in the allowable groove 32.
When the protective cover 40 comes into contact with the front end surface of the grip portion 20, the protrusion 36 is positioned at the distal end portion of the slit 41 (see FIG. 1A). Subsequently, in this state, the surgeon holds the gripping part 20 with one hand as in the previous case, applies the thumb of the one hand to, for example, the operation protrusion 50, and cuts the protective cover 40 around the axis 47. When it is turned in the direction of engaging with it (the direction intersecting the axial direction), the protrusion 36 is engaged and locked into the notch 47 against the elastic force of the engaging piece 49. By this series of thumb operations, the blade body 35 is exposed from the protective cover 40 as shown in FIG. In this state, since the protective cover 40 is locked, even if it tries to move the protective cover 40 in the axial direction, it does not move.

  Then, when the use of the surgical knife is finished, the protective cover 40 is returned to the locked state as shown in FIG. 1B again by operating in the reverse order to the above description. At this time, the bending suppression protrusion 40a is brought into contact with the blade body 35 again as shown in FIG.

  In this manner, the surgical knife of the present embodiment can perform the movement operation between the covering position and the exposure position of the protective cover 40 and the lock operation and release at each position by an operation with only one thumb. In the case of performing the lock operation and release, the gripping unit 20 may be held with the middle finger, the ring finger, and the little finger of one hand, and the rotation operation may be performed with the protective cover 40 sandwiched between the thumb and the index finger. Even in this case, the movement operation, the lock operation, and the release of the protective cover 40 can be performed in a two-step motion with only one hand.

The above embodiment has the following effects.
(1) According to the ophthalmic surgical knife of the present embodiment, the inner wall surface of the protective cover 40 is provided with the bending suppression protrusion 40a that comes into contact with the blade body 35 when the protective cover 40 is located at the covering position. ing. As a result, when a load is applied to the blade body 35 during transportation or when it is dropped, the bending suppression protrusion 40a of the protective cover 40 is in contact with the blade body 35. This can prevent the damage to the edge of the cutting edge.

  (2) In the scalpel for ophthalmic surgery of the present embodiment, the blade body 35 is a vent type, and when the protective cover 40 is positioned at the covering position, the bending suppression protrusion 40a is on the surface where the blade body 35 is bent. It is formed so that it can contact. As a result, the effect (1) can be realized for the surgical knife having a vent-type blade.

  (3) In the scalpel for ophthalmic surgery of the present embodiment, the outer periphery of the handle body 10 is formed with an allowable groove 32 that allows movement of the bending suppression protrusion 40a when the protective cover 40 is located at the exposed position. Yes. As a result, in the present embodiment, when the protective cover 40 is moved to the exposed position, the bending suppression protrusion 40a enters the allowable groove 32 of the handle body 10, so that it does not interfere with the handle body 10 and the protective cover. The movement operation of 40 is not impaired.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, an ophthalmic surgical knife (hereinafter referred to as a surgical knife) according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. For convenience of explanation, in FIGS. 6, 7 (a), 8 (b), (c), (e) and FIGS. 10 (a) to (e), the upper side is referred to as the back side, and the lower side is referred to. It is called the ventral side. Further, in FIGS. 7B, 7C, 8A, 8D, and 9A to 9C, the upper side is referred to as the right side, and the lower side is referred to as the left side. In FIG. 8E, the left side is referred to as the right side, and the right side is referred to as the left side.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b), the handle main body 110 of the surgical knife is composed of a grip portion 120 and a support portion 130 provided coaxially at the tip of the grip portion 120. The grip part 120 is made of the same shape and the same material as the grip part 20 of the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIGS. 7A to 7C, the support portion 130 is formed in a columnar shape, and is formed integrally with the slide rail portion 130A having a substantially square cross section and the slide rail portion 130A. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 10A to 10E, the peripheral surface is formed of an abdominal portion 130B having an arcuate cross section. 7A to 7C, a blade body 160 described later is omitted for convenience of explanation. The peripheral surface of the abdomen 130B is flush with the peripheral surface of the grip portion 120. In addition, a plurality of grooves 131 are provided on the base end side of the circumferential surface of the abdomen 130B.

  A pair of sliding contact surfaces 132 and 133 are formed on the right side surface and the left side surface of the slide rail portion 130 </ b> A in parallel with each other and along the axial direction of the support portion 130. As shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C, the sliding contact surface 132 is a flat surface extending from the distal end surface 120 a of the grip portion 120 along the axial direction of the grip portion 120. On the other hand, the slide contact surface 133 is provided with a slide groove 134 in the entire remaining portion excluding the tip. As shown in FIG. 7C, the slide groove 134 is formed so that the front end surface of the grip portion 120 is an end wall surface. As shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C, the bottom portion 134 a of the slide groove 134 is a flat surface extending along the axial direction of the support portion 130 and is formed in parallel with the slidable contact surface 132. Yes.

  A first engaging recess 135 having a quadrangular cross section is provided in the bottom portion 134a so that the front end surface 120a of the grip portion 120 is a wall surface. In the opening of the first engagement recess 135, an oblique guide surface 135a is formed at the edge opposite to the tip surface 120a by 180 °. The guide surface 135 a is connected to the bottom portion 134 a of the slide groove 134.

  Further, in the bottom portion 134a, a second engagement recess 136 having the same cross-sectional shape and size as the first engagement recess 135 is formed in the center in the length direction. In the opening of the second engagement recess 136, guide surfaces 136a and 136b formed in an oblique shape are formed at both end edges in the length direction. Both guide surfaces 136a and 136b are connected to the bottom 134a of the slide groove 134, respectively. Further, in the bottom portion 134a, a portion closer to the tip of the slide groove 134 than the second engagement recess 136 is longer in the length direction (axial direction of the support portion 130) than the second engagement recess 136. A three-engagement recess 137 is recessed.

  Further, a tapered surface 138 is formed on the tip surface of the slide rail portion 130A. A blade body 160 is attached and supported on a portion of the front end surface of the support portion 130 that is deviated from the axis of the support portion 130. The blade body 160 is a bent type bent at less than 90 degrees toward the tapered surface 138 between the central portion and the base end portion, and when viewed in plan (see FIG. 9B), the tip The portion is formed in a chevron shape and includes a pair of cutting edges 160a.

  As shown in FIGS. 7A to 7C, an allowance groove 139 as an allowance portion is formed on the back peripheral surface of the slide rail portion 130 </ b> A from the taper surface 138 toward the grip portion 120. It is extended in parallel with.

  As shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C and FIGS. 9A to 9C, a protective cover 140 is attached to the slide rail portion 130A of the support portion 130. The protective cover 140 is formed in a substantially semi-cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. The inner peripheral surface of the protective cover 140 includes a left inner side surface 140a, a right inner side surface 140b, and an inner top wall surface 140c that connects both inner side surfaces, and the ventral side is open.

  The protective cover 140 has a slide rail formed by sliding the left inner side surface 140a, the right inner side surface 140b, and the inner top wall surface 140c to the sliding contact surface 133, the sliding contact surface 132, and the back peripheral surface of the slide rail portion 130A. The portion 130A is slidably fitted along the axial direction of the portion 130A. In the present embodiment, the material of the protective cover 140 is formed of synthetic resin, but is not limited thereto.

  As shown in FIG. 8B, in the protective cover 140, a cut 141 is formed along the axial direction of the protective cover 140 at the base end of the side corresponding to the slide groove 134. Due to the notches 141, the protective cover 140 is formed with an engaging piece 142 having elasticity. In the protective cover 140, a stepped portion 143 is formed on the inner surface of the side portion corresponding to the slide groove 134 and in an area from the engaging piece 142 toward the tip of the protective cover 140. The step portion 143 is slidably fitted to the slide groove 134. Further, a protrusion 144 is formed on the inner surface of the front end of the engagement piece 142. The protrusion 144 is formed so as to be engageable with the first engagement recess 135, the second engagement recess 136, and the third engagement recess 137 by the elastic force of the engagement piece 142.

  Here, when the projection 144 is engaged with the second engagement recess 136, the protective cover 140 is disposed so as to cover the blade body 160 as shown in FIG. Hereinafter, this position is referred to as a covering position. When the protective cover 140 is pressed to the blade body 160 side or the gripping portion 120 side with the protective cover 140 being located at this position, the protrusion 144 becomes the guide surface 136a of the second engaging recess 136. , 136b and can be escaped from the second engaging recess 136.

  Further, when the projection 144 is engaged with the first engagement recess 135, the protective cover 140 is disposed so as to expose the blade body 160 as shown in FIG. 9B. Hereinafter, this position is referred to as an exposure position. When the protective cover 140 is pressed from the first engagement recess 135 toward the blade body 160 in a state where the protection cover 140 is located at this position, the projection 144 is formed on the guide surface 135a of the first engagement recess 135. It is possible to escape from the first engaging recess 135 by being guided by.

  When the projection 144 is engaged with the third engagement recess 137, the protective cover 140 is in a state in which the blade body 160 is kept exposed as shown in FIG. 9C. When the protective cover 140 is located at this position, even if the protective cover 140 is pressed from the third engagement recess 137 to the blade body 160 side, the stepped portion after the permitted play portion has been moved. 143 is engaged with the end of the slide groove 134 so that it cannot move. Further, in the state where the protective cover 140 is located at this position, even if the protective cover 140 is pressed from the third engagement recess 137 toward the grip portion 120, the projection 144 is formed at the end of the third engagement recess 137. By engaging, the protective cover 140 is immovable. As a result, the protrusion 144 cannot escape from the third engagement recess 137, and the protective cover 140 cannot be moved from this position. In the second embodiment, the position where the projection 144 is engaged with the third engagement recess 137 is hereinafter referred to as a lock position. As described above, in the present embodiment, the end of the slide groove 134 that can be engaged with the stepped portion 143 and the third engaging recess 137 form a locking means, and the protective cover 140 covers the blade body 160 by this locking means. In this state, the movement of the protective cover 140 is made impossible to unlock. Note that the lock position of the second embodiment includes a range in which the protection cover 140 is allowed to move the play portion as described above, but when the protection cover 140 is engaged with the third engagement recess 137. The play portion may not be moved. In this case, the lock position is a one-point position.

  Further, in the protective cover 140, a bending suppression protrusion 150 as a bending suppression member is integrally formed in a rod shape in the radial direction of the protective cover 140 on the inner top wall surface 140 c at the tip corresponding to the allowable groove 139 of the support portion 130. It is protruding. The bending suppression protrusion 150 may be a separate member that is assembled to the protective cover 140 or may be integrated by a bonding method such as adhesion or welding. As shown in FIG. 6A, the bending suppression protrusion 150 can be brought into contact with the center of the distal end portion on the surface side in the bending direction of the blade body 160 when the protective cover 140 is located at the covering position. And is formed so as not to contact the cutting edge 160a. Further, as shown in FIGS. 6B and 9B, the bending suppression protrusion 150 is formed so as to be engaged in the allowable groove 139 when the protective cover 140 is located at the exposed position. . Further, as shown in FIG. 6C and FIG. 9C, the bending suppression protrusion 150 is disposed so as to be positioned at a position beyond the tip of the blade body 160 when being positioned at the lock position. .

  7A, 7B, and 10E, in the slide rail portion 130A, the back side wall portion of the first engagement recess 135 is formed by cutting the engagement port 135b. A guide surface 135c having an oblique plane is formed on the peripheral surface on the back side of the slide rail portion 130A corresponding to the engagement port 135b.

  Further, when the protective cover 140 shown in FIG. 6B is located at the exposed position, the back side peripheral surface of the slide rail portion 130A corresponding to the stepped portion 143 is shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 10C, a guide surface 134b having an oblique plane is formed.

  As shown in FIGS. 10A, 10 </ b> B, and 10 </ b> D, a corner connecting the sliding contact surface 132 and the dorsal top surface is formed in a circular arc shape on the peripheral surface of the slide rail portion 130 </ b> A. Further, as shown in FIGS. 10A, 10B, and 10D, the corner connecting the left side surface and the back side top surface excluding the guide surfaces 134b and 135c is a cross-sectional circle on the peripheral surface of the slide rail portion 130A. It is formed in an arc shape.

  When the protective cover 140 is attached to the support portion 130, the protective cover 140 is fitted to the slide rail portion 130A by being pressed from the back side in a state where the projection 144 is disposed corresponding to the engagement port 135b. At this time, when the stepped portion 143 and the projection 144 of the protective cover 140 are pressed against the guide surfaces 134b and 135c, the engaging piece 142 is opened against its elasticity. Then, the projection 144 of the engagement piece 142 is engaged with the guide surface 135c through the guide surface 135c into the first engagement recess 135, and the step portion 143 is engaged with the slide groove 134, whereby the slide groove 134 is inserted. The engaging piece 142 is engaged with the armature.

  At the base end portion of the protective cover 140, an operation unit 170 is provided on the back side top surface. In addition, a plurality of grooves 173 are provided at a position from the distal end from the operation unit 170.

Now, the operation of the surgical knife configured as described above will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 6A and 9A, when the protective cover 140 is located at the covering position, the protrusion 144 is engaged with the second engagement recess 136. FIG.

  In this state, since the protective cover 140 is locked by the engaging piece 142, when the protective cover 140 is to be operated in the axial direction, the protective cover 140 does not move with a small force, and the blade body 160 is moved. Is covered with a protective cover 140.

  Further, in this state, the bending suppression protrusion 150 is in contact with the center of the tip portion on the surface side in the bending direction of the blade body 160 as shown in FIG. Accordingly, the blade body 160 does not bend in the bending direction even when a load is applied to the blade body 160, such as when the surgical knife is being transported or dropped. In this state, the surgical knife can be safely handed over from the assistant to the surgeon during the operation.

  When a surgeon uses this scalpel, first, the surgeon holds the grip part 120 with one hand and applies the thumb of one hand to the operation part 170 to expose the protective cover 140 from the covering position. Move to position. At this time, the projection 144 is guided by the guide surface 136b against the elastic force of the engagement piece 142, escapes from the second engagement recess 136, and moves on the bottom 134a. Further, the bending suppression protrusion 150 is engaged in the allowable groove 139.

  When the protective cover 140 comes into contact with the front end surface of the grip portion 120, the protrusion 144 is engaged and locked in the first engagement recess 135 by the elastic force of the engagement piece 142. By this series of thumb operations, the blade body 160 is exposed from the protective cover 140 as shown in FIGS. 6B and 9B. In this state, since the protective cover 140 is locked, even if it tries to move the protective cover 140 in the axial direction with a small force, it does not move.

  When the use of the scalpel is finished, the surgeon holds the grasping part 120 with one hand and applies the thumb to the operation part 170 to move the protective cover 140 from the exposed position to the locked position. Operate.

  By this operation, the protective cover 140 moves to the lock position as shown in FIG. At this time, the projection 144 is guided into the second engagement recess 136 by the guide surface 136b and temporarily engaged, but the projection 144 is guided by the guide surface 136a (see FIG. 9C) and is engaged in the second engagement. The joint recess 136 escapes and is engaged into the third engagement recess 137 through the bottom 134a by the elastic force of the engagement piece 142.

  Further, when the protective cover 140 moves from the exposed position to the locked position, the bending suppression protrusion 150 once contacts the blade body 160. However, since the protective cover 140 is further moved against the elastic force of the blade body 160, the movement of the restraining protrusion 150 is allowed by the elastic deformation of the blade body 160, and FIGS. As shown in c), it is located at a position beyond the blade body 160. When the protective cover 140 is positioned at this locked position, the projection 144 cannot be removed from the third engagement recess 137 and the blade body 160 is engaged with the flexure suppression projection 150 to inhibit the movement to the exposed position. The protective cover 140 is not moved to the covering position or the exposure position.

As described above, the embodiment has the following effects. This embodiment has the following effects in addition to the same effects as (1), (2), and (3) of the first embodiment.
(1) In the surgical knife of this embodiment, the end of the slide groove 134 that can be engaged with the stepped portion 143 and the third engaging recess 137 constitute a locking means, and the protective cover 140 is a blade by this locking means. While the body 160 is covered, the movement of the protective cover 140 cannot be unlocked. As a result, since the protective cover 140 locked by the locking means that cannot be unlocked cannot move forward and backward, the blade body can be covered and the medical blade can be processed safely.

  (2) In the present embodiment, the end portion of the slide groove 134 and the third engagement recess 137 that constitute the locking means and can be engaged with the stepped portion 143 are moved from the covering position to the anti-exposed position side. The protective cover 140 is locked when the operation is performed. As a result, it is possible to easily lock the protective cover so that it cannot be moved only by linearly operating the protective cover 140 from the covering position.

  (3) In this embodiment, when the protective cover 140 is locked, the bending suppression protrusion 150 as the bending suppression member is positioned at a position beyond the tip of the blade body 160. As a result, the bending suppression protrusion 150 can prevent intrusion of an object or the like from the outside of the protective cover 140.

In addition, this invention is not limited to each said embodiment, You may actualize as follows.
○ In the first embodiment, the bending suppression protrusion 40a can be brought into contact with the center of the tip portion on the surface in the bending direction of the blade body 35 when the protective cover 40 is located at the covering position as shown in FIG. It formed so that it might become. Instead of this configuration, the following modifications may be made. Since the blade body 35 is a vent type, it is easily bent in the bending direction. For this reason, when the protective cover 40 is positioned at the covering position, it is a position separated in the direction in which the blade edge 35a bends (that is, the direction in which it is bent), and is within the movement locus when the blade body 35 is bent. You may form the bending suppression protrusion 40a so that it may be located. With this configuration, when a load is applied to the blade body 35 in a state where the protective cover 40 is located at the covering position, the blade body 35 is slightly bent, but the blade body 35 is brought into contact with the bending suppression protrusion 40a. The bending is suppressed.

  In the first embodiment, the allowable groove 32 is formed as the allowable portion that allows the bending suppression protrusion 40a to be engaged. However, in the first embodiment, the support portion 30 extends to the portion corresponding to the groove bottom of the allowable groove 32. A stepped portion as an allowable portion may be formed in the support portion 30 by cutting the peripheral surface. Even if it does in this way, when the protective cover 40 is moved to an exposure position by this step part, the bending suppression protrusion 40a does not collide with the handle body 10, and the movement operation of the protective cover 40 is not impaired.

In each of the above embodiments, the bending suppression member (bending suppression protrusion) is formed as a rod-shaped protrusion, but the shape is not limited and may be a cone, a truncated cone, a prism, a cylinder, or the like. .
○ The cross-sectional shape of the gripping portion 20 may be a shape that can be grasped with one hand, and the cross-sectional shape other than the circular cross-section may be a triangular shape, an elliptical shape, a polygonal shape, or a flat plate shape such as a spatula. .

  In each of the above embodiments, the medical blade is embodied as a scalpel for ophthalmic surgery having a vent-type blade, but is not limited to this, and may be a blade other than the vent-type. In addition, examples of the medical blade include a microsurgical knife for a cranial nerve. Further, the present invention may be embodied in a large knife used for dissection or the like, or a medical knife for cutting a pathological specimen (trimming knife).

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the bending suppression protrusion can be brought into contact with the center of the tip portion on the surface side in the bending direction of the blade body. It is good also as being located in the movement locus | trajectory at the time of contact | abutting, and being able to contact | abut to the base end part of this blade.

(A) is a front view of the scalpel for ophthalmic surgery in the state in which the blade body of the first embodiment is exposed, and (b) is a front view of the scalpel for ophthalmic surgery in the same state where the blade body is covered. (A) is a side view of a handle body, and (b) is a plan view of a support portion of the handle body. (A) is a side view of a protective cover, (b) is a front view of a protective cover. Sectional drawing of the principal part of the scalpel for ophthalmic surgery in which the blade body of 1st Embodiment is an exposed state. The principal part sectional drawing of the scalpel for ophthalmic surgery of the state in which the blade body of 1st Embodiment is covered. (A) is a front view of a scalpel for ophthalmic surgery in a state where the blade body of the second embodiment is covered, (b) is a front view of a scalpel for ophthalmic surgery with the blade body exposed, and (c) is a protective cover. The front view of the scalpel for ophthalmic surgery of the state which is located in a lock position. (A) is a front view of the support part of the handle | body main body of 2nd Embodiment, (b) is a top view similarly, (c) is a partially notched sectional drawing. (A) is a top view of the protective cover of 2nd Embodiment, (b) is also a front view, (c) is a front sectional view, (d) is a bottom view, (e) is a side view. (A) is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. 6, (b) is the sectional view on the BB line of FIG. 6, (c) is the sectional view on the CC line of FIG. 7A is a sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 7, FIG. 7B is a sectional view taken along the line EE of FIG. 7, FIG. 7C is a sectional view taken along the line FF of FIG. -G sectional view, (e) is the HH sectional view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Pattern main body, 20 ... Gripping part, 30 ... Support part, 32 ... Allowable groove (allowable part),
35 ... Blade, 40 ... Protective cover, 110 ... Pattern body, 120 ... Gripping part,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 130 ... Support part, 134 ... Slide groove, 137 ... 3rd engagement recessed part (it comprises a locking means with the edge part of the slide groove 134), 139 ... Permissible groove (allowable part),
140 ... protective cover, 160 ... blade.

Claims (5)

With respect to the outer periphery of the handle main body provided with a blade body at the tip, a medical blade that is arranged so as to be movable between a covering position where the protective cover covers the blade body and an exposed position where the blade body is exposed,
The inner wall surface of the protective cover can contact the blade body when the protective cover is located at the covering position, or can be in contact with the blade body in a movement locus when the blade body is bent. A medical blade characterized by comprising a flexible bending suppression member.   The blade body is a vent type, and when the protective cover is located at the covering position, the bending restraining member abuts against the bent surface of the blade body, or the movement when the blade body bends. The medical blade according to claim 1, wherein the medical blade is positioned so as to be in contact with the surface.   The outer periphery of the handle main body is formed with an allowance portion that allows movement of the bending suppression member when the protective cover is located at the exposed position. The medical knife as described.   2. A lock means is provided on an outer periphery of the handle body to lock the movement of the protective cover so that the movement of the protective cover cannot be unlocked in a state where the protective cover covers the blade body. The medical blade according to any one of claims 3 to 3.   The medical blade according to claim 4, wherein when the protective cover is locked by the locking means, the bending suppression member is located at a position beyond the tip of the blade body.

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