JP2007178090A - Heat pump-type water heater - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat pump type water heater capable of saving an installation space, with respect to the heat pump-type water heater comprising two heat pump cycles using two different refrigerants. <P>SOLUTION: This heat pump-type water heater X comprises a CO<SB>2</SB>cycle 1 in which the CO<SB>2</SB>refrigerant is circulated, a R410A cycle 2 in which a R410A refrigerant is circulated, a heat exchanger 32 exchanging heat between the CO<SB>2</SB>refrigerant or the R410A refrigerant and the water, and a common outdoor air heat exchanger 13 exchanging heat between the CO<SB>2</SB>refrigerant or the R410A refrigerant and the outdoor air. Alternatively, the outdoor air heat exchanger exchanging heat between the CO<SB>2</SB>refrigerant and the outdoor air, and the outdoor air heat exchanger exchanging heat between the R410A refrigerant and the outdoor air are disposed in the common outdoor unit. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat pump type hot water heater that supplies water by heating water by heat exchange with a refrigerant circulating in a heat pump cycle provided with a compressor, an expander, and the like. The present invention relates to a heat pump type hot water heater having two heat pump cycles using refrigerants having different characteristics.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a heat pump type hot water heater that supplies water by heating water by heat exchange with a refrigerant circulating in a heat pump cycle provided with a compressor, an expander, and the like is well known. The refrigerant is, for example, a carbon dioxide refrigerant or an HFC refrigerant.
Here, the carbon dioxide refrigerant can heat water to a high temperature (for example, about 90 ° C.) as a characteristic of the refrigerant. On the other hand, the HFC refrigerant can only heat water to a relatively low temperature (for example, about 65 ° C.) due to the characteristics of the refrigerant. However, when used in air conditioning equipment, the energy consumption efficiency (COP) is superior to using the HFC refrigerant rather than using the carbon dioxide refrigerant.

On the other hand, Patent Document 1 discloses a heat pump cycle (hereinafter referred to as “CO ₂ cycle”) using a CO ₂ refrigerant (an example of a carbon dioxide gas refrigerant) and a heat pump cycle (an example of an HFC refrigerant) using an R410A refrigerant (an example of an HFC refrigerant). Hereinafter, a heat pump type hot water supply system having both “R410A cycle”) is shown. In the heat pump hot water supply system, an outdoor unit that exchanges heat between the CO ₂ refrigerant circulating in the CO ₂ cycle and outdoor air (hereinafter referred to as “CO ₂ refrigerant outdoor unit”), an R410A refrigerant that circulates in the R410A cycle, An outdoor unit that performs heat exchange with outdoor air (hereinafter referred to as “R410A refrigerant outdoor unit”) is provided separately.
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-83585

However, in the heat pump hot water supply system in which the CO ₂ refrigerant outdoor unit and the R410A refrigerant outdoor unit are separately provided, it is necessary to secure installation spaces for the CO ₂ refrigerant outdoor unit and the R410A refrigerant outdoor unit. .
Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is a heat pump type water heater provided with two heat pump cycles using two different refrigerants, and saves installation space. It is in providing the heat pump type hot water heater which can be used.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a first heat pump cycle in which the first refrigerant is circulated through at least a compressor and an expander, and at least a second refrigerant having characteristics different from those of the first refrigerant. A second heat pump cycle that is circulated through a compressor and an expander, and a water heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the first refrigerant and / or the second refrigerant and water. It is applied to a heat pump type hot water heater, and is provided with a common outdoor unit that exchanges heat between the first refrigerant and / or the second refrigerant and outdoor air. It is configured as a heat pump type hot water heater. Specifically, it is conceivable that the first refrigerant is a carbon dioxide gas refrigerant and the second refrigerant is an HFC refrigerant.
According to the present invention, since the outdoor unit is common to the first refrigerant (first heat pump cycle) and the second refrigerant (second heat pump cycle), the outdoor unit is provided separately as in the prior art. Compared to the case, it is possible to reduce the installation space of the heat pump hot water heater. In addition, by sharing the outdoor unit, it is possible to reduce the number of components by using a common fan.

Specifically, the outdoor unit has a first outdoor air heat having a first pipe through which the first refrigerant is circulated and a plurality of first heat transfer plates through which the first pipe is inserted. A second outdoor air heat exchanger having a exchanger, a second pipe through which the second refrigerant is circulated, and a plurality of second heat transfer plates through which the second pipe is inserted; A configuration including one outdoor air heat exchanger and a common blower fan that blows outdoor air to the second outdoor air heat exchanger is conceivable. According to such a structure, the component and installation space of the said heat pump type hot water heater can be reduced compared with the case where an outdoor unit is provided separately.
More specifically, the first outdoor air heat exchanger and the second outdoor air heat exchanger may be juxtaposed in the direction in which outdoor air is blown by the blower fan. However, in this case, the air after heat exchange with the refrigerant in the heat exchanger arranged on the upstream side in the blowing direction of the outdoor air is exchanged with the refrigerant in the heat exchanger arranged on the downstream side. Subject to heat exchange. Therefore, it is conceivable that the heat exchange efficiency of any one of the first refrigerant and the second refrigerant deteriorates.
Therefore, when the first outdoor air heat exchanger and the second outdoor air heat exchanger are arranged in parallel in the blowing direction of the outdoor air by the blower fan, the first pipe and the second It is desirable that the pipes are alternately inserted through the first heat transfer plate and the second heat transfer plate. As a result, both the first refrigerant and the second refrigerant are heat-exchanged with the room air in the heat exchanger provided on the upstream side in the blowing direction of the outdoor air.

As another configuration, the outdoor unit includes a first pipe through which the first refrigerant is circulated, a second pipe through which the second refrigerant is circulated, the first pipe, and the second pipe. A configuration comprising a common outdoor air heat exchanger having a common heat transfer plate through which piping is provided and a common blower fan for blowing outdoor air to the common outdoor air heat exchanger is also considered. It is done. Even with such a configuration, it is possible to reduce the components and installation space of the heat pump type hot water heater as compared with the case where an outdoor unit is provided separately. In this case, heat exchange can be performed between the first refrigerant flowing through the first pipe and the second refrigerant flowing through the second pipe. For example, when hot water is supplied in the first heat pump cycle and cooling is performed in the second heat pump cycle, a low-temperature refrigerant flowing through the first pipe and a high-temperature refrigerant flowing through the second pipe It is also possible to exchange heat between the two. That is, the exhaust heat from cooling can be used for hot water supply.
Furthermore, if the first pipe and the second pipe are arranged so as to be alternately inserted through the heat transfer plate, the first refrigerant and the second pipe flowing through the first pipe are arranged. Heat exchange is efficiently performed with the circulating second refrigerant.

In addition, since the first refrigerant such as the carbonic acid refrigerant has a high compressibility and a high pressure, it is desirable that the thickness of the first pipe is larger than the thickness of the second pipe. On the other hand, the pipe diameter of the first pipe may be smaller than the pipe diameter of the second pipe.
Here, when the pipe diameter and the wall thickness of the first pipe are different from those of the second pipe, either end of either the first pipe or the second pipe is connected to the common outdoor air. It is desirable to arrange at one end of the heat exchanger and to arrange the other end at the other end of the common outdoor air heat exchanger. As a result, when the heat pump type hot water heater is assembled, it is possible to reduce the risk of causing an incorrect refrigerant to flow through the first pipe or the second pipe.

According to the present invention, since the outdoor unit is common to the first refrigerant (first heat pump cycle) and the second refrigerant (second heat pump cycle), the outdoor unit is provided separately as in the prior art. Compared to the case, it is possible to reduce the installation space of the heat pump hot water heater. In addition, by sharing the outdoor unit, it is possible to reduce the number of components by using a common fan.
Further, the outdoor unit includes a first pipe through which the first refrigerant is circulated, a second pipe through which the second refrigerant is circulated, the first pipe, and the second pipe. In a configuration including a common outdoor air heat exchanger having a common heat transfer plate and a common blower fan for blowing outdoor air to the common outdoor air heat exchanger, the first outdoor pipe is circulated. Heat exchange can be performed between the first refrigerant and the second refrigerant flowing through the second pipe.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the present invention can be understood. The following embodiment is an example embodying the present invention, and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heat pump type hot water heater X according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an internal configuration diagram of an outdoor unit 6 provided in the heat pump type hot water heater X, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining the shapes of the pipe 61 and the pipe 62 provided in the outdoor air heat exchanger 13.
As shown in FIG. 1, the heat pump type hot water heater X includes two heat pump cycles 1 (an example of a first heat pump cycle), 2 (an example of a second heat pump cycle) in which refrigerant is circulated, and a flowing water path 30a˜ 30d, storage tank 31, circulation pump 34, water heat exchanger 32 common to the heat pump cycles 1 and 2, outdoor air heat exchanger 13 common to the heat pump cycles 1 and 2 (an example of a common outdoor air heat exchanger) ) And switching valves 41 to 45. The heat pump type water heater X includes a control unit (not shown) having a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, and the like.
The water heat exchanger 32 includes a refrigerant circulated in the heat pump cycle 1 and the heat pump cycle 2, a water flow path 30 b from the water supply port to the hot water supply port, or water flowing on the water flow path 30 a returning to the storage tank 31. Heat exchange. Here, the water flow path 30a is a water flow path in which the storage tank 31, the circulation pump 34, the switching valve 45, the water heat exchanger 32, the switching valve 43, and the storage tank 31 are sequentially connected from the water supply port. . The flowing water path 30b is a flowing water path in which the switching valve 45, the water heat exchanger 32, the switching valve 43, and the hot water supply port are sequentially connected from the water supply port. The flowing water path 30c passes from the storage tank 31 through the switching valve 44 to the hot water supply port, and the flowing path 30d passes from the water supply port through the switching valve 44 to the hot water supply port. It is a distribution channel for water.
The outdoor air heat exchanger 13 performs heat exchange between the refrigerant circulated in the heat pump cycle 1 and the heat pump cycle 2 and outdoor air. The outdoor air heat exchanger 13 will be described in detail later.

Hot water heated by heat exchange with the refrigerant in the water heat exchanger 32 is stored in the upper layer of the storage tank 31, and water supplied from the water supply port is stored in the lower layer of the storage tank 31.
In the heat pump type hot water heater X, the components are controlled by the control unit (not shown) so that the water supplied from the water supply port flows on the water flow path 30b, and then the water heat exchanger Instantaneous hot water supply operation in which the water is heated by 32 and directly supplied from the hot water supply port, or the water supplied from the water supply port is made to flow on the flowing water path 30a and then heated by the water heat exchanger 32 and stored in the storage tank 31. Hot water storage operation is performed.
Here, in the instantaneous hot water supply operation, the control valves 43 and 45 are controlled by the control unit so that water supplied from the water supply port flows along the flowing water path 30b in the direction of the dashed arrow. Become. However, a sufficient amount of heating by the water heat exchanger 32 cannot be obtained for a certain time after the instantaneous hot water supply operation is started. Therefore, for a certain period of time after the start of the instantaneous operation, the hot water stored in the storage tank 31 is mixed with the water supplied from the water supply port through the water flow path 30d in the switching valve 44 through the water flow path 30c. After the temperature is adjusted, the hot water supply port is supplied. Thereby, hot water can be instantaneously supplied from the hot water supply port. And when it becomes possible to fully heat the water supplied from the water supply port by the water heat exchanger 32, the water supply to the storage tank 31 is stopped, and thereafter, the water heat is supplied from the water supply port. Instantaneous hot water supply is performed using a flowing water path 30b that passes through the exchanger 32 and continues to the hot water supply port. It is also possible to supply hot water as it is without mixing the hot water stored in the storage tank 31 with the water supplied from the water supply port.
Further, in the hot water storage operation, when the circulation pump 34 is driven, water flows in the direction of the solid arrow along the flowing water path 30a, whereby hot water is stored in the storage tank 31.

The heat pump cycle 1 (hereinafter referred to as “CO ₂ cycle”) has a circulation path 10 in which a compressor 11, the water heat exchanger 32, an expander 12, and the outdoor air heat exchanger 13 are connected in order. Yes.
In the circulation path 10, when the compressor 11 is driven by the control unit (not shown), a CO ₂ refrigerant (an example of a first refrigerant), which is an example of a carbon dioxide refrigerant, circulates in an arrow direction shown in the drawing. Is done. Here, the CO ₂ refrigerant has characteristics different from the R410A refrigerant described later, and can heat water to a high temperature (about 90 ° C.) as a characteristic of the refrigerant, but has a relatively low energy consumption efficiency. Therefore, the CO ₂ cycle 1 is mainly used for heating water in the hot water storage operation.
Specifically, the high-temperature and high-pressure CO ₂ refrigerant compressed and discharged by the compressor 11 is cooled by heat exchange with water flowing on the flowing water path 30a or 30b in the water heat exchanger 32. Thereafter, the expander 12 expands. Thereafter, the low-temperature and low-pressure CO ₂ refrigerant expanded in the expander 12 is heat-exchanged with the outdoor air in the outdoor air heat exchanger 13 to absorb heat and vaporize, and then flows into the compressor 11 again.
In the CO ₂ cycle 1, the CO ₂ refrigerant is circulated through the circulation path 10 as described above, so that water flowing in the direction of the arrow on the flowing water path 30 a or 30 b is transferred to the water heat exchanger 32. It is heated to about 90 ° C. by heat exchange with the CO ₂ refrigerant. In addition, since the flow direction of the CO ₂ refrigerant and water in the water heat exchanger 32 is opposite, heat exchange between the CO ₂ refrigerant and water is performed efficiently.
At this time, in the instantaneous hot water supply operation, the switching valve 45 is controlled by the control unit (not shown) so as to pass through the flowing water path 30b, and the switching valve 43 is controlled by the control unit (not shown). Thus, hot water heated in the water heat exchanger 32 is supplied to the hot water supply port. Further, in the hot water storage operation, the switching valve 45 is controlled by the control unit (not shown) so as to pass through the flowing water path 30a, and the switching valve 43 is controlled by the control unit (not shown), The hot water heated in the water heat exchanger 32 is switched so as to be stored in the storage tank 31.

On the other hand, the heat pump cycle 2 (hereinafter referred to as “R410A cycle”) has a circulation path 20 and a circulation path 40 through which an R410A refrigerant (an example of a second refrigerant), which is an example of an HFC refrigerant, is circulated. Here, the R410A refrigerant, the CO ₂ has a refrigerant different properties, but can only heat the water compared to the CO ₂ refrigerant to a low temperature (about 65 ° C.), since the energy consumption efficiency (COP) is high , Suitable for relatively low boiling temperature. Therefore, the R410A cycle 2 is mainly used for heating water in the instantaneous hot water supply operation. Other examples of the R410A refrigerant include R407C / E, R404A, R507A, and R134a. Further, the two different refrigerants used in the heat pump type hot water heater X are not limited to the carbon dioxide refrigerant and the HFC refrigerant, and two refrigerants having different characteristics such as heat exchange efficiency and energy consumption efficiency may be used.

The circulation path 20 includes a compressor 21, a four-way valve 24, a switching valve 41, the water heat exchanger 32, a switching valve 42, an expander (for example, an expansion valve) 22, the outdoor air heat exchanger 13, and the four-way valve 24. Are connected in order.
In the circulation path 20, the R <b> 410 </ b> A refrigerant is circulated in the direction indicated by the solid arrow as illustrated in FIG. Specifically, the high-temperature and high-pressure R410A refrigerant compressed and discharged by the compressor 21 reaches the water heat exchanger 32 through the four-way valve 24 and the switching valve 41. The R410A refrigerant is cooled by heat exchange with water flowing on the flowing water path 30a or 30b in the water heat exchanger 32. Thereafter, the R410A refrigerant expands in the expander 22 via the switching valve 42. The low-temperature and low-pressure R410A refrigerant expanded in the expander 22 is heat-exchanged with the outdoor air in the outdoor air heat exchanger 13 to absorb heat and vaporize, and then passes again through the four-way valve 24 to the compressor 21 again. Inflow.
In the R410A cycle 2, as described above, the R410A refrigerant is circulated in the direction of the solid arrow in the circulation path 20, so that the water flowing in the direction of the arrow on the flowing water path 30a or 30b is transferred to the water heat exchanger 32. Is heated to about 65 ° C. by heat exchange with the R410A refrigerant. Since the flow direction of the R410A refrigerant and water in the water heat exchanger 32 is opposite, heat exchange between the R410A refrigerant and water is performed efficiently.

The water heat exchanger 32 is common to the CO ₂ cycle 1 and the R410A cycle 2, and the CO ₂ refrigerant and the R410A refrigerant circulated therethrough, the flowing water path 30a or the flowing water. It is possible to simultaneously exchange heat with water flowing on the path 30b. Specifically, the water heat exchanger 32 includes the pipe 14 of the CO ₂ refrigerant provided in the water heat exchanger 32, the pipe 33 provided on the flowing water paths 30a and 30b, the R410A refrigerant. The pipe 25 and the pipe 33 are configured to come into contact with each other.
Therefore, in the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus X, water can be heated with a heat exchange efficiency higher than the individual heat exchange efficiency by using the CO ₂ cycle 1 and the R410A cycle 2 at the same time. Thereby, the hot water supply amount at the time of the instantaneous hot water supply operation can be increased.

On the other hand, the circulation path 40 includes the compressor 21, the four-way valve 24, the switching valve 41, the indoor air heat exchanger 4, the switching valve 42, the expander 22, the outdoor air heat exchanger 13, and the four-way. Valves 24 are connected in order.
Here, the indoor air heat exchanger 4 is provided in an air conditioner (not shown) that performs indoor heating and cooling, and exchanges heat between the R410A refrigerant circulated in the circulation path 40 and room air. By doing so, the indoor air is heated or cooled.

Here, the outdoor air heat exchanger 13 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 2, the outdoor air heat exchanger 13 is built in the outdoor unit 6 together with the compressors 11, 21, the expanders 12 and 22, the blower fan 64, and the like. The blower fan 64 is driven to rotate by a motor (not shown) to blow outdoor air to the outdoor air heat exchanger 13. Thus, in the heat pump type hot water heater X, the outdoor unit 6 is shared by the CO ₂ cycle 1 and the R410A cycle 2. Although not shown, the outdoor unit 6 may incorporate the water heat exchanger 32 and the hot water storage tank 31.
As shown in FIG. 3, the outdoor air heat exchanger 13 is circulated in a pipe 61 (an example of a first pipe) through which the CO ₂ refrigerant circulated in the CO ₂ cycle 1 circulates and the R410A cycle 2. A pipe 62 (an example of a second pipe) through which the R410A refrigerant flows, and a plurality of heat transfer fins (heat transfer plates) 63 through which the pipe 61 and the pipe 62 are inserted. . In the outdoor air heat exchanger 13, between the CO ₂ refrigerant flowing through the pipe 61 and the R410A refrigerant flowing through the pipe 62 and the outdoor air blown by the blower fan 64 through the heat transfer fins 63. Heat exchange takes place at.
The pipe 61 is configured by connecting a plurality of pipes penetrating the heat transfer fins 63 by bend pipes 61 a and 61 b at both ends of the outdoor air heat exchanger 13. Similarly, the pipe 62 is configured by connecting a plurality of pipes penetrating the heat transfer fins 63 at both ends of the outdoor air heat exchanger 13 by bend pipes 62a and 62b. Here, each of the pipe 61 and the pipe 62 is formed by alternately connecting a plurality of pipes arranged in a direction perpendicular to the outdoor air flow direction in the outdoor air heat exchanger 13 every two pipes. is there. Thereby, each of the said piping 61 and the said piping 62 is arrange | positioned in the state penetrated by the said heat-transfer fin 63 alternately.
Thus, in the heat pump type hot water heater X, since the outdoor unit 6 is common to the CO ₂ cycle 1 and the R410A cycle 2, it is installed in comparison with the case where the outdoor unit is provided separately as in the prior art. Space is saved. In addition, the outdoor air heat exchanger 13 and the blower fan 64 can be shared to reduce the number of components.

By the way, since the CO ₂ refrigerant having a high compression ratio flows through the pipe 61, a high pressure resistance is required. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4A, the thickness of the pipe 61 is larger than the thickness of the pipe 62. On the other hand, since the CO ₂ refrigerant flowing in the pipe 61 has a high compressibility, the pipe diameter of the pipe 61 may be smaller than the pipe diameter of the pipe 62 as shown in FIG. For example, a pipe having a wall thickness of 0.3 mm and a pipe diameter of 9 mm is used for the pipe 62, whereas a pipe having a wall thickness of 0.6 mm and a pipe diameter of 6 mm is used for the pipe 61. .
As shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C, the thickness of the pipe 61 is larger than the thickness of the pipe 62 (FIG. 4A), and the pipe 61 has a diameter of the pipe. The structure which employ | adopted any one of the relationships (FIG.4 (b)) smaller than the pipe diameter of 62 may be sufficient.

Next, the water heat exchanger 32 will be described in detail.
The water heat exchanger 32 includes a pipe 14 through which the CO ₂ refrigerant circulated in the CO ₂ cycle 1 circulates, a pipe 25 through which the R410A refrigerant circulated through the R410A cycle 2 circulates, and the flowing water path 30a. , 30b, and a pipe 33 through which water flows.
The pipe 14 is built in the pipe 33. On the other hand, the pipe 25 is built in the pipe 33. Thus, in the water heat exchanger 32, the pipe 14, the pipe 25, and the pipe 33 are connected to the pipe 25 between the CO ₂ refrigerant flowing through the pipe 14 and the water flowing through the pipe 33. It arrange | positions in the state in which heat exchange is simultaneously possible between the R410A refrigerant | coolant which distribute | circulates, and the water which distribute | circulates the said piping 33 simultaneously.
As described above, the piping 14 is required to have high pressure resistance because the CO ₂ refrigerant having a high compression ratio flows therethrough. Therefore, it is desirable that the thickness of the pipe 14 is larger than the thickness of the pipe 25. On the other hand, the pipe diameter of the pipe 14 may be smaller than the pipe diameter of the pipe 25.
In the water heat exchanger 32 configured as described above, either or both of the CO ₂ refrigerant flowing through the pipe 14 and the R410A refrigerant flowing through the pipe 25 and water flowing on the water flow paths 30a and 30b. Heat exchange with the Therefore, in the heat pump type hot water heater X, by using the CO ₂ cycle 1 and the R410A cycle 2 at the same time, it is possible to heat water with a heat exchange efficiency higher than the individual heat exchange efficiency. Thereby, the hot water supply amount at the time of the instantaneous hot water supply operation can be increased. Further, since the water heat exchanger 32 is common to the CO ₂ refrigerant and the R410A refrigerant, the components and installation space of the heat pump type hot water heater X can be reduced as compared with the case where a separate heat exchanger is provided. Is possible.

Hereinafter, the heating operation and the cooling operation realized in the R410A cycle 2 of the heat pump type water heater X will be described.
(1) Heating operation When the user requests the heat pump water heater X to start a heating operation from an operation unit (not shown), in the heat pump water heater X, the control unit (not shown) The compressor 21 and the four-way valve 24 are controlled, and the circulation of the R410A refrigerant in the direction of the solid arrow in the circulation path 40 of the R410A cycle 2 is started. At this time, the illustrated solid line path is established inside the four-way valve 24.
As a result, the R410A refrigerant is circulated in the circulation path 40 in the direction of the solid arrow shown in the figure. Specifically, the high-temperature and high-pressure R410A refrigerant compressed and discharged by the compressor 21 reaches the indoor air heat exchanger 4 through the four-way valve 24 and the switching valve 41. The R410A refrigerant is cooled by heat exchange with indoor air in the indoor air heat exchanger 4. Thereafter, the R410A refrigerant expands in the expander 22 via the switching valve 42. The low-temperature and low-pressure R410A refrigerant expanded in the expander 22 is heat-exchanged with the outdoor air in the outdoor air heat exchanger 13 to absorb heat and vaporize, and then passes again through the four-way valve 24 to the compressor 21 again. Inflow.
In the R410A cycle 2, the R410A refrigerant is circulated in the direction of the solid arrow in the circulation path 40 as described above, whereby the indoor air is exchanged with the R410A refrigerant in the indoor air heat exchanger 4. Heated. That is, heating is realized by the heat pump type hot water heater X.

By the way, in the conventional apparatus (for example, refer patent document 1), instantaneous hot water supply and heating were not able to be performed simultaneously using the said R410A cycle 2. FIG. In addition, it is conceivable that the R410A refrigerant is distributed to perform instantaneous hot water supply and heating at the same time. However, in this case, there is a problem that a sufficient hot water supply temperature and hot water supply amount cannot be obtained.
However, in the heat pump type water heater X, when the instantaneous hot water supply and the heating are performed simultaneously, the CO ₂ refrigerant that circulates in the CO ₂ cycle 1 and the R410A that circulates in the R410A cycle 2 in the water heat exchanger 32. It is possible to heat water simultaneously with the refrigerant. Thereby, when performing instantaneous hot water supply and heating simultaneously, sufficient hot water supply temperature and amount of hot water supply can be obtained. This point will be described in detail below.

First, in the heat pump type hot water heater X, when a heating operation is performed by the R410A cycle 2, if a user requests instantaneous hot water supply to an operation unit (not shown), the heat pump type hot water heater X The switching valves 41 and 42 are controlled by the control unit (not shown), and the circulation of the R410A refrigerant in the direction of the solid arrow in the circulation path 20 of the R410A cycle 2 is started. At this time, the R410A refrigerant is distributed and circulated to the circulation paths 20 and 40 in the R410A cycle 2. Therefore, there is a possibility that the water is not sufficiently heated by the R410A refrigerant circulating through the circulation path 20 in the water heat exchanger 32.
Therefore, in the heat pump type hot water heater X, when the heating operation is performed by the R410A cycle 2, if the user requests instantaneous hot water supply to the operation unit (not shown), the control unit (not shown) ) is driven to control the compressor 11 of the CO ₂ cycle 1 by the circulation of the CO ₂ refrigerant in the CO ₂ cycle 1 is started.
Thereby, in the water heat exchanger 32, as described above, water is heated by both the R410A refrigerant and the CO ₂ refrigerant. That is, the decrease in the heating efficiency of water during the simultaneous operation of instantaneous hot water supply and heating in the R410A cycle 1 is compensated by heat exchange between the CO ₂ refrigerant circulating in the CO ₂ cycle 1 and water. Therefore, when performing instantaneous hot water supply and heating simultaneously in the R410A cycle 2, a sufficient hot water supply temperature and amount of hot water supply can be obtained.

(2) Cooling operation On the other hand, when the user requests the heat pump water heater X to start the cooling operation from an operation unit (not shown), the heat pump water heater X has the control unit (not shown). ), The compressor 21 and the four-way valve 24 are controlled, and the circulation of the R410A refrigerant in the direction of the broken line arrow is started in the circulation path 40 of the R410A cycle 2. At this time, the illustrated broken line path is established inside the four-way valve 24.
Thereby, in the circulation path 40, the R410A refrigerant is circulated in the direction of the broken arrow shown in the figure. Specifically, the high-temperature and high-pressure R410A refrigerant compressed and discharged by the compressor 21 reaches the outdoor air heat exchanger 13 through the four-way valve 24. The R410A refrigerant is cooled by exchanging heat with outdoor air in the outdoor air heat exchanger 13. Thereafter, the R410A refrigerant expands in the expander 22. The low-temperature and low-pressure R410A refrigerant expanded in the expander 22 is subjected to heat exchange with the indoor air in the indoor air heat exchanger 4 via the switching valve 42, and absorbs and vaporizes. It flows into the compressor 21 again through the four-way valve 24.
In the R410A cycle 2, the R410A refrigerant is circulated in the direction of the broken line arrow in the circulation path 40 as described above, so that the indoor air is exchanged with the R410A refrigerant in the indoor air heat exchanger 4. To be cooled. That is, cooling is realized by the heat pump type hot water heater X.

At this time, in the heat pump type hot water heater X, the switching valves 41 and 42 are controlled by the control unit (not shown), thereby preventing the circulation of the R410A refrigerant in the circulation path 20.
Therefore, even when the cooling is performed by the R410A cycle 2, the hot water storage operation by the CO ₂ cycle 1 is not hindered. In addition, when hot water is supplied in the CO ₂ cycle 1 while the cooling operation is being performed in the R410A cycle 2, a low-temperature CO ₂ refrigerant flows through the pipe 61, and a high temperature flows through the pipe 62. The R410A refrigerant will circulate. Therefore, heat exchange is also performed between the CO ₂ refrigerant and the R410A refrigerant via the heat transfer fins 63. That is, the exhaust heat of the cooling operation by the R410A cycle 2 can be used for the hot water storage operation by the CO ₂ cycle 1 and the like.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of the heat pump type water heater X1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In addition, about the component similar to the said heat pump type water heater X demonstrated in the said embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
As shown in FIG. 5, the heat pump type hot water heater X1 has an R410A cycle 5 instead of the R410A cycle 2 of the heat pump type hot water heater X. The R410A cycle 5 is provided with switching valves 51 to 56 controlled by the control unit (not shown) and two expanders 22a and 22b.
In the R410A cycle 5 configured as described above, the circulation direction of the R410A refrigerant in the circulation path 20 and the circulation direction of the R410A refrigerant in the circulation path 40 can be controlled independently. Therefore, in the R410A cycle 5, it is possible to simultaneously perform cooling or heating and instantaneous hot water supply. This will be specifically described below.

(1) Simultaneous operation of heating and instantaneous hot water supply During simultaneous operation of heating and instantaneous hot water supply, in the R410A cycle 5, the compressor 21, the four-way valve 24, and the switching valve 51 are controlled by the control unit (not shown). By controlling .about.56, the R410A refrigerant is circulated in the direction of the solid arrow shown in FIG.
Specifically, in the circulation path 20, the R410A refrigerant flows into the compressor 21, the four-way valve 24, the switching valve 51, the switching valve 52, the water heat exchanger 32, the expander 22a, the switching valve 53, the switching valve 54, The outdoor air heat exchanger 13, the switching valve 56, the four-way valve 24, and the compressor 21 are circulated in this order. Thereby, the water flowing on the flowing water path 30b is heated in the water heat exchanger 32.
On the other hand, in the circulation path 40, the R410A refrigerant flows into the compressor 21, the four-way valve 24, the switching valve 51, the indoor air heat exchanger 4, the switching valve 55, the expander 22b, the switching valve 54, and the outdoor air heat exchanger 13. , The switching valve 56, the four-way valve 24, and the compressor 21 are circulated in this order. Thereby, in the said indoor air heat exchanger 4, indoor air is heated and heating is performed.
Thus, in the R410A cycle 5, heating and instantaneous hot water supply can be performed simultaneously by distributing the R410A refrigerant by the switching valve 51. As described above, the CO ₂ cycle 1 can compensate for a decrease in the heating efficiency of the water in the water heat exchanger 32 due to the distribution of the R410A refrigerant.
(2) Simultaneous operation of cooling and instantaneous hot water supply During simultaneous operation of cooling and instantaneous hot water supply, in the R410A cycle 5, the control unit (not shown) performs the compressor 21, the four-way valve 24, and the switching valve 51-51. By controlling 56, the R410A refrigerant is circulated in the direction of the broken arrow shown in FIG.
Specifically, in the circulation path 20, the R410A refrigerant flows into the compressor 21, the four-way valve 24, the switching valve 56, the switching valve 52, the water heat exchanger 32, the expander 22a, the switching valve 53, the switching valve 55, The indoor air heat exchanger 4, the switching valve 51, the four-way valve 24, and the compressor 21 are circulated in this order. Thereby, the water flowing on the flowing water path 30b is heated in the water heat exchanger 32.
On the other hand, in the circulation path 40, the R410A refrigerant is supplied from the compressor 21, the four-way valve 24, the switching valve 56, the outdoor air heat exchanger 13, the switching valve 54, the expander 22b, the switching valve 55, and the indoor air heat exchanger 4. , The switching valve 51, the four-way valve 24, and the compressor 21 are circulated in this order. As a result, the indoor air heat exchanger 4 cools the room air by cooling it.
As described above, in the R410A cycle 5, the R410A refrigerant is distributed by the switching valve 56, whereby cooling and instantaneous hot water supply can be performed simultaneously. As described above, the CO ₂ cycle 1 can compensate for a decrease in the heating efficiency of the water in the water heat exchanger 32 due to the distribution of the R410A refrigerant. Further, as described above, the exhaust heat of the cooling operation by the R410A cycle 5 can be used in the CO ₂ cycle 1.

In the second embodiment, an outdoor air heat exchanger 131 which is a modification of the outdoor air heat exchanger 13 (see FIG. 3) will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a component diagram of the outdoor air heat exchanger 131 according to the second embodiment.
In the embodiment, the example in which both ends of the pipe 61 and the pipe 62 are arranged at one end of the outdoor air heat exchanger 13 in the outdoor air heat exchanger 13 has been described.
However, as described above, when the pipe 61 and the pipe 62 have different wall thicknesses and pipe diameters, the CO ₂ cycle 1 and the R410A cycle 2 are used when the heat pump type water heater X is assembled. If the pipe is mistakenly connected, the CO ₂ refrigerant flows through the pipe 62 in which sufficient pressure resistance is not ensured. Therefore, in order to prevent such a situation, in the outdoor air heat exchanger 131, both ends (start and end) of the pipe 61 are connected to one end of the heat exchanger 6 and both ends (start and end) of the pipe 62 are connected. Is disposed at the other end of the heat exchanger 6. Thus, by arranging the both ends of the pipe 61 and the both ends of the pipe 62 separately at both ends of the outdoor air heat exchanger 131, it is possible to reduce the possibility of erroneous connection to the reverse cycle.

In the third embodiment, an outdoor unit 106 that is a modification of the outdoor unit 6 (see FIG. 2) will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is an internal configuration diagram of the outdoor unit 106 according to the third embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 7, the outdoor unit 106 includes the compressors 11, 21, the expanders 12 and 22, an outdoor air heat exchanger 132 (an example of a first heat exchanger), and an outdoor air heat exchanger 133. (One example of a first heat exchanger), the blower fan 64 and the like are incorporated. The outdoor air heat exchanger 132 and the outdoor air heat exchanger 133 are arranged so as to be stacked one above the other. Although not shown, the outdoor unit 106 may incorporate the water heat exchanger 32 and the hot water storage tank 31.
Although not shown, the outdoor air heat exchanger 132 has a pipe through which the CO ₂ refrigerant is circulated and a plurality of heat transfer fins through which the pipe is inserted. Heat exchange is performed between the CO ₂ refrigerant circulated in the CO ₂ cycle 1 and the outdoor air. Further, the outdoor air heat exchanger 133 has a pipe through which the R410A refrigerant is circulated and a plurality of heat transfer fins through which the pipe is inserted, and the R410A cycle 2 is passed through the heat transfer fins. Heat exchange is performed between the R410A refrigerant circulated in the air and outdoor air.
As described above, the outdoor air heat exchangers 132 and 133 are both provided in the outdoor unit 106, so that the heat pump type hot water heater X is compared with the case where the outdoor air heat exchangers 132 and 133 are provided as separate outdoor units. The installation space can be saved. Further, since the outdoor air heat exchangers 132 and 133 are built in the common outdoor unit 106, it is possible to reduce the number of components by using the blower fan 64 in common.

In the fourth embodiment, an outdoor unit 206, which is a modified example of the outdoor unit 6 (see FIG. 2), will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 8 is an internal configuration diagram of the outdoor unit 206 according to the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram for explaining another configuration of the outdoor unit 206.
As shown in FIG. 8, the outdoor unit 206 includes the compressors 11, 21, the expanders 12 and 22, an outdoor air heat exchanger 134 (an example of a first heat exchanger), and an outdoor air heat exchanger 135. (One example of a first heat exchanger), the blower fan 64 and the like are incorporated. The outdoor air heat exchanger 134 and the outdoor air heat exchanger 135 are arranged side by side in the direction in which outdoor air is blown by the blower fan 64 (in the direction of arrow S in the figure). Although not shown, the outdoor unit 206 may incorporate the water heat exchanger 32 and the hot water storage tank 31.
Although not shown, the outdoor air heat exchanger 134 has a pipe through which the CO ₂ refrigerant is circulated and a plurality of heat transfer fins through which the pipe is inserted. Heat exchange is performed between the CO ₂ refrigerant circulated in the CO ₂ cycle 1 and the outdoor air. Further, the outdoor air heat exchanger 135 has a pipe through which the R410A refrigerant is circulated and a plurality of heat transfer fins through which the pipe is inserted, and through the heat transfer fins, the R410A cycle 2 Heat exchange is performed between the R410A refrigerant circulated in the air and outdoor air.
Even in such a configuration, since the outdoor air heat exchangers 134 and 135 are provided in the common outdoor unit 206, the outdoor air heat exchangers 134 and 135 are provided as separate outdoor units. Compared to the above, the installation space of the heat pump type hot water heater X can be saved. Further, since the outdoor air heat exchangers 134 and 135 are built in the common outdoor unit 206, the blower fan 64 can be shared to reduce the number of components.

However, in the outdoor unit 206, the air after heat exchange with the CO ₂ refrigerant is performed on the downstream side by the outdoor air heat exchanger 134 disposed on the upstream side in the blowing direction of the outdoor air by the blower fan 64. It becomes the object of heat exchange with the R410A refrigerant in the outdoor air heat exchanger 135 disposed in the room. Therefore, only the heat exchange efficiency of the R410A refrigerant is reduced. Note that when the arrangement of the outdoor air heat exchangers 134 and 135 is reversed, only the heat exchange efficiency of the CO ₂ refrigerant is lowered.
Therefore, as another configuration of the outdoor unit 206, as shown in FIG. 9, the pipe 61 (solid line shown) and the pipe 62 (broken line shown) are connected to the heat transfer fins 63 of the outdoor air heat exchanger 134. In addition, it is conceivable that the heat transfer fins 63 of the outdoor air heat exchanger 135 are alternately inserted every two. According to such a configuration, since both the CO ₂ refrigerant and the R410A refrigerant are heat-exchanged with outdoor air on the upstream side in the blowing direction by the blower fan 64, the heat exchange efficiency of only one of the refrigerants is high. There is no significant decrease. Further, when one of the CO ₂ refrigerant and the R410A refrigerant is used, the heat transfer fins 64 of the outdoor air heat exchanger 134 and the heat transfer fins 64 of the outdoor air heat exchanger 135 are efficiently used. Heat exchange can be performed.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heat pump type water heater X according to an embodiment of the present invention. The internal block diagram of the outdoor unit 6 provided in the heat pump type water heater X which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a component diagram of an outdoor air heat exchanger 13 provided in the outdoor unit 6. The schematic diagram for demonstrating the shape of the piping 61 and the piping 62 provided in the outdoor air heat exchanger 13. FIG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The schematic block diagram of the heat pump type water heater X1 which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. FIG. 6 is a component diagram of an outdoor air heat exchanger 131 that is a modification of the outdoor air heat exchanger 13. The internal block diagram of the outdoor unit 106 which is a modification of the outdoor unit 6. FIG. The internal block diagram of the outdoor unit 206 which is a modification of the outdoor unit 6. FIG. The schematic diagram for demonstrating the other structure of the outdoor unit 206. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 ... heat pump cycle (an example of a first heat pump cycle)
2, 5 ... Heat pump cycle (example of second heat pump cycle)
4 ... indoor air heat exchangers 6, 106, 206 ... outdoor units 11, 21 ... compressors 12, 22, 22a, 22b ... expanders 13, 131 ... outdoor air heat exchangers (an example of a common outdoor air heat exchanger) )
132, 134 ... outdoor air heat exchanger (an example of a first outdoor air heat exchanger)
133, 135 ... outdoor air heat exchanger (an example of a second outdoor air heat exchanger)
14, 25, 33 ... piping 20, 40 ... circulation path 24 ... four-way valve 30a-30d ... flowing water path 31 ... storage tank 32 ... water heat exchangers 41-45, 51-56 ... switching valve 61 ... piping (first Example of piping)
62 ... Piping (an example of the second piping)
63 ... Heat transfer fin (heat transfer plate)
64 ... Blower fan

Claims (10)

A first heat pump cycle in which the first refrigerant is circulated through at least the compressor and the expander, and a second refrigerant having characteristics different from the first refrigerant are circulated through at least the compressor and the expander. A heat pump water heater comprising: two heat pump cycles; and a water heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the first refrigerant and / or the second refrigerant and water,
A heat pump type hot water heater comprising a common outdoor unit that exchanges heat between the first refrigerant and / or the second refrigerant and outdoor air.   The heat pump type hot water heater according to claim 1, wherein the first refrigerant is a carbon dioxide refrigerant, and the second refrigerant is an HFC refrigerant.   The outdoor unit includes a first outdoor air heat exchanger having a first pipe through which the first refrigerant is circulated and a plurality of first heat transfer plates through which the first pipe is inserted; A second outdoor air heat exchanger having a second pipe through which the second refrigerant is circulated and a plurality of second heat transfer plates through which the second pipe is inserted; and the first outdoor air heat The heat pump type hot water heater according to any one of claims 1 and 2, further comprising a common blower fan that blows outdoor air to the exchanger and the second outdoor air heat exchanger.   The heat pump type hot water heater according to claim 3, wherein the first outdoor air heat exchanger and the second outdoor air heat exchanger are arranged in parallel in a blowing direction of outdoor air by the blower fan.   The heat pump type water heater according to claim 4, wherein the first pipe and the second pipe are substantially alternately inserted through the first heat transfer plate and the second heat transfer plate.   The outdoor unit includes a first pipe through which the first refrigerant is circulated, a second pipe through which the second refrigerant is circulated, the first pipe, and the second pipe. A common outdoor air heat exchanger having a heat transfer plate and a common blower fan for blowing outdoor air to the common outdoor air heat exchanger. Heat pump water heater.   The heat pump type hot water heater according to claim 6, wherein the first pipe and the second pipe are arranged so as to penetrate the heat transfer plate substantially alternately.   The heat pump type water heater according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the thickness of the first pipe is larger than the thickness of the second pipe.   The heat pump type hot water heater according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein a pipe diameter of the first pipe is smaller than a pipe diameter of the second pipe.   Either one end of the first pipe or the second pipe is disposed at one end of the common outdoor air heat exchanger, and the other end is disposed at the other end of the common outdoor air heat exchanger. The heat pump type water heater according to any one of claims 8 and 9.

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