JP2007209278A - Working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate problems that contact parts are floated and opened even without pushing down an emergency stop switch 20 to carelessly stop the driving of an engine 11 because of vibration, etc., during traveling on a road in a working machine. <P>SOLUTION: The working machine is equipped with a safety device 30 having a safety circuit 31 connected to a stop solenoid 32 and a battery 12. The emergency stop switch 20 is connected in series in the safety circuit 31. The emergency stop switch 20 has a contact point A 41 and a contact point B 40. A bypass circuit 33 is connected in parallel with the emergency stop switch 20 in the safety circuit 31. In the bypass circuit 33, the operation clutch switch 34 and a first relay 35 are installed. A second relay 36 is provided between the emergency stop switch 20 and the stop solenoid 32. The second relay 36 is composed so that the connection between the emergency stop switch 20 and the stop solenoid 32 is changed over to a cut-off state only when the operation clutch switch 34 is kept in a turned-off state and the contact point A 41 of the emergency stop switch 20 is kept in a turned-on state. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a work machine such as a combine machine or other special working vehicle such as a crane truck, and more particularly to a configuration for emergency stop of an engine mounted on the work machine. is there.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, work machines such as combines and crane trucks are provided with a safety device for emergency stop of an engine when an accident occurs, in addition to a key switch for starting and stopping the engine. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a safety device in a combine.

  The combine described in Patent Document 1 includes a safety circuit in which a stop solenoid provided in association with a fuel injection pump with a governor and a battery are connected to a traveling machine body on which a diesel engine and a battery are mounted. In this safety circuit, an emergency stop switch for turning on and off the stop solenoid is connected in series.

  The emergency stop switch is a return-type push switch (also referred to as a momentary switch), and is a type in which a contact portion (switch portion) opens when pressed. The contact portion when not pressed is held in a closed state (entered state, conductive state) by the elastic biasing force of the spring. Normally, in order to reliably stop the diesel engine in the event of an accident, etc., a spring with a relatively small elastic biasing force is used to improve the sensitivity of the contact part for pressing operation, and lightly touch (hit) the emergency stop switch. It is configured so that the contact portion is surely opened at a certain degree.

According to this configuration, when the emergency stop switch is pressed during driving of the diesel engine, the contact portion is opened (cut off or cut off), the power supply to the stop solenoid is cut off, and the stop solenoid is demagnetized. As a result, the fuel supply by the fuel injection pump with the governor is stopped, and the driving of the diesel engine is stopped without turning off the key switch.
JP-A-5-65724

  However, as described above, in the configuration of Patent Document 1, a spring having a relatively small elastic biasing force is used to improve the sensitivity of the contact portion with respect to the pressing operation. For example, due to vibration during traveling on the road, Although the emergency stop switch has not been pressed, the contact portion floats and is opened (becomes turned off), and the diesel engine may be inadvertently stopped.

  Therefore, the present invention has a technical problem to provide a working machine that solves the above-described adverse effects.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a work machine including a safety circuit in which an engine stop unit for stopping driving of the engine and the battery are connected to a traveling machine body on which an engine and a battery are mounted. Emergency operation means for turning on and off the engine stop means is provided in the circuit. The emergency operation means includes a B contact that is turned off during operation and an A contact that is turned on during operation, and a bypass circuit is connected to the safety circuit in parallel with the emergency operation means. In the bypass circuit, in order from the upstream side in the current direction, working clutch operating means for power discontinuation operation to the working unit, and the bypass circuit is in a disconnected state in conjunction with the on / off operation of the working clutch operating means First switching means for selectively switching to the conductive state is provided. On the other hand, a second switching means is provided on the downstream side of the bypass circuit between the emergency operation means and the engine stop means in the safety circuit, and the second switching means is configured to operate the work clutch operation. Only when the means is in the cut-off state and the A contact of the emergency operation means is in the on state, the emergency operation means and the engine stop means are switched to the shut-off state.

  The invention of claim 2 is the one in which claim 1 is applied to a combine in which a threshing device with a feed chain is mounted on a traveling machine body. In this case, a threshing device with a feed chain as the working unit is mounted on the traveling machine body of the combine, and the emergency operation means is provided on the outer surface of the traveling machine body on the feed chain side.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, the emergency operation means for turning on and off the engine stop means includes a B contact that is turned off at the time of operation and an A contact that is turned on at the time of operation. A bypass circuit is connected to the safety circuit connected to the battery in parallel with the emergency operation means. And, in the bypass circuit, in order from the upstream side in the current direction, working clutch operating means for power discontinuation operation to the working part, and the bypass circuit is cut off in conjunction with the on / off operation of the working clutch operating means And a first switching means for selectively switching to the conductive state.

  When traveling on the road with a work machine, it is not necessary to transmit power to the working unit, and the work clutch operating means is in a disengaged state, so that the bypass circuit is in a conductive state in the first switching means, As a result, as the energization path from the battery to the engine stop means, two paths are ensured: via the safety circuit and via the bypass circuit.

  For this reason, even if the emergency operation means is not operated due to vibration or the like when traveling on the road, both the A and B contacts are turned off. It is possible to maintain the driving of the engine by receiving power supply via. Therefore, there is no risk of the engine driving being inadvertently stopped when traveling on the road, and driving safety is improved.

  Further, a second switching means is provided downstream of the bypass circuit between the emergency operation means and the engine stop means in the safety circuit, and the second switching means is configured to operate the work clutch operation. Since the configuration is such that the emergency operation means and the engine stop means are switched to the shut-off state only when the means is in the cut-off state and the A-contact of the emergency operation means is in the on-state. Even when the means is in the cut-off state, if the emergency operation means is operated and the contact A is turned on, the power supply to the engine stop means is stopped by the second switching means, and the engine stop means Thus, the driving of the engine can be stopped reliably.

  Moreover, when the work clutch operating means is in the engaged state as in farm work, the bypass circuit is cut off by the first switching means, and the energization path from the battery to the engine stop means is only the safety circuit. Therefore, as in the conventional case, the power supply to the engine stop means is stopped only by turning off the B contact of the emergency operation means, and the engine stop means quickly drives the engine. And it can be stopped reliably.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments embodying the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings (FIGS. 1 to 4). 1 is a side view of a combine to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view showing an arrangement mode of an emergency stop switch, FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged front view of a threshing device, and FIGS. FIG.

(1). General Structure of Combine First, the general structure of the combine will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The combine for four-row cutting in this embodiment includes a traveling machine body 1 supported by a pair of left and right traveling crawlers 2 and 2. At the front part of the traveling machine body 1, a pre-cutting processing device 3 that takes in while harvesting cereals is mounted so as to be adjustable up and down by a single-acting hydraulic cylinder (not shown). A threshing device 4 with a feed chain 5 and a grain tank 6 for storing grain after threshing are mounted side by side on the traveling machine body 1. In the present embodiment, the threshing device 4 is disposed on the left side in the traveling direction of the traveling machine body 1, and the grain tank 6 is disposed on the right side in the traveling direction of the traveling machine body 1. Between the pre-harvest processing device 3 and the grain tank 6, there is provided a driving unit 8 having a steering round handle 9 and a driving seat 10 for changing the direction and speed of the traveling machine body 1. An engine 11 is disposed below the operation unit 8. A diesel engine is adopted as the engine 11 of the present embodiment. The traveling machine body 1 is also provided with a battery 12 for electric control (see FIG. 4).

  The pre-harvest processing device 3 includes a clipper-type cutting blade device 13, a culm pulling device 14 for four strips, a culm transporting device 15, and a weed body 16. The cutting blade device 13 is provided below the cutting frame 17 constituting the cutting pretreatment device 3. The grain raising device 14 is disposed above the cutting frame 17. The corn straw transporting device 15 is disposed between the corn straw pulling device 14 and the front end of the feed chain 5. The weeding body 16 protrudes in front of the lower part of the grain raising device 14. The harvested cereal grains harvested by the pre-harvest processing device 3 are transferred to the feed chain 5 and threshed by the threshing device 4.

  In the handling room of the threshing apparatus 4, a handling cylinder 18 for threshing the harvested cereal meal is built. Below the handling cylinder 18 are arranged a swing sorting mechanism for performing swing sorting by a handling net, a chaff sheave or the like, and a wind sorting mechanism for performing wind sorting by a Kara fan. The grains collected by the first receiving bowl at the lower part of the traveling machine body 1 through the sorting by both the sorting mechanisms are accumulated in the grain tank 6 via the first conveyor and the cereal conveyor. The sawdust is sucked into a suction fan disposed at the rear of the threshing device 4 and then discharged from the discharge port to the outside of the machine. The grain in the grain tank 6 is carried out of the machine via the discharge auger 7.

  In addition, the waste inherited from the rear end of the feed chain 5 to the waste chain is discharged to the rear of the traveling machine body 1 in a long state, or after being cut to a short length as appropriate with a waste cutter, It is discharged behind the traveling machine body 1.

  The handling cylinder 18 of the threshing device 4 is covered with a handling cylinder cover body 19 on the upper surface and the side surface on the feed chain 5 side. The handling cylinder cover body 19 is configured to be capable of opening and closing up and down with the side portion on the center side of the traveling machine body 1 as a fulcrum.

  An emergency stop switch 20 as an emergency operation means for an emergency stop operation of the engine 11 and an emergency stop switch 20 are pushed on the outer surface of the barrel cover body 19 on the front end side of the feed chain 5. A stop lamp 60 that is lit is provided. The place where the emergency stop switch 20 and the stop lamp 60 are arranged is a place close to a standing position of an operator or the like when performing a handling operation. Here, the handling operation refers to an operation of inserting a harvested cereal mash that has been harvested manually by an operator or the like into the front end side of the feed chain 5 and threshing with the handling cylinder 18. When an accident such as a foreign matter such as an operator's gloves being caught in the feed chain 5 occurs during the handling operation, pressing the emergency stop switch 20 causes the engine 11 and thus the feed chain 5 to stop driving. In this case, the stop lamp 60 is also turned on. A lock lever 61 and an opening / closing grip 62 are also attached to the outer surface of the handling cylinder cover body 19 for up / down opening / closing rotation operation of the handling cylinder cover body 19.

  The operation unit 8 is provided with a key switch 21 (see FIG. 4) for starting and stopping the engine 11. The key switch 21 of the present embodiment is a rotary switch configured to be able to switch to three terminal positions of an engine stop terminal 22, an energization terminal 22, and a start terminal 24 by rotating a predetermined key inserted into a key hole. is there.

  When the key switch 21 is turned from the engine stop terminal 22 to the position of the start terminal 24 beyond the energization terminal 23, a starter (not shown) is activated and the engine 11 is started. When the hand is released from the key switch 21, the key switch 21 returns to the position of the energizing terminal 23 by the elastic biasing force of a spring (not shown), and the drive of the engine 11 is maintained. When the key switch 21 is turned to the position of the engine stop terminal 22, the drive of the engine 11 is stopped.

(2). Next, the circuit structure of the safety device provided in the combine will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (d).

  A safety device 30 mounted on the traveling machine body 1 connects a battery 12 and a stop solenoid 32 as an engine stop means provided in association with a fuel injection pump 25 with a governor for adjusting the fuel injection amount to the engine 11. The emergency stop switch 20 is connected in series in the safety circuit 31.

  A bypass circuit 33 is connected to the safety circuit 31 in parallel with the emergency stop switch 20, and in the bypass circuit 33, a power cut-off operation for a working unit such as the pre-cutting device 3 or the threshing device 4 is performed. A work clutch switch 34 is provided as work clutch operating means. On the downstream side of the work clutch switch 34 in the bypass circuit 33, a first switching means as a first switching means for selectively switching the bypass circuit 33 between the cutoff state and the conduction state in conjunction with the on / off operation of the work clutch switch 34. One relay 35 is provided.

  On the other hand, between the emergency stop switch 20 and the stop solenoid 32 in the safety circuit 31, a second relay 36 as a second switching means is provided downstream of the bypass circuit 33.

  The configuration of the safety device 30 will be described in further detail. First, the output terminal + of the battery 12 is connected to the input terminal of the key switch 21, and the energization terminal 23 of the key switch 21 is connected to the B contact 40 in the emergency stop switch 20. It is connected to one end of (a contact that opens (cut off, shut off) when pressed). The input terminal − of the battery 12 is grounded.

  The emergency stop switch 20 of the present embodiment is for turning on and off the stop solenoid 32 (operation for energization and deenergization), and is a return-type push switch (also referred to as a momentary switch). The emergency stop switch 20 includes the above-described B contact 40 located on the safety circuit 31 side, an A contact 41 that is in a closed state (on state, conductive state) when pressed, and a movable contact 42.

  The movable contact 42 comes into contact with the B contact 40 when not pressed by the elastic biasing force of a spring (not shown) and is held in the closed state. In this case, a spring having a relatively small elastic biasing force is employed to improve the sensitivity of the B contact 40 with respect to the pressing operation.

  The other ends of the B contact 40 and the A contact 41 are both connected to one input terminal 51 of the switch unit 49 in the second relay 36. One end of the A contact 41 is connected to one end of the coil unit 50 in the second relay 36 via a stop lamp 60. The other end of the coil unit 50 in the second relay 36 is grounded. The output terminal 52 of the switch unit 49 in the second relay 36 is connected to one end of the stop solenoid 32. The other end of the stop solenoid 32 is grounded.

  On the other hand, from a branch point 38 to the bypass circuit 33 between the energizing terminal 22 of the key switch 21 and the B contact 40 of the emergency stop switch 20, one end of the A contact 43 in the work clutch switch 34 and the first relay 35. Are connected to one input terminal 47 of the switch unit 45 in a branched manner.

  The work clutch switch 34 includes the A contact 43 and the movable contact 44 described above, and is a lock type that is held in a closed state when pressed once and returns to an open state when pressed again. The other end of the A contact 43 in the work clutch switch 34 is connected to one end of the coil portion 46 in the first relay 35. The other end of the coil portion 46 in the first relay 35 is grounded. The output terminal 48 of the switch unit 45 in the first relay 35 is connected to a connection point 38 between the emergency stop switch 20 and the switch unit 49 of the second relay 36.

(3). Next, the operation mode of the safety device 30 will be described.

  When the combine travels on the road, it is not necessary to transmit power to the working unit such as the pre-cutting processing device 3 and the threshing device 4, and the working clutch switch 34 is not depressed and is in an open state (cut state, cut-off state). (See FIGS. 4A to 4C).

  In this case, the coil portion 46 of the first relay 35 enters a demagnetized state without flowing current from the battery 12, and the switch portion 45 of the first relay 35 enters a closed state (on state, conductive state). For this reason, when the work clutch switch 34 is in the disengaged state, as the energization path from the battery 12 to the stop solenoid 32, two paths are ensured: via the safety circuit 31 with the emergency stop switch 20 and via the bypass circuit 33. .

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4A, if the emergency stop switch 20 is not depressed and the movable contact 42 is in contact with the B contact 40 in this state, not only the bypass circuit 33 but also the safety circuit 31 is closed. Since the state (entering state, conducting state) is entered, the stop solenoid 32 is excited by energization via the safety circuit 31 or the bypass circuit 33. As a result, the fuel supply by the fuel injection pump 25 with the governor is maintained, and the drive of the engine 11 is maintained.

  Also in this embodiment, since the elastic biasing force of a spring (not shown) that biases the movable contact 42 in the direction in which it contacts the B contact 40 is set to be small in order to improve the sensitivity, vibration during traveling on the road For example, the movable contact 42 may float and be separated from both the A and B contacts 41 and 40 even though the emergency stop switch 20 is not pressed (see FIG. 4B).

  In this regard, in the present embodiment, as the energization path from the battery 12 to the stop solenoid 32, two paths are secured, through the safety circuit 31 with the emergency stop switch 20 and through the bypass circuit 33. Therefore, the emergency stop switch Even if both of the 20 A and B contacts 41 and 40 are in an open state (cut-off state, cut-off state), the stop solenoid 32 is excited by energization via the other bypass circuit 33. For this reason, since the fuel supply by the fuel injection pump 25 with the governor can be maintained, there is no possibility that the driving of the engine 11 will stop carelessly when traveling on the road, and the safety during operation is improved.

  As shown in FIG. 4C, when the work clutch switch 34 is in the disengaged state, if the emergency stop switch 20 is pressed and the movable contact 42 contacts the A contact 41, the safety circuit 31 (B contact 40 side). Since the energization path toward the coil section 50 of the second relay 36 is closed, the current via the bypass circuit 33 causes the A contact 41 and the movable contact 42 of the emergency stop switch 20 to be opened. Through the stop lamp 60 and the coil portion 50 of the second relay 36, and the coil portion 50 is excited. If it does so, the switch part 49 of the 2nd relay 36 will be in an open state, the electricity supply to the stop solenoid 32 will be interrupted | blocked, and the said stop solenoid 32 will demagnetize.

  That is, the second relay 36 switches between the emergency stop switch 20 and the stop solenoid 32 to the disconnected state only when both the work clutch switch 34 and the emergency stop switch 20 are in the open state (disengaged state, disconnected state). The stop solenoid 32 is demagnetized. As a result, the stop lamp 60 is turned on, the fuel supply by the fuel injection pump 25 with the governor is stopped, and the drive of the engine 11 is reliably stopped without the key switch 21 being turned off.

  At the time of combine farming, it is necessary to transmit power to working parts such as the pre-harvest processing device 3 and the threshing device 4, and the work clutch switch 34 is pressed and closed (see FIG. 4D). ).

  In this case, the coil portion 46 of the first relay 35 is energized when the current from the battery 12 flows, and the switch portion 45 of the first relay 35 is opened. For this reason, when the work clutch switch 34 is in the on state, the energization path from the battery 12 to the stop solenoid 32 is only the safety circuit 31 on the emergency stop switch 20 side.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 4D, in this state, the movable contact 42 is separated from the B contact 40 and the safety circuit 31 is in an open state as long as the emergency stop switch 20 is lightly touched (struck) as in the conventional case. . For this reason, the energization to the stop solenoid 32 is interrupted, the stop solenoid 50 is demagnetized, and the fuel supply by the fuel injection pump 25 with the governor is stopped.

  Therefore, for example, when an accident such as a foreign matter such as an operator's gloves being caught in the feed chain 5 occurs during handling operation, the engine 11 and thus the feed chain 5 can be driven even at least lightly touching the emergency stop switch 20. Can be stopped quickly and reliably. If the movable contact 42 comes into contact with the A contact 41, the stop lamp 60 is turned on.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but can be widely applied to various working machines such as agricultural machines such as tractors and special work vehicles such as crane trucks, and can be embodied in various modes. For example, the engine 11 mounted on the traveling machine body is not limited to a diesel engine, and may be a gasoline engine. In this case, the engine stop means is provided in association with an ignition plug for igniting the gas in the combustion chamber, so that ignition by the ignition plug is disabled by pressing the emergency operation means, and the driving of the gasoline engine is stopped. What is necessary is just to comprise.

  Further, the work clutch operating means is not limited to a switch type, and may be a lever type, and the first and second switching means are not limited to relays, and switching elements such as thyristors and transistors may be employed.

  In addition, the configuration of each unit is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

It is a side view of a combine to which the present invention is applied. It is an enlarged side view which shows the arrangement | positioning aspect of an emergency stop switch. It is a partial expanded front view of a threshing apparatus. (A)-(d) is a circuit diagram of the safety device in a combine.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Traveling machine body 10 Operation part 11 Engine 12 Battery 19 Handling cylinder cover body 20 Emergency stop switch 25 as emergency operation means 25 Fuel injection pump 30 with a governor Safety device 31 Safety circuit 32 Stop solenoid 33 as engine stop means 33 Bypass circuit 34 Working clutch Working clutch switch 35 as operating means First relay 36 as first switching means Second relay as second switching means

Claims (2)

An engine and a battery mounted with a safety circuit connecting an engine stop means for stopping driving of the engine and the battery to a traveling machine body on which the engine and the battery are mounted, and the engine stop means is turned on and off in the safety circuit A working machine provided with an emergency operation means for
The emergency operation means includes a B contact that is turned off during operation and an A contact that is turned on during operation, and a bypass circuit is connected to the safety circuit in parallel with the emergency operation means. In the bypass circuit, in order from the upstream side in the current direction, working clutch operating means for power discontinuation operation to the working unit, and the bypass circuit is in a disconnected state in conjunction with the on / off operation of the working clutch operating means While a first switching means for selectively switching to the conductive state is provided,
A second switching means is provided downstream of the bypass circuit between the emergency operation means and the engine stop means in the safety circuit, and the second switching means includes the work clutch operation means. It is configured to switch between the emergency operation means and the engine stop means to a cut-off state only when the A contact of the emergency operation means is in an on state in a cut state.
Work machine. The working machine is a combine, and the traveling machine body of the combine is equipped with a threshing device with a feed chain as the working unit, and the emergency operation means is provided on an outer surface of the traveling machine body on the feed chain side. Provided,
A combine as a work machine according to claim 1.

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