JP2007223026A - Vibration type polishing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently perform polishing such as deburring of large-sized parts and parts having complicated fluid passages, etc. <P>SOLUTION: In this device, polishing of a workpiece 48 put in media 46 is performed by exciting a polishing tank 42 for storing the media 46 for polishing. An inner bottom surface of the polishing tank 42 is made to have a substantial semicircle-shape projecting toward a lower side. The polishing tank 42 is elastically supported in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, while the polishing tank 42 is excited in the circumferential direction by an exciter 34, and thereby the media 46 are made to rotate and flow in a fixed direction, while vibrating the media 46 in the polishing tank 42. The media 46 are continued to hit on the workpiece 48 fixed and held in the media 46. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention removes burrs from a workpiece placed in a medium by vibrating a polishing tank that contains a medium for deburring or surface polishing that includes a particulate abrasive. The present invention relates to a vibration type polishing processing apparatus that performs processing such as polishing.

  Conventionally, a workpiece is mixed with a medium mainly composed of abrasive grains (abrasive grains), a medium containing fine steel balls, glass balls, etc. (hereinafter referred to as a medium for deburring or surface polishing or simply as a medium). 2. Description of the Related Art Polishing apparatuses that vibrate the entire surface and remove burrs from a workpiece or polish the surface by rubbing each other are known. In addition, in order to continuously deburr a large number of workpieces, a spiral unloading path is formed in the cylindrical polishing tank, and the polishing tank is vibrated to convey the workpiece on the conveying path. It has been proposed to remove burrs from the workpiece with abrasive grains.

Japanese Patent Application No. 4-292581 Japanese Patent Application No. 7-148658

  The previously proposed methods for deburring and polishing are based on the assumption that deburring and surface polishing of small parts are performed. Many parts are mixed in the media, and the parts and media are vibrated together. And rub each other. For this reason, the relative speed difference between the component and the medium is small, the processing speed is slow, and the processing time needs to take several tens of minutes. In addition, it is necessary to separate the media and parts (workpiece) after the processing, and there is a problem that productivity is poor.

  In addition, hydraulic equipment such as automatic transmissions used in automobiles and industrial machinery that have complex labyrinth-like fluid passages use light alloy parts of several tens of kilograms. Such large and heavy parts However, there was a problem that the conventional deburring method could not be used. In parts with more complicated fluid passages and fine grooves and holes, media are clogged in these passages, grooves, and holes, so deburring is impossible and it takes time to remove the clogged media. There was also a problem. Further, when a sand mold is used at the time of casting, there is a problem that it takes time to remove sand that has entered fine holes or grooves. There was also a problem that the inner surface of the fine holes could not be polished.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances. Deburring of large parts and parts having complicated fluid passages, surface polishing, removal of sand-type sand used during casting, fine pores, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vibration type polishing apparatus that can efficiently polish an inner surface.

  According to the present invention, an object of the present invention is to provide a vibratory polishing apparatus for polishing a workpiece placed in the medium by vibrating a polishing tank that contains the medium for polishing processing. The bottom surface has a substantially semicircular shape that protrudes downward, and the polishing tank is elastically supported in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, while the polishing tank is vibrated in the circumferential direction by a vibrator. This is achieved by a vibratory polishing apparatus characterized by rotating and flowing in a certain direction while vibrating in a tank and striking the medium against a workpiece fixedly held in the medium.

  According to this invention, the media placed in the polishing tank is formed by making the inner bottom surface of the polishing tank into a substantially semicircular shape projecting downward, and rotating (rotating vibration) while the polishing tank is vibrated finely in the circumferential direction. Rotate and flow in one direction while vibrating. On the other hand, since the workpiece is fixed and held in the medium, the medium strikes the workpiece violently, and the burrs of the workpiece are efficiently removed. Further, surface polishing, mold sand removal, and internal polishing of fine holes can be efficiently performed.

  The work piece is not mixed and mixed with the medium and vibrates and flows with the medium, but is fixed against the vibration of the medium and the rotational flow in one direction. You will hit the workpiece violently. For this reason, the efficiency of deburring, polishing of the surface, etc. and sand removal of the mold is increased, and the processing time can be shortened. Also, by appropriately setting the material, size (particle size), shape, etc. of the media, it is possible to remove burrs generated around complex grooves, through-holes, cross holes, etc. It is possible to polish the sand and the inner surface of the hole and remove sand.

  The inner bottom surface of the polishing tank may be convex in a substantially hemispherical shape downward, but may have a substantially semicylindrical shape. That is, a substantially semi-cylindrical shape having a substantially semicircular cross section in a vertical plane perpendicular to the vibration center axis direction of the vibrator is formed. Since the center line of the semi-cylindrical surface is substantially perpendicular to the rotational vibration direction of the polishing tank, the media is sent in an arc shape by the inner bottom surface of the polishing tank and rises along one side, and on the other side It will fall, circulate and circulate. In this case, the storage capacity of the media can be increased, and the deburring process can be performed efficiently.

  The polishing tank is fixed to a vibration plate elastically supported by a vibration plate elastically supported by a fixed frame via a plurality of springs, and the vibration plate is vibrated in a rotational direction (circumferential direction) by a vibration exciter. At the same time, the workpiece can be held and fixed to the holding portion (claim 2).

  In this case, the vibration of the polishing tank can be controlled by controlling the vibration (amplitude, frequency) of the vibration plate, and in particular, the vibration of the polishing tank can be significantly amplified by vibrating the vibration system at a frequency near the resonance frequency. The rotational flow can be further increased. For this purpose, the vibration frequency of the vibration exciter attached to the vibration plate is preferably variable.

  In order to elastically support the vibration plate with respect to the fixed frame, a plurality of braided body coil springs in which a wire made of a braided body made of fine metal wires is wound in a coil shape, and the center axis line of the braided body are vibrated by the vibrator. It is preferable to interpose between the vibration plate and the fixed frame so as to be substantially orthogonal to the center line and to be horizontal. The horizontal braided coil spring has a characteristic that its lower edge and upper edge are extremely soft in the direction of the central axis and sufficiently hard in the direction perpendicular to the central axis. For this reason, when a plurality of braided coil springs are interposed between the vibration plate and the fixed frame as described above, the vibration plates are extremely soft and easy to vibrate in the direction of the central axis of the braided coil spring. On the other hand, it will endure a sufficiently large load in the other direction. Therefore, it is possible to support the vertical load of the vibration system including the polishing tank and the vibrator.

  The vibration exciter can be formed by an unbalanced vibration motor attached to a vibration plate. In this case, the vibration center axis of the vibration motor is preferably orthogonal to the center axis of the braided coil spring. The spring that elastically supports the diaphragm is preferably a vertical coil spring.

  The holding portion for holding and fixing the workpiece may fix the workpiece to the polishing tank (Claim 8), or may fix the workpiece to the fixing frame (Claim 9). In any case, the work piece may be fixed to the medium. In the case of fixing to the latter fixed frame, the relative speed difference between the workpiece and the medium becomes large, and the processing efficiency such as deburring is further improved.

  The holding unit may be formed by a robot controlled by a computer. In this case, the workpiece can be automatically replaced, and labor can be saved. The present invention is most suitable for a deburring apparatus, but can also be applied to a polishing processing apparatus that performs surface polishing, mold sand removal, internal polishing of holes and the like.

  1 is an exploded perspective view of a deburring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, FIG. 3 is a front view, FIG. 4 is a side view, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a perspective view. FIG. 7 is a view showing a holding portion for fixing the workpiece to the polishing tank, and FIG. 8 is a view showing the holding portion for fixing the workpiece to the fixed frame.

  1 to 4, reference numeral 10 denotes a fixed frame, in which four vertical support columns 12 are connected at their lower ends by four frame members 14 and their upper ends are connected by four frame members 16. It is. Here, the frame member 16 at the upper end has a narrower cross-sectional shape (rectangle) than the column 12 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). The two columns 12 on the front side and the two on the back side are coupled by beams 18 in the left-right direction, and both ends of the two beams 18, 18 are coupled by two beams 20, 20 in the front-rear direction. Has been. A height-adjusting screw block 12a is attached to the lower ends of the four struts 12 to stabilize the installation at the installation location (FIGS. 3 and 4).

  A vibration plate 22 is elastically supported by the beams 20 and 20 and can vibrate softly in the front-rear direction, and is held so as to be hard in the vertical direction and support the load of the vibration system. That is, the vibration plate 22 has a size with an appropriate interval between the four struts 12 and is supported by the four braided coil springs 24. Here, the braided body coil spring 24 is formed by winding a wire made of a braided body made of a fine metal wire such as stainless steel in a coil shape.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the braided coil spring 24 is wound in the shape of a coil with the central axis line 26 horizontal, and the upper and lower sides of the coil are sandwiched between two fixing bars 28 and 30, respectively. And the fixing bars 28 and 30 are integrally fixed. The coil spring 24 has a characteristic that the upper fixing bars 28, 30 are softer in the direction of the central axis 26 than the lower fixing bars 28, 30 and are harder in the direction crossing the central axis 26. Note that the coil spring 24 reverses the winding direction of the wire at the center in the longitudinal direction so that the restoring force of the upper fixing bars 28, 30 with respect to the lower fixing bars 28, 30 is symmetric.

  The braided coil spring 24 is attached between the four corners of the vibration plate 22 and the beams 20 and 20 in the front-rear direction with the central axis 26 parallel and in the front-rear direction. That is, the fixing bars 28 and 30 below the four braided coil springs 24 are fixed to the beam 20, and the upper fixing bars 28 and 30 are fixed to the vibration plate 22. As a result, the vibration plate 22 is held by the fixed frame 10 in a state of being soft (easy to vibrate) in the direction of the central axis 26 of the coil 24 (easy to vibrate) and hard in the other direction (hard to vibrate).

  A vibration exciter 34 is attached to the central lower surface of the vibration plate 22. The vibration exciter 34 is formed of an unbalanced vibration motor, and the rotation shaft having the unbalanced weight is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the central axis 26 of the braided body coil spring 24 and to be horizontal. The frequency (rotational speed) of the vibration exciter 34 can be controlled.

  Reference numeral 36 denotes a diaphragm. The vibration plate 36 is attached to the upper surface of the vibration plate 22 by six coil springs 38. Here, a rectangular opening 40 that is long in the left-right direction is formed in the diaphragm 36, and six coil springs 38 are arranged on the front side and the rear side across the opening 40. Each coil spring 38 is placed vertically, with the lower end fixed to the vibration plate 22 and the upper end fixed to the lower surface of the vibration plate 36.

  Reference numeral 42 denotes a polishing tank. The polishing tank 42 has a substantially semi-cylindrical shape opened upward. That is, the inner bottom surface has a substantially semicircular cross section with a vertical plane parallel to the direction of the central axis 26 of the braided body coil spring 24 (a vertical plane orthogonal to the vibration central axis of the vibration motor 24), and the opening that opens upwardly The rectangular shape is slightly smaller than the opening 40 of the plate 36. A horizontal flange 44 is integrally fixed to the outer periphery of the polishing tank 42. The bottom of the polishing tank 42 is inserted into the opening 40 of the diaphragm 36 from above, and the flange 44 is overlapped on the periphery of the opening 40 from above, and is screwed.

  A medium 46 made of abrasive grains or the like is placed in the polishing tank 42. A workpiece 48 is held in contact with or buried in the medium 46 in the polishing tank 42 as shown in FIGS.

  That is, in FIG. 7, a holding arm 52 is fixed to a cover plate 50 fixed to the opening edge of the polishing tank 42, and a workpiece 48 is held on the holding arm 52. In this case, the cover plate 50 and the holding arm 52 form the holding portion of the present invention. FIG. 8 shows a workpiece 48 attached to an arm 54 of an industrial robot installed at the fixed frame 10 side or at the place where the fixed frame 10 is installed. In this case, the robot including the arm 54 forms the holding unit of the present invention.

  Outer plates 56 and 58 (only the front surface is shown in FIG. 3) divided into two parts are fixed to the front and rear surfaces of the fixed frame 10, and outer plates 60 and 62 (FIG. 4) divided into two parts vertically on the left and right side surfaces. Only one side is shown.) Is fixed. An upper plate 64 is fixed to the upper surface of the fixed frame 10. An opening 66 is formed in the upper plate 64 so as to face above the opening of the polishing tank 42 (FIG. 2), and the workpiece 48 and the medium 46 are taken in and out of the polishing tank 42 through the opening 66.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. Due to the rotational vibration force of the vibration generator 34 in the circumferential direction, the vibration plate 22 rotates and vibrates due to the displacement of the braided coil spring 24 in the direction of the central axis 26 and in the vertical direction. The rotational vibration of the vibration plate 22 is transmitted to the vibration plate 36 via the coil spring 38. The vibration system is determined by the weight of the vibrator 34, the vibration plate 22 and the vibration plate 36, the spring constants of the braided coil spring 24 and the coil spring 38, the amount (weight) of the medium 46 accommodated in the polishing tank 42, and the like. When the resonance frequency and the vibration frequency of the vibration exciter 34 are in a fixed relationship, the vibration system becomes a state close to the resonance state and vibrates and vibrates violently. At this time, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the medium 46 is guided to the inner bottom surface in the polishing tank 42 and circulates while vibrating vigorously while drawing a circle.

  Since the workpiece 48 is fixed to the polishing tank 42 or the fixed frame 10 side, the media 46 that rotates and flows while vibrating vigorously collides with the workpiece 48. For this reason, the burr | flash of the to-be-processed object 48 is removed efficiently. Further, since the workpiece 48 may be taken in and out of the polishing tank 42 together with the holding arm 52 and the arm 54, the processing efficiency can be improved.

  In addition, it is preferable to provide a long protrusion 68 in the direction perpendicular to the media feeding direction (vibration central axis direction) on the inner bottom surface of the polishing tank 42 (FIG. 8). This is because the medium can prevent the medium from sliding on the inner surface of the polishing tank 42 and can enhance the flow and vibration of the medium by the one or more protrusions 68.

1 is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention. Same top view Same front view Same side view View of braided coil viewed from the central axis direction Perspective view of braided coil The figure which shows a holding part The figure which shows the other Example of a holding | maintenance part

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Fixed frame 22 Excitation board 24 Braided body coil spring 26 Center axis 34 Exciter (unbalanced vibration motor)
36 Diaphragm 38 Coil spring 40 Opening portion 42 Polishing tank 46 Media 48 Work piece 52 Holding arm (holding portion)
54 Arm (holding part made of industrial robot)

Claims (9)

In a vibratory polishing apparatus for polishing a workpiece placed in the medium by exciting a polishing tank that stores the medium for polishing process,
The inner bottom surface of the polishing tank has a substantially semicircular shape protruding downward, and the polishing tank is elastically supported in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, while the polishing tank is vibrated in the circumferential direction by a vibrator. The vibratory polishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the medium is rotated and fluidized in a predetermined direction while being vibrated in a polishing tank, and the medium is hit against a workpiece fixedly held in the medium. The vibratory polishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
A vibration plate elastically supported by a fixed frame;
A vibration exciter that is attached to the vibration plate and generates rotational vibration around a substantially horizontal vibration center axis;
A vibration plate elastically supported by a plurality of springs on the vibration plate and having a polishing tank fixed thereto;
A vibratory polishing apparatus comprising: a holding unit that holds and holds a workpiece in contact with a medium in the polishing tank.   A plurality of braided coil springs in which a wire made of a braided metal wire is coiled, the center axis of which is substantially perpendicular to the vibration center axis of the shaker and horizontal, and a vibration plate and a fixed frame The vibratory polishing apparatus according to claim 2 interposed between the two.   4. The vibratory polishing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the vibration exciter is formed of an unbalanced vibration motor.   The vibratory polishing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the spring elastically supporting the diaphragm is a vertical coil spring.   The vibratory polishing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inner bottom surface of the polishing tank has a substantially semi-cylindrical shape that is long in a direction orthogonal to the excitation direction of the vibration exciter.   The vibratory polishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the vibration frequency of the vibration exciter is variable, and the vibration system including the polishing tank can vibrate near a resonance frequency.   The vibratory polishing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the holding unit fixes the workpiece to the polishing tank.   The vibratory polishing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the holding unit holds the workpiece on the fixed frame.

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