JP2007204918A - Block mat - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a block mat capable of further reducing construction cost, while exhibiting the stairs function for securing safety, in a block integrated block mat laid on a slope face in a revetment work or a banking work. <P>SOLUTION: This block mat is formed by arranging a large number of blocks of forming a design surface as an imitation stone on a surface of a base material sheet 1. The blocks include two kinds of a plate type block 2 having the substantially constant thickness and an inclined type block 3 having the design surface gradually inclining toward the other one side part parallel to one side part from the one side part. The inclined type block 3 is continuously arranged so as to constitute an inclined type block row S3 in the parallel direction to one side of the base material sheet 1. The respective inclined type blocks 3 are arranged by turning the one side part of its thick side toward one in the block arranging direction in the inclined type block row S3. Thus, the inclined type block row S3 exhibits the stairs function. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a block mat, and more particularly, to a block mat for preventing surface erosion that is integrated with a block and is laid on a slope in riverbank or coastal revetment or embankment.

For example, in revetment work on riverbanks and coasts, blocks are laid to prevent erosion of the ground surface, but the use of so-called block mats as a revetment material further increases efficiency. A block mat is a block-integrated surface erosion prevention mat constructed by arranging a large number of square-shaped blocks on the surface of a rectangular base sheet along the length and width of the square base sheet. By arranging an appropriate number on the slope depending on the size of the slope, a revetment can be constructed in a very short period of time, and the construction cost can be reduced by about 30%.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-53683 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 51-9135

  By the way, in revetment construction, it is necessary to set up stairs for ascending and descending between the land side and the shore for every predetermined distance from the viewpoint of ensuring safety when falling, even if the above-mentioned block mat is used. There is. However, the staircase has a problem that it is difficult to reduce the construction cost because a crushed stone base is provided on the slope, and a concrete is placed by placing a formwork. In addition, it is desirable that a larger number of the above-mentioned stairs are installed, but in general, the number of stairs is generally kept to a minimum due to the problem of construction costs.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is a block mat used for revetment work and embankment work, and can exhibit a staircase function for ensuring safety, And it is providing the block mat which can further reduce construction cost.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention forms a block mat by arranging two types of blocks having different shapes on the surface of a base sheet, and an inclined block whose design surface is gradually inclined with respect to one type of block. And by arranging this in a specific direction on the base material sheet, the step surface of the staircase is configured when arranged along the slope line of the slope. In addition, the above-described design surface is formed as a pseudo stone, thereby improving the aesthetics and exhibiting the anti-slip function.

  That is, the gist of the present invention is a block mat laid on a slope in revetment work or embankment work, and the surface of a square base sheet is a block whose planar shape is substantially square and whose design surface is formed as a pseudo stone The block consists of a flat plate block having a substantially constant thickness and an inclined type in which the design surface gradually inclines from one side to another side parallel to the flat block. The inclined block includes two types of blocks, and the inclined blocks are continuously arranged so as to form an inclined block row in a direction parallel to one side of the base sheet, and each inclined block is thick. The present invention resides in a block mat characterized in that one side of the side is arranged toward one of the block arrangement directions in the inclined block row.

  According to the block mat of the present invention, the inclined block whose design surface gradually inclines forms an inclined block row in a direction parallel to one side of the base sheet, and each inclined block is on the thick side. It is arranged with one side facing one side of the block arrangement direction in the inclined block row, the inclined block row is aligned with the slope line of the slope, and the thick side of each inclined block is downward By laying the block mat so that it is located, the inclined block row demonstrates the staircase function for each block mat, so safety can be further increased, and there is no need to construct a staircase separately, Construction costs for revetment or banking can be further reduced.

  An embodiment of a block mat according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an overall configuration of a block mat according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view and a side view showing the outer shape of two types of blocks used in the block mat. FIG. 3 is a side view showing the structure of the inclined block and a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the base sheet. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the inclined block row in the block mat laid on the slope, along the block arrangement direction. In addition, the following description is a typical example of embodiment of this invention, and this invention is not limited to these content.

  The block mat of the present invention is laid on the shore or bank slope in order to prevent soil erosion in bank protection works or banking works such as riverbanks and coasts. Hereinafter, revetment construction will be described as an example. As shown in FIG. 1, the block mat is arranged along the vertical and horizontal directions on the surface of the base sheet (1) formed in a square shape, for example, a rectangle, as shown in FIG. In this way, a large number of blocks (members indicated by reference numerals (2) and (3)) are arranged.

  As the base sheet (1), various synthetic resin sheets having strength, durability and water permeability that can be handled in a state where a large number of blocks are adhered are used. Usually, from the viewpoint of strength, durability, and cost, the base sheet (1) is configured by inserting a polyethylene woven fabric as a reinforcing core material into a polypropylene non-woven fabric. That is, the base sheet (1) in a preferred embodiment has a three-layer structure of nonwoven fabric / woven fabric / nonwoven fabric made of the above resin. The three-layer base material sheet (1) is usually formed by wrapping a woven fabric when the nonwoven fabric is made by a paper machine, and is manufactured by needle punching and reinforcing it. Is done. Moreover, in order to suppress weeds from growing on the revetment, a weedproof sheet may be adhered to the back surface (surface opposite to the block) of the base sheet (1).

  The length of the base sheet (1) (the length in the gradient direction when laid on the slope) is about 1000 to 7000 mm, usually about 6000 mm, excluding the pinch allowance (12) described below. The width of the sheet (1) (the length in the horizontal direction when it is laid on the slope) is about 800 to 1600 mm, usually about 1600 mm, excluding the overlapping margin (11) described later. The thickness of the three-layer base material sheet (1) is about 2 to 5 mm.

  In the above-mentioned block, the planar shape is formed in a substantially square shape, and the design surface (upper surface) is formed as a pseudo stone so as not to damage the landscape. Such a block is made of concrete, and a design of a natural stone used for a stone wall or the like is given to the design surface of the block by shaping the bottom surface of the concrete formwork described later. That is, the design surface of the block has rock-like irregular irregularities. The planar shape of the block is a substantially square having four corners formed in an arc shape, and the length of one side is designed to be about 150 to 200 mm, preferably about 194 mm.

  In the present invention, in order to make the block mat exhibit a staircase function, as the above-mentioned block, a flat block (2) having a substantially constant thickness, and a design surface from one side portion to another side portion parallel thereto Two types are used: an inclined type block (3) in which is gradually inclined (see an enlarged view of part A in FIG. 1). It is conceivable to use only the inclined block (3) as the block, but the inclined block (3) is heavier than the flat block (2), so the workability is poor and the cost is also low. high. Therefore, it is preferable to use the flat block (2) and the inclined block (3) in combination.

  As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the flat block (2) has a body portion excluding unevenness on the design surface set to a constant thickness. The thickness of the main body of the flat block (2) is designed to be about 45 to 65 mm, usually about 55 mm, and the maximum thickness including irregularities on the design surface is about 60 to 80 mm, usually about 70 mm. That is, the maximum thickness of the uneven portion of the design surface is about 15 mm.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the inclined block (3) is in a state where the upper surface side of the main body portion is inclined at a certain angle from one side portion to another side portion parallel thereto, When viewed from the side of another side adjacent to one side, the thickness is designed to gradually change as shown in the figure. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the main body of the inclined block (3) excluding the irregularities of the design surface has a height (t2) on one side of the thick wall of about 85 to 105 mm, usually 96 mm. The height (t1) of one side of the thin wall is designed to be about 20 to 40 mm, and usually about 30 mm. The maximum thickness of the concavo-convex portion of the design surface is about 15 mm as in the flat plate block (2).

  The inclination angle (θ) of the design surface of the inclined block (3) is usually set to 18 to 27 °, preferably 20 °. The reason why the inclination angle (θ) of the inclined block (3) is set in the above range is as follows. In other words, it is standard that the slope for revetment is designed to have a slope around 1: 2.0 (θ = 26.6 °). On the other hand, in the laid block mat, as will be described later, each inclined block (3) is arranged so that one side of the thick wall side is always directed to the lower side of the slope. The design surface of the block (3) functions as a tread surface of the stairs. At that time, when the inclination angle (θ) is set to be smaller than 18 °, the design surface of the inclined block (3) is inclined to the outside and is thus easy to slide, as a staircase. Unusable. On the other hand, when the inclination angle (θ) is set to be larger than 27 °, the design surface of the inclined block (3) is inclined in a closed state on the inner side, so that it is difficult to place the soles on the feet. Similarly, the function as a staircase is impaired. In other words, the inclination angle (θ) of the design surface of the inclined block (3) is preferably set so that its tangent (tan θ) is about 0.36.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the inclined block (3) is used in the center of the design surface in the inclination direction of the design surface in order to prevent slipping more effectively when used as a staircase. It has a groove-like depression (3c) that extends in a direction perpendicular to it. As shown in FIG. 2 (b), the depression (3c) is an inclination of the design surface of the inclined block (3) so that the width of the staircase can be expanded by combining a plurality of inclined blocks (3) in the horizontal direction. It is provided over the entire width in the direction perpendicular to the direction. The width of the recess (3c) (the width along the inclined direction of the design surface) is about 55 to 75 mm, and the depth (D) of the recess (3c) shown in FIG. 3 is about 20 to 30 mm.

  In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2B and 3, the depression (3c) is formed from the design surface when the inclined block (3) is viewed from the side surface orthogonal to the design surface inclination direction. Each falling part is formed in the aspect, and those radii of curvature (R1) and (R3) are set to about 15 to 25 mm. Moreover, the bottom part of the hollow (3c) is also formed in a curved surface, and the curvature radius (R2) is set to about 15 to 25 mm. By forming each falling portion and bottom of the depression (3c) as a curved surface as described above, when the design surface of the inclined block (3) is used as a tread, the design surface and the groove-like depression (3c) Can be used as a more stable tread.

  In the block mat of the present invention, as described above, the inclined block (3) has one side of the substrate sheet (1), as shown in FIG. For example, the inclined block rows (S3) are continuously arranged in a direction parallel to one side in the length direction. The flat block (2) is also continuously arranged so as to form the flat block row (S2) in a direction parallel to one side of the base sheet (1), for example, one side in the length direction. Moreover, each inclined block (3) is arranged with one side on the thick wall side facing one side (downward in FIG. 1) in the block arrangement direction in the inclined block row (S3).

  In the block mat shown in FIG. 1, the flat plate block row (S2) formed by arranging flat plate blocks (2) along the length direction of the base sheet (1) has both sides of the width of the base sheet (1). One row is arranged in each part, and two rows are arranged adjacent to the center of the width of the base sheet (1). And between each flat type block row | line | column (S2) of both sides and two flat plate type block row | line | columns (S2) of a center part, an inclined type block (in the length direction of a base material sheet (1)) ( The inclined block rows (S3) formed by arranging 3) are arranged adjacent to each other.

  In the block mat provided with the flat plate block row (S2) and the inclined block row (S3) as described above, all the inclined blocks (3) constituting each inclined block row (S3) are shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, it arrange | positions so that one side part of the thick wall side may be located in the one side (lower side in FIG. 1) of the length direction of a base material sheet (1). That is, in the block mat illustrated in FIG. 1, two inclined blocks (3) are arranged in the width direction of the base sheet (1) to form one step and the length direction of the base sheet (1). Two sets of stairs extending along the line are provided.

  The block mat of the present invention is a base sheet (after the concrete is poured into the formwork in which a large number of flat blocks (2) and inclined blocks (3) are formed in a predetermined arrangement and before the concrete is solidified. By covering 1) from the upper surface of the formwork, the base sheet (1) is impregnated with the concrete surface, and then the concrete is cured, and each flat block (2) and the inclined block (3) are formed as base materials. After being formed in a state of being attached to the sheet (1), it is manufactured by removing the mold by turning the mold frame upside down. More preferably, in the manufacturing method described above, when the base sheet (1) is covered from the upper surface of the mold, staples are driven from the back side (upper side) of the base sheet (1) to a portion corresponding to each block. .

  The formwork used for manufacturing the block mat includes a large number of block forming spaces partitioned in a lattice shape, and these block forming spaces are respectively a flat plate type block (2) and an inclined type block (3). It is formed in the same shape and the upper surface is opened in a substantially square shape. Moreover, each block forming space corresponding to each flat plate block (2) and inclined block (3) has an arrangement of flat block (2) and inclined block (3), for example, a flat block block shown in FIG. The flat block (2) and the inclined block (3) are arranged in a total of 240 so as to constitute (S2) and the inclined block row (S3). And the bottom part of each block molding space of a formwork is a site | part which forms the design surface of a flat plate type block (2) and an inclination type | mold block (3), for example, the uneven surface which transferred the natural stone, and a hollow (3c) ) Is formed on a concavo-convex surface provided with a projection corresponding to.

  Moreover, when manufacturing the block mat by which the herbicidal sheet | seat was stuck on the back surface, in said manufacturing method, the base material sheet (1) by which the herbicidal sheet | seat was stuck beforehand is used, and a nonwoven fabric contacts concrete. The base sheet (1) is covered from the upper surface of the mold so that it does. Further, the obtained block mat can be colored. The basic manufacturing method of the block mat is the same as the method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-53683.

  In manufacture of said block mat, the base material sheet (1) of an area larger than the arrangement area of a flat block (2) and an inclination type block (3) is used. Thereby, in the block mat, as shown in FIG. 1, when laying on the slope of the shore, the pinch allowance (12) for suspending and moving the block mat to a predetermined place, and the adjacent block mat A stacking allowance (11) for preventing misalignment by overlapping the blocks is provided around the block. The width of the overlap allowance (11) is usually about 250 to 350 mm, preferably about 300 mm, and the width of the pinch allowance (12) is usually about 450 to 550 mm, preferably about 500 mm.

  The block mat of the present invention is laid on a slope on the shore such as a river or a beach to be revetd in revetment work. In order to lay the block mat, for example, the clamping margin (12) provided at both end portions in the length direction of the base sheet (1) should be sandwiched between the clamping devices attached to the heavy machinery, and the block mat should be lifted for construction. Move to a predetermined location. As the above-mentioned clamping device, for example, a hook member made of a steel material or the like approximately the length of the base sheet (1) and horizontally suspended by a crane, and attached to both ends of the hook member and by a jack mechanism An apparatus composed of a pressure plate for gripping the sheet is used.

  The block mat is arranged along the gradient line in the length direction (vertical direction in FIG. 1) of the block mat with respect to the slope of the shore. And the width of the slope which performs revetment construction by overlapping the edge along the length opposite to the overlap allowance of the adjacent block mat to the overlap allowance (11) of the base sheet (1) Arrange multiple sheets according to the situation. Each block mat can be installed on the slope without being displaced by the frictional resistance of the base sheet (1), and the arc-shaped protruding corners of the flat block (2) and the inclined block (3) are opposed to each other. The anchor pin can be securely fixed by driving it into the gap between the blocks.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the block mat of the present invention has a sloped block row (S3) along the slope line of the slope and a portion of the sloped ground (4) laid on the slope. (3) It is laid so that one side of the thick side is positioned below. Thereby, the staircase function can be exhibited for each block mat in the constructed revetment. That is, in the block mat of the present invention, the inclined block (3) whose design surface is inclined constitutes the inclined block row (S3) in a direction parallel to one side in the length direction of the base sheet (1), And since each inclination type block (3) is arranged so that one side of the thick wall side is directed to one side of the block arrangement direction in the inclination type block row (S3), the arrangement is as described above. The inclined block row (S3) can be used as a staircase for each block mat. For example, when the block mat shown in FIG. 1 is used, two pairs of inclined block rows (S3) can be used as one set, and two sets of steps having a width corresponding to two of the inclined blocks (3) can be configured.

  In particular, in the block mat of the present invention, when a groove-like depression (3c) is provided on the design surface of each inclined block (3), the design surface can be more effectively slipped when the design surface is used as a tread surface. Therefore, the staircase function of the inclined block row (S3) can be further enhanced. As a result, according to the block mat of the present invention, it is possible to immediately climb when falling into the water, etc., so that safety on the shore can be further increased, and there is no need to construct a staircase separately, Construction costs for revetment work can be further reduced. In the embankment work, the use of the block mat of the present invention makes it possible to use the inclined block row (S3) as a staircase, as in the revetment work. The construction cost can be further reduced because there is no need to construct a separate construction.

It is a top view which shows the whole structure of the block mat which concerns on this invention. It is the top view and side view which show the external shape of 2 types of blocks used for a block mat. It is a side view showing the structure of an inclined block, and a sectional view showing the structure of a base sheet. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the inclined type block row | line | column in the block mat laid on the slope by breaking along a block arrangement direction.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1: Substrate sheet | seat 11: Stacking margin 12: Nipping allowance 2: Flat block 3: Inclined block 3c: Groove-shaped dent 4: Inclined ground D: Depth of dent R1: Radius of curvature of falling part of dent R2: Radius of curvature at the bottom of the recess R3: Radius of curvature at the falling portion of the recess t1: Height of one side on the thin side t2: Height of one side on the thick side θ: Inclination angle S2: Flat block block array S3: Inclination Type block sequence

Claims (3)

  A block mat laid on the slope in revetment work or embankment work. The block comprises two types: a flat plate block having a substantially constant thickness, and an inclined block whose design surface gradually inclines from one side toward another side parallel to the block, The inclined blocks are continuously arranged so as to form an inclined block row in a direction parallel to one side of the base sheet, and each inclined block has one side portion on the thick side thereof as the inclined type. A block mat arranged in one direction in a block arrangement direction in a block row.   2. The block mat according to claim 1, wherein each inclined block includes a groove-like depression extending in a direction perpendicular to the inclination direction of the design surface at the center of the design surface.   The block mat according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the base sheet is a sheet formed by inserting a polyethylene woven fabric into a polypropylene nonwoven fabric as a core material.

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