JP2007220763A - Actuator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the response of opening and closing action of a valve and the like driven by an actuator. <P>SOLUTION: An actuator 1 comprises: a pole 10 of a first electromagnet, a permanent magnet 12 arranged in its inside, a pole 20 of a second electromagnet, a permanent magnet 22 arranged in its inside, coils 17 and 27, and a movable member 30. When current is supplied to the coils 17 and 27 in a determined direction, the magnetic flux of the coil 17 and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 12 mutually in the same direction are generated between an undersurface 15 of a step 11 of the pole 10 of the first electromagnet and the left end of the movable member 30, and the magnetic flux of the coil 27 and magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 22 mutually in the reverse direction are generated between an undersurface 25 of a step 21 of the pole 20 of the second electromagnet and the right end of the movable member 30. As a result, the attractive force increases as operating between the undersurface 15 of the step 11 of the pole 10 of the first electromagnet and the left end of the movable member 30, and also the attractive force decreases as operating between the undersurface 25 of the step 21 of the pole 20 of the second electromagnet and the right end of the movable member 30. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an actuator used for realizing a drive mechanism of a device that requires a reciprocating motion.

For example, an electromagnetic drive mechanism that drives an intake valve that opens and closes an intake port of an engine includes an armature chair connected to the intake valve, a valve closing electromagnet on the upper side of the armature chair, and an armchair on the lower side of the armature chair for closing the valve. One having an electromagnet and a valve opening electromagnet is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). In this electromagnetic drive mechanism, when the electromagnetic coil of the valve opening electromagnet is energized, the armature is lowered by being attracted by the valve opening electromagnet, so that the intake valve is opened. On the other hand, when the energization of the valve opening electromagnet is cut off and the electromagnetic coil of the valve closing electromagnet is energized, the armature is raised by being attracted by the valve closing electromagnet, so that the intake valve is closed. In this manner, the energization of the valve closing electromagnet and the energization of the valve opening electromagnet are alternately repeated, whereby the intake valve is opened and closed.
JP 2000-65232 A (FIG. 1)

  However, when the electromagnetic coil of each electromagnet is energized, the attractive force that the electromagnet attracts the armature becomes smaller as the distance between the electromagnet and the armchair becomes larger. In other words, for example, when the intake valve is changed from the closed state to the open state, the opening electromagnet and the armature are largely separated from each other. The acceleration in the direction of lowering cannot be sufficiently obtained. Therefore, it is very difficult to quickly change the intake valve to the valve open state. As described above, since the opening / closing operation of the intake valve (including reversal of the moving direction of the armature) cannot be performed rapidly, the response speed of the opening / closing operation of the intake valve is lowered. As a result, there arises a problem that the opening / closing operation of the intake valve cannot be properly controlled.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an actuator that can improve the responsiveness of an opening / closing operation of a valve or the like.

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention

  The actuator of the present invention includes a first electromagnet pole having a coil and generating magnetic flux, a second electromagnet pole having a coil and generating magnetic flux, the first electromagnet pole and It is incorporated in each of the poles of the second electromagnet, has a pole face parallel or inclined to the axis of the pole of the first electromagnet and the pole of the second electromagnet, and the opposite pole faces have the same polarity A pair of permanent magnets, and a movable member disposed between the pole of the first electromagnet and the pole of the second electromagnet and rotatably supported. By controlling energization so that the direction of the current flowing in the coil on the pole side and the coil on the pole side of the second electromagnet is changed, the poles of the first electromagnet and the poles of the second electromagnet are alternately different. The magnetic flux of the direction is generated, and the energization of the pole of the first electromagnet And the magnetic flux by the magnetic flux due to energization of the pole of the second electromagnet, the attraction force due to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets, is characterized in that rotationally drives the movable member.

  According to this configuration, when energization control is performed so that the direction of the current flowing in the coil changes, magnetic fluxes in different directions are generated alternately in the first electromagnet pole and the second electromagnet pole, and the movable member is moved by the attractive force. Rotate. Here, the attractive force acting on the movable member is the sum of the attractive force by the electromagnet and the attractive force by the permanent magnet. Therefore, compared with the case where the movable member is rotated only by the attractive force of the electromagnet, the rotation direction of the movable member can be changed quickly, and the responsiveness of the opening / closing operation of the valve driven by the actuator is improved. Can do.

  The actuator of the present invention includes a first electromagnet pole that has a coil and generates magnetic flux, a second electromagnet pole that has a coil and generates magnetic flux, and a pole of the first electromagnet. A first permanent magnet having a first magnetic pole surface that is in contact with a pole-side end portion of the first electromagnet of the movable member when the movable member is rotationally movable; and a second electromagnet of the second electromagnet A second magnetic pole surface that is incorporated in a pole, has a pole surface that contacts the end of the second electromagnet on the pole side of the movable member and has the same polarity as the first magnetic pole surface when the movable member is rotatable. A permanent member, a movable member disposed between the pole of the first electromagnet and the pole of the second electromagnet and rotatably supported, and on the pole side of the first electromagnet The direction of the current flowing in the coil and the coil on the pole side of the second electromagnet changes. By controlling energization in this way, magnetic fluxes in different directions are generated alternately in the poles of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet, and the magnetic flux generated by energization of the poles of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet The movable member is driven to rotate by a magnetic force generated by energizing the poles of the electromagnet and a magnetic force of the permanent magnet.

  According to this configuration, when energization control is performed so that the direction of the current flowing in the coil changes, magnetic fluxes in different directions are generated alternately in the first electromagnet pole and the second electromagnet pole, and the movable member is moved by the attractive force. Rotate. Here, the attractive force acting on the movable member is the sum of the attractive force by the electromagnet and the attractive force by the permanent magnet. Therefore, compared with the case where the movable member is rotated only by the attractive force of the electromagnet, the rotation direction of the movable member can be changed quickly, and the responsiveness of the opening / closing operation of the valve driven by the actuator is improved. Can do. Further, even when no current flows through the coil, the state of the movable member can be maintained by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet.

  The actuator of the present invention includes a coil of a first electromagnet that generates a magnetic flux, a pole of the second electromagnet, and a pole of the second electromagnet with respect to the pole of the first electromagnet. A pole of the third electromagnet disposed on the opposite side of the first electromagnet, an end portion disposed between the pole of the first electromagnet and the pole of the second electromagnet, the pole of the first electromagnet, and the A movable member supported in a rotatable manner, and each of the poles of the first electromagnet and the poles of the second electromagnet. A first pair of first magnetic pole surfaces that are in contact with one end of the movable member when the movable member is rotatable, and the opposing first first magnetic pole surfaces have the same polarity. Built into each of the permanent magnet and the pole of the first electromagnet and the pole of the third electromagnet And the second magnetic pole surface that the other end of the movable member contacts when the movable member rotates is movable, and the opposing second magnetic pole surface has the same polarity and is different from the first magnetic pole surface. A second pair of permanent magnets having a polarity, and by controlling the energization so that the direction of the current flowing in the coil wound around the pole of the first electromagnet is changed, the second electromagnet Magnetic poles alternately generated in different directions are generated in the pole and the pole of the third electromagnet, the magnetic flux generated by energization of the pole of the second electromagnet, the magnetic flux generated by energization of the pole of the third electromagnet, and the permanent magnet The movable member is rotationally driven by an attractive force generated by the magnetic flux.

  According to this configuration, when energization control is performed so that the direction of the current flowing in the coil changes, magnetic fluxes in different directions are generated alternately in the first electromagnet pole and the second electromagnet pole, and the movable member is moved by the attractive force. Rotate. Here, the attractive force acting on the movable member is the sum of the attractive force by the electromagnet and the attractive force by the permanent magnet. Therefore, compared with the case where the movable member is rotated only by the attractive force of the electromagnet, the rotation direction of the movable member can be changed quickly, and the responsiveness of the opening / closing operation of the valve driven by the actuator is improved. Can do. Further, even when no current flows through the coil, the state of the movable member can be maintained by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet.

  The actuator of the present invention includes a coil of a first electromagnet that generates a magnetic flux, a pole of the second electromagnet, and a pole of the second electromagnet with respect to the pole of the first electromagnet. A pole of the third electromagnet disposed on the opposite side of the first electromagnet, an end portion disposed between the pole of the first electromagnet and the pole of the second electromagnet, the pole of the first electromagnet, and the A movable member supported rotatably, and incorporated in the pole of the first electromagnet. The second electromagnet has a second end disposed between the pole of the third electromagnet and the first electromagnet. A permanent magnet disposed so as to divide the pole of the electromagnet into a pole side portion of the second electromagnet and a pole side portion of the third electromagnet, and the pole of the first electromagnet By controlling the energization so that the direction of the current flowing through the wound coil changes, the pole of the second electromagnet and the The magnetic poles of the third electromagnet are alternately generated in different directions, and the magnetic flux generated by energization of the pole of the second electromagnet, the magnetic flux generated by the energization of the pole of the third electromagnet, and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet The movable member is rotationally driven by a suction force.

  According to this configuration, when energization control is performed so that the direction of the current flowing in the coil changes, magnetic fluxes in different directions are generated alternately in the first electromagnet pole and the second electromagnet pole, and the movable member is moved by the attractive force. Rotate. Here, the attractive force acting on the movable member is the sum of the attractive force by the electromagnet and the attractive force by the permanent magnet. Therefore, compared with the case where the movable member is rotated only by the attractive force of the electromagnet, the rotation direction of the movable member can be changed quickly, and the responsiveness of the opening / closing operation of the valve driven by the actuator is improved. Can do.

  Hereinafter, a preferred first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an actuator according to the present embodiment.

  1 includes a first electromagnet pole 10 (hereinafter referred to as a first pole 10), a second electromagnet magnetic pole 20 (hereinafter referred to as a second pole 20), and a combination thereof. It has the iron core 2 comprised from the connection part 3 to do. The first pole 10 and the second pole 20 are rod-like members extending in one direction (up and down direction in FIG. 1) and are opposed to each other with a predetermined interval. The upper ends of the first pole 10 and the second pole 20 are connected to each other via the connecting portion 3, and the iron core 2 has a substantially inverted U-shaped cross section. Further, step portions 11 and 21 projecting inward and downward are formed at intermediate positions in the vertical direction of the first pole 10 and the second pole 20, respectively. Therefore, in the first pole 10 and the second pole 20, the thickness of the upper part of each step part 11 and 21 is larger than the thickness of the lower part. Moreover, the part below the step parts 11 and 21 of the internal peripheral surface of the 1st pole 10 and the 2nd pole 20 is circular.

  Permanent magnets 12 and 22 are disposed in portions corresponding to the insides of the step portions 11 and 21 of the first pole 10 and the second pole 20, respectively. The permanent magnets 12 and 22 are plate-shaped members, and one end surface is an N pole and the other end surface is an S pole. Here, the permanent magnets 12 and 22 have magnetic pole faces parallel to the axes of the first pole 10 and the second pole 20. In the present embodiment, the N pole surface of the permanent magnet 12 and the N pole surface of the permanent magnet 22 are on the inner side, the S pole surface of the permanent magnet 12 and the S pole surface of the permanent magnet 22. Is arranged to be on the outside. Further, the lower end portions of the permanent magnets 12 and 22 coincide with the lower surfaces of the step portions 11 and 21.

  Here, in the first pole 10, the lower surface 15 and the arc-shaped portion 16 of the step portion 11 are magnetic pole surfaces, and in the second pole 20, the lower surface 25 and the arc-shaped portion 26 of the step portion 21 are magnetic pole surfaces. Since the permanent magnets 12 and 22 are arranged in the above-described direction, the lower surfaces 15 and 25 have an N-pole polarity, and the arc-shaped portions 16 and 26 have an S-pole polarity. That is, the first pole 10 and the second pole 20 have an N-pole magnetic pole face and an S-pole magnetic pole face, respectively.

  Thus, by arranging the permanent magnets 12 and 22 in the vicinity of the magnetic pole surfaces of the first pole 10 and the second pole 20, the magnetic fluxes of the permanent magnets 12 and 22 can be used effectively (leakage magnetic flux can be reduced). ). For this reason, the amount of permanent magnets used can be reduced, and thus the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  A movable member 30 that is rotatable about the rotation shaft 31 is disposed in a region below the step portions 11 and 21 between the first pole 10 and the second pole 20. Here, FIG. 1 shows a state in which the movable member 30 is horizontal. The rotation shaft 31 extends in the horizontal direction (in the drawing, the depth direction in the drawing) at an intermediate position between the first pole 10 and the second pole 20. Therefore, the movable member 30 can swing up and down with the rotating shaft 31 as a fulcrum. Since the movable member 30 is connected to a valve or the like (not shown) driven by the actuator 1, the valve or the like can be reciprocated when the movable member 30 swings. Further, both end portions of the movable member 30 have substantially the same curvature as the arc-shaped portions 16 and 26 of the first pole 10 and the second pole 20. Therefore, when the movable member 30 swings, the distal end surface of the left end portion of the movable member 30 and the arcuate portion 16 of the first pole 10 are always opposed to each other and the distal end surface of the right end portion of the movable member 30 is aligned with the first end surface. The arcuate portions 26 of the two poles 20 are always opposite. Further, the movable member 30 can rotate clockwise so that its left end can contact the lower surface 15 of the step portion 11, and by rotating counterclockwise, its right end can be the lower surface 25 of the step portion 21. Can be touched.

  In addition, coils 17 and 27 are wound around the portions of the first pole 10 and the second pole 20 above the step portions 11 and 21, respectively. Here, the coils 17 and 27 are wound around the first pole 10 and the second pole 20 by a plurality of turns, but are schematically shown in FIG. The both ends of the coils 17 and 27 are connected to a current control device (not shown), and the value of current flowing in the coil and its direction are controlled.

  The actuator 1 of this embodiment is a device that requires reciprocal movement, that is, an engine valve implemented by a mechanical cam, a hydraulic / pneumatic valve using a solenoid or a linear motor, a pump or a compressor. Used to simplify the mechanism and improve performance.

  Next, the operation of the actuator 1 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 shows the rotating operation of the movable member of the actuator.

  First, when a current is passed through the coils 17 and 27 in the direction shown in FIG. 2A, a downward magnetic flux is generated in the first pole 10, and the N pole, which is the inner magnetic pole, is strengthened. In the second pole 20, an upward magnetic flux is generated, and the S pole, which is the outer magnetic pole, is strengthened. Therefore, a magnetic flux that flows from the N pole of the first pole 10 to the S pole of the second pole 20 through the movable member 30 is generated. That is, at this time, the counterclockwise (arrow direction) magnetic flux that sequentially passes through the lower surface 15 of the step portion 11 of the first pole 10, the movable member 30, the arc-shaped portion 26 of the second pole 20, and the connecting portion 3. Occurs. Then, the magnetic flux of the coil 17 and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 12 in the same direction are generated between the lower surface 15 of the step portion 11 of the first pole 10 and the left end portion of the movable member 30, and the electromagnet of the coil 17. The attracting force obtained by adding the attracting force by and the attracting force by the permanent magnet 12 acts on the movable member 30. On the other hand, between the lower surface 25 of the step portion 21 of the second pole 20 and the right end portion of the movable member 30, the magnetic flux of the coil 27 and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 22 in opposite directions are generated. The attraction force by the electromagnet and the attraction force by the permanent magnet 22 cancel each other. As a result, the attractive force acting between the lower surface 15 of the step portion 11 of the first pole 10 and the left end portion of the movable member 30 is increased, and the lower surface 25 of the step portion 21 of the second pole 20 is movable with the lower surface 25. The suction force acting between the right end portion of the member 30 is reduced. Therefore, the movable member 30 rotates clockwise with the rotation shaft 31 as a fulcrum, the left end thereof contacts the lower surface 15 of the step portion 11 of the first pole 10, and the right end thereof is the second pole 20. It will be in the state which does not contact the lower surface 25 of the step part 21 of this.

  On the other hand, when a current flows through the coils 17 and 27 in the direction shown in FIG. 2B, an upward magnetic flux is generated in the first pole 10, and the S pole, which is the outer magnetic pole, is strengthened. In the second pole 20, a downward magnetic flux is generated, and the N pole, which is the inner magnetic pole, is strengthened. Therefore, a magnetic flux that flows from the N pole of the second pole 20 to the S pole of the first pole 10 through the movable member 30 is generated. In other words, at this time, the magnetic flux in the clockwise direction (in the direction of the arrow) passing through the lower surface 25 of the step portion 21 of the second pole 20, the movable member 30, the arc-shaped portion 16 of the first pole 10, and the connecting portion 3 in order. appear. Then, the magnetic flux of the coil 27 and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 22 in the same direction are generated between the lower surface 25 of the step portion 21 of the second pole 20 and the right end portion of the movable member 30, and the electromagnet of the coil 27. The attracting force obtained by adding the attracting force due to and the attracting force due to the permanent magnet 22 acts on the movable member 30. On the other hand, between the lower surface 15 of the step portion 11 of the first pole 10 and the left end portion of the movable member 30, the magnetic flux of the coil 17 and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 12 in opposite directions are generated. The attraction force by the electromagnet and the attraction force by the permanent magnet 12 cancel each other. As a result, the attractive force acting between the lower surface 15 of the step portion 11 of the first pole 10 and the left end portion of the movable member 30 is reduced, and the lower surface 25 of the step portion 21 of the second pole 20 is movable with the lower surface 25. The suction force acting between the right end portion of the member 30 increases. Therefore, the movable member 30 rotates counterclockwise with the rotation shaft 31 as a fulcrum, its right end portion contacts the lower surface 25 of the step portion 21 of the second pole 20, and its left end portion is the first pole. 10 is not in contact with the lower surface 15 of the step 11.

  As described above, in the actuator 1 of the present embodiment, a current in a predetermined direction is passed through the coils 17 and 27, whereby the lower surface 15 of the step portion 11 of the first pole 10 and the left end portion of the movable member 30. In between, the magnetic flux of the coil 17 and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 12 strengthen each other, and the magnetic flux of the coil 27 and the permanent magnet 22 are between the lower surface 25 of the step portion 21 of the second pole 20 and the right end portion of the movable member 30. The magnetic flux of each other weakens. Therefore, magnetic flux passes from the lower surface 15 of the step portion 11 to the movable member 30, and an attractive force is generated between the lower surface 15 of the step portion 11 and the left end portion of the movable member 30. On the other hand, by passing a current in the opposite direction to the coils 17 and 27, the magnetic flux of the coil 27 and the permanent magnet 22 are provided between the lower surface 25 of the step portion 21 of the second pole 20 and the right end portion of the movable member 30. The magnetic flux of the coil 17 and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 12 are weakened between the lower surface 15 of the step portion 11 of the first pole 10 and the left end portion of the movable member 30. Therefore, magnetic flux passes from the lower surface 25 of the step portion 21 to the movable member 30, and an attractive force is generated between the lower surface 25 of the step portion 21 and the right end portion of the movable member 30. Here, since the permanent magnets 12 and 22 are arranged in the vicinity of the magnetic pole surfaces of the first pole 10 and the second pole 20, the magnetic pole face on the side where the magnetic flux of the coil and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet strengthen each other is movable. The attraction force acting between the members is the sum of the attraction force by the electromagnet and the attraction force by the permanent magnet. Therefore, compared with the case where the movable member is rotated only by the attraction force by the electromagnet, the rotation direction of the movable member can be changed quickly, and the responsiveness of the opening / closing operation of the valve or the like driven by the actuator 1 is improved. be able to.

  Next, a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an actuator according to a modified example of the first embodiment.

  The actuator 1a of this modification differs greatly from the actuator 1 of the first embodiment in that in the actuator 1, the coils 17 and 27 are wound around the first pole 10 and the second pole 20, respectively. On the other hand, in the actuator 1a, the coil 17a is wound around the connecting portion 3. In addition, in the structure of the actuator 1a and the actuator 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the actuator 1 a of FIG. 3, a coil 17 a is wound around the connecting portion 3 that connects the first pole 10 and the second pole 20. Here, the coil 17a is wound around the connecting portion 3a by a plurality of turns, but an example is shown in FIG. The both ends of the coil 17a are connected to a current control device (not shown), and the value of current flowing in the coil and its direction are controlled.

  Next, the operation of the actuator 1a will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 shows the rotation operation of the movable member of the actuator.

  First, when a current is applied to the coil 17a in the direction shown in FIG. 4A, the lower surface 15 of the step portion 11 of the first pole 10 and the left end portion of the movable member 30 are The magnetic flux of the coil 17a and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 12 are generated in the same direction, and between the lower surface 25 of the step portion 21 of the second pole 20 and the right end portion of the movable member 30, the coils in the opposite directions to each other. The magnetic flux of 17a and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 22 are generated. On the other hand, when a current is passed through the coil 17a in the direction shown in FIG. 4B, between the lower surface 15 of the step portion 11 of the first pole 10 and the left end portion of the movable member 30, The magnetic flux of the coil 17a in the opposite direction and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 12 are generated, and the coil in the same direction is interposed between the lower surface 25 of the step portion 21 of the second pole 20 and the right end portion of the movable member 30. The magnetic flux of 17a and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 22 are generated. Therefore, the operation of the movable member 30 is the same as that in the first embodiment.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the actuator according to the present embodiment.

  The actuator 101 of the present embodiment is greatly different from the actuator 1 of the first embodiment. In the actuator 1, the permanent magnets 12 and 22 are embedded in the first pole 10 and the second pole 20. On the other hand, in the actuator 101, the permanent magnets 112 and 122 are arranged on the surfaces of the first pole 10 and the second pole 20. In addition, in the structure of the actuator 101 and the actuator 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The actuator 101 in FIG. 5 has an iron core 2 composed of a first pole 10, a second pole 20, and a connecting portion 3 that connects them. Permanent magnets 112 and 122 are disposed on the lower surfaces 15 and 16 of the step portions 11 and 21 of the first pole 10 and the second pole 20, respectively. The permanent magnets 112 and 122 are plate-like members, and one end surface is an N pole and the other end surface is an S pole. In the present embodiment, the surface that becomes the S pole of the permanent magnet 112 and the surface that becomes the S pole of the permanent magnet 122 are bonded to the lower surfaces 15 and 16 of the step portions 11 and 21, and become the N pole of the permanent magnet 112. The surface and the surface serving as the N pole of the permanent magnet 122 are arranged on the surface of the first pole 10 or the second pole 20.

  Here, in the first pole 10, the lower surface of the permanent magnet 112 and the arc-shaped portion 16 are magnetic pole surfaces, and in the second pole 20, the lower surface of the permanent magnet 112 and the arc-shaped portion 26 are magnetic pole surfaces. And since the permanent magnets 112 and 122 are arrange | positioned in the direction mentioned above, the circular-arc-shaped parts 16 and 26 have the polarity of a south pole. That is, the first pole 10 and the second pole 20 have an N-pole magnetic pole face and an S-pole magnetic pole face, respectively.

  A movable member 30 that is rotatable about the rotation shaft 31 is disposed in a region below the step portions 11 and 21 between the first pole 10 and the second pole 20. When the movable member 30 swings around the rotating shaft 31, the distal end surface of the left end portion of the movable member 30 and the arc-shaped portion 16 of the first pole 10 always face each other and the right end portion of the movable member 30 The distal end surface and the arc-shaped portion 26 of the second pole 20 are always opposed to each other. The movable member 30 can be rotated clockwise to have its left end contact with the lower surface of the permanent magnet 112, and can be rotated counterclockwise so that its right end is in contact with the lower surface of the permanent magnet 122. Is possible.

  Next, the operation of the actuator 101 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 shows the rotating operation of the movable member of the actuator.

  First, when a current flows through the coils 17 and 27 in the direction shown in FIG. 6A, a downward magnetic flux is generated in the first pole 10, and the N pole, which is the inner magnetic pole, is strengthened. In the second pole 20, an upward magnetic flux is generated, and the S pole, which is the outer magnetic pole, is strengthened. Therefore, a magnetic flux that flows from the N pole of the first pole 10 to the S pole of the second pole 20 through the movable member 30 is generated. That is, at this time, the counterclockwise (arrow direction) magnetic flux that sequentially passes through the lower surface 15 of the step portion 11 of the first pole 10, the movable member 30, the arc-shaped portion 26 of the second pole 20, and the connecting portion 3. Occurs. Then, a magnetic flux of the coil 17 and a magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 112 in the same direction are generated between the lower surface of the permanent magnet 112 and the left end portion of the movable member 30, and the attraction force by the electromagnet of the coil 17 and the permanent magnet 112. The suction force obtained by adding together the suction force due to the above acts on the movable member 30. On the other hand, between the lower surface of the permanent magnet 122 and the right end of the movable member 30, the magnetic flux of the coil 27 and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 122 are generated in opposite directions, and the attractive force of the coil 27 by the electromagnet and the permanent magnet are generated. The suction force by 122 cancels out. As a result, the attractive force acting between the lower surface of the permanent magnet 112 and the left end portion of the movable member 30 increases, and the attractive force acting between the lower surface of the permanent magnet 122 and the right end portion of the movable member 30 is increased. Decrease. Therefore, the movable member 30 rotates clockwise with the rotation shaft 31 as a fulcrum, and its left end is in contact with the lower surface of the permanent magnet 112, and its right end is not in contact with the lower surface of the permanent magnet 122.

  On the other hand, when a current flows through the coils 17 and 27 in the direction shown in FIG. 6B, an upward magnetic flux is generated in the first pole 10, and the S pole, which is the outer magnetic pole, is strengthened. In the second pole 20, a downward magnetic flux is generated, and the N pole, which is the inner magnetic pole, is strengthened. Therefore, a magnetic flux that flows from the N pole of the second pole 20 to the S pole of the first pole 10 through the movable member 30 is generated. In other words, at this time, the magnetic flux in the clockwise direction (in the direction of the arrow) passing through the lower surface 25 of the step portion 21 of the second pole 20, the movable member 30, the arc-shaped portion 16 of the first pole 10, and the connecting portion 3 in order. appear. Then, a magnetic flux of the coil 27 and a magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 122 in the same direction are generated between the lower surface of the permanent magnet 122 and the right end portion of the movable member 30, and the attraction force of the coil 27 by the electromagnet and the permanent magnet 122. The suction force obtained by adding together the suction force due to the above acts on the movable member 30. On the other hand, between the lower surface of the permanent magnet 112 and the left end portion of the movable member 30, the magnetic flux of the coil 17 and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 112 in opposite directions are generated. The suction force by 112 cancels out. As a result, the attractive force acting between the lower surface of the permanent magnet 112 and the left end portion of the movable member 30 is reduced, and the attractive force acting between the lower surface of the permanent magnet 122 and the right end portion of the movable member 30 is reduced. To increase. Therefore, the movable member 30 rotates counterclockwise with the rotation shaft 31 as a fulcrum, and its right end is in contact with the lower surface of the permanent magnet 122 and its left end is not in contact with the lower surface of the permanent magnet 112. .

  As shown in FIG. 6A, even when the current does not flow through the coil 17 in a state where the left end portion of the movable member 30 is in contact with the lower surface of the permanent magnet 112, the movable member 30 is held in that state. Further, as shown in FIG. 6B, even when the current does not flow to the coil 27 in a state where the right end portion of the movable member 30 is in contact with the lower surface of the permanent magnet 122, the movable member is caused by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 122. 30 is held in that state.

  As described above, in the actuator 101 according to the present embodiment, the responsiveness of the opening / closing operation of a valve or the like driven by the actuator 101 can be improved as in the actuator 1 according to the first embodiment.

  Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the actuator according to the present embodiment.

  The actuator 201 of the present embodiment differs greatly from the actuator 1 of the first embodiment in that the actuator 1 has the first pole 10 and the second pole 20 whereas the actuator 201 Then, it is the point which has the 1st-3rd poles 210-212.

  The actuator 201 in FIG. 7 includes an iron core 202 including a first pole 210, a second pole 211, a third pole 212, and connecting portions 214 and 215 that connect these. The first to third poles 210 to 212 are rod-shaped members extending in one direction (the vertical direction in FIG. 7), and face each other with a predetermined interval. The third pole 212 is disposed on the side opposite to the second pole 211 with respect to the first pole 210. The first pole 210 and the second pole 211 have their upper ends connected to each other via a connecting portion 214, and the first pole 210 and the third pole 212 have their upper ends connected to each other. Are connected via a connecting portion 215, and the iron core 202 has a substantially inverted W-shaped cross section. Further, the first to third poles 210 to 212 are inclined so as to increase in width toward the tip thereof. Therefore, when the movable member 240 described later rotates, the movable member 240 and the first to third poles 210 to 212 can be contacted without a gap.

  A permanent magnet 231 is disposed on the left end surface of the first pole 210 (the surface facing the second pole 211), and on the right end surface (the surface facing the third pole 212) of the first pole 210. Permanent magnets 232 are respectively arranged. A permanent magnet 233 is disposed on the right end surface of the second pole 211 (the surface facing the first pole 210), and the left end surface (the surface facing the first pole 210) of the third pole 212. ), Permanent magnets 234 are respectively disposed. The permanent magnets 231 to 234 are plate-shaped members, and one end surface is an N pole and the other end surface is an S pole. In the present embodiment, the surface of the permanent magnet 231 serving as the N pole and the surface of the permanent magnet 232 serving as the S pole coincide with the surface of the first pole 210, and the surface of the permanent magnet serving as the N pole is the second pole. The surface of the permanent magnet 234 is aligned with the surface of the third pole 212 so as to coincide with the surface of the third pole 212.

  Here, in the first pole 210, the left end face and the right end face are magnetic pole faces, in the second pole 211, the right end face is a magnetic pole face, and in the third pole 212, the left end face is a magnetic pole face. Become. In the first pole 210, since the permanent magnets 231 and 232 are arranged in the above-described direction, the left end face has an N-pole polarity and the right end face has an S-pole polarity. . That is, the first pole 210 has an N-pole magnetic pole face and an S-pole magnetic pole face.

  Further, below the first pole 210, a movable member 240 that is rotatable about the rotating shaft 241 is disposed. The movable member 240 is a substantially U-shaped member and includes a first contact portion 245 and a second contact portion 246. The first contact portion 245 is disposed between the first pole 210 and the second pole 211, and the second contact portion 246 is disposed between the first pole 210 and the third pole 212. Has been. The rotating shaft 241 extends in the horizontal direction (in the drawing, the back direction in the drawing) below the first pole 210. Therefore, the movable member 240 can swing left and right with the rotating shaft 241 as a fulcrum. The movable member 240 rotates clockwise so that the inner surface of the first contact portion 245 contacts the left end surface of the first pole 210 and the outer surface of the second contact portion 246 is the left end of the third pole 212. The outer surface of the first contact portion 245 contacts the right end surface of the second pole 211 and the inner surface of the second contact portion 246 is the first pole by rotating counterclockwise. The right end surface of 210 can be contacted.

  A coil 250 is wound around the first pole 210. Here, the coil 250 is wound around the first pole 210 by a plurality of turns, and is schematically shown in FIG. The both ends of the coil 250 are connected to a current control device (not shown), and the value of current flowing in the coil and its direction are controlled.

  Next, the operation of the actuator 201 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 shows the rotating operation of the movable member of the actuator.

  First, when a current flows through the coil 250 in the direction shown in FIG. 8A, a downward magnetic flux is generated in the first pole 210, and the N pole that is the left magnetic pole is strengthened. Therefore, a magnetic flux that flows from the N pole of the first pole 210 to the S pole of the third pole 212 through the movable member 240 is generated. That is, at this time, a counterclockwise magnetic flux (in the direction of the arrow) is generated that sequentially passes through the first pole 210, the movable member 240, the third pole 212, and the connecting portion 215. Then, a magnetic flux of the coil 250 and a magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 231 in the same direction are generated between the left end surface of the first pole 210 and the first contact portion 245 of the movable member 240, and are generated by the electromagnet of the coil 250. The attractive force obtained by adding the attractive force and the attractive force by the permanent magnet 231 acts on the first contact portion 245 of the movable member 240. On the other hand, between the right end surface of the first pole 210 and the second contact portion 246 of the movable member 240, the magnetic flux of the coil 250 and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 232 in opposite directions are generated, and the electromagnet of the coil 250. The attraction force due to and the attraction force due to the permanent magnet 232 cancel each other. As a result, the attractive force acting between the left end surface of the first pole 210 and the first contact portion 245 of the movable member 240 is increased, and the right end surface of the first pole 210 and the second contact portion of the movable member 240 are increased. The suction force acting between the H.246 and the H.246 is reduced. Therefore, the movable member 240 rotates clockwise with the rotation shaft 241 as a fulcrum, the inner surface of the first contact portion 245 contacts the left end surface of the first pole 210, and the inner surface of the second contact portion 246. Is not in contact with the right end surface of the first pole 210, but the outer surface thereof is in contact with the left end surface of the third pole 212.

  On the other hand, when a current flows through the coil 250 in the direction shown in FIG. 8B, an upward magnetic flux is generated in the first pole 210, and the S pole, which is the right magnetic pole, is strengthened. Therefore, a magnetic flux that flows from the N pole of the second pole 211 to the S pole of the first pole 210 through the movable member 240 is generated. That is, at this time, a counterclockwise magnetic flux (in the direction of the arrow) that sequentially passes through the first pole 210, the connecting portion 214, the second pole 211, and the movable member 240 is generated. Then, the magnetic flux of the coil 250 and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 232 in the same direction are generated between the right end surface of the first pole 210 and the second contact portion 246 of the movable member 240, and are generated by the electromagnet of the coil 250. The attractive force obtained by adding the attractive force and the attractive force by the permanent magnet 232 acts on the second contact portion 246 of the movable member 240. On the other hand, between the left end surface of the first pole 210 and the first contact portion 245 of the movable member 240, the magnetic flux of the coil 250 and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 231 in opposite directions are generated, and the electromagnet of the coil 250 is generated. The attraction force due to and the attraction force due to the permanent magnet 231 cancel each other. As a result, the attractive force acting between the right end surface of the first pole 210 and the second contact portion 246 of the movable member 240 is increased, and the left end surface of the first pole 210 and the first contact portion of the movable member 240 are increased. The suction force acting between the 245 and 245 is reduced. Therefore, the movable member 240 rotates counterclockwise with the rotation shaft 241 as a fulcrum, the inner side surface of the second contact portion 246 contacts the right end surface of the first pole 210, and the inner side of the first contact portion 245 The side surface does not contact the left end surface of the first pole 210, and the outer surface thereof contacts the right end surface of the second pole 211.

  As shown in FIG. 8A, the inner surface of the first contact portion 245 of the movable member 240 contacts the left end surface of the first pole 210, and the outer surface of the second contact portion 246 is the third. Even when no current flows through the coil 250 in contact with the left end surface of the pole 212, the movable member 240 is held in that state by the magnetic force of the permanent magnets 231 and 234. 8B, the inner surface of the second contact portion 246 is in contact with the right end surface of the first pole 210, and the outer surface of the first contact portion 245 is the second pole 211. Even when the current stops flowing to the coil 250 in a state where it is in contact with the right end surface, the movable member 240 is held in that state by the magnetic force of the permanent magnets 232 and 233.

  As described above, in the actuator 201 according to the present embodiment, the responsiveness of the opening / closing operation of a valve or the like driven by the actuator 201 can be improved as in the actuator 1 according to the first embodiment.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various design changes can be made as long as they are described in the claims. For example, in the first embodiment described above, the coil 17 is wound around the first pole 10 and the coil 27 is wound around the second pole 20. It may be wound only around one of the first pole 10 and the second pole 20.

  In the first embodiment described above, the N pole surface of the permanent magnet 12 and the N pole surface of the permanent magnet 22 are on the inside, and the S pole surface of the permanent magnet 12 and the permanent magnet 22. The surface of the permanent magnet 12 and the surface of the permanent magnet 22 and the surface of the permanent magnet 22 become the inside, and the N pole of the permanent magnet 12 The surface to be formed and the surface to be the N pole of the permanent magnet 22 may be disposed outside. The permanent magnets 12 and 22 have magnetic pole faces parallel to the axes of the first pole 10 and the second pole 20 but are inclined with respect to the axes of the first pole 10 and the second pole 20. It may have a pole face.

  In the second embodiment described above, the surface of the permanent magnet 112 serving as the south pole and the surface of the permanent magnet 122 serving as the south pole are bonded to the lower surfaces 15 and 16 of the step portions 11 and 21. The N pole surface of 112 and the N pole surface of the permanent magnet 122 are arranged on the surfaces of the first pole 10 and the second pole 20, but the N pole surface and permanent magnet of the permanent magnet 112. The N pole surface of 122 is bonded to the lower surfaces 15 and 16 of the step portions 11 and 21, and the S pole surface of the permanent magnet 112 and the S pole surface of the permanent magnet 122 are the first pole 10 and It may be arranged on the surface of the second pole 20.

  Further, in the first to third embodiments described above, the magnetic pole surfaces of the first pole 10, the second pole 20, and the first pole 210 have the polarity of the N pole and the polarity of the S pole. The permanent magnets only need to be arranged so as to be separated from the magnetic pole surfaces having the shape, and the shape, size and arrangement of the permanent magnets can be changed. Therefore, in the above-described third embodiment, even if the surface of the permanent magnet 231 that serves as the N pole and the surface of the permanent magnet 232 that serves as the S pole do not coincide with the surface of the first pole 210. As shown in FIG. 9, an actuator 201 a in which a permanent magnet 235 extending in the vertical direction is embedded at the center position of the first pole 210 may be used.

It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the actuator which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The rotation operation | movement of the movable member of the actuator of FIG. 1 is shown. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the actuator which concerns on the modification of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. Fig. 4 shows a rotation operation of a movable member of the actuator of Fig. 3. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the actuator which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Fig. 6 shows a rotation operation of a movable member of the actuator of Fig. 5. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the actuator which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 8 shows a rotating operation of a movable member of the actuator of FIG. 7. FIG. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the actuator which concerns on the modification of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1, 101, 201 Actuator 10 First electromagnet pole 20 Second electromagnet pole 12, 22 Permanent magnet 17, 27 Coil 30 Movable member 210 First electromagnet pole 211 Second electromagnet pole 212 Third Electromagnetic poles 231 to 234 Permanent magnet 240 Movable member 250 Coil

Claims (4)

A first electromagnet pole having a coil and generating magnetic flux;
A second electromagnet pole having a coil and generating magnetic flux;
Each of the first electromagnet pole and the second electromagnet pole is incorporated into each of the first electromagnet pole and the second electromagnet pole, and has a magnetic pole surface parallel to or inclined with respect to the axis of the first electromagnet pole and the second electromagnet pole. And a pair of permanent magnets having opposite pole faces having the same polarity;
A movable member disposed between the pole of the first electromagnet and the pole of the second electromagnet and rotatably supported;
By controlling the energization so that the direction of the current flowing through the pole-side coil of the first electromagnet and the pole-side coil of the second electromagnet is changed, the poles of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet By generating magnetic fluxes in different directions alternately with the poles, the magnetic flux generated by energizing the poles of the first electromagnet, the magnetic flux generated by energizing the poles of the second electromagnet, and the attractive force generated by the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets, An actuator characterized in that the movable member is rotationally driven. A first electromagnet pole having a coil and generating magnetic flux;
A second electromagnet pole having a coil and generating magnetic flux;
A first permanent magnet that is incorporated in the pole of the first electromagnet and has a first magnetic pole surface that contacts the pole-side end of the first electromagnet of the movable member when the movable member is rotatable. When,
It is incorporated in the pole of the second electromagnet, the end of the movable member on the pole side of the second electromagnet is in contact with the movable member, and has the same polarity as the first magnetic pole surface. A second permanent magnet having a pole face;
A movable member disposed between the pole of the first electromagnet and the pole of the second electromagnet and rotatably supported;
By controlling the energization so that the direction of the current flowing through the pole-side coil of the first electromagnet and the pole-side coil of the second electromagnet is changed, the poles of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet By generating magnetic fluxes in different directions alternately with the poles, the magnetic flux generated by energizing the poles of the first electromagnet, the magnetic flux generated by energizing the poles of the second electromagnet, and the attractive force generated by the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets, An actuator characterized in that the movable member is rotationally driven. A first electromagnet pole having a coil and generating magnetic flux;
A pole of the second electromagnet;
A third electromagnet pole disposed on the opposite side of the first electromagnet pole from the second electromagnet pole;
One end arranged between the pole of the first electromagnet and the pole of the second electromagnet, and the other end arranged between the pole of the first electromagnet and the pole of the third electromagnet A movable member that is rotatably supported, and
Built in each of the poles of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet, each having a first magnetic pole face that contacts one end of the movable member when the movable member is rotatable, and facing each other A first pair of permanent magnets having the same polarity as the first magnetic pole surface;
It is incorporated in each of the poles of the first electromagnet and the third electromagnet, and has a second magnetic pole surface that contacts the other end of the movable member when the movable member is rotatable. The second magnetic pole surface has the same polarity and a second pair of permanent magnets having a different polarity from the first magnetic pole surface,
By controlling energization so that the direction of the current flowing in the coil wound around the pole of the first electromagnet is changed, the second electromagnet pole and the third electromagnet pole have different directions alternately. Generating a magnetic flux and rotationally driving the movable member by an attractive force generated by a magnetic flux generated by energization of the pole of the second electromagnet, a magnetic flux generated by energization of the pole of the third electromagnet, and a magnetic flux of the permanent magnet. An actuator characterized by. A first electromagnet pole having a coil and generating magnetic flux;
A pole of the second electromagnet;
A third electromagnet pole disposed on the opposite side of the first electromagnet pole from the second electromagnet pole;
One end arranged between the pole of the first electromagnet and the pole of the second electromagnet, and the other end arranged between the pole of the first electromagnet and the pole of the third electromagnet A movable member that is rotatably supported, and
It is incorporated in the pole of the first electromagnet, and is arranged to divide the pole of the first electromagnet into a part on the pole side of the second electromagnet and a part on the pole side of the third electromagnet. With permanent magnets,
By controlling energization so that the direction of the current flowing in the coil wound around the pole of the first electromagnet is changed, the second electromagnet pole and the third electromagnet pole have different directions alternately. Generating a magnetic flux and rotationally driving the movable member by an attractive force generated by a magnetic flux generated by energization of the pole of the second electromagnet, a magnetic flux generated by energization of the pole of the third electromagnet, and a magnetic flux of the permanent magnet. An actuator characterized by.

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