JP2007228946A - Method for producing thick seasoning liquid - Google Patents
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- JP2007228946A JP2007228946A JP2006058078A JP2006058078A JP2007228946A JP 2007228946 A JP2007228946 A JP 2007228946A JP 2006058078 A JP2006058078 A JP 2006058078A JP 2006058078 A JP2006058078 A JP 2006058078A JP 2007228946 A JP2007228946 A JP 2007228946A
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- GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-N-methylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound CN(CCC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)CC=C GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
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- Soy Sauces And Products Related Thereto (AREA)
- Seasonings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は濃厚調味液、特に醤油香が低減され、しかも味が濃厚で旨味の強い調味液に関し、より詳しくは、少なくともグルテンを配合した混合原料を用いて製麹し、得られた麹を食塩水と共に仕込み、醤油酵母を添加して醸造した後、圧搾して一次調味液を得、この調味液に、同様にして得られた麹を仕込み、醤油酵母を添加せずに麹により酵素分解させた後、圧搾して火入れを行うことにより得られる濃厚調味液の製造法に関する。 The present invention relates to a concentrated seasoning liquid, particularly a soy sauce flavor reduced, and a rich and strong umami seasoning, and more specifically, koji using a mixed raw material containing at least gluten, and the resulting koji is salted. Prepared with water, brewed by adding soy sauce yeast, squeezed to obtain a primary seasoning liquid, and in this seasoning liquid, the koji obtained in the same manner was added and enzymatically decomposed with koji without adding soy sauce yeast. Then, it is related with the manufacturing method of the thick seasoning liquid obtained by pressing and performing a burning.
近年、食生活の多様化、高級化により調味料の一つである醤油の分野でも従来の醤油とは異なる濃厚感、高級感のある醤油が望まれている。代表的な醤油の製造法としては、本醸造方式、新式醸造方式、アミノ酸混合方式などがあり、その中でも本醸造方式で製造された醤油が品質的に最良なものとされている。本醸造方式で製造された醤油には、原料や醸造方法の違いにより、濃口(こいくち)醤油、淡口(うすくち)醤油、溜(たまり)醤油、白(しろ)醤油、再仕込(さいしこみ)醤油などがあり、それぞれの特長に応じた使い分けがなされている。例えば、再仕込醤油は濃厚で醤油香が強く高級醤油として位置付けられており、鰻や焼肉・焼鳥用のたれ、刺身のかけ醤油などに使用されている。このような再仕込醤油は濃厚で醤油香が強いことに加えて、濃口醤油には無い異質な醤油香を有しており、目的や用途によってはこれらの醤油香が所望されないことも多い。 In recent years, soy sauce with a rich and high-class feeling different from conventional soy sauce is desired also in the field of soy sauce, which is one of seasonings, due to diversification and upgrading of dietary habits. Typical soy sauce production methods include the main brewing method, the new brewing method, and the amino acid mixing method. Among them, the soy sauce produced by this brewing method is regarded as the best in quality. The soy sauce produced by this brewing method has different types of ingredients and brewing methods, depending on the raw material and brewing method, soy sauce, light soy sauce, tamari soy sauce, white soy sauce, and re-feeding. ) There are soy sauce, etc., which are properly used according to their characteristics. For example, re-prepared soy sauce is rich and has a strong soy sauce flavor and is regarded as a high-grade soy sauce. It is used for soy sauce for salmon, yakiniku and yakitori, and sashimi sauce. Such recharged soy sauce has a rich and strong soy sauce flavor, and has a different soy sauce flavor not found in thick soy sauce. Depending on the purpose and application, these soy sauce flavors are often not desired.
このような再仕込醤油の欠点を改善するため、種々の製造法が提案されている。例えば、仕込み初期の諸味から分離した液汁を仕込み水として醤油麹とともに発酵熟成させる濃厚醤油の製造法(例えば、特許文献1参照)、醤油に醤油麹を仕込み、得られた諸味に酵母を添加して発酵熟成させる再仕込醤油の製造法において、諸味品温を仕込時から発酵熟成終了まで15〜23℃に保持し、用いる酵母として、所定の培養条件下で培養し、培養液中にエチルアルコールを2容量%以上生産蓄積する能力を有する酵母を使用する色沢が淡麗で香りが良好な再仕込醤油の製造法(例えば、特許文献2参照)や、醤油麹を食塩水とともに仕込み、発酵熟成の適当な時期に醤油と醤油麹を添加し更に熟成させる濃厚醤油の製造法(例えば、特許文献3参照)が知られている。これらは、いずれも醤油香気の改善を目的としたもので醤油香気そのものを減少させるものではなかった。また、得られた再仕込醤油の呈味成分の指標である全窒素含量はいずれも2.5%未満で、従来から知られている再仕込醤油とほぼ同程度である。 Various manufacturing methods have been proposed to improve the disadvantages of such re-soy soy sauce. For example, a method for producing a thick soy sauce that is fermented and matured with soy sauce cake using soy sauce that is separated from the moromi at the initial stage of the preparation (see, for example, Patent Document 1), soy sauce cake is added to the soy sauce, and yeast is added to the obtained taste. In the method of producing re-soy soy sauce to be fermented and matured, the temperature of the moromi product is maintained at 15 to 23 ° C. from the time of preparation until the end of the fermentation and maturation. Using a yeast that has the ability to produce and accumulate 2% by volume or more, a method for producing re-prepared soy sauce with a clean and fragrant flavor (see, for example, Patent Document 2), soy sauce cake with salt water, and fermentation There is known a method for producing concentrated soy sauce by adding soy sauce and soy sauce cake at an appropriate time for aging and further aging (for example, see Patent Document 3). These were all aimed at improving the soy sauce flavor and did not reduce the soy sauce flavor itself. Moreover, all the nitrogen content which is the parameter | index of the flavor component of the obtained recharged soy sauce is less than 2.5%, and is substantially the same as the conventionally known recharged soy sauce.
また、窒素濃度等の高い濃厚醤油としては、原料脱脂大豆に含まれている少糖類および有機酸を水または含水アルコールで抽出し、残渣を加熱により蛋白変性した後、炭水化物原料と混合し、該混合物に麹菌を接種して製麹し、これに食塩水を加えて仕込諸味発酵させる醤油の製造方法(例えば、特許文献4参照)や、大豆を蒸煮後水または温水で抽出して得られる糖類含有液を、仕込水の一部または全部として使用して調製した食塩水を、常法で得た醤油麹に加えて仕込み、諸味発酵させる濃厚本醸造醤油の製造法(例えば、特許文献5参照)や、醤油麹を醤油と混和し、発酵、熟成して濃厚醤油を製造する方法において、該醤油麹および該醤油として、それぞれ「米を使用した醤油麹」、「米醤油」を使用する濃厚醤油の製造方法(例えば、特許文献6参照)が知られている。しかしながら、これら濃厚醤油の製造方法は、用いる原料の処理工程に従来の醤油の製造法にはない新たな処理工程が必要なため、処理工程が増える等の欠点を有しており、また、得られる濃厚醤油の全窒素含量は高いものでも2.7%に止まり、また、醤油香を低減するには至っていない。 Further, as a concentrated soy sauce having a high nitrogen concentration or the like, the oligosaccharide and organic acid contained in the raw defatted soybean are extracted with water or hydrous alcohol, the residue is protein-denatured by heating, mixed with a carbohydrate raw material, Saccharide obtained by inoculating a koji mold into a mixture and making a koji, adding a salt solution to the soy sauce in which the soy sauce is fermented and fermented soy sauce (for example, see Patent Document 4), and extracting soybeans with water or warm water A method for producing concentrated brewed soy sauce in which salt solution prepared by using the contained liquid as part or all of the feed water is added to the soy sauce cake obtained by a conventional method and fermented with moromi (see, for example, Patent Document 5) ) And soy sauce cake mixed with soy sauce, fermented and matured to produce a concentrated soy sauce, the soy sauce cake and the soy sauce are made using “rice soy sauce cake” and “rice soy sauce” respectively. Soy sauce production method (for example, Known see Patent Document 6). However, these methods of producing soy sauce have disadvantages such as an increase in the number of processing steps because a new processing step not required in the conventional soy sauce manufacturing method is required in the processing method of the raw material used. Even if the total nitrogen content of the concentrated soy sauce is high, it is only 2.7%, and the soy sauce flavor has not been reduced.
さらに、グルテンを原料の一部に用いる方法として、乾燥グルテン25〜100%および小麦75〜0%とから成る原料に蒸気を直接添加して含水率を12〜18%の範囲内に調整して成型された原料を90〜70%と、大豆類を10〜30%配合した混合原料を用い、以下常法により製麹・醸造する、香気に優れ、こくがあって旨味を有する調味液の製造法(例えば、特許文献7参照)や、醤油麹、グルテンおよび食塩水とを混合して諸味とする際に、先ず醤油麹と食塩水とを混合し、この諸味を酵素分解して分解物の粘度を低下させ、次いでこの分解物に、活性グルテンを添加、混合して分散させる、高窒素を含有する調味液を容易に得る調味液の製造方法(例えば、特許文献8参照)や、乾物換算質量でグルテン25〜100%および小麦75〜0%とから成る原料を100〜60%と、大豆類を0〜40%配合した混合原料を用いて製麹し、次いで得られた麹を濃度7〜24%の食塩水と共に仕込み、醸造する淡色調味液の製造法(例えば、特許文献9参照)が知られている。しかしながら、これらの方法によっても、醤油香が低減され、しかも全窒素含量が4%以上でBrixが45以上であるような、味が濃厚で旨味の強い濃厚調味液とすることはできなかった。 Furthermore, as a method of using gluten as a part of the raw material, steam is directly added to the raw material consisting of 25 to 100% dry gluten and 75 to 0% wheat to adjust the water content within the range of 12 to 18%. Manufacture of a seasoning liquid with excellent aroma, richness and taste, using a mixed raw material containing 90 to 70% of the molded material and 10 to 30% of soybeans, and then smelting and brewing according to conventional methods. When mixing the soy sauce cake, gluten, and saline to make moromi, the soy sauce cake and saline are first mixed, and the mash is enzymatically decomposed to decompose the mash. A method for producing a seasoning solution that easily obtains a seasoning solution containing high nitrogen, in which the active gluten is added, mixed and dispersed in this decomposed product after reducing the viscosity, (for example, see Patent Document 8), or dry matter conversion 25-100% gluten by weight and Koji is made using 100 to 60% of raw material consisting of 75 to 0% wheat and 0 to 40% of soybeans, and then the obtained koji is charged with 7 to 24% saline. A method for producing a light-colored seasoning liquid to be brewed (see, for example, Patent Document 9) is known. However, even with these methods, a soy sauce flavor was reduced, and it was not possible to obtain a concentrated seasoning liquid having a strong taste and a strong umami taste with a total nitrogen content of 4% or more and a Brix of 45 or more.
近年、天然調味料に求められるニーズの一つとして、素材本来の味や香りを損なうことなく食品に旨みや濃厚感を付与することなどを挙げることができる。本発明の課題は、上記従来の調味液やその製造法の欠点を解消し、通常の醤油香が低減され、再仕込み醤油に特有の異質な醤油香が無く、しかも味が濃厚でエキス分が高くて旨味の強い調味液を提供することにある。小麦グルテンを用いた調味液、例えば特許文献7または9に記載の製造法により得られる調味液を、従来の再仕込醤油の製造法に適用しても、味が濃厚でエキス分が高く、旨味の強い調味液が得られるが、醤油香が発生してしまう。 In recent years, as one of the needs required for natural seasonings, it is possible to give taste and richness to foods without impairing the original taste and aroma of the raw materials. The problem of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the above-mentioned conventional seasoning liquid and its production method, to reduce the normal soy sauce flavor, there is no extraneous soy sauce flavor unique to re-filled soy sauce, and the taste is rich and the extract content is The object is to provide a seasoning liquid that is high and strong in flavor. Even if a seasoning liquid using wheat gluten, for example, a seasoning liquid obtained by the production method described in Patent Document 7 or 9, is applied to the conventional production method of re-soy sauce, the taste is rich and the extract content is high. A strong seasoning liquid is obtained, but soy sauce flavor is generated.
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために、従来の再仕込醤油の製造工程と同様の工程を何ら複雑化することなく、醤油原料の選択や、麹に食塩水と酵母を添加して醸造する期間、醸造後の火入れ、後半の工程における麹による酵素分解の条件や酵母添加の必要性など広範囲にわたり鋭意研究した結果、醤油の原料としてグルテンに小麦と大豆類を配合した混合原料を用いて製麹し、得られた麹を食塩水と共に仕込み、酵母を添加して醸造した後、圧搾して得られた一次調味液に、同様にして得られた麹を混合し、酵母を添加せずに10〜30℃で1〜3ヶ月間麹により酵素分解させ、火入れを行うことで、醤油香が低減され、しかも味が濃厚でエキス分が高く、旨味の強い調味液が得られることを見い出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have made the selection of soy sauce raw materials and added saline and yeast to the koji without complicating the same process as the conventional re-feed soy sauce manufacturing process. As a result of extensive research such as the brewing period, post-brewing firing, enzymatic decomposition conditions by rice bran in the latter half of the process and the necessity of yeast addition, a mixed raw material containing wheat and soybeans as a raw material for soy sauce was used. Then, add the yeast to the primary seasoning liquid obtained by squeezing, and then adding the yeast. Without lysing at 10-30 ° C. for 1 to 3 months with koji, and by burning, soy sauce flavor is reduced, and the flavor is rich, the extract content is high, and a strong umami seasoning liquid is obtained. As a result, the present invention has been completed.
すなわち本発明は、[1]乾物換算質量でグルテン25〜100%および小麦75〜0%とからなる原料100〜60%と大豆類0〜40%とを配合した混合原料を用いて製麹し、得られた麹を食塩水と共に仕込み、醤油酵母を添加して醸造した後、圧搾して一次調味液を得、この調味液に、乾物換算質量でグルテン25〜100%および小麦75〜0%とからなる原料100〜60%と大豆類0〜40%とを配合した混合原料を用いて製麹して得られた麹を混合し、醤油酵母を添加せずに10〜30℃で1〜3ヶ月間麹により酵素分解させた後、圧搾して火入れを行うことを特徴とする濃厚調味液の製造法に関する。 That is, the present invention is [1] koji making using a mixed raw material in which 100 to 60% of a raw material consisting of 25 to 100% of gluten and 75 to 0% of wheat and 0 to 40% of soybeans are blended in terms of dry matter. Then, the koji obtained was charged with salt water, brewed by adding soy sauce yeast, and then pressed to obtain a primary seasoning liquid. In this seasoning liquid, gluten 25 to 100% and wheat 75 to 0% in terms of dry matter A koji obtained by koji making using a mixed raw material containing 100% to 60% of a raw material and 0 to 40% of soybeans is mixed, and 1 to 10 to 30 ° C. without adding soy sauce yeast. The present invention relates to a method for producing a concentrated seasoning liquid characterized in that it is subjected to enzymatic digestion for 3 months and then squeezed and fired.
また本発明は、[2]濃厚調味液のBrixが45以上である、上記(1)記載の濃厚調味液の製造法や、[3]濃厚調味液の全窒素含量4.0%以上である、上記(1)または(2)記載の濃厚調味液の製造法や、[4]一次調味液を得るための醸造が10〜30℃で2〜5ヶ月間である、上記(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の濃厚調味液の製造法や、[5]上記(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の濃厚調味液の製造法により得られる濃厚調味液に関する。 The present invention also provides [2] the method for producing a concentrated seasoning liquid according to (1) above, wherein Brix of the concentrated seasoning liquid is 45 or more, and [3] the total nitrogen content of the concentrated seasoning liquid is 4.0% or more. The method for producing a concentrated seasoning liquid according to (1) or (2) above, or [4] brewing for obtaining a primary seasoning liquid at 10 to 30 ° C. for 2 to 5 months, It relates to a concentrated seasoning liquid obtained by the method for producing a concentrated seasoning liquid according to any one of 3) and [5] the method for producing a concentrated seasoning liquid according to any one of (1) to (4) above.
本発明によれば、従来の再仕込醤油が有する強い醤油香や濃口醤油には無い異質な醤油香を顕著に低減し、しかも味が濃厚でエキス分が高く、旨味の強い調味液を、一般的な再仕込み醤油と比較して短期間に製造することができる。本発明の濃厚調味液は、めんつゆや各種たれ、煮物等に添加して濃厚な旨味を付与し、素材由来の味や旨味に伸びや深みを与えることができる。さらに本発明の濃厚調味液は、魚卵加工液等の魚介類加工液やさしみ醤油に適量配合することで生臭みを低減し、またカレーやシチュー、おでんつゆ、各種惣菜のかくし味として少量添加することで旨味を底上げし、これら食品にコクや熟成感を付与するのに適する。 According to the present invention, a strong soy sauce flavored by conventional recharged soy sauce and a different soy sauce flavor not found in concentrated soy sauce are remarkably reduced, and the seasoning liquid having a strong taste, high extract content, and strong umami is generally used. It can be manufactured in a short period of time compared to traditional recharged soy sauce. The concentrated seasoning liquid of the present invention can be added to noodle soup, various sauces, boiled foods, etc. to give a rich umami taste, and can give elongation and depth to the taste and umami taste derived from the material. Furthermore, the concentrated seasoning liquid of the present invention reduces the raw odor by blending the proper amount into seafood processing liquid such as fish egg processing liquid and sashimi soy sauce, and also added in small amounts as a curry, stew, oden soup and various side dishes. By doing so, it is suitable for raising the umami taste and imparting richness and aging to these foods.
本発明の濃厚調味液の製造法としては、乾物換算質量でグルテン25〜100%および小麦75〜0%とからなる原料を100〜60%と大豆類を0〜40%配合した混合原料を用いて製麹し、得られた麹を食塩水と共に仕込み、醤油酵母を添加して醸造した後、圧搾して一次調味液を得、この調味液に、乾物換算質量でグルテン25〜100%および小麦75〜0%とからなる原料100〜60%と大豆類0〜40%とを配合した混合原料を用いて製麹して得られた麹を混合し、醤油酵母を添加せずに10〜30℃にて1〜3ヶ月間麹により酵素分解させた後、圧搾して火入れを行う製造法であれば特に制限されるものでなく、これら本発明においては、上述の一次調味液と麹を混合し、醤油酵母を添加せず10〜30℃にて1〜3ヶ月間麹により酵素分解させるという特徴を有する。本発明の濃厚調味液としては、上述の製造方法で得られる濃厚調味液であれば特に制限されるものでない。 As a manufacturing method of the concentrated seasoning liquid of this invention, the mixed raw material which mix | blended 100-60% of raw materials which consist of gluten 25-100% and wheat 75-0% by dry matter conversion mass, and 0-40% of soybeans is used. After brewing, adding the soy sauce yeast and brewing with soy sauce yeast, squeezed to obtain a primary seasoning liquid, and in this seasoning liquid, gluten 25 to 100% in terms of dry matter and wheat The koji obtained by koji making using the mixed raw material in which 100 to 60% of the raw material consisting of 75 to 0% and 0 to 40% of soybeans are mixed is mixed, and 10 to 30 without adding soy sauce yeast. It is not particularly limited as long as it is a production method in which the enzyme is decomposed by koji at 1 ° C. for 1 to 3 months and then pressed and fired. In these inventions, the above-mentioned primary seasoning liquid and koji are mixed. For 1 to 3 months at 10-30 ° C without adding soy sauce yeast It has a characteristic that is enzymatic degradation by. The concentrated seasoning liquid of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a concentrated seasoning liquid obtained by the above-described production method.
本発明における濃厚調味液は、Brixが45以上であることが好ましく、Brixが50以上であることがより好ましい。Brixが45以上であると、出来上がった製品の品質(旨味、甘味、およびコク味)が優れたものになる。また、全窒素含量が4.0%以上であることが好ましく、全窒素含量が4.5%以上であることがより好ましい。全窒素含量が4.0%以上であると、前述のBrixと同様に製品の品質が優れたものになる。なお、Brixとは、溶液100gあたりの可溶性固形物質量[g]をBrix(ブリックス度)として表示したものをいう。 The concentrated seasoning liquid in the present invention preferably has a Brix of 45 or more, and more preferably a Brix of 50 or more. When the Brix is 45 or more, the quality (deliciousness, sweetness, and richness) of the finished product becomes excellent. Further, the total nitrogen content is preferably 4.0% or more, and the total nitrogen content is more preferably 4.5% or more. When the total nitrogen content is 4.0% or more, the product quality is excellent as in the case of the aforementioned Brix. In addition, Brix means what displayed the amount [g] of soluble solid substance per 100g of solutions as Brix (Brix degree).
本発明で用いられるグルテンとしては、例えば、小麦グルテン、コーングルテンを挙げることができ、特に小麦グルテンが好ましい。水分を含んだ状態のもの(ウェットグルテン)は変敗しやすいので凍結状態のものか、あるいは変性を軽減させながら乾燥して得られる乾燥グルテンが挙げられ、特に乾燥グルテンが好ましい。乾燥グルテンとしては、バイタルグルテン粉末または乾麩等を挙げることができる。 Examples of the gluten used in the present invention include wheat gluten and corn gluten, and wheat gluten is particularly preferable. Since the water-containing state (wet gluten) is easily deteriorated, it can be frozen or dry gluten obtained by drying while reducing denaturation, and dry gluten is particularly preferred. Examples of dried gluten include vital gluten powder and dried gluten.
本発明における製麹工程で使用される麹としては、この種の調味液や醤油の製造に用いられる麹であれば特に制限されるものではなく、例えばアスペルギルス・オリゼ(Aspergillus oryzae)やアスペルギルス・ソーヤ(Aspergillus sojae)等を好適に例示することができる。製麹は常法により行えばよい。 The koji used in the koji making process of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is used in the production of this type of seasoning liquid or soy sauce. For example, Aspergillus oryzae or Aspergillus soya (Aspergillus sojae) etc. can be illustrated suitably. Ironmaking may be performed by a conventional method.
本発明において、澱粉質原料として用いる小麦は、小麦粒でも小麦粉でもよい。これらのグルテンまたはグルテンと小麦は、熱処理して蛋白質を十分に変性させることが好ましく、かかる熱変性の方法としては、水を加えずに蒸気を直接添加して含水率を12〜18%の範囲内に調整し、ペレットミル等で一旦成型した後、ゲージ圧1.0kg/cm2以上の高圧蒸煮缶にて2分間以上処理する方法、あるいは、グルテン単独またはグルテンと小麦の混合物をエクストルーダ−にて110℃以上の温度で押し出し成型する方法を好適に例示することができる。 In the present invention, the wheat used as a starchy raw material may be wheat grain or wheat flour. These gluten or gluten and wheat are preferably heat-treated to sufficiently denature the protein, and as a method of such heat denaturation, the water content is in the range of 12 to 18% by adding steam directly without adding water. After adjusting to the inside and molding once with a pellet mill, etc., a method of treating for 2 minutes or more in a high-pressure steam can with a gauge pressure of 1.0 kg / cm 2 or more, or using gluten alone or a mixture of gluten and wheat as an extruder A method of extruding at a temperature of 110 ° C. or higher can be suitably exemplified.
このように熱処理されたグルテンは完全に失活しており、粘着性も生じず、蛋白質の熱変性も十分であり、これを適宜粉砕し、これを盛込み水分35〜50%になるように加水して製麹に供しても何等作業性の支障もなく、むしろグルテンの膨潤性があるため堆積性に優れ、通風製麹には非常に好適なものとなる。更に、熱処理された大豆類と混合する場合も同様の優れた製麹効果を示す。また、このようにして得られた麹は、グルテンの使用割合が高まるほどプロテアーゼ活性、グルタミナーゼ活性が高くなる。 The heat-treated gluten is completely inactivated, no stickiness is produced, and heat denaturation of the protein is sufficient, and this is pulverized as appropriate and added to a water content of 35 to 50%. Thus, even if it is used for ironmaking, there is no problem in workability. Rather, swellability of gluten is excellent, so that it is excellent in sedimentation and is very suitable for ventilated ironmaking. Further, when mixed with heat-treated soybeans, the same excellent koji making effect is exhibited. In addition, the soot obtained in this manner has higher protease activity and glutaminase activity as the gluten usage rate increases.
本発明において、蛋白質原料として用いる大豆類としては、例えば脱脂大豆、丸大豆、割砕大豆等を挙げることができ、これらは加水または水浸漬した後蒸煮処理し、あるいは前記のグルテンや小麦と共にエクストルーダーにて110℃以上の温度で押し出し成型等を行って蛋白質を十分に変性させることが好ましい。 In the present invention, soybeans used as a protein raw material include, for example, defatted soybeans, whole soybeans, cracked soybeans, etc., which are hydrolyzed or soaked in water and then steamed, or are used together with the gluten and wheat. It is preferable that the protein is sufficiently denatured by extrusion molding or the like at a temperature of 110 ° C. or higher with a ruler.
本発明においては、上記のグルテンと小麦の配合割合を、両者の合計使用量中、乾物換算質量でグルテンを25〜100%、好ましくは50〜70%、小麦を75〜0%、好ましくは50〜30%とし、かつ大豆類の配合割合を、全使用原料中の0〜40%とすることが本発明の目的を達成する上で重要である。ここで、グルテンと小麦の配合については、グルテンのみを用い小麦を用いなくてもよいが、小麦を用いる場合には小麦を75%以下とし、グルテンを25%以上配合することが必要である。グルテンが25%より少ない場合には、旨味が不足がちになり、本発明の目的を達成し得ない。 In the present invention, the mixing ratio of gluten and wheat is 25 to 100%, preferably 50 to 70%, and 75 to 0%, preferably 50 to 50% of gluten in terms of dry matter in the total use amount of both. In order to achieve the object of the present invention, it is important to set the blending ratio of soybeans to 0 to 40% in all used raw materials. Here, regarding the blending of gluten and wheat, only gluten may be used and wheat may not be used. However, when wheat is used, it is necessary that the wheat is 75% or less and gluten is 25% or more. If the gluten content is less than 25%, the umami tends to be insufficient, and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved.
次に、大豆類を配合する場合には、全使用原料中、40%以下とすることが必要である。因みに、大豆類が40%より多い場合には、醤油香の発生を十分に低減させることができず、香りが劣ったものとなり、本発明の目的を達成し得ない。 Next, when blending soybeans, it is necessary to make it 40% or less in all the raw materials used. Incidentally, when there are more soybeans than 40%, generation | occurrence | production of soy sauce fragrance cannot fully be reduced, it becomes a thing with inferior fragrance, and cannot achieve the object of the present invention.
また、本発明においては、上記混合原料を用い、常法により製麹して得られた麹を濃度7〜24%の食塩水とともに仕込み、醤油酵母を添加して10〜30℃で2〜5ヶ月間、好ましくは10℃で2〜3ケ月間、あるいは10℃で1ケ月間次いで20〜25℃で1〜2ケ月間醸造した後、圧搾することにより一次調味液を得る。上記食塩濃度が7%未満の場合には、雑菌増殖による腐敗が生じるおそれがあり、他方24%を超える場合には、得られる調味液に旨味が不足がちとなるおそれがある。また、上記食塩水の仕込容量としては、混合原料質量の1.35〜1.65倍量とすることが好ましい。一次調味液作製の際には、圧搾後に一度、火入れを行うことが好ましい。この火入れを行うことにより、一次調味液中の酵母が死滅することにより以降の麹による酵素分解過程においてアルコール発酵を生じさせず、醤油香が低減する。火入れは80〜90℃で30分〜60分、次いで60〜70℃で60分〜120分保持した後自然放冷するか、またはプレートヒーター等により110℃〜120℃で数秒間処理後、60〜70℃で60分〜120分保持した後、自然放冷する方法を採用することができる。 Moreover, in this invention, using the said mixed raw material, the koji obtained by koji making by a conventional method is prepared with the salt solution with a density | concentration of 7-24%, soy sauce yeast is added, and it is 2-5 at 10-30 degreeC. After brewing for a month, preferably 2-3 months at 10 ° C, or 1 month at 10 ° C and then 1-2 months at 20-25 ° C, a primary seasoning liquid is obtained by pressing. When the salt concentration is less than 7%, there is a possibility that spoilage may occur due to the growth of various bacteria, and when it exceeds 24%, there is a risk that the resulting seasoning liquid has insufficient umami. Moreover, it is preferable to set it as 1.35 times 1.65 times the mixed raw material mass as the preparation capacity of the said salt solution. In the production of the primary seasoning liquid, it is preferable to perform heating once after pressing. By performing this firing, the yeast in the primary seasoning liquid is killed, so that alcohol fermentation does not occur in the subsequent enzymatic decomposition process with koji, and soy sauce flavor is reduced. The heating is carried out at 80 to 90 ° C. for 30 to 60 minutes, then held at 60 to 70 ° C. for 60 to 120 minutes and then allowed to cool naturally, or after treatment at 110 to 120 ° C. for several seconds with a plate heater or the like, 60 It is possible to employ a method of naturally cooling after holding at ˜70 ° C. for 60 minutes to 120 minutes.
上記一次調味液の調製に用いられる醤油酵母としては、通常の醤油の製造に利用される酵母であれば特に制限されず、チゴサッカロミセス・ルキシー(Zygosaccharomyces rouxii)などの酵母を好適に例示することができる。また、一次調味液の調製の際に、例えばペディオコッカス・ハロフィルス(Pediococcus halophilus)などの醤油用乳酸菌を必要に応じて添加することもできる。 The soy sauce yeast used for the preparation of the primary seasoning liquid is not particularly limited as long as it is a yeast used for the production of ordinary soy sauce, and preferably exemplified by yeasts such as Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. it can. Moreover, when preparing a primary seasoning liquid, for example, lactic acid bacteria for soy sauce such as Pediococcus halophilus can be added as necessary.
次に、この一次調味液に、上述の方法により得られた麹を混合する。このときの一次調味液の混合量は、麹の質量の1.2〜2.5倍量とすることが好ましい。一次調味液の混合量がこの範囲であると、圧搾性に優れ調味液の収量が著しく向上し、得られた調味液は醤油香が感じられず、酸味も抑えられ優れたものとなる。この一次調味液と麹の混合物を10℃〜30℃にて1〜3ヶ月間、好ましくは10℃で2〜3ケ月間次いで30℃で1ヶ月間、または10℃で1ケ月間次いで20℃で1ケ月間さらに25℃で1ヶ月間、麹により酵素分解させる。この麹に含まれるプロテアーゼ等の酵素による酵素分解により、この混合物に含まれるグルテンを主体とするタンパク質が分解され、得られる調味液に含まれる水溶性ペプチドおよびアミノ酸(例えばグルタミン酸等)の含量が増加する。また、麹による加水分解の際には醤油酵母を添加しないことが重要である。醤油酵母を添加するとアルコール発酵が起こり、醤油香が発生するため本発明の目的を達し得ない。 Next, the koji obtained by the above-mentioned method is mixed with this primary seasoning liquid. At this time, the mixing amount of the primary seasoning liquid is preferably 1.2 to 2.5 times the mass of the koji. When the mixing amount of the primary seasoning liquid is within this range, the compressibility is excellent and the yield of the seasoning liquid is remarkably improved, and the obtained seasoning liquid does not feel the soy sauce flavor, and the sourness is suppressed and becomes excellent. This mixture of primary seasoning liquid and koji is 10 to 30 ° C. for 1 to 3 months, preferably 10 ° C. for 2 to 3 months, then 30 ° C. for 1 month, or 10 ° C. for 1 month and then 20 ° C. And then enzymatically decompose with sputum for 1 month at 25 ° C for 1 month. Enzymatic degradation by enzymes such as protease contained in this koji decomposes gluten-containing proteins in this mixture, increasing the content of water-soluble peptides and amino acids (such as glutamic acid) contained in the resulting seasoning liquid To do. In addition, it is important not to add soy sauce yeast during hydrolysis with koji. When soy sauce yeast is added, alcoholic fermentation occurs and soy sauce flavor is generated, so that the object of the present invention cannot be achieved.
以下、参考例および実施例により本発明をより具体的に説明するが、本発明の技術的範囲はこれらの例示に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, although a reference example and an example explain the present invention more concretely, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these illustrations.
[参考例1]
バイタルグルテン粉末840gと、小麦粉560gを混合したものに直接蒸気を添加し、含水率15%でペレットミルにて直径4mmの円筒形になるように成型した後、ゲージ圧力1.5kg/cm2の飽和蒸気にて4分間蒸煮処理した後、これを粉砕して粉砕物を得た。一方、脱脂大豆600gに690mlの水を加え、ゲージ圧力1.0kg/cm2の飽和蒸気にて30分間処理して蒸煮大豆を得た。前記、粉砕物に420mlの水を加えた後、蒸煮大豆を混合し、更に水分が46%となるように調整の上、この混合物に種麹としてアスペルギルス・オリゼを接種した後、22〜35℃にて40時間製麹し、麹を得た。このように得られた麹を22.0%濃度の食塩水3000mlとともに仕込み、仕込み1.5ヶ月後に市販の醤油酵母を添加して醸造を行った。その際の醸造条件は、10℃で1ヶ月間次いで20℃で1ヶ月間さらに25℃で1ヶ月間とした。醸造後、圧搾して、85℃で30分、次いで65℃で90分の火入れを行うことにより調味液を得た。
[Reference Example 1]
Steam was added directly to a mixture of 840 g of vital gluten powder and 560 g of wheat flour, and after molding into a cylindrical shape with a water content of 15% and a pellet mill with a diameter of 4 mm, the gauge pressure was 1.5 kg / cm 2 . After steaming with saturated steam for 4 minutes, this was pulverized to obtain a pulverized product. On the other hand, 690 ml of water was added to 600 g of defatted soybean and treated with saturated steam having a gauge pressure of 1.0 kg / cm 2 for 30 minutes to obtain steamed soybean. After 420 ml of water was added to the pulverized product, steamed soybeans were mixed, and after adjusting the water content to 46%, the mixture was inoculated with Aspergillus oryzae as seed seeds, and then the temperature was 22 to 35 ° C. And slag was obtained for 40 hours. The koji obtained in this manner was charged together with 3000 ml of 22.0% strength saline, and brewing was carried out by adding commercially available soy sauce yeast 1.5 months after charging. The brewing conditions at that time were 10 ° C for 1 month, 20 ° C for 1 month, and 25 ° C for 1 month. After brewing, it was squeezed and heated at 85 ° C. for 30 minutes and then at 65 ° C. for 90 minutes to obtain a seasoning liquid.
[実施例1]
参考例1で得られた調味液(一次調味液)2000mlと、参考例1と同様にして得られた麹1000gを混合して、10℃で1ヶ月間次いで20℃で1ヶ月間さらに25℃で1ヶ月間麹により酵素分解させ、圧搾した後、85℃で30分次いで65℃で90分間の火入れを行うことにより濃厚調味液を得た。なお、酵素分解の際には醤油酵母は添加しなかった。
[Example 1]
2000 ml of the seasoning liquid (primary seasoning liquid) obtained in Reference Example 1 and 1000 g of koji obtained in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 were mixed and mixed at 10 ° C. for 1 month and then at 20 ° C. for 1 month and further at 25 ° C. Then, the mixture was enzymatically decomposed with koji for 1 month and squeezed, followed by heating at 85 ° C. for 30 minutes and then at 65 ° C. for 90 minutes to obtain a concentrated seasoning liquid. In addition, soy sauce yeast was not added during the enzymatic decomposition.
[実施例2]
参考例1で得られた調味液(一次調味液)1400mlと、参考例1と同様にして得られた麹1000gを混合し、30℃で1ヶ月間麹により酵素分解させ、圧搾した後、85℃で30分次いで65℃で90分間の火入れを行うことにより濃厚調味液を得た。なお、酵素分解の際には醤油酵母は添加しなかった。
[Example 2]
After mixing 1400 ml of the seasoning liquid (primary seasoning liquid) obtained in Reference Example 1 and 1000 g of koji obtained in the same manner as in Reference Example 1, the mixture was enzymatically decomposed with koji at 30 ° C. for 1 month, and then pressed. A thick seasoning liquid was obtained by heating at 65 ° C. for 30 minutes and then at 65 ° C. for 90 minutes. In addition, soy sauce yeast was not added during the enzymatic decomposition.
[実施例3]
参考例1で得られた調味液(一次調味液)2300mlと、参考例1と同様にして得られた麹1000gを混合し、30℃で1ヶ月間麹により酵素分解させ、圧搾した後、85℃で30分、次いで65℃で90分間の火入れを行うことにより濃厚調味液を得た。なお、酵素分解の際には醤油酵母は添加しなかった。
[Example 3]
After mixing 2300 ml of the seasoning liquid (primary seasoning liquid) obtained in Reference Example 1 and 1000 g of koji obtained in the same manner as in Reference Example 1, the mixture was enzymatically decomposed with koji at 30 ° C. for 1 month, and then pressed. A thick seasoning liquid was obtained by heating at 65 ° C. for 30 minutes and then at 65 ° C. for 90 minutes. In addition, soy sauce yeast was not added during the enzymatic decomposition.
[実施例4]
参考例1において醸造し圧搾した後に火入れ処理をしないこと以外は、参考例1と同様にして一次調味液を得た。この一次調味液2000mlと参考例1と同様にして得られた麹1000gを混合し、10℃で1ヶ月間次いで20℃で1ヶ月間さらに25℃で1ヶ月間麹により酵素分解させ、圧搾した後、85℃で30分次いで65℃で90分間の火入れを行うことにより濃厚調味液を得た。なお、酵素分解の際には醤油酵母は添加しなかった。
[Example 4]
A primary seasoning liquid was obtained in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 except that after brewing and squeezing in Reference Example 1 and no burning treatment was performed. 2000 ml of this primary seasoning liquid and 1000 g of the koji obtained in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 were mixed, enzymatically decomposed by koji for 1 month at 10 ° C., then for 1 month at 20 ° C. and further for 1 month at 25 ° C. Then, a thick seasoning liquid was obtained by performing heating at 85 ° C for 30 minutes and then at 65 ° C for 90 minutes. In addition, soy sauce yeast was not added during the enzymatic decomposition.
[実施例5]
参考例1において、バイタルグルテン粉末1200gと小麦粉800gを用いたこと以外は、参考例1と同様にして蒸煮・粉砕物を得た。この粉砕物に水を加えることにより、水分が46%となるように調整の上、種麹を接種した後、22〜35℃にて40時間製麹して麹を得た。このように得られた麹を22.0%濃度の食塩水3000mlとともに仕込み、仕込み1.5ヶ月後に市販の醤油酵母を添加して醸造を行った。その際の醸造条件は、10℃で1ヶ月間次いで20℃で1ヶ月間さらに25℃で1ヶ月間とした。醸造後、圧搾して、85℃で30分次いで65℃で90分の火入れをすることにより一次調味液を得た。
得られた一次調味液2000mlに、上記と同様にして得られた麹1000gを混合し、30℃で1ヶ月間麹により酵素分解させ、圧搾した後、85℃で30分次いで65℃で90分間の火入れを行うことにより濃厚調味液を得た。なお、酵素分解の際には醤油酵母は添加しなかった。
[Example 5]
In Reference Example 1, a steamed and pulverized product was obtained in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 except that 1200 g of vital gluten powder and 800 g of wheat flour were used. Water was added to this pulverized product to adjust the water content to 46%, and after inoculation with seed pods, koji was obtained at 22-35 ° C. for 40 hours to obtain cocoons. The koji obtained in this manner was charged together with 3000 ml of 22.0% strength saline, and brewing was carried out by adding commercially available soy sauce yeast 1.5 months after charging. The brewing conditions at that time were 10 ° C for 1 month, 20 ° C for 1 month, and 25 ° C for 1 month. After brewing, the mixture was squeezed and heated at 85 ° C. for 30 minutes and then at 65 ° C. for 90 minutes to obtain a primary seasoning liquid.
1000 g of koji obtained in the same manner as described above was mixed with 2000 ml of the obtained primary seasoning liquid, enzymatically decomposed with koji at 30 ° C. for 1 month, pressed, then at 85 ° C. for 30 minutes and then at 65 ° C. for 90 minutes. A thick seasoning liquid was obtained by performing the above heating. In addition, soy sauce yeast was not added during the enzymatic decomposition.
[比較例1]
参考例1で得られた調味液(一次調味液)2000mlと参考例1と同様にして得られた麹1000gを混合して、10℃で1ヶ月間次いで20℃で1ヶ月間さらに25℃で4ヶ月間麹により酵素分解させた後、圧搾して、85℃で30分次いで65℃で90分間の火入れを行うことにより調味液を得た。なお、酵素分解の際には醤油酵母は添加しなかった。
[Comparative Example 1]
2000 ml of the seasoning liquid (primary seasoning liquid) obtained in Reference Example 1 and 1000 g of koji obtained in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 were mixed and mixed at 10 ° C for 1 month, then at 20 ° C for 1 month and at 25 ° C. Enzymatic decomposition was performed with a koji for 4 months, followed by pressing, and a seasoning liquid was obtained by performing heating at 85 ° C. for 30 minutes and then at 65 ° C. for 90 minutes. In addition, soy sauce yeast was not added during the enzymatic decomposition.
[比較例2]
参考例1で得られた調味液(一次調味液)2000mlと参考例1と同様にして得られた麹1000gを仕込み、仕込み1.5ヶ月後に市販の醤油酵母を添加して醸造を行った。その際の醸造条件は一次調味液と同じ醸造条件であり、10℃で1ヶ月間次いで20℃で1ヶ月間さらに25℃で1ヶ月間とした。醸造後、圧搾し85℃で30分次いで65℃で90分の火入れを行うことにより調味液を得た。
[Comparative Example 2]
2000 ml of the seasoning liquid (primary seasoning liquid) obtained in Reference Example 1 and 1000 g of koji obtained in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 were charged, and brewing was performed by adding commercially available soy sauce yeast 1.5 months after the charging. The brewing conditions at that time were the same as those for the primary seasoning liquid, and were set at 10 ° C. for 1 month, then at 20 ° C. for 1 month, and further at 25 ° C. for 1 month. After the brewing, the seasoning liquid was obtained by pressing and heating at 85 ° C. for 30 minutes and then at 65 ° C. for 90 minutes.
[試験例]
本発明の製法により得られた濃厚調味液についての評価試験を下記のように行った。
実施例1〜5、参考例1および比較例1〜2で得られた各調味液のBrix、全窒素含量(%)を測定した。また、実施例1〜5および比較例1〜2の調味液の香り、呈味性について、官能評価を以下に示す評価基準で10人のパネラーで行った。さらに、市販の濃口醤油、市販の再仕込醤油についても同様にBrix、全窒素含量(%)を測定し、香り、呈味性の官能評価を行った。これらの結果を表1に示す。
[Test example]
The evaluation test about the thick seasoning liquid obtained by the manufacturing method of this invention was done as follows.
Brix and total nitrogen content (%) of each seasoning liquid obtained in Examples 1 to 5, Reference Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were measured. Moreover, about the fragrance of the seasoning liquid of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2, and taste, sensory evaluation was performed by the 10 panelists on the evaluation criteria shown below. Furthermore, Brix and total nitrogen content (%) were similarly measured for commercially available soy sauce and commercially available soy sauce, and sensory evaluation of aroma and taste was performed. These results are shown in Table 1.
評価基準は次のとおり5段階で評価した。
香り
5:醤油香が参考例1の調味液より少ない。
4:醤油香が参考例1の調味液よりやや少ない。
3:醤油香が参考例1の調味液と同程度に感じられる。
2:醤油香が参考例1の調味液よりやや強い。
1:醤油香が参考例1の調味液より強い。
呈味性
5:旨味が参考例1の調味液より強い。
4:旨味が参考例1の調味液よりやや強い。
3:旨味が参考例1の調味液と同程度に感じられる。
2:旨味が参考例1の調味液よりやや弱い。
1:旨味が参考例1の調味液より弱い。
Evaluation criteria were evaluated in five stages as follows.
Scent 5: Soy sauce flavor is less than the seasoning liquid of Reference Example 1.
4: Soy sauce flavor is slightly less than the seasoning liquid of Reference Example 1.
3: Soy sauce flavor is felt to the same extent as the seasoning liquid of Reference Example 1.
2: Soy sauce flavor is slightly stronger than the seasoning liquid of Reference Example 1.
1: Soy sauce flavor is stronger than the seasoning liquid of Reference Example 1.
Taste 5: Umami is stronger than the seasoning liquid of Reference Example 1.
4: Umami is slightly stronger than the seasoning liquid of Reference Example 1.
3: Umami is felt to the same extent as the seasoning liquid of Reference Example 1.
2: Umami is slightly weaker than the seasoning liquid of Reference Example 1.
1: Umami is weaker than the seasoning liquid of Reference Example 1.
表1に示される結果から明らかなように、Brixと全窒素含量(%)についてみると、本発明の実施例1〜5で得られた濃厚調味液の分析値は、Brix45以上、全窒素含量(%)4.1以上を示し、参考例1の調味液と比較して高い値であり、市販の濃口醤油や再仕込醤油と比べて顕著に高いが、比較例1(6ヶ月間麹により酵素分解させたもの)および比較例2(麹による酵素分解の代わりにさらに醤油酵母を添加して醸造させたもの)と同等であった。次に、香りおよび呈味性についてみると、本発明の実施例1〜5の濃厚調味液は、参考例1の調味液より醤油香が少なく、旨味が強いものであった。比較例1、2と比較すると、呈味性は同程度であるが、醤油香の低減は顕著であった。一方、市販の濃口醤油や再仕込醤油は、参考例1の調味液と比較して、醤油香が強く感じられ、旨味は弱いという評価であった。また、実施例1〜5の調味液では、再仕込醤油が有する濃口醤油には無い異質な醤油香は無く、また酸味についても参考例1の調味液や濃口醤油、再仕込醤油よりも低減されていた。このように、本発明に係る濃厚調味液は、旨味が強い、即ち、好ましい旨味を維持し、かつ醤油香が低減された濃厚調味液であることがわかった。 As is apparent from the results shown in Table 1, when the Brix and the total nitrogen content (%) are observed, the analytical values of the concentrated seasonings obtained in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention are Brix 45 or more and the total nitrogen content. (%) 4.1 or higher, which is higher than the seasoning liquid of Reference Example 1, and is significantly higher than the commercially available concentrated soy sauce and re-prepared soy sauce. Enzymatic degradation) and Comparative Example 2 (what was brewed by adding soy sauce yeast in place of enzymatic degradation by koji). Next, regarding the aroma and taste, the concentrated seasonings of Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention had less soy sauce flavor and stronger umami than the seasoning of Reference Example 1. Compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the taste was similar, but the reduction in soy sauce flavor was significant. On the other hand, compared with the seasoning liquid of Reference Example 1, commercially available concentrated soy sauce and re-prepared soy sauce were evaluated as having a strong soy sauce flavor and weak umami. Moreover, in the seasoning liquid of Examples 1-5, there is no extraneous soy sauce flavor which is not in the thick soy sauce which a recharged soy sauce has, and also the sourness is reduced compared with the seasoning liquid of the reference example 1, a thick soy sauce, and a recharged soy sauce. It was. Thus, it was found that the concentrated seasoning liquid according to the present invention is a concentrated seasoning liquid having a strong umami taste, that is, maintaining a preferable umami taste and having reduced soy sauce flavor.
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JP2010136644A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2010-06-24 | Asanuma Shoyuten:Kk | Method for producing liquid seasoning, and liquid seasoning |
JP2020171211A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-22 | 日本製粉株式会社 | Pasta-like wheat malt, seasoning using pasta-like wheat malt, and method for producing the same |
JP2021170987A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-11-01 | 株式会社Mizkan Holdings | Thermally processed gluten, brewed product using the same, and method for producing the same |
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JP2010136644A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2010-06-24 | Asanuma Shoyuten:Kk | Method for producing liquid seasoning, and liquid seasoning |
JP2020171211A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-22 | 日本製粉株式会社 | Pasta-like wheat malt, seasoning using pasta-like wheat malt, and method for producing the same |
JP7288335B2 (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2023-06-07 | 株式会社ニップン | Pasta-like wheat koji, seasoning using pasta-like wheat koji, and method for producing the same |
JP2021170987A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-11-01 | 株式会社Mizkan Holdings | Thermally processed gluten, brewed product using the same, and method for producing the same |
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