JP2007171049A - Measuring method of petroleum hydrocarbon content in soil, and measuring device used therefor - Google Patents
Measuring method of petroleum hydrocarbon content in soil, and measuring device used therefor Download PDFInfo
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この発明は、操作が簡便で、しかも環境に悪影響を与えないで土壌中の石油系炭化水素含有量を測定する方法とこれに使用する測定装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for measuring the content of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil, which is easy to operate and does not adversely affect the environment, and a measuring apparatus used therefor.
石油系炭化水素とは、石油関連施設で扱っている石油製品に由来するものであり、ガソリン、灯油、軽油、Ａ重油、Ｃ重油、潤滑油類（鉱油、合成油）、原油等を構成する炭化水素化合物類であるが、現在土地の用途変更などの際に土壌汚染調査の結果の報告が義務付けられており、その一環として土壌中の石油系炭化水素成分の含有量を調べることが多い。 Petroleum hydrocarbons are derived from petroleum products handled at petroleum-related facilities and constitute gasoline, kerosene, light oil, heavy oil A, heavy fuel oil, lubricating oils (mineral oil, synthetic oil), crude oil, etc. Although it is a hydrocarbon compound, it is now mandatory to report the results of soil contamination surveys when changing land use, and as part of this, the content of petroleum hydrocarbon components in the soil is often examined.
これまでの分析法としては、土壌中の石油系炭化水素成分をｎ−ヘキサンで抽出・分離し、ｎ−ヘキサンを加熱により蒸発させ、残渣物の重量を測定する方法（ｎ−ヘキサン抽出−重量法）、土壌中の石油系炭化水素成分を四塩化炭素にて抽出・分離し、四塩化炭素抽出液の赤外吸収分光分析（ＩＲ）を行ない成分含有量を測定する方法（四塩化炭素抽出−ＩＲ法）、土壌中の石油系炭化水素成分を二硫化炭素にて抽出・分離し、二硫化炭素抽出液をガスクロマトグラフィー（ＧＣ、検出装置ＦＩＤ）にて、分析し、チャートの面積比より成分含有量を測定する方法（二硫化炭素抽出−ＧＣ法）等が知られている。（石油汚染土壌の浄化に関する技術開発報告書 平成１５年３月財団法人石油産業活性化センター発行）。また、土壌中の石油系炭化水素成分をテトラクロロエチレンにて抽出し、その抽出液のＩＲ分析を行ない成分含有量を測定する方法（テトラクロロエチレン抽出−ＩＲ法）等が知られている。（特開2003-294617） As a conventional analysis method, petroleum hydrocarbon components in soil are extracted and separated with n-hexane, n-hexane is evaporated by heating, and the weight of the residue is measured (n-hexane extraction-weight Method), extracting and separating petroleum hydrocarbon components in soil with carbon tetrachloride, and performing infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR) analysis of the carbon tetrachloride extract to measure the component content (carbon tetrachloride extraction) -IR method), extraction and separation of petroleum hydrocarbon components in soil with carbon disulfide, analysis of carbon disulfide extract with gas chromatography (GC, detection device FID), chart area ratio Further, a method for measuring the component content (carbon disulfide extraction-GC method) or the like is known. (Technology development report on purification of oil-contaminated soil, published in March 2003 by the Petroleum Industry Activation Center). Also known is a method (tetrachloroethylene extraction-IR method) or the like in which petroleum hydrocarbon components in soil are extracted with tetrachloroethylene and IR analysis of the extract is performed to measure the component content. (JP 2003-294617)
また、土壌中の炭化水素簡易分析器として採取した土壌の炭化水素を抽出溶媒で抽出し、抽出液の濁度から炭化水素含有量を測定する器具が市販されている。 Moreover, the instrument which extracts the hydrocarbon of the soil extract | collected as a simple hydrocarbon analyzer in soil with an extraction solvent, and measures hydrocarbon content from the turbidity of an extract is marketed.
なお、水中の油分を測定する方法として、水中の油分を抽出溶媒で抽出した後、油分抽出液から抽出溶媒を揮散させ、残留分を燃焼させることにより発生した二酸化炭素から油分を測定する方法が開示されている（特開2003-302316）。
しかし、これらの方法は何れも大気汚染或いは土壌汚染の原因となる抽出液を使用するものであり、したがってこれらの抽出液をそのまま排出すると、環境汚染の原因となる。 However, any of these methods uses an extract that causes air pollution or soil contamination. Therefore, if these extracts are discharged as they are, they cause environmental pollution.
また、これらの抽出液を無害化するには、多くの費用と労力を必要とする。 Moreover, in order to make these extracts harmless, much cost and labor are required.
これに対して抽出液を使用しない方法として、土壌中の軽質の炭化水素留分を加熱により蒸発させ、トラップし（パージアンドトラップ、ＰＴ）、それをＧＣにて分析し、チャートの面積比より油分量を測定する方法（ＰＴ−ＧＣ法）が知られている（前記非特許文献１）。 On the other hand, as a method that does not use the extract, light hydrocarbon fractions in the soil are evaporated by heating, trapped (purge and trap, PT), analyzed by GC, and from the area ratio of the chart A method for measuring the oil content (PT-GC method) is known (Non-Patent Document 1).
しかし、この方法は土壌中に含まれる石油系炭化水素成分が軽質留分である場合に適用される方法であり、軽質留分以外に中重質留分を含む場合、中重質留分については前記した抽出液を使用する二硫化炭素抽出−ＧＣ法を適用する方法（ＰＥＣ法）が採用され（前記非特許文献１）、したがって軽質留分から中重質留分まで幅広い石油系炭化水素成分を含む土壌に対しては従来法では何れも大気汚染或いは土壌汚染の原因となる有機溶媒による抽出操作が用いられていた。 However, this method is applied when the petroleum hydrocarbon component contained in the soil is a light fraction. When the medium heavy fraction is included in addition to the light fraction, Adopts a method of applying the carbon disulfide extraction-GC method (PEC method) using the above-described extract (Non-patent Document 1), and therefore a wide range of petroleum hydrocarbon components from light to medium heavy fractions. In the conventional methods, extraction operations using an organic solvent that causes air pollution or soil contamination have been used for soils containing any of the above.
そこで、この発明は軽質留分から中重質留分まで幅広い石油系炭化水素成分を含む土壌に対して有機溶媒による抽出操作を必要とせず、且つ簡便に石油系炭化水素成分の含有量を測定する方法を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention does not require an extraction operation with an organic solvent for soil containing a wide range of petroleum hydrocarbon components from light fractions to medium heavy fractions, and simply measures the content of petroleum hydrocarbon components. It aims to provide a method.
この発明は、上記実情に鑑み、石油系炭化水素成分を含む土壌を加熱部のサンプル室内に装填して加熱処理して土壌中に含有される該成分を気化させると共に、サンプル室に酸素と窒素の混合ガスを導入し気化された該成分を反応室に送り込んで燃焼させ、これにより発生した二酸化炭素量を測定し、該二酸化炭素量より土壌中に含まれる該成分の含有量を測定することを特徴とする土壌中の石油系炭化水素成分含有量を測定する方法を提案するものである。 In view of the above circumstances, the present invention loads a soil containing a petroleum hydrocarbon component into a sample chamber of a heating unit and heat-treats it to vaporize the component contained in the soil, and oxygen and nitrogen in the sample chamber. The gas mixture is introduced into the reaction chamber and burned, and the amount of carbon dioxide generated is measured, and the content of the component contained in the soil is measured from the amount of carbon dioxide. It proposes a method for measuring the content of petroleum hydrocarbon components in soil characterized by the following.
即ち、この発明では石油系炭化水素成分を含む土壌を加熱部のサンプル室内に装填し加熱処理して土壌中に含有される該成分を気化させると共に、サンプル室に酸素と窒素の混合ガスを導入し気化された該成分を反応室に送り込む。 That is, in the present invention, soil containing petroleum hydrocarbon components is loaded into the sample chamber of the heating unit and heat-treated to vaporize the components contained in the soil, and a mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen is introduced into the sample chamber. The vaporized component is fed into the reaction chamber.
反応室では、石油系炭化水素成分は完全燃焼させられ、構成する炭素は二酸化炭素となり、そこで二酸化炭素量を測定し、該二酸化炭素量より土壌中に含まれる該成分の含有量を下記式（１）に基づいて計測が行われる。 In the reaction chamber, the petroleum hydrocarbon component is completely combusted, and the constituent carbon becomes carbon dioxide, where the amount of carbon dioxide is measured, and the content of the component contained in the soil from the amount of carbon dioxide is expressed by the following formula ( Measurement is performed based on 1).
ＣｍＨｎ＋（ｍ＋ｎ／４）Ｏ２→ｍＣＯ２＋ｎ／２Ｈ２Ｏ （１） C m H n + (m + n / 4) O 2 → mCO 2 + n / 2H 2 O (1)
なお、この発明において酸素と窒素の混合ガスとしては空気をすることもできるが、低濃度汚染の測定において空気を使用する場合には、空気中の二酸化炭素をバックグランドとしてその測定値を補正することが好ましい。 In the present invention, air can be used as the mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen. However, when air is used in the measurement of low-concentration contamination, the measured value is corrected using carbon dioxide in the background as a background. It is preferable.
更に、サンプル室内に装填した土壌の加熱温度としては、２００〜５５０℃、好ましくは２５０〜４５０℃であり、２００℃以下では土壌中に含まれる石油系炭化水素成分の気化が不十分であり、５５０℃以上では土壌中に含まれる炭酸塩類などが燃焼し、二酸化炭素を発生させるためである。 Furthermore, the heating temperature of the soil loaded in the sample chamber is 200 to 550 ° C., preferably 250 to 450 ° C., and vaporization of petroleum hydrocarbon components contained in the soil is insufficient at 200 ° C. or less, This is because, at 550 ° C. or higher, carbonates and the like contained in the soil burn and generate carbon dioxide.
また、測定対象とする石油系炭化水素成分の他に、この発明の測定方法により二酸化炭素を発生する植物等に由来する炭化水素成分を含む土壌を対象とする場合には、その測定値を同一エリアの石油系炭化水素成分を含まないと判断される部位の土壌における測定値をバックグランドとして補正することが好ましい。 In addition to the petroleum-based hydrocarbon component to be measured, when measuring soil containing hydrocarbon components derived from plants or the like that generate carbon dioxide by the measurement method of the present invention, the measurement value is the same. It is preferable to correct the measured value in the soil of the area determined not to contain petroleum hydrocarbon components in the area as the background.
一方、この発明に係わる方法に使用する装置としては、石油系炭化水素成分を含む土壌を装填し、含有する石油系炭化水素成分を気化させる加熱部内に設けられたサンプル室と、内部に酸化触媒層を装填した石油系炭化水素成分の反応室と、上記サンプル室で気化した石油系炭化水素成分を反応室に送り込む送風路と、反応室で発生した二酸化炭素量を測定する二酸化炭素測定部よりなる土壌中の石油系炭化水素含有量測定装置を提供するものである。 On the other hand, as an apparatus used for the method according to the present invention, a sample chamber provided in a heating section for loading a soil containing a petroleum hydrocarbon component and vaporizing the contained petroleum hydrocarbon component, and an oxidation catalyst inside From the reaction chamber of the petroleum hydrocarbon component loaded with the layer, the air passage for sending the petroleum hydrocarbon component vaporized in the sample chamber to the reaction chamber, and the carbon dioxide measuring unit that measures the amount of carbon dioxide generated in the reaction chamber An apparatus for measuring the content of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil is provided.
ここで、反応室内に装填される酸化触媒としては、白金、鉄、パラジウム、酸化チタン等の酸化触媒を例示できるが、これらに限定されるものでなく、石油系炭化水素成分を酸化できる触媒であれば何れでも使用できる。 Here, examples of the oxidation catalyst loaded in the reaction chamber include oxidation catalysts such as platinum, iron, palladium, and titanium oxide. However, the oxidation catalyst is not limited to these, and is a catalyst that can oxidize petroleum hydrocarbon components. Any can be used.
更に、酸化触媒は単体触媒でも担持触媒でもよく、また形態は粉末状、顆粒状、ハニカム状、繊維状など何れでもよい。 Further, the oxidation catalyst may be a single catalyst or a supported catalyst, and the form may be any of powder, granule, honeycomb, fiber and the like.
また、二酸化炭素測定装置としては、ガステック検知器、ＧＣ−ＴＣＤ、ＧＣ−ＨＩＤ、赤外吸収分析装置等を例示できるが、これらに限定されるものでなく、二酸化炭素量を検知できるものであれば何れの二酸化炭素測定装置も使用することができる。 Moreover, as a carbon dioxide measuring apparatus, although a gas tech detector, GC-TCD, GC-HID, an infrared absorption analyzer, etc. can be illustrated, it is not limited to these, It can detect the amount of carbon dioxide. Any carbon dioxide measuring device can be used.
以上要するに、この発明によればサンプル室で気化された土壌中の石油系炭化水素成分を反応室に送り込んで完全燃焼させた結果発生する二酸化炭素量より土壌中に含まれる石油系炭化水素成分含有量が測定されるため、極めて簡単な操作で土壌中に含まれる石油系炭化水素成分の含有量を測定することができる。 In short, according to the present invention, the petroleum hydrocarbon component contained in the soil is contained from the amount of carbon dioxide generated as a result of sending the petroleum hydrocarbon component in the soil vaporized in the sample chamber to the reaction chamber and completely burning it. Since the amount is measured, the content of petroleum hydrocarbon components contained in the soil can be measured by a very simple operation.
また、この発明では抽出溶媒等による抽出液（揮発性有機溶媒）を使用しないため、二次汚染の虞がなく、更に使用された土壌は測定終了後に現場に戻すことができる。 Moreover, in this invention, since the extraction liquid (volatile organic solvent) by an extraction solvent etc. is not used, there is no possibility of secondary contamination, and the used soil can be returned to the site after the measurement is completed.
なお、これまで土壌中に含まれる石油系炭化水素成分の測定について説明したが、この発明は石油系炭化水素の測定に限らず、これと同類の土壌中に含まれる炭化水素成分の測定に適用できることは勿論である。 Although the measurement of petroleum hydrocarbon components contained in soil has been described so far, the present invention is not limited to the measurement of petroleum hydrocarbons, and is applicable to the measurement of hydrocarbon components contained in similar soils. Of course you can.
電気炉内に設けられたサンプル室内にサンプル土壌を装填し、加熱処理して土壌中に含まれる石油系炭化水素成分を気化させ、更にサンプル室の先端部の送風路には酸素と窒素の混合ガスを導入してサンプル室にて気化した石油系炭化水素成分を酸化触媒が装填された反応室に送り込み、完全燃焼させ、発生した二酸化炭素量を測定し、該二酸化炭素量より土壌中に含まれる該成分の含有量を計測する。 Sample soil is loaded into the sample chamber provided in the electric furnace, heat treated to vaporize petroleum hydrocarbon components contained in the soil, and oxygen and nitrogen mixed in the air passage at the tip of the sample chamber Petroleum hydrocarbon components vaporized in the sample chamber by introducing gas are sent to the reaction chamber loaded with the oxidation catalyst, completely combusted, and the amount of carbon dioxide generated is measured and contained in the soil from the amount of carbon dioxide The content of the component to be measured is measured.
以下、この発明を図示の実施例に基づいて詳細に説明する。勿論、本発明は実施例に限定されるものではない。図１はこの発明に係わる測定装置を示すものであり、1a、1bは電気炉、２は電気炉1a内に設けられたサンプル室、３は電気炉1b内に設けられた反応室、４は反応室３内に装填された酸化触媒層、5aはその後端部をサンプル室２の先端部に接続される送風路、5bはその先端部をサンプル室２の後端部に接続し、その後端部を反応室３の先端部に接続した送風路、６は反応室３内で発生した二酸化炭素量を測定する二酸化炭素測定装置である。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on illustrated embodiments. Of course, the present invention is not limited to the examples. FIG. 1 shows a measuring apparatus according to the present invention. 1a and 1b are electric furnaces, 2 is a sample chamber provided in the electric furnace 1a, 3 is a reaction chamber provided in the electric furnace 1b, and 4 is The oxidation catalyst layer loaded in the reaction chamber 3, 5 a is a blowing path whose rear end is connected to the front end of the sample chamber 2, and 5 b is its rear end connected to the rear end of the sample chamber 2, and its rear end An air passage connecting the part to the tip of the reaction chamber 3, 6 is a carbon dioxide measuring device for measuring the amount of carbon dioxide generated in the reaction chamber 3.
なお、この実施例では酸化触媒層４を構成する酸化触媒としてはPt0.3wt%−アルミナ担持触媒が使用され、二酸化炭素測定装置６としてはガステック検知管が使用される。 In this embodiment, a Pt 0.3 wt% -alumina-supported catalyst is used as the oxidation catalyst constituting the oxidation catalyst layer 4, and a gas tech detector tube is used as the carbon dioxide measuring device 6.
以上の装置を使用した土壌中の石油系炭化水素含有量の測定手順としては、例えば（１）サンプル室２内には秤量採取した土壌を装填し、（２）電気炉1aによりサンプル土壌を加熱し、同時に送風路5aより酸素と窒素の混合ガスを送り込んで土壌中に含まれる石油系炭化水素成分を気化させ、（３）気化された石油系炭化水素成分を上記混合ガスと共に送風路5bを通して反応室３に導入し、（４）反応室３内では気化成分は混合ガス中の酸素により酸化され完全燃焼して、二酸化炭素が発生し、（５）発生した二酸化炭素の量は二酸化炭素測定装置６で測定され、（６）式（１）を用いて測定された二酸化炭素量より土壌中の炭化水素含有量が計測される。 As a procedure for measuring the content of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil using the above apparatus, for example, (1) The sampled soil is loaded into the sample chamber 2, and (2) the sample soil is heated by the electric furnace 1a. At the same time, a mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen is sent from the air passage 5a to vaporize the petroleum hydrocarbon components contained in the soil, and (3) the vaporized petroleum hydrocarbon components together with the mixed gas are passed through the air passage 5b. (4) In the reaction chamber 3, the vaporized component is oxidized by oxygen in the mixed gas and completely burned to generate carbon dioxide. (5) The amount of generated carbon dioxide is measured by carbon dioxide. The hydrocarbon content in the soil is measured from the amount of carbon dioxide measured by the apparatus 6 and measured using the equation (1).
なお、上記（２）の手順において電気炉1aは予め加熱しておいても、送風路5aより酸素と窒素の混合ガスを送り込むと同時に昇温してもよい。 In the procedure (2), the electric furnace 1a may be heated in advance, or may be heated at the same time as a mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen is fed from the air passage 5a.
次に、土壌中の含油分気化実験と本発明による測定方法と測定装置を用いて含軽油汚染土壌中の総石油系炭化水素（ＴＰＨ）濃度を測定した結果を以下に示す。 Next, the result of measuring the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration in the light oil-contaminated soil using the oil-containing vaporization experiment in the soil and the measuring method and measuring apparatus according to the present invention is shown below.
（１）
土壌中の油分気化実験
図２は土壌中の油分気化実験装置の概略図であり、容積300mlの反応管内に石英ウールを充填しその中央に土壌サンプル10g(8ml)を装填し、反応管の一端から一定量の酸素と窒素の混合ガスを送り込むとともに電気炉により土壌サンプルをそれぞれの設定温度に昇温、保持、冷却して土壌サンプル中に含まれる石油系炭化水素成分を気化させる。気化終了後、それぞれの設定温度における土壌サンプル中の油分残存量を二硫化炭素抽出−GC法で測定しその単位はmg/Kgで表した。
(1)
Oil vaporization experiment in soil Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an oil vaporization experiment apparatus in soil. A reaction tube with a capacity of 300 ml is filled with quartz wool, and 10 g (8 ml) of a soil sample is loaded in the center. Then, a certain amount of oxygen and nitrogen mixed gas is fed in, and the soil sample is heated, held, and cooled to the respective set temperature by an electric furnace to vaporize petroleum hydrocarbon components contained in the soil sample. After completion of vaporization, the residual oil content in the soil samples at each set temperature was measured by carbon disulfide extraction-GC method, and the unit was expressed in mg / Kg.
１．対象土壌：含軽油汚染土壌、含重質油汚染土壌
含軽油汚染土壌は、砂に製品軽油を添加して調製した。
含重質油汚染土壌は、砂に製品Ｃ重油を添加して調製した。
２．実験条件
使用する混合ガス ボンベガス（酸素と窒素の混合ガス、酸素濃度20.9vol%）
ガス流量 2000Nml/min.
土壌量に対する GHSV15000［hr−１］（土壌8ml）
昇温時間 設定温度まで15min.
保持時間 10min.
冷却 10min.
３．実験結果
含軽油汚染土壌についての実験結果を図３に、含重質油汚染土壌についての実験結果を図４に示す。
1. Target soil: light oil-contaminated soil, heavy oil-contaminated soil Light oil-contaminated soil was prepared by adding product light oil to sand.
Heavy oil-contaminated soil was prepared by adding product C heavy oil to sand.
2. Mixed gas cylinder gas used in the experimental conditions (mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen, oxygen concentration 20.9vol%)
Gas flow rate 2000Nml / min.
GHSV15000 [hr -1 ] to soil volume (8ml soil)
Temperature rise time 15 min.
Holding time 10min.
Cooling 10min.
3. Experimental Results FIG. 3 shows the experimental results for the light oil-contaminated soil, and FIG. 4 shows the experimental results for the heavy oil-contaminated soil.
以上の実験条件において含軽油汚染土壌については含軽油分が１５０℃以上で完全に気化され、含重質油汚染土壌については含重質油分が２００℃以上で完全に気化された。 Under the above experimental conditions, the light oil content of the light oil-contaminated soil was completely vaporized at 150 ° C or higher, and the heavy oil content of the heavy oil-contaminated soil was completely vaporized at 200 ° C or higher.
（２）本発明による測定方法と測定装置を用いた含軽油汚染土壌ＴＰＨ測定
含軽油汚染土壌ＴＰＨ測定は図１に示す装置を用いて次のように行った。即ち、容積3.7mlのサンプル室２内に石英ウールを充填してその中央に土壌サンプル1g(0.8ml)を装填し、電気炉1aによりサンプル土壌を所定温度に加熱し、同時に送風路5aより酸素と窒素の混合ガスを送り込んで土壌中に含まれる石油系炭化水素成分を気化させ、反応室３に送り込む、一方反応室３では酸化触媒層を装填し、電気炉1bにより酸化触媒層を所定温度に加熱し、気化成分を完全燃焼させて発生した二酸化炭素をスタート時（燃焼開始時）から１５分間テドラーバックに捕集してその量を測定する。
(2) Measurement of light oil-contaminated soil TPH using the measuring method and measuring apparatus according to the present invention The light oil-contaminated soil TPH measurement was performed as follows using the apparatus shown in FIG. That is, a sample chamber 2 having a volume of 3.7 ml is filled with quartz wool, and 1 g (0.8 ml) of a soil sample is charged in the center thereof. A mixed gas of nitrogen and nitrogen is sent to vaporize petroleum hydrocarbon components contained in the soil and sent to the reaction chamber 3, while the reaction chamber 3 is loaded with an oxidation catalyst layer, and the oxidation catalyst layer is heated to a predetermined temperature by the electric furnace 1b. Then, carbon dioxide generated by completely burning the vaporized component is collected in a Tedlar bag for 15 minutes from the start (combustion start), and the amount thereof is measured.
１．実験条件
使用する混合ガス ボンベガス（酸素と窒素の混合ガス、酸素濃度20.9vol%）
酸化触媒 Pt0.3wt％−アルミナ担持触媒
触媒粒径 0.71mm〜1mm
触媒層体積（容積） 4ml (触媒重量2.05g)
触媒温度 800℃（電気炉1bの実測値）
土壌サンプルの加熱温度 400℃（電気炉1aの実測値）
ガス流量 20Nml/min.
土壌サンプル量に対する GHSV 1500［hr−１］（土壌0.8ml）
触媒量に対するGHSV300［hr―１］
２．発生した二酸化炭素の量 1.002×10４mg/Kg
３．実験結果
ガソリン、軽油、Ａ重油のＣ／Ｈの測定値を平均化した値に基づいて上記（１）式のｍ（ｍ＝１）、ｎ（ｎ＝1.8）を求め、この実験式に基づいて上記二酸化炭素の測定量よりＴＰＨ濃度を算出した（本発明法）。含軽油汚染土壌のＴＰＨ濃度、本発明法により測定した後の土壌のＴＰＨ濃度及び本発明法により測定したＴＰＨ濃度を図５に示す。
1. Experimental conditions Mixed gas cylinder gas used (mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen, oxygen concentration 20.9vol%)
Oxidation catalyst Pt 0.3wt%-Alumina supported catalyst Catalyst particle size 0.71mm ~ 1mm
Catalyst layer volume (volume) 4ml (catalyst weight 2.05g)
Catalyst temperature 800 ℃ (actual value of electric furnace 1b)
Heating temperature of soil sample 400 ℃ (actual value of electric furnace 1a)
Gas flow rate 20Nml / min.
GHSV 1500 [hr -1 ] to soil sample volume (0.8 ml soil)
GHSV300 [hr -1 ] for the amount of catalyst
2. Amount of carbon dioxide generated 1.002 × 10 4 mg / Kg
3. Experimental results Based on the values obtained by averaging the measured values of C / H of gasoline, light oil, and heavy oil A, m (m = 1) and n (n = 1.8) in the above equation (1) are obtained. Then, the TPH concentration was calculated from the measured amount of carbon dioxide (method of the present invention). FIG. 5 shows the TPH concentration of the light oil-contaminated soil, the TPH concentration of the soil measured by the method of the present invention, and the TPH concentration measured by the method of the present invention.
図５において、含軽油汚染土壌は、軽油汚染土壌中のＴＰＨ濃度を二硫化炭素抽出−ＧＣ法で測定したＴＰＨ濃度の結果を示すものであり、本発明法測定後土壌は本発明法により測定した後の土壌を二硫化炭素抽出−ＧＣ法で測定したＴＰＨ濃度の結果を示すものであり、本発明法は本発明法により測定したＴＰＨ濃度の結果を示すものである。 In FIG. 5, the light oil-contaminated soil indicates the result of the TPH concentration obtained by measuring the TPH concentration in the light oil-contaminated soil by the carbon disulfide extraction-GC method. The result of the TPH concentration measured by the carbon disulfide extraction-GC method is shown for the soil after the treatment, and the method of the present invention shows the result of the TPH concentration measured by the method of the present invention.
これによれば、土壌中の石油系炭化水素は気化し完全に排出された。本発明法により測定したＴＰＨ濃度は、含軽油汚染土壌を二硫化炭素抽出−ＧＣ法で測定したＴＰＨ濃度と一致した。 According to this, petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil were vaporized and exhausted completely. The TPH concentration measured by the method of the present invention coincided with the TPH concentration measured from the gas-containing oil-contaminated soil by the carbon disulfide extraction-GC method.
即ち、この発明法によれば土壌中に含まれていた石油系炭化水素は気化され、燃焼によって二酸化炭素に変換され、従って、この二酸化炭素を測定することにより土壌中に含まれていたＴＰＨを測定することが出来る。 That is, according to the method of the present invention, petroleum-based hydrocarbons contained in the soil are vaporized and converted into carbon dioxide by combustion. Therefore, by measuring the carbon dioxide, the TPH contained in the soil is removed. It can be measured.
以上要するに、この発明によれば操作が簡便で、しかも二次汚染の虞のない土壌中の石油系炭化水素成分含有量を測定する方法とこれに使用する装置を提供できる。 In short, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for measuring the content of petroleum hydrocarbon components in soil which is easy to operate and has no risk of secondary contamination, and an apparatus used therefor.
1a、1bは電気炉
２はサンプル室
３は反応室
４は酸化触媒層
5a、5bは送風路
６は二酸化炭素測定装置
1a and 1b are electric furnaces 2 are sample chambers 3 are reaction chambers 4 are oxidation catalyst layers
5a and 5b are air passages 6 is a carbon dioxide measuring device
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008304316A (en) * | 2007-06-07 | 2008-12-18 | Showa Shell Sekiyu Kk | Method for measuring amount of components contained in soil |
| JP2010133918A (en) * | 2008-04-10 | 2010-06-17 | Showa Shell Sekiyu Kk | Vaporizer for measuring content of hydrocarbon component contained in soil |
| JP2011220985A (en) * | 2010-04-06 | 2011-11-04 | Daiki Rika Kogyo Kk | Apparatus for extraction of volatile substance in soil |
| CN106404448A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-02-15 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Systematized sampling method of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated site soil |
| CN113533683A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-10-22 | 广东新泓环境咨询有限公司 | Surface soil petroleum hydrocarbon pollution early warning method and system |
| CN114280216A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-05 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Oil sand oil content determination method |
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| JPH05302920A (en) * | 1992-04-24 | 1993-11-16 | Shimadzu Corp | Carbon measuring apparatus |
| JPH06222054A (en) * | 1993-01-22 | 1994-08-12 | Shimizu Corp | Method and apparatus for field investigation of contaminated soil containing volatile compound |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH05302920A (en) * | 1992-04-24 | 1993-11-16 | Shimadzu Corp | Carbon measuring apparatus |
| JPH06222054A (en) * | 1993-01-22 | 1994-08-12 | Shimizu Corp | Method and apparatus for field investigation of contaminated soil containing volatile compound |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008304316A (en) * | 2007-06-07 | 2008-12-18 | Showa Shell Sekiyu Kk | Method for measuring amount of components contained in soil |
| JP2010133918A (en) * | 2008-04-10 | 2010-06-17 | Showa Shell Sekiyu Kk | Vaporizer for measuring content of hydrocarbon component contained in soil |
| JP2011220985A (en) * | 2010-04-06 | 2011-11-04 | Daiki Rika Kogyo Kk | Apparatus for extraction of volatile substance in soil |
| CN106404448A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-02-15 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Systematized sampling method of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated site soil |
| CN113533683A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-10-22 | 广东新泓环境咨询有限公司 | Surface soil petroleum hydrocarbon pollution early warning method and system |
| CN114280216A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-05 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Oil sand oil content determination method |
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