JP2007186392A - Method of molding thermoplastic base material - Google Patents
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本発明は、ガラス・プラスチックなどの熱可塑性素材の機能面予定面に、成形型に形成された機能面成形面を接触させ、押圧成形して成形品を得る熱可塑性素材の成形方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a thermoplastic material molding method for obtaining a molded product by bringing a functional surface molding surface formed in a molding die into contact with a functional surface planned surface of a thermoplastic material such as glass or plastic.
従来、熱可塑性素材を加熱軟化して成形型で押圧成形する方法として、例えば特許文献１の技術が公知である。この従来技術によれば、上下一対の成形型が収納されている成形室の外部に加熱装置が設けられている。そして、成形室の外部において、ホルダーに熱可塑性素材を載置し、このホルダーを搬送アームの先端に保持して加熱装置内に搬入し、この加熱装置内で熱可塑性素材を加熱軟化する。その後、別途温調された上下一対の成形型間に熱可塑性素材を挟持し、押圧成形を行っていた。 Conventionally, for example, the technique of Patent Document 1 is known as a method of heat-softening a thermoplastic material and press-molding it with a mold. According to this prior art, the heating device is provided outside the molding chamber in which a pair of upper and lower molds are housed. Then, outside the molding chamber, a thermoplastic material is placed on the holder, the holder is held at the tip of the transfer arm, and is carried into the heating device, and the thermoplastic material is heated and softened in the heating device. Thereafter, a thermoplastic material was sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower molds that were separately temperature-controlled, and press molding was performed.
しかし、この方法では、熱可塑性素材の加熱を完了した後に該素材を加熱装置から外に出して、上下一対の成形型のある成形室内に搬入する必要がある。このため、熱可塑性素材が加熱装置から外に出た時点では外気に触れ、また、成形室内ではパージガスに直にさらされる。このため、熱可塑性素材を上下一対の成形型で挟持成形する前に、該熱可塑性素材の温度が冷えて低下する。特に、熱可塑性素材の外周面は内部よりも温度が低くなるため、成形時に成形素材の表面にヒビが入るおそれがあった。 However, in this method, after the heating of the thermoplastic material is completed, the material needs to be taken out of the heating device and carried into a molding chamber having a pair of upper and lower molds. For this reason, when the thermoplastic material comes out of the heating device, it is exposed to the outside air and is directly exposed to the purge gas in the molding chamber. For this reason, before sandwiching and molding the thermoplastic material with a pair of upper and lower molds, the temperature of the thermoplastic material cools and decreases. In particular, since the temperature of the outer peripheral surface of the thermoplastic material is lower than that of the inside, there is a risk that cracks may enter the surface of the molding material during molding.
これを回避するために、熱可塑性素材の温度低下分を見込んで加熱すると、加熱温度が高くなったり、加熱時間が長くなり、或いは、熱可塑性素材が溶融して落下したり、熱可塑性素材が過加熱により変質する等の不具合があった。 In order to avoid this, if heating is performed in anticipation of the temperature drop of the thermoplastic material, the heating temperature becomes higher, the heating time becomes longer, or the thermoplastic material melts and falls, or the thermoplastic material There were problems such as deterioration due to overheating.
これに対し、例えば特許文献２には、一対の成形型とこれを挿嵌するスリーブを有する型セットは、各工程毎に温度設定されたプレートで挟持温調され、これら各プレートの間を、成形素材を含んだ型セットが移動して成形が進められる旨が開示されている。すなわち、この従来技術では、成形サイクルの各段階を、加熱工程および設定温度の異なる複数の加圧工程で構成し、成形素材を含んだ型セットを、各工程間をすばやく移動させることで、加熱、成形、冷却の一連の成形工程を短時間で完結可能としたものである。 On the other hand, for example, in Patent Document 2, a mold set having a pair of molds and a sleeve into which the mold is inserted is temperature-controlled between plates set for each step, and between these plates, It is disclosed that a mold set including a molding material moves and molding proceeds. That is, in this prior art, each stage of the molding cycle is composed of a heating process and a plurality of pressurizing processes having different set temperatures, and a mold set including a molding material is quickly moved between the processes, thereby heating the mold. The series of molding and cooling molding processes can be completed in a short time.
更に、上記特許文献２を含む近年の従来技術として、一対の成形型とこれを挿嵌するスリーブを有する型セットの内部に熱可塑性素材を配置し、型セットと熱可塑性素材をまとめて加熱することで、熱可塑性素材を加熱軟化したのち該熱可塑性素材が外気やパージガスに直接触れずに押圧成形する成形方法が採用されるようになった。 Furthermore, as a recent prior art including the above-mentioned Patent Document 2, a thermoplastic material is disposed inside a mold set having a pair of molds and a sleeve into which the mold is inserted, and the mold set and the thermoplastic material are heated together. As a result, a molding method has been adopted in which after the thermoplastic material is heated and softened, the thermoplastic material is pressure-molded without directly touching the outside air or purge gas.
この方法によれば、加熱軟化された熱可塑性素材は、これと同時に加熱された型セット内に包囲されているので、熱可塑性素材が外気やパージガスにさらされることはなく、加熱後の熱可塑性素材が冷却されるのを緩和することができる。そのため、加熱温度を高くする必要もなく、熱可塑性素材の溶融による落下や変質も防止することができる。
しかしながら、前述した特許文献２や他の従来技術では、上下一対の成形型の対向面間には、熱可塑性素材が加熱工程の最初から接触状態で配置されている。このため、熱可塑性素材によっては、加熱時に型から熱を受ける接触部(受熱部)において成分が熱により分解等し、曇り・発泡・失透・結晶化・揮発などの変質が発生し、その透明度や元来の色が失われるという不具合が発生していた（例えば、ガラス素材OHARA製 S-LAH58、S-LAH53、ショット製 ＳＦ１１等）。 However, in the above-described Patent Document 2 and other conventional techniques, a thermoplastic material is disposed in contact between the opposed surfaces of the pair of upper and lower molds from the beginning of the heating process. For this reason, depending on the thermoplastic material, components are decomposed by heat at the contact portion (heat receiving portion) that receives heat from the mold during heating, and alteration such as cloudiness, foaming, devitrification, crystallization, and volatilization occurs. There was a problem that the transparency and the original color were lost (for example, glass materials OHARA S-LAH58, S-LAH53, Shot SF11, etc.).
例えば、図３に示すように、ボール状に研磨した成形素材１３０（OHARA製の硝材S-LAH58）を、落下防止枠１２１を備えた下型１２０上に載置し、酸素濃度10ppm以下のＮ2パージガス環境で下型１２０を870℃に加熱し、300秒間放置する。すると、図４（ａ）（ｂ）に示すように、成形素材１３０の下型１２０との接触面１５０（図３参照）には白濁１３１が発生し、この白濁１３１の部分を拡大観察すると（×１５００）、ガラス成分が熱により分解した泡であることが確認できる（図４（ｃ）参照）。 For example, as shown in FIG. 3, a molding material 130 (glass material S-LAH58 made of OHARA) polished in a ball shape is placed on a lower mold 120 provided with a fall prevention frame 121, and an N concentration with an oxygen concentration of 10 ppm or less. 2 Lower mold 120 is heated to 870 ° C. in a purge gas environment and left for 300 seconds. Then, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, white turbidity 131 is generated on the contact surface 150 (see FIG. 3) with the lower mold 120 of the molding material 130. × 1500), it can be confirmed that the glass component is a foam decomposed by heat (see FIG. 4C).
これに対し、図５（ａ）〜（ｃ）に示すように、下型１２０を加熱したのち、成形素材１３０よりも低い温度640℃に設定した上型１１０で成形素材１３０を押圧成形し、冷却硬化させる。すると、成形品１４０の下型１２０との接触面である下面１４１には、加熱時の変質（泡）が残った。しかし、成形品１４０の上型１１０との接触面である上面１４２には、変質のない面が得られることが確認された。 On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C, after heating the lower mold 120, the molding material 130 is press-molded with the upper mold 110 set at a temperature 640 ° C. lower than the molding material 130, Cool and cure. Then, alteration (bubbles) at the time of heating remained on the lower surface 141 which is a contact surface with the lower mold 120 of the molded product 140. However, it was confirmed that an unmodified surface can be obtained on the upper surface 142 which is a contact surface with the upper mold 110 of the molded product 140.
これは、成形品１４０の下面１４１に残った変質は、加熱時に下型１２０の温度が成形素材１３０よりも高かったため、該成形素材１３０が下型１２０からの受熱作用を受けて（矢印参照）、下型１２０と接触していた成形素材１３０の接触面が変質（発泡）して白濁したものと考えられる。 This is because the deterioration remaining on the lower surface 141 of the molded product 140 is that the temperature of the lower mold 120 is higher than that of the molding material 130 during heating, so that the molding material 130 receives a heat receiving action from the lower mold 120 (see arrow). The contact surface of the molding material 130 that has been in contact with the lower mold 120 is considered to be altered (foamed) and become cloudy.
これに対し、成形品１４０の上面１４２については、成形時に上型１１０の温度が成形素材１３０よりも低かったため、該成形素材１３０が上型１１０からの奪熱作用となったため（矢印参照）、上型１１０と接触していた成形素材１３０の接触面には変質（発泡）の発生がなかったものと思われる。 On the other hand, for the upper surface 142 of the molded product 140, since the temperature of the upper mold 110 was lower than that of the molding material 130 at the time of molding, the molding material 130 acted as a heat sink from the upper mold 110 (see arrows). It is considered that the contact surface of the molding material 130 that was in contact with the upper mold 110 did not have any alteration (foaming).
以上により、加熱時に下型１２０の温度が成形素材１３０よりも高いと、該成形素材１３０には、曇り・発泡・失透・結晶化・揮発などの変質が発生し、その透明度や元来の色が失われることが推定される。 As described above, when the temperature of the lower mold 120 is higher than that of the molding material 130 during heating, the molding material 130 undergoes alteration such as fogging, foaming, devitrification, crystallization, and volatilization. It is estimated that color is lost.
本発明は、かかる課題を解決するためになされたもので、その目的とするところは、熱可塑性素材の機能面予定面に発生する曇りや発泡等の変質を防止し、熱可塑性素材のもつ透明度や元来の色が失われないようにした熱可塑性素材の成形方法を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem, and the object thereof is to prevent alteration such as fogging and foaming generated on the functional surface of the thermoplastic material and to prevent the transparency of the thermoplastic material. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for molding a thermoplastic material so that the original color is not lost.
前記目的を達成するため、請求項１に係る発明は、対向配置された一対の成形型とこれらを挿嵌するスリーブとを有する型セットの内部に、熱可塑性素材を配置し、前記型セットと前記熱可塑性素材をまとめて加熱することで該熱可塑性素材を加熱軟化した後、押圧成形する熱可塑性素材の成形方法において、
前記熱可塑性素材の機能面予定面と、前記一対の成形型の対向面側に夫々形成された機能面成形面とが非接触の状態で、前記熱可塑性素材を前記機能面予定面以外の部位にて支持し、該支持部位から前記熱可塑性素材への伝熱加熱により、該熱可塑性素材を変形可能な温度に加熱軟化することを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is directed to disposing a thermoplastic material inside a mold set having a pair of molding dies arranged opposite to each other and a sleeve into which the molds are inserted, In the molding method of the thermoplastic material to be press-molded after heating and softening the thermoplastic material by collectively heating the thermoplastic material,
A portion other than the functional surface planned surface in a state where the functional surface planned surface of the thermoplastic material and the functional surface molded surface formed on the opposing surface sides of the pair of molds are not in contact with each other. The thermoplastic material is heated and softened to a temperature at which the thermoplastic material can be deformed by heat transfer heating from the support site to the thermoplastic material.
請求項２に係る発明は、請求項１に記載の熱可塑性素材の成形方法において、
前記熱可塑性素材を加熱軟化して押圧成形する際、前記熱可塑性素材の前記機能面予定面と前記一対の成形型の少なくとも一方の前記機能面成形面とが接触してから、成形が終了して前記熱可塑性素材が冷却されて硬化するまでの期間中に、前記一対の成形型の夫々の前記機能面成形面の温度を前記熱可塑性素材の前記機能面予定面の温度よりも常に低く保持することを特徴とする。
The invention according to claim 2 is the method of molding a thermoplastic material according to claim 1,
When the thermoplastic material is heat-softened and press-molded, the functional surface planned surface of the thermoplastic material comes into contact with at least one functional surface molding surface of the pair of molds, and then molding is completed. During the period until the thermoplastic material is cooled and hardened, the temperature of the functional surface molding surface of each of the pair of molds is always kept lower than the temperature of the functional surface planned surface of the thermoplastic material. It is characterized by doing.
請求項３に係る発明は、請求項１又は２に記載の熱可塑性素材の成形方法において、
前記熱可塑性素材を加熱軟化して押圧成形する際、前記熱可塑性素材の前記機能面予定面と前記一対の成形型の少なくとも一方の前記機能面成形面とが接触する前に、前記一対の成形型の夫々の前記機能面成形面の温度を前記熱可塑性素材の前記機能面予定面の温度よりも低くし、その後、前記機能面予定面と前記一対の成形型の夫々の前記機能面成形面とを接触させて押圧成形することを特徴とする。
The invention according to claim 3 is the method for molding a thermoplastic material according to claim 1 or 2,
When the thermoplastic material is heat-softened and press-molded, the pair of moldings is performed before the functional surface planned surface of the thermoplastic material comes into contact with at least one functional surface molding surface of the pair of molds. The temperature of each functional surface molding surface of the mold is set lower than the temperature of the functional surface planned surface of the thermoplastic material, and then the functional surface molding surface of each of the functional surface planned surface and the pair of molds And press molding.
請求項４に係る発明は、請求項２又は３に記載の熱可塑性素材の成形方法において、
前記一対の成形型の夫々の前記機能面成形面の温度を前記熱可塑性素材の前記機能面予定面の温度よりも低くする際、前記熱可塑性素材を含む前記型セットの外面側から熱を奪って冷却することを特徴とする。
The invention according to claim 4 is the method for molding a thermoplastic material according to claim 2 or 3,
When the temperature of the functional surface molding surface of each of the pair of molds is made lower than the temperature of the functional surface planned surface of the thermoplastic material, heat is taken from the outer surface side of the mold set including the thermoplastic material. And cooling.
本発明によれば、熱可塑性素材の機能面予定面と成形型の機能面成形面とが非接触のまま、熱可塑性素材を機能面予定面以外の部位にて支持し、該支持部位からの伝熱加熱により熱可塑性素材を加熱軟化するので、熱可塑性素材の機能面予定面に発生する曇りや発泡等の変質を防止することができ、熱可塑性素材のもつ透明度や元来の色が失われるのを防止することができる。 According to the present invention, the functional surface planned surface of the thermoplastic material and the functional surface molding surface of the mold are kept in contact with each other, the thermoplastic material is supported at a portion other than the functional surface planned surface, Since the thermoplastic material is heated and softened by heat transfer heating, it is possible to prevent alterations such as fogging and foaming that occur on the functional surface of the thermoplastic material, and the transparency and original color of the thermoplastic material are lost. Can be prevented.
以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明の実施の形態について説明する。
図１は、本発明に係る成形方法を実施する成形装置の概念図である。
本実施の形態の型セット１０は、上下に対向配置された上型１１と下型１２、及びスリーブ１３を有している。このスリーブ１３は、中空円筒状をなしていて、第１の孔１４と、これよりも大径の第２の孔１５と、これら第１と第２の孔１４、１５の境界に形成された段部１６と、を有している。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a molding apparatus that performs a molding method according to the present invention.
The mold set 10 of the present embodiment includes an upper mold 11 and a lower mold 12 and a sleeve 13 that are opposed to each other in the vertical direction. The sleeve 13 has a hollow cylindrical shape, and is formed at the boundary between the first hole 14, the second hole 15 having a larger diameter than the first hole 14, and the first and second holes 14 and 15. And a step portion 16.
上型１１は、段付き円柱状をなしていて、第１の柱状部１８と、これよりも大径の第２の柱状部１９と、これら第１と第２の柱状部１８，１９の境界に形成された段部２０とを有している。この上型１１には、下型１２との対向面側に機能面成形面１１ａが形成されている。下型１２は、段付き円柱状をなしていて、第１の柱状部２２と、これよりも小径の第２の柱状部２３と、これら第１と第２の柱状部２２，２３の境界に形成された段部２４と、を有している。この下型１２には、上型１１との対向面側に機能面成形面１２ａが形成されている。なお、上型１１の機能面成形面１１ａと、下型１２の機能面成形面１２ａとは、鏡面に仕上げられている。 The upper mold 11 has a stepped columnar shape, and includes a first columnar portion 18, a second columnar portion 19 having a larger diameter than the first columnar portion 18, and a boundary between the first and second columnar portions 18 and 19. And a step portion 20 formed on the surface. A functional surface molding surface 11 a is formed on the upper die 11 on the side facing the lower die 12. The lower mold 12 has a stepped columnar shape, and a first columnar portion 22, a second columnar portion 23 having a smaller diameter than the first columnar portion 22, and a boundary between the first and second columnar portions 22 and 23. And a step 24 formed. A functional surface molding surface 12 a is formed on the lower die 12 on the side facing the upper die 11. The functional surface molding surface 11a of the upper mold 11 and the functional surface molding surface 12a of the lower mold 12 are mirror finished.
上型１１と下型１２は、スリーブ１３の内側で、夫々の機能面成形面１１ａ及び機能面成形面１２ａが対向するように当該スリーブ１３の両端側から挿嵌されている。この場合、上型１１は、第１の柱状部１８がスリーブ１３の第２の孔１５に挿嵌され、かつ段部２０がスリーブ１３の端面に当接されて支持されている。また、下型１２は、第１の柱状部２２がスリーブ１３の第１の孔１４に摺動自在に挿嵌されている。 The upper mold 11 and the lower mold 12 are inserted from both ends of the sleeve 13 so that the functional surface molding surface 11a and the functional surface molding surface 12a face each other inside the sleeve 13. In this case, the upper mold 11 is supported by the first columnar portion 18 being inserted into the second hole 15 of the sleeve 13 and the stepped portion 20 being in contact with the end surface of the sleeve 13. In the lower mold 12, the first columnar portion 22 is slidably inserted into the first hole 14 of the sleeve 13.
スリーブ１３の内側の段部１６には、円筒状の支持部材２６が挿嵌されている。この支持部材２６は、外周面をスリーブ１３の第２の孔１５に挿嵌され、下端面をスリーブ１３の段部１６に支持されている。また、この支持部材２６には、第１の孔２７と、これよりも大径の第２の孔２８と、これら第１と第２の孔２７、２８の境界に形成された段部２９とを有している。そして、この支持部材２６の第１の孔２７に、下型１２の第２の柱状部２３が摺動自在に挿嵌されている。 A cylindrical support member 26 is inserted into the step 16 inside the sleeve 13. The support member 26 has an outer peripheral surface inserted into the second hole 15 of the sleeve 13 and a lower end surface supported by the step portion 16 of the sleeve 13. The support member 26 includes a first hole 27, a second hole 28 having a larger diameter than the first hole 27, and a step portion 29 formed at the boundary between the first and second holes 27, 28. have. The second columnar portion 23 of the lower mold 12 is slidably inserted into the first hole 27 of the support member 26.
そして、この支持部材２６の段部２９には、例えばガラスやポリエチレン、ポリカーボネイト等の熱可塑性素材３０が配置されている。この熱可塑性素材３０の表裏面側には、それぞれ機能面予定面３０ａ，３０ｂが形成されている。なお、この状態では、機能面予定面３０ａ，３０ｂは、上型１１及び下型１２の機能面成形面１１ａ及び機能面成形面１２ａと非接触状態とされている。 A thermoplastic material 30 such as glass, polyethylene, or polycarbonate is disposed on the step portion 29 of the support member 26. On the front and back sides of the thermoplastic material 30, functional surface planned surfaces 30a and 30b are formed, respectively. In this state, the functional surface planned surfaces 30a and 30b are not in contact with the functional surface molding surface 11a and the functional surface molding surface 12a of the upper die 11 and the lower die 12.
また、上型１１及び下型１２は、タングステンカーバイド（ＷＣ）等の超硬合金を研磨したものが用いられている。また、熱可塑性素材３０は、たとえば略円柱形状の市販の光学ガラス（たとえば、株式会社オハラ製のＳ−ＬＡＨ５８）が用いられている。 The upper mold 11 and the lower mold 12 are made by polishing a cemented carbide such as tungsten carbide (WC). Moreover, as the thermoplastic material 30, for example, a commercially available optical glass having a substantially cylindrical shape (for example, S-LAH58 manufactured by OHARA INC.) Is used.
図２（ａ）〜（ｄ）は、本発明の成形工程を示す図である。
すなわち、図２（ａ）の加熱工程では、内部に熱可塑性素材３０を含む型セット１０を、予め870℃に加熱しておいた上下一対の加熱プレート３２、３３で挟持し、主として熱伝導による伝熱加熱により型セット１０を加熱する。このとき、本実施形態では、型セット１０全体の加熱に１００秒を要し、また、内部の熱可塑性素材３０を加熱するのに５０秒の時間を要した。
2A to 2D are diagrams showing the molding process of the present invention.
That is, in the heating process of FIG. 2A, the mold set 10 including the thermoplastic material 30 inside is sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower heating plates 32 and 33 that have been heated to 870 ° C. in advance, mainly by heat conduction. The mold set 10 is heated by heat transfer heating. At this time, in this embodiment, it took 100 seconds to heat the entire mold set 10, and it took 50 seconds to heat the internal thermoplastic material 30.
また、加熱プレート３２、３３からの伝熱経路は、プレート３３の上面よりスリーブ１３の下面から該スリーブ１３を加熱し、その段部１６を経て支持部材２６に伝わる。更に、熱は、この支持部材２６から、その段部２９及び第２の孔２８の内周面を介して伝熱され、熱可塑性素材３０が加熱されて軟化される。この場合、熱可塑性素材３０は、支持部材２６の段部２９及び第２の孔２８の内周面と接している部分が受熱部となる。 Further, the heat transfer path from the heating plates 32 and 33 heats the sleeve 13 from the lower surface of the sleeve 13 from the upper surface of the plate 33, and is transmitted to the support member 26 through the step portion 16. Further, heat is transferred from the support member 26 through the stepped portion 29 and the inner peripheral surface of the second hole 28, and the thermoplastic material 30 is heated and softened. In this case, the portion of the thermoplastic material 30 that is in contact with the stepped portion 29 of the support member 26 and the inner peripheral surface of the second hole 28 is a heat receiving portion.
よって、熱可塑性素材３０における受熱部には変質(泡)が発生するが、熱可塑性素材３０の機能面予定面３０ａ，３０ｂには変質が発生することはない。この場合、熱可塑性素材３０を含む型セット１０の全部品が、ほぼ同程度の温度である約850℃±５℃に加熱される。 Therefore, although alteration (bubbles) occurs in the heat receiving portion of the thermoplastic material 30, no alteration occurs on the functional surfaces 30 a and 30 b of the thermoplastic material 30. In this case, all parts of the mold set 10 including the thermoplastic material 30 are heated to about 850 ° C. ± 5 ° C., which is a substantially similar temperature.
このように、熱可塑性素材３０の受熱部とその機能面予定面３０ａ，３０ｂとを分離して加熱することで、熱可塑性素材３０に発生する受熱部の変質を、機能面予定面３０ａ，３０ｂには発生させずに、他の部分に移動させることができる。 As described above, the heat receiving portion of the thermoplastic material 30 and the functional surface planned surfaces 30a and 30b are separated and heated, so that the alteration of the heat receiving portion generated in the thermoplastic material 30 is changed to the functional surface planned surfaces 30a and 30b. It can be moved to other parts without being generated.
なお、装置内のＮ2パージガスによる冷却外乱を防止するため、例えば、図示しない保温胴を当該型セット１０の外周側に配置して冷却外乱を防止しても良好である。
次に、図２（ｂ）の一次冷却工程では、熱可塑性素材３０を含む型セット１０を加熱工程完了後に、820℃に加熱された一次冷却プレート３４、３５にて挟持し、上下面から型セット１０を30秒〜40秒の間冷却する。これにより、型素材である超硬材よりも熱伝導の悪い熱可塑性素材３０は、殆ど元の温度(約850℃)のままで保持されるが、型セット１０は温度が低下する。このため、上型１１及び下型１２の機能面成形面１１ａ、１２ａの表面温度は、熱可塑性素材３０の機能面予定面３０ａ、３０ｂよりも約20℃ほど低く(約830℃)設定される。
In order to prevent a cooling disturbance due to the N 2 purge gas in the apparatus, for example, a heat retaining cylinder (not shown) may be disposed on the outer peripheral side of the mold set 10 to prevent the cooling disturbance.
Next, in the primary cooling process of FIG. 2B, the mold set 10 including the thermoplastic material 30 is sandwiched between primary cooling plates 34 and 35 heated to 820 ° C. after the heating process is completed, and the mold is set from the upper and lower surfaces. Cool set 10 for 30-40 seconds. As a result, the thermoplastic material 30 having a lower thermal conductivity than the cemented carbide material as the mold material is held at almost the original temperature (about 850 ° C.), but the temperature of the mold set 10 decreases. For this reason, the surface temperature of the functional surface molding surfaces 11a and 12a of the upper mold 11 and the lower mold 12 is set to be lower by about 20 ° C. (about 830 ° C.) than the functional surface planned surfaces 30a and 30b of the thermoplastic material 30. .
すなわち、本実施形態では、熱可塑性素材３０を含む型セット１０の外面側から熱を奪って冷却するようにしている。なお、この一次冷却工程では、加熱工程後において同加熱工程用の加熱プレート３２，３３の温度設定を870℃から820℃に変更して、同一の加熱プレート３２，３３を用いても、同様の効果を得ることができる。 That is, in the present embodiment, heat is taken from the outer surface side of the mold set 10 including the thermoplastic material 30 to be cooled. In this primary cooling step, the same heating plates 32 and 33 can be used by changing the temperature setting of the heating plates 32 and 33 for the heating step from 870 ° C. to 820 ° C. after the heating step. An effect can be obtained.
次に、図２（ｃ）の成形工程では、熱可塑性素材３０を含む型セット１０を800℃に加熱された成形プレート３６，３７にて挟持・固定したのち、押圧成形する。この場合、下側の成形プレート３７の中央部には、押し上げロッド（押し上げピン）４１を摺動自在に挿嵌する挿通孔４２が形成されている。そして、この押上げロッド４１を上昇させて、該ロッド先端が下型１２を上昇させる。こうして、一対の上下型１１、１２により熱可塑性素材３０を挟持成形すると、該熱可塑性素材３０は変形が進行して成形品４０が成形される。 Next, in the molding step of FIG. 2C, the mold set 10 including the thermoplastic material 30 is sandwiched and fixed by the molding plates 36 and 37 heated to 800 ° C., and then press-molded. In this case, an insertion hole 42 into which a push-up rod (push-up pin) 41 is slidably fitted is formed at the center of the lower molding plate 37. Then, the push-up rod 41 is raised, and the tip of the rod raises the lower mold 12. Thus, when the thermoplastic material 30 is sandwiched and formed by the pair of upper and lower molds 11 and 12, the thermoplastic material 30 is deformed and the molded product 40 is formed.
このとき、一対の上下型１１，１２の機能面成形面１１ａ，１２ａの温度は、成形される熱可塑性素材３０の機能面予定面３０ａ，３０ｂの温度よりも、一次冷却工程により予め約20℃低く設定されている。このため、熱可塑性素材３０は、上下型１１，１２と接触しても熱を受熱することはなく、よって接触面が変質することなく成形される。 At this time, the temperature of the functional surface molding surfaces 11a and 12a of the pair of upper and lower molds 11 and 12 is about 20 ° C. in advance by the primary cooling process rather than the temperature of the functional surface planned surfaces 30a and 30b of the thermoplastic material 30 to be molded. It is set low. For this reason, the thermoplastic material 30 does not receive heat even when it comes into contact with the upper and lower molds 11 and 12, and is thus molded without changing the contact surface.
本実施形態では、成形プレート３６，３７の設定温度をさらに一次冷却プレート３４、３５よりも低く(800℃) 設定しているので、熱可塑性素材３０の変形と冷却に伴って上下型１１、１２が該熱可塑性素材３０から熱を受けてその温度が上昇し、熱可塑性素材３０と上下型１１、１２との温度間隔が詰まらないようにしている。これにより、熱可塑性素材３０の接触面が変質するのを抑止することができる。 In this embodiment, since the set temperature of the molding plates 36 and 37 is further set lower (800 ° C.) than that of the primary cooling plates 34 and 35, the upper and lower molds 11 and 12 are accompanied by deformation and cooling of the thermoplastic material 30. However, the temperature rises by receiving heat from the thermoplastic material 30 so that the temperature interval between the thermoplastic material 30 and the upper and lower molds 11 and 12 is not clogged. Thereby, it can suppress that the contact surface of the thermoplastic raw material 30 changes in quality.
更に、例えば、熱可塑性素材３０の所定変形量による成形が完了するまで、成形プレート３６，３７の制御温度を、熱可塑性素材３０と上下型１１、１２との温度間隔が詰まらないように順次(700℃まで)下げていっても良い。これによって、さらに安全に熱可塑性素材３０の上下型１１，１２との接触面の変質を防止することができる。 Further, for example, until the molding of the thermoplastic material 30 with a predetermined deformation amount is completed, the control temperature of the molding plates 36 and 37 is sequentially changed so that the temperature interval between the thermoplastic material 30 and the upper and lower molds 11 and 12 is not clogged ( It may be lowered to 700 ° C). Thereby, alteration of the contact surface of the thermoplastic material 30 with the upper and lower molds 11 and 12 can be prevented more safely.
また、最終的には、熱可塑性素材３０の転移点近傍の温度(硬化する温度)、つまり熱可塑性素材３０の変形が進行しない粘度に冷却されるまで、熱可塑性素材３０と上下型１１，１２との温度間隔が詰まらないように制御しても良い。これによっても、熱可塑性素材３０の上下型１１，１２との接触面が変質するのを防止することができる。 Finally, the thermoplastic material 30 and the upper and lower molds 11 and 12 are cooled until they are cooled to a temperature in the vicinity of the transition point of the thermoplastic material 30 (the temperature at which the thermoplastic material 30 is cured), that is, to a viscosity at which the deformation of the thermoplastic material 30 does not proceed. Control may be performed so that the temperature interval is not clogged. This can also prevent the contact surface of the thermoplastic material 30 with the upper and lower molds 11 and 12 from being altered.
次に、図２（ｄ）の冷却工程では、熱可塑性素材３０を含む型セット１０を600℃に加熱された冷却プレート３８，３９にて挟持して冷却する。その後、冷却プレート３８，３９の設定温度を400℃に下げて徐冷し、50秒かけて冷却することで、熱可塑性素材３０に割れ・ヒビなどの発生を防止する。 Next, in the cooling step of FIG. 2D, the mold set 10 including the thermoplastic material 30 is sandwiched and cooled by the cooling plates 38 and 39 heated to 600 ° C. Thereafter, the set temperature of the cooling plates 38 and 39 is gradually lowered to 400 ° C. and cooled over 50 seconds to prevent the thermoplastic material 30 from being cracked or cracked.
その後は、型セット１０を成形室内から取り出して常温で放置し、手で扱える温度に冷却したのち、型セット１０を分解して成形品４０を取り出す。
本実施形態によれば、上下型１１，１２とこれを挿嵌するスリーブ１３によって構成される型セット１０の内部に、熱可塑性素材３０を配置するので、加熱工程から成形工程に移行する際に、加熱軟化後の熱可塑性素材３０が直接周囲の外気や成形室内のパージガスにさらされることがないので、過度の冷却を受けることがない。そのため、加熱温度をその分高くする必要もないので、熱可塑性素材３０が溶融して落下したり、該熱可塑性素材３０が変質したりするのを防止することができる。
Thereafter, the mold set 10 is taken out from the molding chamber, left at room temperature, cooled to a temperature that can be handled by hand, and then the mold set 10 is disassembled and the molded product 40 is taken out.
According to the present embodiment, since the thermoplastic material 30 is disposed inside the mold set 10 constituted by the upper and lower molds 11 and 12 and the sleeve 13 into which the upper and lower molds 11 and 12 are inserted, when shifting from the heating process to the molding process. Since the thermoplastic material 30 after heat softening is not directly exposed to the surrounding ambient air or the purge gas in the molding chamber, it does not receive excessive cooling. Therefore, since it is not necessary to raise the heating temperature accordingly, it is possible to prevent the thermoplastic material 30 from being melted and dropped, or the thermoplastic material 30 from being altered.
また、図２（ａ）の加熱工程のときに、熱可塑性素材３０の機能面予定面３０ａ，３０ｂと受熱部とを分離して加熱するようにしたことで、当該機能面予定面３０ａ，３０ｂにおいて、曇り・発泡・失透・結晶化・揮発などの変質の発生を抑止することができる。 Further, in the heating step of FIG. 2 (a), the functional surface planned surfaces 30a and 30b of the thermoplastic material 30 are separated and heated so that the functional surface planned surfaces 30a and 30b are heated. , The occurrence of alteration such as cloudiness, foaming, devitrification, crystallization, and volatilization can be suppressed.
なお、本実施形態では、熱可塑性素材３０として、例えば、ガラス素材OHARA製 S-LAH58、ガラス素材OHARA製 S-LAH53、ガラス素材ショット社製 ＳＦ１１を用いた。
また、図２（ｃ）の成形工程において、本実施形態では、軟化した熱可塑性素材３０を押圧成形して所定の形状に成形するとともに、冷却硬化させて熱可塑性素材３０の温度が転移点近傍に至るまでの間において、常に上下型１１，１２の温度を熱可塑性素材３０の温度よりも低く保持・制御するようにした。このため、成形により得られた成形品４０にも、その機能面に変質が発生することがなかった。
In this embodiment, as the thermoplastic material 30, for example, S-LAH58 made of glass material OHARA, S-LAH53 made of glass material OHARA, and SF11 made by Glass Material Shot Company were used.
In the molding step of FIG. 2C, in this embodiment, the softened thermoplastic material 30 is press-molded into a predetermined shape, and is cooled and cured so that the temperature of the thermoplastic material 30 is in the vicinity of the transition point. In the meantime, the temperature of the upper and lower molds 11 and 12 is always kept and controlled lower than the temperature of the thermoplastic material 30. For this reason, the molded product 40 obtained by molding did not change in its function.
１０ 型セット
１１ 上型
１１ａ 機能面成形面
１２ 下型
１２ａ 機能面成形面
１３ スリーブ
１４ 第１の孔
１５ 第２の孔
１６ 段部
１８ 第１の柱状部
１９ 第２の柱状部
２０ 段部
２２ 第１の柱状部
２３ 第２の柱状部
２４ 段部
２６ 支持部材
２７ 第１の孔
２８ 第２の孔
２９ 段部
３０ 熱可塑性素材
３０ａ 機能面予定面
３０ｂ 機能面予定面
４０ 成形品
10 mold set 11 upper mold 11a functional surface molding surface 12 lower mold 12a functional surface molding surface 13 sleeve 14 first hole 15 second hole 16 step portion 18 first columnar portion 19 second columnar portion 20 step portion 22 First columnar portion 23 Second columnar portion 24 Step portion 26 Support member 27 First hole 28 Second hole 29 Step portion 30 Thermoplastic material 30a Functional surface planned surface 30b Functional surface planned surface 40 Molded product
Claims (4)
前記熱可塑性素材の機能面予定面と、前記一対の成形型の対向面側に夫々形成された機能面成形面とが非接触の状態で、前記熱可塑性素材を前記機能面予定面以外の部位にて支持し、該支持部位から前記熱可塑性素材への伝熱加熱により、該熱可塑性素材を変形可能な温度に加熱軟化する、
ことを特徴とする熱可塑性素材の成形方法。 A thermoplastic material is disposed inside a mold set having a pair of molding dies disposed opposite to each other and a sleeve into which the molds are inserted, and the thermoplastic material is heated by collectively heating the mold set and the thermoplastic material. In the molding method of the thermoplastic material that is press-molded after heat softening,
A portion other than the functional surface planned surface in a state where the functional surface planned surface of the thermoplastic material and the functional surface molded surface formed on the opposing surface sides of the pair of molds are not in contact with each other. And heat-softening the thermoplastic material to a deformable temperature by heat transfer heating from the support site to the thermoplastic material,
A method of molding a thermoplastic material characterized by the above.
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の熱可塑性素材の成形方法。 When the thermoplastic material is heat-softened and press-molded, the functional surface planned surface of the thermoplastic material comes into contact with at least one functional surface molding surface of the pair of molds, and then molding is completed. During the period until the thermoplastic material is cooled and hardened, the temperature of the functional surface molding surface of each of the pair of molds is always kept lower than the temperature of the functional surface planned surface of the thermoplastic material. To
The method for molding a thermoplastic material according to claim 1.
ことを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の熱可塑性素材の成形方法。 When the thermoplastic material is heat-softened and press-molded, the pair of moldings is performed before the functional surface planned surface of the thermoplastic material comes into contact with at least one functional surface molding surface of the pair of molds. The temperature of each functional surface molding surface of the mold is set lower than the temperature of the functional surface planned surface of the thermoplastic material, and then the functional surface molding surface of each of the functional surface planned surface and the pair of molds And press molding.
The method for molding a thermoplastic material according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic material is molded.
ことを特徴とする請求項２又は３に記載の熱可塑性素材の成形方法。 When the temperature of the functional surface molding surface of each of the pair of molds is made lower than the temperature of the functional surface planned surface of the thermoplastic material, heat is taken from the outer surface side of the mold set including the thermoplastic material. To cool,
The method for molding a thermoplastic material according to claim 2 or 3, wherein
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| JP2009096677A (en) * | 2007-10-17 | 2009-05-07 | Olympus Corp | Manufacturing method of molded product and apparatus for the same |
| JP2009227532A (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2009-10-08 | Olympus Corp | Method for manufacturing optical element |
| JP2011016669A (en) * | 2009-07-07 | 2011-01-27 | Olympus Corp | Method for manufacturing optical device |
| JP2011251856A (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2011-12-15 | Olympus Corp | Method for manufacturing optical element and mold set |
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| JP2001180946A (en) * | 1999-12-24 | 2001-07-03 | Minolta Co Ltd | Method for forming optical glass element and forming apparatus for optical glass with method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2001180946A (en) * | 1999-12-24 | 2001-07-03 | Minolta Co Ltd | Method for forming optical glass element and forming apparatus for optical glass with method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009096677A (en) * | 2007-10-17 | 2009-05-07 | Olympus Corp | Manufacturing method of molded product and apparatus for the same |
| JP2009227532A (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2009-10-08 | Olympus Corp | Method for manufacturing optical element |
| JP2011016669A (en) * | 2009-07-07 | 2011-01-27 | Olympus Corp | Method for manufacturing optical device |
| JP2011251856A (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2011-12-15 | Olympus Corp | Method for manufacturing optical element and mold set |
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