JP2007224930A - Fuel-air mixture manufacturing injection nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel-air mixture manufacturing injection nozzle capable of providing a uniformized fuel-air mixture by simple structure. <P>SOLUTION: A pressurized gas connection part 502 connected to a pressurizing source and a nozzle connection part 502 connected to the intake part of an internal combustion engine are formed at both ends of the cylindrical shape of the injection nozzle, and fuel connection parts 505 are formed on side surfaces thereof. A fuel-air mixture manufacturing space 507 is formed in the cylindrical shape. A pressurized gas introduction hole 503 extending through the inside of the pressurized gas connection part and a fuel-air mixture, a fuel introduction hole extending through the inside of the fuel connection part 505, and a fuel-air mixture discharge hole 508 extending through the inside of the nozzle connection part are open to the space. The diameter of the fuel-air mixture manufacturing space 507 at least near the fuel connection part 505 is set larger than the diameter of the pressurized gas introduction hole 503. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an air-fuel mixture production injection nozzle of a fuel injection device used for an internal combustion engine.

  Conventionally, a carburetor system, a mechanical fuel injection system, and an electronically controlled fuel injection system are known as fuel injection devices. In an electronically controlled fuel injection system that is generally used in recent years, a fuel injection valve is provided in the intake manifold, and the intake air amount, throttle opening, etc. are adjusted so as to obtain an optimal air-fuel ratio according to the operating conditions. It is detected and the fuel injection amount is finely controlled according to the operation state.

However, in these conventional apparatuses, the generation of microbubbles of about 10 μm is extremely difficult, and a large capacity (about 5 kg / cm ² ) pump is required for this type of microbubble generation.

  In addition, since the pressure dissolution method is mainly used for the generation of microbubbles, in the case of an apparatus that focuses on the generation of microbubbles, it is not possible to generate bubbles having a large diameter of 100 μm or more. That is, the bubble size cannot be selected.

  Further, none of the conventional fuel injection devices has a complicated structure and is not satisfactory in terms of performance. As a result of the research by the applicant, it has been found that, in the conventional system, the fuel is not sufficiently refined and uniformized with the air in the mixed state of the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve and the air sent. If the mixing state is not sufficiently miniaturized and uniform, not only fuel efficiency and emission performance can be improved, but also output performance is limited. Normally, since the fuel injection valve is provided near the intake valve of the intake manifold, the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve is conveyed downstream while being mixed with the intake air sent from the upstream and introduced into the cylinder. The At this time, since the intake air is a laminar flow, there is a limit to mix them well.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an air-fuel mixture production injection nozzle capable of obtaining a uniform gas mixture with a simple structure.

  The air-fuel mixture production injection nozzle of the present invention is formed with a pressurized gas connecting portion connected to a pressurizing source and a nozzle connecting portion connected to an intake portion of an internal combustion engine at both ends of a cylindrical shape, and a fuel connection on a side surface Having a gas mixture production space in the cylinder, a pressurized gas introduction hole penetrating through the pressurized gas connection portion in the space, a fuel introduction hole penetrating through the fuel connection portion, and the An air-fuel mixture discharge hole penetrating the inside of the nozzle connection portion is opened, and at least the diameter in the vicinity of the fuel connection portion of the air-fuel mixture production space is set larger than the diameter of the pressurized gas introduction hole. .

  In this air-fuel mixture production injection nozzle, a reduced diameter portion is provided at a position below the air-fuel mixture production space.

  An annular recess is formed between the fuel introduction part and the pressurized gas introduction hole.

  The opening of the pressurized gas introduction hole is formed on the inner wall of the air-fuel mixture production space, and is connected to guide means extending downstream in the flow direction of the air-fuel mixture.

  Further, the step is characterized in that a stepped portion having a diameter that increases discontinuously as the gas mixture exhaust hole goes to the injection hole is provided.

  The inner wall of the air-fuel mixture discharge hole is characterized in that a tap whose peak position is biased toward the injection hole is formed.

  Pressurized gas introduced into the air-fuel mixture manufacturing space from the opening of the pressurized gas introduction hole is discharged into the space under high pressure to generate a peeling area. In this exfoliation region, fluid energy is generated to accelerate the mixing of fuel and air, and the mixed gas produced by this exfoliation phenomenon is in a state where the fuel and air are uniformly mixed.

  The nozzle of the present invention can be used by pressurizing the fuel introduced into the fuel introduction pipe connected to the fuel connecting portion, but it is possible to supply the fuel without pressurizing by the self-priming action of the nozzle itself.

  Furthermore, the use of the nozzle of the present invention eliminates the need for the intake side piping of the intake manifold, the equipment such as the start valve, and the intake valve that are conventionally used.

  The nozzle of the present invention makes it possible to produce a uniform gas mixture with a simple structure, and also changes the shape of the intake port to the mixture injection sub-chamber or eliminates the intake valve in the intake side structure. Thus, the air-fuel mixture can be directly injected into the cylinder by the nozzle of the present invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings, taking as an example a four-cycle internal combustion engine using gasoline as an introduction pressure gas and air as an introduction fuel with an air pressure of 2.0 kg / cm ² .

  FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the structure of an air-fuel mixture production nozzle 500 according to the present invention. In FIG. 1 (b), AB is the form of the pressurized gas connecting portion 502 and the pressurized gas introducing hole 503 viewed from the pressurized gas introducing side, and CD is the fuel connecting portion 505 and the pressurized gas introducing hole. 503 shows the form of the fuel introduction portion 506 and the pressurized gas introduction hole 503 viewed from the air-fuel mixture production space 507, and GH shows the air-fuel mixture injection hole 509 seen from the air-fuel mixture injection surface. .

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the air-fuel mixture production nozzle 500 has a pressurized gas introduction hole 503, a fuel introduction part 506, and an air-fuel mixture discharge hole 508 in the air-fuel mixture production space 507. The pressurized gas introduction hole 503 is provided on the circumference centered on the fuel introduction part 506 in the partition wall between the pressurized gas introduction pipe 501 and the air-fuel mixture production space 507. Six pressurized gas introduction holes 503 are arranged at equal intervals. The number of pressurized gas introduction holes is not limited to six as long as they are equally spaced from each other. As is clear from the EF cross section of FIG. 1B, the outlet of the pressurized gas introduction hole 503 on the side of the air-fuel mixture production space 507 is in the flow direction of the air-fuel mixture provided on the inner wall of the air-fuel mixture production space 507. It continues to the linear groove 507a formed along. The groove 507a extends to the vicinity of the cross-sectional reduction portion 507b of the air-fuel mixture production space 507, and then gradually disappears, and the shape is preferably a semicircular shape. The groove 507a constitutes guide means for guiding the pressurized gas so that only a vertical vortex can be generated in the downstream direction. An annular recess 507c that is continuous in the circumferential direction is formed between the pressurized gas introduction hole 503 and the fuel introduction portion 506, and the recess 507c has a semicircular shape. In addition, the air-fuel mixture discharge hole 508 has an air-fuel mixture production space 507 that is open in communication with the air-fuel mixture injection hole 509 with a reduced diameter. Inside the air-fuel mixture discharge hole 508, a step portion whose diameter increases discontinuously as it goes to the injection hole and a tap whose peak position is biased toward the injection hole are formed.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the fuel connection portion 505 is arranged at the center of the air-fuel mixture production space so as to inject fuel along the flow direction of the air-fuel mixture. When offset with respect to the center of the air-fuel mixture production space, spiral energy is applied to the air flow as the fuel is injected, making it difficult to control the mixing process, resulting in a stable combustion state. Absent.

  The air introduced from the pressurized gas introduction pipe 501 to the pressurized gas connection portion 502 and then throttled to the pressurized gas introduction hole 503 is discharged into the air-fuel mixture manufacturing space 507. At this time, rapid expansion occurs and the flow is accompanied by a turbulent flow, and a so-called peeling region is generated in the vicinity of the fuel introduction portion 506. Due to this peeling phenomenon, air and fuel are uniformly mixed. In the case of the present embodiment, the air flow accompanied by the turbulent flow is concentrated around the fuel introduction portion 506 by the concave portion 507c while returning to the upstream side from the mixture discharge hole 508 in a state where the spiral flow is suppressed by the groove 507a. Therefore, mixing of air and fuel is remarkably improved. Further, the air-fuel mixture discharge hole 508 has a stepped portion whose diameter increases discontinuously as it goes to the injection hole, and a tap whose peak is biased toward the injection hole. Since the air-fuel mixture is introduced into the cylinder with a spiral from the air-fuel mixture discharge hole 508 in a state where the air is well mixed, the combustion state is further improved.

  FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the structure of the air-fuel mixture production nozzle 500 according to the present invention. In FIG. 2 (b), AB is the form of the pressurized gas connecting portion 502 and the pressurized gas introducing hole 503 viewed from the pressurized gas introducing side, and CD is the fuel connecting portion 505 and the pressurized gas introducing hole. 503 shows the form of the fuel introduction portion 506 and the pressurized gas introduction hole 503 viewed from the air-fuel mixture production space, and GH shows the air-fuel mixture injection hole 509 viewed from the air-fuel mixture injection surface.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the air-fuel mixture production nozzle 510 has a gas mixture production space 507 with a pressurized gas introduction hole 503, a fuel introduction part 506, and an air-fuel mixture discharge hole 508. The pressurized gas introduction hole 503 has a truncated cone shape with the pressurized gas connection surface as the bottom, and opens into the air-fuel mixture manufacturing space 507. The fuel introduction portion 506 is formed of a fuel introduction pipe connected to the fuel connection portion 505 on the side surface, and is opened to the air-fuel mixture production space 507, and is directed in a direction along the flow direction of the air-fuel mixture, that is, parallel to the flow direction. ing. The fuel introduction part 506 opens at the bottom part of a semicircular annular recess 507d formed around the pressurized gas introduction hole 503. The mixture discharge hole 508 is discontinuously increased in diameter as it goes to the injection hole inside the mixture discharge hole 508 that is open in communication with the mixture injection hole 509 with a reduced diameter of the mixture production space 507. The step part which becomes and the tap in which the position of the peak is biased to the injection hole side is formed.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, three fuel introduction portions 506 are arranged around the pressurized gas introduction hole 503, and each fuel introduction hole 506 is equally spaced from the pressurized gas introduction hole 503. There is a relationship of distance. The number of fuel introducing portions 506 is not limited to three as long as they are equally spaced from each other.

  The air introduced from the pressurized gas introduction pipe 501 to the pressurized gas connection portion 502 and then throttled to the pressurized gas introduction hole 503 is discharged into the air-fuel mixture manufacturing space 507. At this time, rapid expansion occurs, resulting in a flow with turbulent flow, and a so-called peeling region is generated in the vicinity of the fuel introduction hole 506. Due to this peeling phenomenon, air and fuel are uniformly mixed. In the case of the present embodiment, the air flow accompanied by the turbulent flow returning to the upstream side from the mixture discharge hole 508 is concentrated on the fuel introduction portion 506 by the concave portion 507d. Therefore, mixing of air and fuel is improved. Further, the air-fuel mixture discharge hole 508 has a stepped portion whose diameter increases discontinuously as it goes to the injection hole, and a tap whose peak is biased toward the injection hole. Since the air-fuel mixture is introduced into the cylinder with a spiral from the air-fuel mixture discharge hole 508 in a state where the air is well mixed, the combustion state is further improved.

  FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the structure of the air-fuel mixture production nozzle 500. In FIG. 3B, AB is a configuration of the pressurized gas connection portion 502 and the pressurized gas introduction hole 503 viewed from the pressurized gas introduction side, and CD is a fuel connection portion 505 in the air-fuel mixture manufacturing space 507. In addition, E-F indicates the mixture injection hole 509 viewed from the mixture injection surface in the form of the fuel introduction unit 506 and the pressurized gas introduction hole 503.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the air-fuel mixture production nozzle 500 has a pressurized gas introduction hole 503, a fuel introduction part 506, and an air-fuel mixture discharge hole 508 in the air-fuel mixture production space 507. The pressurized gas introduction hole 503 has a truncated cone shape with the pressurized gas connection surface as the bottom, and opens into the air-fuel mixture manufacturing space 507. The fuel introduction part 506 is formed by a fuel introduction pipe 504 connected to the fuel connection part 505 on the side surface, and is opened to the air-fuel mixture production space 507. The air-fuel mixture discharge hole 508 is opened to communicate with the air-fuel mixture injection hole 509 with the diameter of the air-fuel mixture production space 507 having the same diameter as the pressurized gas introduction hole 503 with a reduced diameter. Inside the air-fuel mixture discharge hole 508, a step portion whose diameter increases discontinuously as it goes to the injection hole and a tap whose peak position is biased toward the injection hole are formed.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (b), three fuel connection portions 505 are provided evenly at 120 degrees in the circumferential direction, and the fuel connection portions 505 are perpendicular to the flow of the air-fuel mixture, Oriented to the center. The number of fuel introducing portions 506 is not limited to three as long as they are equally spaced from each other.

  The air introduced from the pressurized gas introduction pipe 501 to the pressurized gas connection portion 502 and then throttled to the pressurized gas introduction hole 503 is discharged into the air-fuel mixture manufacturing space 507. At this time, rapid expansion occurs and the flow is accompanied by turbulent flow, and a so-called peeling region is generated in the vicinity of the fuel introduction portion 506. Due to this peeling phenomenon, air and fuel are uniformly mixed. Note that the diameter of the pressurized gas introduction hole 503 and the diameter of the air-fuel mixture discharge hole 508 are preferably substantially equal. Further, the air-fuel mixture discharge hole 508 has a stepped portion whose diameter increases discontinuously as it goes to the injection hole, and a tap whose peak is biased toward the injection hole. Since the air-fuel mixture is introduced into the cylinder with a spiral from the air-fuel mixture discharge hole 508 in a state where the air is well mixed, the combustion state is further improved.

  FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of an overall system of a fuel internal combustion engine to which the air-fuel mixture production nozzle according to the present invention is applied. The cylinder 561 is provided with an intake port 564 and an exhaust port 565, and an intake valve 531 and an exhaust valve 551 are provided at each port. A spark plug 571 is provided between the intake port 564 and the exhaust port 565. The intake port 564 communicates with the mixture injection subchamber 530, and this mixture injection subchamber 530 constitutes an intake manifold. An air-fuel mixture production injection nozzle 500 is attached to the air-fuel mixture injection sub-chamber 530. The exhaust port 565 communicates with the exhaust manifold 552. Reference numerals 562 and 563 denote a piston and a connecting rod, respectively.

  The air-fuel mixture production injection nozzle 500 is connected with a pressurized gas introduction pipe 501 that sends the air pressurized by the compressor 541 to the air-fuel mixture production injection nozzle 500 through the throttle valve 524, and from the reservoir tank 522. A fuel introduction pipe 504 is connected to the fuel mixture injection nozzle 500 through a shut-out valve 523 and a throttle valve 524. The reservoir tank 522 receives fuel from the fuel tank 521.

  FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the air-fuel mixture injection sub-chamber 530 according to FIG. 4, in which the valve guide 532 through which the intake valve passes and the nozzle portion 533 of the air-fuel mixture production injection nozzle 500 are inserted and fixed. A portion 534 is provided and is fastened to the cylinder head via a seal member.

  FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the entire system of the fuel internal combustion engine to which the air-fuel mixture production nozzle according to the present invention is applied. In this embodiment, the intake valve of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is omitted, and the shutout valve 523 is provided in the fuel introduction pipe 504 on the downstream side of the throttle valve 524, and the pressurized air. This is different from the first embodiment in that a shutout valve 523 is added to the introduction pipe 501.

  FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the connection part of the mixture production injection valve 500 according to FIG. 6, and the injection part 533 of the mixture production injection nozzle 500 is fitted to the nozzle mounting part 534 formed in the cylinder 561. . A shut-out valve 523 is provided between the air-fuel mixture production injection valve 500 and the injection unit 533.

  According to the nozzle of the present invention, since the pressurized air from the compressor 541 is directly introduced into the air-fuel mixture injection subchamber 530 or the cylinder 561, the intake manifold piping and the start valve, etc. of the intake manifold that are conventionally required It becomes possible to obtain a compact internal combustion engine. Further, since the nozzle of the present invention can produce a uniform mixed gas, it can be used in a two-cycle engine, a rotary engine, and a diesel engine.

1 shows a first embodiment of an air-fuel mixture production nozzle according to the present invention. 2 shows a second embodiment of the air-fuel mixture production nozzle of the present invention. 3 shows a third embodiment of the air-fuel mixture production nozzle of the present invention. 1 shows a first embodiment of an internal combustion engine to which the present invention is applied. The enlarged view of the air-fuel | gaseous mixture injection subchamber of this invention is shown. 2 shows a second embodiment of an internal combustion engine to which the present invention is applied. The connection part of the air-fuel | gaseous mixture production nozzle of this invention is shown.

Explanation of symbols

500: Air-fuel mixture production nozzle 501: Pressurized gas introduction pipe 502: Pressurized gas connection part 503: Pressurized gas introduction hole 504: Injection part 505: Fuel connection part 506: Fuel introduction part 507: Air mixture production space 508: Mixing Air discharge hole 509: Air mixture injection hole 521: Fuel tank 522: Reservoir tank 523: Shutout valve 524: Throttle valve 530: Air mixture injection subchamber 533: Injection part 534: Nozzle mounting part 541: Compressor 531: Intake valve 551 : Exhaust valve 552: Exhaust manifold 561: Cylinder 562: Piston 563: Connecting rod 564: Intake port 565: Exhaust port 571: Spark plug

Claims (6)

  A fuel injection device for use in an internal combustion engine, in which both ends of a cylinder are formed with a pressurized gas connection portion connected to a pressurization source and a nozzle connection portion connected to an intake portion of the internal combustion engine. A fuel connection portion having an air-fuel mixture production space in a cylinder, a pressurized gas introduction hole penetrating through the pressurized gas connection portion and a fuel introduction hole penetrating through the fuel connection portion in the space And an air-fuel mixture discharge hole penetrating through the nozzle connection portion, and at least a diameter of the air-fuel mixture production space in the vicinity of the fuel introduction portion is set larger than a diameter of the pressurized gas introduction hole. Air-fuel mixture production injection nozzle.   2. The air-fuel mixture production injection nozzle according to claim 1, wherein a reduced diameter portion is provided at a lower position of the air-fuel mixture production space.   The air-fuel mixture production injection nozzle according to claim 1, wherein an annular recess is formed between the fuel introduction part and the pressurized gas introduction hole.   The opening of the pressurized gas introduction hole is formed on the inner wall of the air-fuel mixture production space, and is connected to guide means extending downstream in the flow direction of the air-fuel mixture. The air-fuel mixture production injection nozzle described in 1.   The air-fuel mixture production injection nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a stepped portion whose diameter increases discontinuously as the air-fuel mixture exhaust hole goes to the injection hole.   The air-fuel mixture production injection nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a tap whose peak is biased toward the injection hole is formed on an inner wall of the air-fuel mixture discharge hole.

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