JP2007189321A

JP2007189321A - Redundant ip communication device and method

Info

Publication number: JP2007189321A
Application number: JP2006003747A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Kazuhiko Osada; 和彦長田; Yoji Ihara; 洋二井原
Original assignee: Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Current assignee: Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Priority date: 2006-01-11
Filing date: 2006-01-11
Publication date: 2007-07-26
Anticipated expiration: 2026-01-11
Also published as: JP4451396B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce setting burden of maintenance staff at the time of initial introduction of a system in a duplicated system switching system of an IP communication device for providing highly reliable IP communication in case of failure in the communication path or the device. <P>SOLUTION: An active system IP address 17 and a standby system IP address 18 are imparted, respectively, to the physical ports of the active system 2 and the standby system 3 of an IP communication device 1. When a physical line 8 connected with the active system 2 is disconnected or the active system 2 breaks down, a fact that the standby system 3 becomes a new transfer path is reported to a router 4 or 5 by routing protocol through the standby system 3. Even if switching is made from the active system 2 to the standby system 3 and an IP packet is delivered from the standby system 3 of the IP communication device 1, an internal IP address 21 is used as the address of an IP packet communicated with an opposite IP communication device 22. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、通信経路や装置の故障などに対して、高信頼なＩＰ通信を行うための系切替方式およびそれを搭載したシステムに関する。 The present invention relates to a system switching method for performing highly reliable IP communication with respect to a communication path or a device failure, and a system including the system switching method.

インターネットの普及を契機に、ＩＰ通信の利用が急激に増加している。ＩＰ通信の利用シーンは現在、ＷＷＷ（ＷｏｒｌｄＷｉｄｅＷｅｂ）のようなリアルタイム性を必要としない通信形態のみならず、ＶｏＩＰ（ＶｏｉｃｅｏｖｅｒＩＰ）のような高いリアルタイム性が求められる通信形態に至っている。 With the spread of the Internet, the use of IP communication is rapidly increasing. The use scene of IP communication is not only a communication form that does not require real-time characteristics such as WWW (World Wide Web) but also a communication form that requires high real-time characteristics such as VoIP (Voice over IP).

いずれの通信形態においても、高信頼な通信を実現するには、網や各種ＩＰ通信装置の冗長化を図る必要がある。冗長化の実現方法としては、図２に示すように、特にＩＰ通信のエンドポイントとなるＩＰ通信装置１００が現用系２００および予備系３００の２つ系を備え、現用系２００に故障が発生したときに即座に予備系３００に切り替える二重化系切替方式を採用するのが主流である。 In any communication mode, it is necessary to make the network and various IP communication devices redundant in order to realize highly reliable communication. As shown in FIG. 2, the IP communication device 100, which is an IP communication endpoint, has two systems, namely, the active system 200 and the standby system 300, and a failure has occurred in the active system 200. It is the mainstream to adopt a duplex system switching method that sometimes switches to the standby system 300 immediately.

ＶｏＩＰのようなリアルタイム性が求められる通信形態の場合、通信データの再送は意味をもたない動作となるため、現用系２００に不具合が生じた際の系切替は、通信を切断することなく、かつ、現用系２００から予備系３００への切り替えの際における瞬断時間を極力短くする工夫が必要である。 In the case of a communication mode that requires real-time characteristics such as VoIP, since retransmission of communication data has no meaning, system switching when a malfunction occurs in the active system 200 is performed without disconnecting communication. In addition, it is necessary to devise a technique for shortening the instantaneous interruption time as much as possible when switching from the active system 200 to the standby system 300.

通信を切断することなく瞬断時間を短くする従来技術として、例えば特許文献１がある。この特許文献１によれば、図２に示すように、ＩＰ通信装置１００において、現用系２００（特許文献１では運用系と記述されている。）から予備系３００（特許文献１では待機系と記述されている。）に切り替える際、現用系２００が収容する物理回線８の物理ポートに付与された現用系ＩＰアドレス１７を、予備系３００が収容する物理回線９の物理ポートが引継ぐ。これによって、ＩＰ通信装置１００と対向ＩＰ通信装置２２との間で、ＩＰ通信（例えばＶｏＩＰ通信）が行われているとき、ＩＰ通信装置１００が現用系２００から予備系３００に切り替わっても、ＩＰアドレスは替わらない。したがって、対向ＩＰ通信装置２２は、ＩＰ通信装置１００の同じＩＰアドレスを用いて通信を行うことができるため、ＩＰ通信装置１００との間で通信を維持することができる。 As a conventional technique for shortening the instantaneous interruption time without disconnecting communication, there is, for example, Patent Document 1. According to Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 2, in the IP communication apparatus 100, the active system 200 (described as the active system in Patent Document 1) to the standby system 300 (referred to as the standby system in Patent Document 1). When switching to), the physical port of the physical line 9 accommodated in the standby system 300 takes over the active IP address 17 assigned to the physical port of the physical line 8 accommodated in the active system 200. Thus, when IP communication (for example, VoIP communication) is being performed between the IP communication device 100 and the counter IP communication device 22, even if the IP communication device 100 is switched from the active system 200 to the standby system 300, the IP The address does not change. Therefore, since the opposite IP communication device 22 can perform communication using the same IP address of the IP communication device 100, communication with the IP communication device 100 can be maintained.

次に、瞬断時間を短くする他の従来技術について、以下に説明する。ＩＰ通信装置１００の物理回線８および９の物理ポートにそれぞれ付与されているレイヤ２のアドレスであるＭＡＣ（ＭｅｄｉａＣｏｎｔｒｏｌＡｃｃｅｓｓ）アドレスは、一般に異なっている。ルータ４または５とＩＰ通信装置１００とは、同一のセグメント２３として接続されており、ルータ４または５は、ＩＰ通信装置１００のＩＰアドレスとＭＡＣアドレスとの間の対応を管理し、ＭＡＣアドレスを用いてＩＰ通信装置１００へＩＰパケットを転送する。したがって、ＩＰ通信装置１００に系切り替えが起こると、現用系２００および予備系３００はＩＰアドレスが同じであってもＭＡＣアドレスが異なるため、ルータ４または５から送出されるＩＰパケットを、予備系３００へ正しく転送することができなくなる。これを回避するため、ＩＰ通信装置１００は、系切替を行う際ＧＡＲＰ（ＧｒａｔｕｉｔｏｕｓＡｄｄｒｅｓｓＲｅｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎＰｒｏｔｏｃｏｌ）を送出し、自分のＭＡＣアドレスが予備系３００のＭＡＣアドレスに変わったことをルータ４または５へ伝える。これにより、ルータ４または５は、ＩＰ通信装置１００のＩＰアドレスとＭＡＣアドレスとの間の対応を更新し、ＩＰ通信装置１００の予備系３００へ向けてＩＰパケットを転送することができる。したがって、瞬断時間は、ＩＰ通信装置１００とルータ４または５との間のＧＡＲＰ送受時間程度で済む。 Next, another conventional technique for shortening the instantaneous interruption time will be described below. Generally, MAC (Media Control Access) addresses, which are layer 2 addresses assigned to the physical ports of the physical lines 8 and 9 of the IP communication apparatus 100, are different. The router 4 or 5 and the IP communication device 100 are connected as the same segment 23, and the router 4 or 5 manages the correspondence between the IP address and the MAC address of the IP communication device 100, and sets the MAC address. The IP packet is transferred to the IP communication device 100 using the IP packet. Therefore, when system switching occurs in the IP communication apparatus 100, the active system 200 and the standby system 300 have different MAC addresses even if they have the same IP address. Therefore, the IP packet sent from the router 4 or 5 is transferred to the standby system 300. Cannot be transferred correctly. In order to avoid this, the IP communication apparatus 100 sends a GARP (Grafted Address Resolution Protocol) when system switching is performed, and notifies the router 4 or 5 that its own MAC address has changed to the MAC address of the standby system 300. . As a result, the router 4 or 5 can update the correspondence between the IP address and the MAC address of the IP communication apparatus 100 and transfer the IP packet toward the standby system 300 of the IP communication apparatus 100. Accordingly, the instantaneous interruption time is about the GARP transmission / reception time between the IP communication apparatus 100 and the router 4 or 5.

なお、瞬断時間を短くするもう１つの従来技術として、特許文献１に示されるように、系切り替えの際、現用系ＩＰアドレス１７と同時に、物理回線８の物理ポートに付与されるＭＡＣアドレスも予備系３００が引継ぐ方法もある。この方法では、ＧＡＲＰの送出が不要となり、瞬断時間をさらに短くすることも可能となる。しかし、実際のところ、前述の方法のＧＡＲＰ送受時間は、現用系２００から予備系３００へのＩＰアドレスの引継ぎ処理時間と同等であり、両方法の瞬断時間に大きな開きはない。 As another conventional technique for shortening the instantaneous interruption time, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, the MAC address assigned to the physical port of the physical line 8 at the same time as the working IP address 17 at the time of system switching is also available. There is also a method in which the standby system 300 takes over. In this method, it is not necessary to send GARP, and the instantaneous interruption time can be further shortened. However, in practice, the GARP transmission / reception time of the above-described method is equivalent to the IP address takeover processing time from the active system 200 to the standby system 300, and there is no significant difference in the instantaneous interruption time of both methods.

特開２００５−０５７４６１号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-057461

前記の従来技術では、ＩＰ通信装置１００とルータ４または５との間のＩＰパケットの転送（ルーティング）は、静的ルーティングであり、ＩＰ通信装置１００やルータ４または５のシステム導入時に、保守者がルーティング情報の設定を手動で行う必要がある。これは特に、ネットワークの規模が大きくなるに従って、保守者の設定負担を増やし、初期導入に費やす時間が長くなるという問題がある。 In the above prior art, the transfer (routing) of the IP packet between the IP communication apparatus 100 and the router 4 or 5 is static routing, and a maintenance person is installed when the system of the IP communication apparatus 100 or the router 4 or 5 is introduced. Need to set routing information manually. This is particularly problematic in that as the size of the network increases, the setting burden on the maintainer increases and the time spent for initial installation increases.

そこで、本発明は、通信経路や装置の故障などに対して、高信頼なＩＰ通信を提供するためのＩＰ通信装置の二重化系切替方式において、システムの初期導入時にて、保守者の設定負担の削減を可能とするものである。 Therefore, the present invention provides an IP communication device duplex system switching method for providing highly reliable IP communication against a communication path or a device failure. Reduction is possible.

本発明は、従来技術である動的ルーティングを実現するＯＳＰＦ（ＯｐｅｎＳｈｏｒｔｅｓｔＰａｔｈＦｉｒｓｔ）などのルーティングプロトコルを活用し、以下に説明する手段により、前記課題を解決する。図１を用いて、本発明の手段を説明する。なお、図１は、本発明の二重化方式を説明するためのシステム構成図であるが、本発明はこの構成に限定されるものではない。 The present invention uses a routing protocol such as OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) that realizes dynamic routing, which is a conventional technique, and solves the above problems by means described below. The means of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram for explaining the duplex system of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration.

通常、ルーティングプロトコルをサポートする装置はルータ４および５のみであるが、本手段では、ルータではないＩＰ通信装置１もルーティングプロトコルをサポートし、ＩＰ通信装置１とルータ４または５との間で、通常のルータ間のやりとりと同様に、互いの経路情報のやりとりを行う。このため、ＩＰ通信装置１の現用系２および予備系３の物理ポートのそれぞれに、異なる値の現用系ＩＰアドレス１７および予備系ＩＰアドレス１８を付与する（手段１）。これにより、ルータ４または５に対して、ＩＰ通信装置１が２つの物理ポートを有する隣接ルータであるように見せることができる。 Normally, the routers 4 and 5 are the only devices that support the routing protocol, but in this means, the IP communication device 1 that is not a router also supports the routing protocol, and between the IP communication device 1 and the router 4 or 5, As in the normal exchange between routers, the mutual route information is exchanged. Therefore, the working system IP address 17 and the protection system IP address 18 having different values are assigned to the physical ports of the working system 2 and the protection system 3 of the IP communication apparatus 1 (means 1). Thereby, it is possible to make the IP communication device 1 appear to the router 4 or 5 as an adjacent router having two physical ports.

また、通常のルーティングプロトコルには、経路の故障などの異常が発生したときに、それを検出したルータが、即座に接続対向のルータに新たな経路情報を伝える機能がある。本手段もそれを活用し、例えば、現用系２が繋がる物理回線８が切断したり、現用系２が故障した場合には、予備系３を通じて、予備系３が新たな転送経路になることをルータ４または５に伝える（手段２）。なお、切替時間は、ＩＰ通信装置１とルータ４または５との間の経路情報の送受時間程度で済み、従来技術と同等となる。 Further, the normal routing protocol has a function in which when a failure such as a route failure occurs, a router that detects the failure immediately transmits new route information to the router on the opposite side of the connection. This means also makes use of it. For example, when the physical line 8 connected to the active system 2 is disconnected or the active system 2 fails, the standby system 3 becomes a new transfer path through the standby system 3. Tell the router 4 or 5 (means 2). Note that the switching time is about the transmission / reception time of the route information between the IP communication apparatus 1 and the router 4 or 5, and is equivalent to the prior art.

一方、ＩＰ通信装置１と対向ＩＰ通信装置２２との間でＩＰ通信が行われているとき、ＩＰ通信装置１が現用系２から予備系３に切り替わってもＩＰ通信を維持するためには、前記のとおり、対向ＩＰ通信装置２２に対して、ＩＰ通信装置１の通信用のＩＰアドレスが同じに見えるようにしなければならない。しかし、本構成では、現用系２および予備系３の物理ポートに異なるＩＰアドレスを付与するため（手段１）、両系の物理ポートにおけるＩＰアドレスが異なる。このため、前記手段のみではＩＰ通信を維持することができない。 On the other hand, when IP communication is being performed between the IP communication device 1 and the counter IP communication device 22, in order to maintain the IP communication even when the IP communication device 1 is switched from the active system 2 to the standby system 3, As described above, the IP address for communication of the IP communication device 1 must be made to appear the same for the opposite IP communication device 22. However, in this configuration, since different IP addresses are assigned to the physical ports of the active system 2 and the standby system 3 (means 1), the IP addresses of the physical ports of both systems are different. For this reason, IP communication cannot be maintained only by the means.

そこで、本発明では、ＩＰ通信装置１と対向ＩＰ通信装置２２との間のＩＰ通信用に用いるＩＰ通信装置１のＩＰアドレスとして、内部ＩＰアドレス２１を導入する。現用系２から予備系３への系切り替えが起こり、ＩＰ通信装置１の予備系３からＩＰパケットが送出されるようになっても、この内部ＩＰアドレス２１を、対向ＩＰ通信装置２２との間で通信するＩＰパケットのアドレスとして用いる（手段３）。これによって、ＩＰ通信装置１と対向ＩＰ通信装置２２との間で、ＩＰ通信を維持することができる。 Therefore, in the present invention, the internal IP address 21 is introduced as the IP address of the IP communication device 1 used for IP communication between the IP communication device 1 and the counter IP communication device 22. Even if a system switch from the active system 2 to the standby system 3 occurs and an IP packet is transmitted from the standby system 3 of the IP communication apparatus 1, the internal IP address 21 is exchanged with the counter IP communication apparatus 22. (Addressing means 3). As a result, IP communication can be maintained between the IP communication device 1 and the counter IP communication device 22.

以上のように、本発明は、ＩＰ通信システム１における現用系２から予備系３への切替において、動的ルーティングを活用し、対向ルータに対し系切替を通知することと、系切替が起こっても対向ＩＰ通信装置２２との間でＩＰ通信を維持することとを両立させ、かつ、導入時の保守者の設定負担を削減するために、以下の手段が本発明の特徴になっている。 As described above, according to the present invention, in switching from the active system 2 to the standby system 3 in the IP communication system 1, the dynamic routing is used to notify the opposite router of the system switching, and the system switching occurs. In order to maintain both IP communication with the opposite IP communication device 22 and to reduce the setting burden on the maintenance person at the time of introduction, the following means are features of the present invention.

すなわち、本発明による冗長化ＩＰ通信装置は、現用系２および予備系３の物理ポートにそれぞれ別のＩＰアドレス１７および１８を付与し（手段１）、現用系２から予備系３への系切替が起きた際、予備系３が新たな転送経路になることをルータ４または５に伝える（手段２）とともに、新たに内部ＩＰアドレス２１を用い、系切り替えが起きても対向ＩＰ通信装置２２に対して同じＩＰアドレスであるように見せ（手段３）、対向ＩＰ通信装置２２との間でＩＰ通信を維持する。 That is, the redundant IP communication apparatus according to the present invention assigns different IP addresses 17 and 18 to the physical ports of the active system 2 and the standby system 3 (means 1), and switches the system from the active system 2 to the standby system 3. When this occurs, the router 4 or 5 is notified that the standby system 3 will be a new transfer path (means 2), and the internal IP address 21 is newly used, and even if a system switchover occurs, the counter IP communication device 22 is notified. On the other hand, it looks like the same IP address (means 3), and maintains IP communication with the opposite IP communication device 22.

以上、本発明を冗長化ＩＰ通信装置として説明したが、本発明には、前記冗長化ＩＰ通信装置が実質的に実現する冗長化ＩＰ通信方法も含まれる。 Although the present invention has been described as a redundant IP communication device, the present invention includes a redundant IP communication method that is substantially realized by the redundant IP communication device.

本発明は、冗長化ＩＰ通信装置における現用系から予備系への切り替えに対し、動的ルーティングを活用することを可能とするものである。すなわち、本発明によれば、動的ルーティングの利点である、導入時の保守者の設定負担を削減すること効果を奏する。これは特に、大規模ネットワーク環境下で運用する場合に効果を発揮する。 The present invention makes it possible to utilize dynamic routing for switching from an active system to a standby system in a redundant IP communication apparatus. That is, according to the present invention, there is an effect of reducing a setting burden of a maintenance person at the time of introduction, which is an advantage of dynamic routing. This is particularly effective when operating in a large-scale network environment.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を用いて詳細に説明する。
〔実施例〕
図１は、本発明の二重化方式を説明するためのシステム構成図である。図１は、冗長化を実現するＩＰ通信装置の実施例を示している。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
〔Example〕
FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram for explaining a duplex system of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an IP communication apparatus that realizes redundancy.

このシステムは、ＩＰ通信装置１、スイッチ６，７、ルータ４，５、ＩＰ中継網１６、および対向ＩＰ通信装置２２により構成され、ＩＰ中継網１６を経由してＩＰ通信装置１と対向ＩＰ通信装置２２との間でＩＰ通信、すなわち、ＩＰパケットのやりとりを行うものとする。ＩＰ通信装置１は、冗長化構成を有しており、現用系２および予備系３の２つの系を備えている。ＩＰ通信装置１は、通常、現用系２を用いて動作しており、対向ＩＰ通信装置２２との間で、現用系２に有した内部ＩＰアドレス２１を用いてＩＰ通信を行う。現用系２が繋がる物理回線８が切断したり、現用系２が故障したりなど、運用系２に不具合が生じた場合、ＩＰ通信装置１の図示しない制御手段は、対向ＩＰ通信装置２２との間のＩＰ通信の動作を行う系を、現用系２から予備系３へ即座に切り替え、以後、予備系３を通じて、対向ＩＰ通信装置２２との間で、同一の内部ＩＰアドレス２１を用いてＩＰ通信を行う。この切り替えの際に、予備系３は、内部ＩＰアドレス２１を現用系２または制御手段から入力するなどして、当該アドレスを引き継ぐ。 This system includes an IP communication device 1, switches 6 and 7, routers 4 and 5, an IP relay network 16, and a counter IP communication device 22, and the IP communication device 1 and the counter IP communication via the IP relay network 16. Assume that IP communication with the apparatus 22, that is, exchange of IP packets. The IP communication apparatus 1 has a redundant configuration and includes two systems, an active system 2 and a standby system 3. The IP communication apparatus 1 normally operates using the active system 2 and performs IP communication with the opposing IP communication apparatus 22 using the internal IP address 21 provided in the active system 2. When a failure occurs in the operation system 2 such as a disconnection of the physical line 8 connected to the active system 2 or a failure of the active system 2, the control unit (not shown) of the IP communication apparatus 1 communicates with the opposing IP communication apparatus 22. The system that performs the IP communication operation between the active system 2 and the standby system 3 is immediately switched. Thereafter, the IP address is transmitted to the opposite IP communication device 22 through the standby system 3 using the same internal IP address 21. Communicate. At the time of this switching, the standby system 3 takes over the address, for example, by inputting the internal IP address 21 from the active system 2 or the control means.

スイッチ６，７およびルータ４，５も、それぞれ２台により、ＩＰ通信装置１とＩＰ中継網１６との間で冗長的にネットワークを構成する。ＩＰ通信装置１の現用系２およびスイッチ６は物理回線８により、ＩＰ通信装置１の予備系３およびスイッチ７は物理回線９によりそれぞれ接続される。また、スイッチ６および７は物理回線１４により、スイッチ６およびルータ４は物理回線１０により、スイッチ７およびルータ５は物理回線１１により、ルータ４およびＩＰ中継網１６は物理回線１２により、ルータ５およびＩＰ中継網１６は物理回線１３により、ルータ４および５は物理回線１５によりそれぞれ接続される。 Two switches 6 and 7 and two routers 4 and 5 each form a redundant network between the IP communication apparatus 1 and the IP relay network 16. The active system 2 and the switch 6 of the IP communication apparatus 1 are connected by a physical line 8, and the standby system 3 and the switch 7 of the IP communication apparatus 1 are connected by a physical line 9, respectively. The switches 6 and 7 are provided by the physical line 14, the switch 6 and the router 4 are provided by the physical line 10, the switch 7 and the router 5 are provided by the physical line 11, the router 4 and the IP relay network 16 are provided by the physical line 12, and the router 5 and The IP relay network 16 is connected by a physical line 13 and the routers 4 and 5 are connected by a physical line 15.

なお、ルータおよびスイッチの台数は、図１に示した実施例のようにそれぞれ２台である必要はなく、３台以上でもよいし、１台でもよい。これらの台数は、冗長性の度合いと装置コストのバランスにより決められる。 Note that the number of routers and switches need not be two as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, but may be three or more or one. These numbers are determined by the balance between the degree of redundancy and the device cost.

ＩＰ通信装置１の図示しない制御手段は、現用系２および予備系３の物理ポートのそれぞれに、異なる値の現用系ＩＰアドレス１７および予備系ＩＰアドレス１８を付与する。これにより、ルータ４および５に対して、ＩＰ通信装置１を２つの物理ポートを有するそれぞれの隣接ルータのように見せることができる。 Control means (not shown) of the IP communication apparatus 1 assigns different values of the active IP address 17 and the standby IP address 18 to the physical ports of the active system 2 and the standby system 3, respectively. As a result, the IP communication device 1 can appear to the routers 4 and 5 as respective neighboring routers having two physical ports.

ＩＰ通信装置１、ルータ４および５は、ルーティングプロトコルをサポートしており、現用系２、予備系３、ルータ４および５との間で、通常のルータ間のやりとりと同様に、互いの経路情報の送受信を行う。経路の故障などによる不具合が発生したときは、それを検出した現用系２、予備系３、ルータ４または５が、接続対向に対して、新たな経路情報を伝える。例えば、ＩＰ通信装置の図示しない制御手段は、現用系２が繋がる物理回線８の切断や現用系２の故障など、現用系２の不具合を検出した場合、予備系３を通じて、予備系３が新たな転送経路になることをルータ４および５へ伝える。これにより、例えば、ＩＰ通信装置１と対向ＩＰ通信装置２２との間のＩＰ通信経路が、現用系２→物理回線８→スイッチ６→物理回線１０→ルータ４→物理回線１２→ＩＰ中継網１６→対向ＩＰ通信装置２２のときに、現用系２が故障した場合、新たなＩＰ通信経路は、予備系３→物理回線９→スイッチ７→物理回線１４→スイッチ６→物理回線１０→ルータ４→物理回線１２→ＩＰ中継網１６→対向ＩＰ通信装置２２となる。 The IP communication device 1 and the routers 4 and 5 support the routing protocol, and each other's path information between the active system 2, the standby system 3 and the routers 4 and 5, as in the case of normal communication between routers. Send and receive. When a failure due to a route failure or the like occurs, the active system 2, the standby system 3, the router 4 or 5 that detects the failure transmits new route information to the connection partner. For example, when a control unit (not shown) of the IP communication apparatus detects a failure of the active system 2 such as disconnection of the physical line 8 connected to the active system 2 or a failure of the active system 2, the standby system 3 is newly established through the standby system 3. The routers 4 and 5 are notified that the transfer route becomes a proper transfer path. Thereby, for example, the IP communication path between the IP communication device 1 and the counter IP communication device 22 is the active system 2 → the physical line 8 → the switch 6 → the physical line 10 → the router 4 → the physical line 12 → the IP relay network 16. → If the active system 2 fails in the case of the opposite IP communication device 22, the new IP communication path is the protection system 3 → the physical line 9 → the switch 7 → the physical line 14 → the switch 6 → the physical line 10 → the router 4 → Physical line 12 → IP relay network 16 → opposed IP communication device 22

ＩＰ通信装置１は、対向ＩＰ通信装置２２との間のＩＰ通信用に用いるＩＰアドレスとして、内部ＩＰアドレス２１を有する。内部ＩＰアドレス２１は、前記のような系切り替えが起こり、ＩＰ通信装置１の予備系３からパケットを送出するようになった場合にも、対向ＩＰ通信装置２２との間で通信するためのＩＰパケットに付与するＩＰアドレスとして使用する。これによって、系切り替えが起きても、ＩＰ通信装置１は対向ＩＰ通信装置２２との間のＩＰ通信を維持することができる。 The IP communication device 1 has an internal IP address 21 as an IP address used for IP communication with the opposite IP communication device 22. The internal IP address 21 is an IP for communicating with the opposing IP communication device 22 even when the above-described system switching occurs and a packet is transmitted from the standby system 3 of the IP communication device 1. Used as an IP address to be given to the packet. As a result, the IP communication apparatus 1 can maintain IP communication with the opposing IP communication apparatus 22 even when system switching occurs.

図３は、図１に示したＩＰ通信装置１による系切替処理を示すフローチャート図である。図１に示したシステム構成において、ＩＰ通信装置１の図示しない制御手段は、現用系２および予備系３の物理ポートのそれぞれに、異なる値の現用系ＩＰアドレス１７および予備系ＩＰアドレス１８を付与する（ステップＳ１）。そして、ＩＰ通信装置１の現用系２および予備系３は、ルーティングプロトコルにより、ルータ４および５との間で、通常のルータ間のやりとりと同様に、互いの経路情報の送受信を行う（ステップＳ２）。 FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing system switching processing by the IP communication apparatus 1 shown in FIG. In the system configuration shown in FIG. 1, the control means (not shown) of the IP communication apparatus 1 assigns different values of the working IP address 17 and the standby IP address 18 to the physical ports of the working system 2 and the standby system 3, respectively. (Step S1). Then, the active system 2 and the standby system 3 of the IP communication apparatus 1 transmit / receive the path information to / from the routers 4 and 5 in the same manner as the normal communication between the routers by the routing protocol (step S2). ).

ＩＰ通信装置１の現用系２は、内部ＩＰアドレスを用いて、対向ＩＰ通信装置２２との間でＩＰパケットの通信を行う（ステップＳ３）。また、現用系２が繋がる物理回線８の切断や現用系２の故障など、現用系２に不具合が発生すると（ステップＳ４）、ルーティングプロトコルにより、予備系３を通じて、予備系３が新たな転送経路になることをルータ４および５へ伝える（ステップＳ５）。そして、ＩＰ通信装置１の予備系３は、前記同一の内部ＩＰアドレスを用いて、対向ＩＰ通信装置２２との間でＩＰパケットの通信を行う（ステップＳ６）。 The active system 2 of the IP communication device 1 performs IP packet communication with the opposing IP communication device 22 using the internal IP address (step S3). Further, when a failure occurs in the active system 2 such as disconnection of the physical line 8 to which the active system 2 is connected or a failure of the active system 2 (step S4), the standby system 3 is connected to the new transfer path through the standby system 3 by the routing protocol. To the routers 4 and 5 (step S5). Then, the protection system 3 of the IP communication device 1 performs IP packet communication with the opposite IP communication device 22 using the same internal IP address (step S6).

〔応用例１〕
次に、図１に示した実施例における応用的な使い方について説明する。
図４は、ＩＰ通信装置が電話加入者を収容する例である。このＩＰ通信装置１−１は、電話加入者２４〜２６を収容して成り、その他の構成は図１に示したものと同様である。電話加入者２４〜２６がそれぞれ電話通信をする場合、ＩＰ通信装置１−１の現用系２が、ＩＰパケット化（ＶｏＩＰ通信）を行い、対向通信相手との間で電話通信を行う。前記のような系切り替えが起きた場合、予備系３は、図示しない制御手段からの指令により、電話加入者２４〜２６の各電話通信のＩＰパケット化処理および内部ＩＰアドレス２１を引き継ぐ。これにより、結果として、前記のようにＩＰ通信を維持することができる。 [Application Example 1]
Next, application usage in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be described.
FIG. 4 is an example in which the IP communication apparatus accommodates telephone subscribers. The IP communication device 1-1 accommodates telephone subscribers 24 to 26, and the other configuration is the same as that shown in FIG. When the telephone subscribers 24 to 26 perform telephone communication, the active system 2 of the IP communication device 1-1 performs IP packetization (VoIP communication) and performs telephone communication with the opposite communication partner. When the system switching as described above occurs, the standby system 3 takes over the IP packetization processing and the internal IP address 21 of each telephone communication of the telephone subscribers 24 to 26 according to a command from a control means (not shown). As a result, IP communication can be maintained as described above.

〔応用例２〕
図５は、ＩＰ通信装置が複数の現用系を有する例である。このＩＰ通信装置１−２は、複数の現用系２，２７および単数の予備系３を備えており、現用系２はＩＰ内部アドレス２１を、現用系２７は内部ＩＰアドレス２８をそれぞれ有している。また、現用系２７は電話加入者２４，２５を収容し、現用系２は電話加入者２６を収容し、電話加入者２４〜２６は電話通信を行うものとする。電話加入者２４，２６がそれぞれ電話通信を行う場合は、現用系２７がＩＰパケット化を行い、電話加入者２６が電話通信を行う場合は現用系２がＩＰパケット化を行い、各電話加入者２４〜２６は対向通信相手との間でそれぞれ電話通信を行う。その他の構成は図４に示したものと同様である。 [Application 2]
FIG. 5 shows an example in which the IP communication apparatus has a plurality of active systems. The IP communication apparatus 1-2 includes a plurality of active systems 2 and 27 and a single standby system 3. The active system 2 has an IP internal address 21, and the active system 27 has an internal IP address 28. Yes. The active system 27 accommodates telephone subscribers 24 and 25, the active system 2 accommodates telephone subscribers 26, and the telephone subscribers 24 to 26 perform telephone communications. When the telephone subscribers 24 and 26 perform telephone communication, the active system 27 performs IP packetization. When the telephone subscriber 26 performs telephone communication, the active system 2 performs IP packetization, and each telephone subscriber 24 to 26 perform telephone communication with the opposite communication partner. Other configurations are the same as those shown in FIG.

例えば、現用系２が繋がる物理回線８が切断したり、現用系２が故障したりなど、現用系２に不具合が生じた場合、予備系３は、図示しない制御手段からの指令により、現用系２に収容される電話加入者２６のＩＰパケット化処理および内部ＩＰアドレス２１を引き継ぐ。これにより、結果として、前記のようにＩＰ通信を維持することができる。なお、物理回線８の切断や現用系２の故障などに影響のない現用系２７は、そのまま継続してＩＰパケット化処理を行う。 For example, when a failure occurs in the active system 2 such as a disconnection of the physical line 8 connected to the active system 2 or a failure of the active system 2, the standby system 3 receives the command from the control means (not shown). 2 takes over the IP packetization processing and the internal IP address 21 of the telephone subscriber 26 accommodated in the telephone 2. As a result, IP communication can be maintained as described above. Note that the active system 27 that does not affect the disconnection of the physical line 8 or the failure of the active system 2 continues IP packetization processing as it is.

以上のように、本発明の実施例によれば、ＩＰ通信装置１の現用系２および予備系３の物理ポートのそれぞれに、異なる値の現用系ＩＰアドレス１７および予備系ＩＰアドレス１８を付与し、現用系２が繋がる物理回線８の切断などが発生した場合には、ルーティングプロトコルにより、予備系３を通じて、予備系３が新たな転送経路になることをルータ４または５へ伝え、そして、予備系３からＩＰパケットの送出されるようになっても、現用系２が用いていた同一の内部ＩＰアドレス２１を用いて対向ＩＰ通信装置２２との間で通信を行うようにした。これにより、ＩＰ通信装置１，１−１，１−２、ルータ４，５との間のＩＰパケットの転送は、静的ルーティングではなく動的ルーティングにより実現することができる。一般に、静的ルーティングの場合は、システム導入時に保守者が、静的ルーティングを実現するための複雑な情報を手動により設定する必要がある。これに対し、本発明のような動的ルーティングの場合は、静的ルーティングのような複雑な情報の設定は必要ない。したがって、本発明によれば、システム導入時において、保守者は、ルーティング情報の設定負担を削減することができる。 As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the active IP address 17 and the standby IP address 18 having different values are assigned to the physical ports of the active system 2 and the standby system 3 of the IP communication apparatus 1, respectively. When the physical line 8 connected to the active system 2 is disconnected, the standby system 3 is notified to the router 4 or 5 through the standby system 3 by the routing protocol, and the standby system 3 Even when an IP packet is transmitted from the system 3, communication is performed with the opposite IP communication device 22 using the same internal IP address 21 used by the active system 2. Thereby, the transfer of the IP packet between the IP communication devices 1, 1-1, 1-2 and the routers 4, 5 can be realized not by static routing but by dynamic routing. In general, in the case of static routing, it is necessary for a maintenance person to manually set complicated information for realizing static routing at the time of system introduction. On the other hand, in the case of dynamic routing as in the present invention, it is not necessary to set complicated information as in static routing. Therefore, according to the present invention, the maintenance person can reduce the setting burden of the routing information when the system is introduced.

インターネットおよびブローバンド通信を核とした情報通信産業は拡大の一途にあるが、その流れの一つとしてＶｏＩＰ技術の普及がある。今後は、ＶｏＩＰ技術を用いた網が既存電話網に置き換わる形態が主流になるものと考えられる。そのため、ＶｏＩＰ通信に対し、通信経路や装置の故障などに対して高信頼性が求められるのは必至となる。また、網の規模が大きいことが想定されることから、初期導入時の設定負担を削減できる本発明の産業上の利用可能性は高い。 The information and telecommunications industry centering on the Internet and broadband communication is expanding, and one of the trends is the spread of VoIP technology. In the future, it is considered that a network in which a network using the VoIP technology is replaced with an existing telephone network will be mainstream. Therefore, for VoIP communication, it is inevitable that high reliability is required for communication paths, device failures, and the like. In addition, since it is assumed that the scale of the network is large, the industrial applicability of the present invention that can reduce the setting burden at the time of initial introduction is high.

本発明の二重化方式を説明するためのシステム構成図である。It is a system configuration diagram for explaining a duplex system of the present invention. 従来の二重化方式を説明するためのシステム構成図である。It is a system block diagram for demonstrating the conventional duplex system. 図１のＩＰ通信装置による系切替処理を示すフローチャート図である。It is a flowchart figure which shows the system switching process by the IP communication apparatus of FIG. ＩＰ通信装置が電話加入者を収容する場合のシステム構成図である。It is a system block diagram in case an IP communication apparatus accommodates a telephone subscriber. ＩＰ通信装置が複数の現用系を有する場合のシステム構成図である。It is a system block diagram in case an IP communication apparatus has a plurality of working systems.

Explanation of symbols

１、１−１、１−２、１００ＩＰ通信装置
２、２７、２００現用系
３、３００予備系
４、５ルータ
６、７、２９スイッチ
８、９、１０、１１、１２、１３、１４、１５、３０、３２物理回線
１６ＩＰ中継網
１７、３１現用系ＩＰアドレス
１８予備系ＩＰアドレス
１９、２０ルータＩＰアドレス
２１、２８内部ＩＰアドレス
２２対向ＩＰ通信装置
２３セグメント
２４、２５、２６電話加入者 1, 1-1, 1-2, 100 IP communication device 2, 27, 200 Active system 3, 300 Standby system 4, 5 Router 6, 7, 29 Switch 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 30, 32 Physical line 16 IP relay network 17, 31 Active IP address 18 Backup IP address 19, 20 Router IP address 21, 28 Internal IP address 22 Opposite IP communication device 23 Segment 24, 25, 26 Telephone subscriber

Claims

An IP communication device comprising two systems, an active system and a standby system, which switches from the active system to the standby system when a malfunction occurs in the active system,
Means for assigning different values of a working IP address and a protection IP address to each of the working and protection physical lines;
Means for transmitting and receiving route information using the working IP address and the standby IP address to and from a connected opposite router;
A means for switching from the active system to the standby system when a problem occurs in the active system, and transmitting route information indicating that the standby system becomes a new transfer path to the opposite router through the standby system;
An internal IP address is used as an IP address when communicating between the active system and the counter IP communication apparatus, and the same system IP address is used as the standby system after switching from the active system to the standby system. A redundant IP communication apparatus, comprising: means for performing communication with a counter IP communication apparatus.

An IP communication apparatus comprising a plurality of active systems and a single standby system and switching to a standby system when a malfunction occurs in the active system,
Means for assigning a working IP address and a protection IP address having different values to each of the plurality of working and single protection physical lines;
Means for transmitting and receiving route information using the working IP address and the standby IP address to and from a connected opposite router;
When a failure occurs in any one of the plurality of working systems, the working system is switched from the working system to the standby system, and the spare system is replaced with the new transfer path instead of the working system through the spare system. Means for transmitting the route information indicating that to the opposite router;
An internal IP address is used as an IP address when communicating between the active system and the counter IP communication apparatus, and the same system IP address is used as the standby system after switching from the active system to the standby system. A redundant IP communication apparatus, comprising: means for performing communication with a counter IP communication apparatus.

An IP communication method for switching from an active system to a standby system when a problem occurs in the active system by using an IP communication apparatus having two systems, an active system and a standby system,
A working IP address and a protection IP address having different values are assigned to each of the working and protection physical lines,
Send and receive route information using the working IP address and the standby IP address to and from the connected opposite router,
Communicate between the active system and the opposite IP communication device using the preset internal IP address,
When a problem occurs in the active system, switch from the active system to the standby system,
At the time of the switching, the path information indicating that the standby system becomes a new transfer path is transmitted to the opposite router through the standby system,
A redundant IP communication method, wherein communication is performed between a backup system and a counter IP communication device using the same internal IP address.

An IP communication method for switching from an active system to a standby system when a malfunction occurs in the active system by using an IP communication device having a plurality of active systems and a single standby system,
Giving each of the plurality of active and single standby physical lines a different value of the active IP address and the standby IP address,
Send and receive route information using the working IP address and the standby IP address to and from the connected opposite router,
Communicate between the active system and the opposite IP communication device using the preset internal IP address,
When a failure occurs in any of the plurality of active systems, the active system is switched to the standby system,
At the time of the switching, route information indicating that the standby system becomes a new transfer path on behalf of the active system is transmitted to the opposite router through the standby system,
A redundant IP communication method, wherein communication is performed between a backup system and a counter IP communication device using the same internal IP address.