JP2007228106A - Time interpolation processing method of digital transmission apparatus and digital transmission apparatus - Google Patents
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本発明は、デジタル伝送装置に関するもので、特に制御信号(ＴＭＣＣ：Transmission and Mu1tip1exing Configuration Control)を利用したＯＦＤＭ変調によるデジタル伝送装置の送信側の切替時における伝送路推定手段の改善に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a digital transmission apparatus, and more particularly to improvement of transmission path estimation means when switching a transmission side of a digital transmission apparatus by OFDM modulation using a control signal (TMCC: Transmission and Mu1tip1 Exing Configuration Control).
図３、図４、図５、図６、図７を用いて背景技術の説明をする。図３は送受信間の構成の一例を示したブロック図、図４はＯＦＤＭ信号のキャリア配置を示した図である。図５は背景技術における送信部のアンテナ切替制御および受信部の伝送路推定処理の構成を示すブロック図である。図６はメモリに格納するシンボルと内挿処理に使用するシンボルを示す模式図である。図７は、背景技術における送信側のアンテナ切替時前後のタイミングチャートおよび１キャリアに着目した時の位相を示した図である。
図３（ａ）は、送信部３０３の出力アンテナ３０１，３０２を切り替え、受信部３０４に伝送する構成、図３（ｂ）は、送信側の現用機３０６、予備機３０７を切り替え、受信部３０４に伝送する構成を示している。図４に示すＯＦＤＭ信号は、パイロットキャリア４０１〜４０６、データキャリア４０７〜４０９で構成されている。図５は、送信部３０３のアンテナ切替制御を行う切り替え認識部１０１、制御部１０２、キャリア選択部１０４の構成、受信部３０４の伝送路推定処理を行う、メモリ１０６、時間内挿処理部１０７の構成の一例である。
送受信間において送信部のアンテナが２つ、もしくはそれ以上備える構成となっている場合、それぞれの伝送条件により、アンテナを切替ることが必要になる。 例えば、ヘリコプタが旋回する時は両翼に備えられている出力アンテナをあるタイミングで切替ることになる。この場合、図３（ａ）に示すように、出力アンテナ３０１と出力アンテナ３０２とを切替ることになる。 また、現用機と予備機を有する構成の場合、現用機の保守作業やトラブル時には、図３（ｂ）に示すように現用機３０６から予備機３０７に切り替える必要がある。
ＯＦＤＭ変調による通信を行う際、パイロットキャリアの配置として、時間方向に連続して挿入されるＣＰ(Continual Pilot)と、図４に示すような、時間方向に所定シンボル間隔で、キャリア方向に所定キャリア間隔で挿入されるＳＰ(Scattered Pilot)の２つの方式がある。この内、ＳＰの方式を採用する場合、受信側では、パイロットキャリア間のデータキャリアを時間内挿処理を行うことで、データキャリアを等化補間する。
The background art will be described with reference to FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a configuration between transmission and reception, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a carrier arrangement of OFDM signals. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of antenna switching control of the transmission unit and transmission path estimation processing of the reception unit in the background art. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing symbols stored in a memory and symbols used for interpolation processing. FIG. 7 is a timing chart before and after the antenna switching on the transmission side in the background art and a diagram showing a phase when paying attention to one carrier.
3A illustrates a configuration in which the output antennas 301 and 302 of the transmission unit 303 are switched and transmitted to the reception unit 304. FIG. 3B illustrates a configuration in which the transmission side active unit 306 and the standby unit 307 are switched and the reception unit 304 is switched. The configuration for transmission is shown in FIG. The OFDM signal shown in FIG. 4 includes pilot carriers 401 to 406 and data carriers 407 to 409. FIG. 5 illustrates the configuration of the switching recognition unit 101 that performs antenna switching control of the transmission unit 303, the control unit 102, the carrier selection unit 104, the transmission path estimation processing of the reception unit 304, the memory 106, and the time interpolation processing unit 107. It is an example of a structure.
When the transmission unit has two or more antennas between transmission and reception, it is necessary to switch the antennas depending on the transmission conditions. For example, when the helicopter turns, the output antennas provided on both wings are switched at a certain timing. In this case, as shown in FIG. 3A, the output antenna 301 and the output antenna 302 are switched. In the case of a configuration having an active machine and a spare machine, it is necessary to switch from the active machine 306 to the spare machine 307 as shown in FIG.
When performing communication by OFDM modulation, the arrangement of pilot carriers is CP (Continual Pilot) continuously inserted in the time direction, and predetermined carriers in the carrier direction at predetermined symbol intervals in the time direction as shown in FIG. There are two methods of SP (Scattered Pilot) inserted at intervals. Among these, when the SP method is adopted, the data carrier is equalized and interpolated on the receiving side by performing time interpolation processing on the data carrier between pilot carriers.
具体的な処理内容は図５に示すように、受信部３０４において、受信した高周波(ＲＦ)信号を中間周波(ＩＦ)信号に変換し、メモリ１０６に一旦格納し、メモリ１０６から読み出す信号を用いることで、時間内挿処理部１０７において、パイロットキャリア間の内挿処理を行い、データキャリアの等化(伝送路推定)を行う。この時、メモリ１０６に格納されている信号は、例えば、図６に示すように、等化する信号に対して前後３シンボル分である。これは、パイロットキャリアが図４のような配置になっている場合には、内挿処理を行うのに、前後３シンボルの信号が必要だからである。例えば、図４のデータキャリア４０７は、パイロットキャリア４０１と４０２により内挿処理される。同様に、データキャリア４０８はパイロットキャリア４０３と４０４により、データキャリア４０９はパイロットキャリア４０５と４０６により内挿処理される。
図５において、送信側では、切り替え認識部１０１により、アンテナ３０１，３０２の切替タイミングを認識し、それを基に制御部１０２は、送信部３０３のアンテナ切替制御を行う。送信部３０３に入力する信号は、データキャリア、ＴＭＣＣキャリア、パイロットキャリアそれぞれのキャリアタイミングによって選択される。
なお、図５は、図３の（ａ）のアンテナ切替を例として示しているが、図３の（ｂ）の現用機／予備機切替の場合もほぼ同様で、アンテナを切り替えるのか現用機と予備機の系統を切り替えるのかの違いである。従来技術では、送信側は切替タイミングが発生するとそれに応じて切り替えるだけであり、さらに送信側が切り替わっても受信側は特に意識せずに内挿処理を行っている。
しかし、送信側のアンテナまたは現用／予備機が切り替わるということは、その前後で信号の状態が変化することになる。例えば、図３の（ａ）、（ｂ）のように出力アンテナや装置自体を切り替える場合、信号の位相が不連続に変化してしまう。
つまり、あるキャリアに着目すると、図７に示す位相関係のように、不連続に変化することになる。このような状況で、受信側で切り替え前後のパイロットキャリアを基に内挿処理を行うと、状態の異なる信号どうしで内挿処理を行うことになり、伝送路推定特性が劣化し、結果として正しい復号ができなくなってしまう。
例えば、図７に示すように、切り替え後の(6)の信号を内挿処理する場合は、切り替え前の(3)(4)(5)の信号と切り替え後の(7)(8)(9)の信号を用いることになる。こうなると、切り替えにより状態が変化した信号での内挿処理となるので特性が劣化してしまう。
In FIG. 5, on the transmission side, the switching recognition unit 101 recognizes the switching timing of the antennas 301 and 302, and the control unit 102 performs antenna switching control of the transmission unit 303 based on the recognition timing. The signal input to the transmission unit 303 is selected according to the carrier timing of each of the data carrier, TMCC carrier, and pilot carrier.
FIG. 5 shows the antenna switching in FIG. 3 (a) as an example, but the case of switching between the active machine / standby machine in FIG. 3 (b) is almost the same. The difference is whether to switch the spare system. In the conventional technique, when the switching timing occurs, the transmission side only switches accordingly, and even when the transmission side is switched, the receiving side performs interpolation processing without being particularly conscious.
However, when the transmitting antenna or the working / standby device is switched, the signal state changes before and after that. For example, when the output antenna or the device itself is switched as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the signal phase changes discontinuously.
That is, when attention is paid to a certain carrier, it changes discontinuously as in the phase relationship shown in FIG. In such a situation, if interpolation processing is performed based on pilot carriers before and after switching on the receiving side, interpolation processing is performed between signals in different states, and the channel estimation characteristics deteriorate, resulting in correctness. It becomes impossible to decrypt.
For example, as shown in FIG. 7, when the signal (6) after switching is interpolated, the signals (3), (4), and (5) before switching and (7), (8) ( The signal of 9) will be used. In this case, the characteristic is deteriorated because the interpolation process is performed with the signal whose state has been changed by switching.
従来技術では、送信側はアンテナまたは現用／予備機の切替タイミングが発生すると、それに応じ切り替えるだけであり、送信側が切り替わっても受信側は特に意識せずに内挿処理を行っている。しかし、この方法では切り替え前後の状態が変化した信号による内挿処理を行うことになるため、伝送路推定特性が劣化し、結果として正しい復号ができなくなってしまう。
本発明はこれらの欠点を除去し、送信側で送信される信号の切り替えタイミングを示す制御情報を生成し、この制御情報により受信側で切り替えタイミングを認識し、それにより受信側での内挿処理を制御して特性劣化を軽減できるようにすることを目的とする。
In the prior art, when the switching timing of the antenna or the working / standby device is generated, the transmitting side only switches in response thereto, and even when the transmitting side is switched, the receiving side performs the interpolation process without being aware of it. However, in this method, interpolation processing is performed using a signal whose state before and after switching has changed, so that the channel estimation characteristics deteriorate, and as a result, correct decoding cannot be performed.
The present invention eliminates these drawbacks, generates control information indicating the switching timing of a signal transmitted on the transmission side, recognizes the switching timing on the reception side based on this control information, and thereby interpolates on the reception side The purpose of this is to reduce the deterioration of characteristics by controlling.
本発明は上記目的を達成するため、時間方向に分散配置されたパイロットキャリアを含むＯＦＤＭ方式により変調された信号を送受信するデジタル伝送装置において、送信側では信号の切り替えタイミングを示す制御情報をＴＭＣＣ中に組み込んで受信側に伝送し、受信側では伝送された上記切り替えタイミングを示す制御情報を認識し、受信した信号の切り替えタイミングの前後の所定期間、パイロットキャリア間のデータキャリアを補間する時間内挿処理動作を停止するようにしたデジタル伝送装置の時間内挿処理方法である。
また、時間方向に分散配置されたパイロットキャリアを含むＯＦＤＭ方式により変調された信号を送受信するデジタル伝送装置において、送信側に、信号の切り替えタイミングを示す制御情報を生成する手段と、該制御情報をＴＭＣＣ中に組み込み受信側に伝送する手段を有し、受信側に、受信信号を格納するメモリと、該メモリから読み出される信号により内挿処理を行う時間内挿処理手段と、受信したＴＭＣＣ中の上記制御情報により信号の切り替えタイミングを認識する切り替え認識手段と、認識した信号の切り替えタイミングの前後の所定期間、上記時間内挿処理手段の動作を停止させる制御手段を有する構成としたデジタル伝送装置である。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a digital transmission apparatus that transmits and receives a signal modulated by an OFDM method including pilot carriers distributed in the time direction. And interpolating the data carrier between pilot carriers for a predetermined period before and after the switching timing of the received signal. This is a time interpolation processing method for a digital transmission apparatus in which processing operation is stopped.
Further, in a digital transmission apparatus that transmits and receives a signal modulated by an OFDM method including pilot carriers dispersedly arranged in a time direction, means for generating control information indicating signal switching timing on the transmitting side, and the control information In the TMCC, there is a means for transmitting to the built-in receiving side, and on the receiving side, a memory for storing the received signal, a time interpolation processing means for performing an interpolation process by a signal read from the memory, and a received TMCC A digital transmission apparatus comprising: a switching recognition means for recognizing a signal switching timing based on the control information; and a control means for stopping the operation of the time interpolation processing means for a predetermined period before and after the recognized signal switching timing. is there.
送信側でアンテナまたは現用／予備機の切替タイミングに関する制御情報をＴＭＣＣに組み込み受信側に通知し、受信側ではそれを基に、切り替え前後の信号による内挿処理を行わないよう制御を行うことで、切り替え時の伝送路推定特性の劣化を軽減できる。 By sending control information about the switching timing of the antenna or working / standby unit to the TMCC on the transmitting side and notifying the receiving side, and on the receiving side, control is performed so as not to perform interpolation processing with signals before and after switching. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the deterioration of the transmission path estimation characteristics at the time of switching.
図１、図２を用いて本発明を実施するための最良の形態を説明する。図１は、本発明における送信側のアンテナまたは現用機／予備機の切替制御および受信側の伝送路推定処理の構成を示すブロック図である。図２は、送信側切替時前後のタイミングチャートおよび１キャリアに着目した時の位相を示したタイミングチャートである。図１は、切り替え認識部１０１、制御部１０２、送信部１０３、キャリア選択部１０４、制御情報生成部１０５、メモリ１０６、時間内挿処理部１０７、切り替え認識部１０８、制御部１０９により構成される。
まず、送信側では、切り替え認識部１０１により、アンテナまたは現用／予備機の切り替えタイミングを認識し、このタイミングに基づき、制御部１０２により送信部１０３を制御する。また制御部１０２は、この切り替えタイミングを制御情報生成部１０５に通知する。制御情報生成部１０５では、そのタイミングを基に制御情報を生成し、ＴＭＣＣに挿入する。
この制御情報の挿入方法としては、１）ＴＭＣＣ中の制御信号を、切り替えタイミングの数ビット前から変化(例えば反転)させ、変化した制御信号ビットが複数回連続した時点を切替タイミングとし次に切り替わるまではその値を変化させない、２）切替タイミングに合わせてＴＭＣＣ中の数ビットを用いてカウントダウンする、３）切替タイミングに合わせてＴＭＣＣ中に存在しないようなユニークワードを挿入し、受信側ではこのユニークワードに基づき切り替えタイミングを認識し内挿処理を行う、という方法が考えられる。なお、送信部１０３に入力する信号は、従来技術と同様にデータキャリア、ＴＭＣＣキャリア、パイロットキャリアそれぞれのキャリアタイミングによって選択される。
The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of transmission side antenna or active / spare unit switching control and reception side transmission path estimation processing in the present invention. FIG. 2 is a timing chart before and after the transmission side switching and a timing chart showing a phase when focusing on one carrier. 1 includes a switching recognition unit 101, a control unit 102, a transmission unit 103, a carrier selection unit 104, a control information generation unit 105, a memory 106, a time interpolation processing unit 107, a switching recognition unit 108, and a control unit 109. .
First, on the transmission side, the switching recognition unit 101 recognizes the switching timing of the antenna or the working / standby unit, and the control unit 102 controls the transmission unit 103 based on this timing. In addition, the control unit 102 notifies the control information generation unit 105 of this switching timing. The control information generation unit 105 generates control information based on the timing and inserts it into the TMCC.
As a method for inserting the control information, 1) the control signal in TMCC is changed (for example, inverted) from several bits before the switching timing, and the switching timing is changed to the next time when the changed control signal bits are continued a plurality of times. 2) Count down using several bits in TMCC at the switching timing. 3) Insert a unique word that does not exist in TMCC at the switching timing. A method of recognizing switching timing based on a unique word and performing interpolation processing is conceivable. Note that the signal input to the transmission unit 103 is selected according to the carrier timing of each of the data carrier, the TMCC carrier, and the pilot carrier, as in the prior art.
受信部３０４で時間内挿処理を行う場合、従来技術と同様に受信した信号を一旦メモリ１０６に格納し、その後メモリ１０６内の信号を読み出して処理を行う。この時、受信信号をメモリ１０６に格納するのと並行して切り替え認識部１０８では、ＴＭＣＣ中の切り替えタイミングの制御情報を送信側の挿入方法に従い参照し、切り替えタイミングを認識する。
制御部１０９では、切り替え認識部１０８から通知される切り替えタイミングの情報を基に、時間内挿処理部１０７の制御を行うが、切り替え前後の信号によって内挿処理を行う場合は、時間内挿処理を停止する。そして、切り替え後のみの信号で内挿処理を行えるようになれば、再び時間内挿処理を開始する。ここで、図６に示すように内挿処理を行うには等化対象となる信号に対して、例えば、前後３シンボル分の信号が必要であるので、その間で切り替えが発生した場合は内挿処理を停止しなくてはならない。つまり、受信側では実際に切り替わるよりも３シンボル分早く、切り替えタイミングを認識できなくてはならない。したがって、送信側で切り替えタイミングの制御情報を挿入するタイミングを実際の切り替えタイミングよりも３シンボル分早くしなければならないことになる。
図２は切り替えタイミングの制御情報の挿入例であるが、ＴＭＣＣ中の制御信号に変化(受信データ(2)のタイミングで"１"から"０"に変化)があり、この状態が複数ビット連続すれば切り替えタイミングと認識(図２の例では、"０"に変化して２ビット連続した受信データ(4)のタイミングを切り替えタイミングと認識)し、時間内挿処理を停止している。このように切り替えタイミングに対して３シンボル分早く切り替えを認識する。
以上のように、送信側切替時のタイミング制御信号をＴＭＣＣ中に組み込み、この切り替えタイミング情報に基づき受信側での時間内挿処理を制御することで、状態が変化した前後の信号による内挿処理を行うことがなくなり、伝送路推定特性の劣化を軽減できる。
When the time interpolation process is performed by the receiving unit 304, the received signal is temporarily stored in the memory 106 as in the prior art, and then the signal in the memory 106 is read and processed. At this time, in parallel with storing the received signal in the memory 106, the switching recognition unit 108 refers to the switching timing control information in the TMCC according to the insertion method on the transmission side, and recognizes the switching timing.
The control unit 109 controls the time interpolation processing unit 107 based on the information on the switching timing notified from the switching recognition unit 108. When the interpolation processing is performed using signals before and after the switching, the time interpolation processing is performed. To stop. When the interpolation process can be performed using only the signal after switching, the time interpolation process is started again. Here, as shown in FIG. 6, for the signal to be equalized, for example, signals for three symbols before and after are required to perform the interpolation process. Processing must be stopped. In other words, the receiving side must be able to recognize the switching timing three symbols earlier than the actual switching. Therefore, the timing for inserting the control information of the switching timing on the transmission side must be advanced by 3 symbols earlier than the actual switching timing.
FIG. 2 shows an example of insertion of control information at the switching timing, but there is a change in the control signal in TMCC (change from “1” to “0” at the timing of received data (2)), and this state is continuous for a plurality of bits. In this case, the switching timing is recognized (in the example of FIG. 2, the timing of the received data (4) that has changed to “0” and continues for 2 bits is recognized as the switching timing), and the time interpolation processing is stopped. In this way, the switching is recognized three symbols earlier than the switching timing.
As described above, the timing control signal at the time of switching on the transmission side is incorporated into the TMCC, and the time interpolation processing on the reception side is controlled based on this switching timing information, so that the interpolation processing based on the signals before and after the state change It is possible to reduce the deterioration of transmission path estimation characteristics.
１０１，１０８：切り替え認識部、１０２，１０９：制御部、３０３：送信部、１０４：キャリア選択部、１０５：制御情報生成部、１０６：メモリ、１０７：時間内挿処理部、３０１〜３０２：出力アンテナ３０４：受信部。 101, 108: switching recognition unit, 102, 109: control unit, 303: transmission unit, 104: carrier selection unit, 105: control information generation unit, 106: memory, 107: time interpolation processing unit, 301-302: output Antenna 304: receiving unit.
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| JP2011176561A (en) * | 2010-02-24 | 2011-09-08 | Hitachi Kokusai Electric Inc | Radio communication equipment |
| JP2019041254A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2019-03-14 | 日本放送協会 | Transmitting device, receiving device, and antenna control device |
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| JP2019041254A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2019-03-14 | 日本放送協会 | Transmitting device, receiving device, and antenna control device |
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