JP2007168359A - Soil kneading machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain kneaded clay with good quality by reducing generation of abraded powder generated accompanied with the rotation of a kneading shaft, at the same time, capable of supporting a kneading shaft as freely rotatable at a partition wall of a vacuum room on a soil kneading machine in which the vacuum room is constituted by aspirating and exhausting the air in the kneading room. <P>SOLUTION: The kneading machine comprises a kneading shaft 11a and 11b for kneading a clay by rotating and being crossing and inserted in a first and a second kneading room respectively 3, 4, an exhausting mechanism 41 for absorbing and exhausting the gas in the second kneading room 4, wherein an inserting hole for keeping the kneading shaft 11a and 11b inserted is formed at a partition wall 43 constituting the first and the second kneading room 3, 4, a gap in a radial direction is constituted between an inner periphery of the inserting hole and an outer periphery of the kneading shaft 11a and 11b, and a shielding plate 11c and 11d covering the inserting hole opposing the edge of the shielding wall 43 through a gap in the shaft direction is installed at the side of the second kneading room 4 at the kneading shaft 11a and 11b. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a clay kneader for kneading clay as a material for ceramic products.

  Conventionally, it has a kneading chamber for kneading clay, a casing provided with an inlet for charging clay toward the kneading chamber and a discharge port for discharging the kneaded clay, and a self-centered axis disposed in the kneading chamber A kneading shaft that rotates around and pushes toward the discharge port while kneading the clay with a spiral projection formed on the peripheral surface, and crushes and kneads the clay that has been thrown into the kneading chamber from the charging port A clay kneader is known that uniformly disperses the water inside and degass the air present in the clay to make the clay suitable for pottery.

In addition, a clay kneader (vacuum kneader) is known in which a vacuum chamber is configured by sucking and discharging air in a kneading chamber in order to remove air contained in clay. In some cases, a kneading shaft is provided across the vacuum chamber, and the kneading shaft is rotatably supported by a partition wall constituting the vacuum chamber (for example, see Patent Document 1).
JP 2000-263540 A

  In general, the above-described vacuum kneader is configured such that the kneading shaft slides against the partition wall in order to form a vacuum chamber. According to this configuration, wear powder is generated with the rotation of the kneading shaft, and the wear powder is mixed into the clay, thereby impairing the quality of the kneaded clay (hereinafter referred to as kneaded clay) or the degree of vacuum. There was a risk of damage.

  Accordingly, the present invention provides a kneading machine that sucks and discharges air in a kneading chamber and constitutes a vacuum chamber, and the kneading shaft can be rotatably supported by a partition wall of the vacuum chamber and wear accompanying rotation of the kneading shaft. An object is to obtain a kneaded clay having a good quality by reducing generation of powder.

  The invention according to claim 1, which has been made to achieve the above object, is a clay kneader, wherein a first kneading chamber filled with clay from the outside in a casing, and a partition wall in the first kneading chamber A second kneading chamber filled with the clay from the first kneading chamber and through the first and second kneading chambers through a through hole formed in the partition wall. A kneading shaft that is inserted and rotated to knead the clay; and a discharge mechanism that sucks and discharges the gas in the second kneading chamber, and the partition is inserted through the kneading shaft. A hole is formed, and a radial gap is formed between the inner diameter of the insertion hole and the outer diameter of the kneading shaft. The kneading shaft has a gap in the axial direction on the second kneading chamber side. A shielding plate is provided to face the end face of the partition wall and cover the insertion hole.

  According to the kneader according to claim 1, the partition wall is formed with an insertion hole through which the kneading shaft is inserted, and a radial gap is formed between the inner diameter of the insertion hole and the outer diameter of the kneading shaft. The kneading shaft is provided with a shielding plate that faces the end face of the partition wall through the gap in the axial direction on the second kneading chamber side and covers the insertion hole. Clay flows in between the insertion hole and the kneading shaft, the inflowing clay is blocked by a shielding plate, the kneading shaft is rotatably supported by the partition wall via the clay, and the kneading shaft rotates. The generation of abrasion powder at the time can be reduced, and high-quality kneaded clay can be obtained.

  Further, according to the clay kneader according to claim 1, the density of the clay flowing into the second kneading chamber side from the gap between the insertion hole of the partition wall and the kneading shaft is increased by the shielding plate. The gas can be prevented from flowing into the second kneading chamber from the first kneading chamber, the vacuum degree in the second kneading chamber can be maintained within a predetermined range, and a high-quality kneaded clay can be obtained. be able to.

  Further, according to the clay kneader according to claim 1, the clay that has flowed into the gap between the insertion hole of the partition wall and the kneading shaft from the first kneading chamber does not stay in the gap, and is formed between the shielding plate and the partition wall. Since it continues to flow from the axial gap toward the second kneading chamber, the kneading shaft can be smoothly rotated over a long period without being affected by the aging of the clay flowing into the radial and axial gaps. It is possible to obtain a high-quality kneaded clay.

  Further, in the kneader according to claim 1, as in the invention according to claim 2, the outer shape of the shielding plate is configured along the inner diameter direction of the insertion hole, and in the radial direction, the insertion hole By being configured to be located outside and through the through hole, clay can be smoothly filled from the first kneading chamber to the second kneading chamber through the through hole, The density and flow of clay in the radial gap and the axial gap can be stably maintained.

  Further, in the clay kneader according to claim 1 or 2, as in the invention according to claim 3, the shielding plate is slidably fixed in the axial direction of the kneading shaft, and the gap in the axial direction is By adjusting the degree of vacuum in the second kneading chamber, the axial gap can be adjusted as necessary.

  In the kneader of the present invention, the partition wall is formed with an insertion hole through which the kneading shaft is inserted, and a radial gap is formed between the inner diameter of the insertion hole and the outer diameter of the kneading shaft. Since the second kneading chamber is provided with a shielding plate that opposes the end face of the partition wall through a gap in the axial direction and covers the insertion hole, the kneading of the partition wall with the insertion hole of the partition wall is performed. Clay flows in between the shaft, the clay that flowed in is blocked by a shielding plate, the kneading shaft is supported by the partition wall via the clay, and wear powder is generated when the kneading shaft rotates. And good quality kneaded clay can be obtained.

  Further, the clay kneader of the present invention increases the density of the clay flowing into the second kneading chamber side from the gap between the insertion hole of the partition wall and the kneading shaft by the shielding plate. It is possible to prevent gas from flowing from the kneading chamber into the second kneading chamber, maintain the degree of vacuum in the second kneading chamber within a predetermined range, and obtain high-quality kneaded clay.

  Further, the clay kneader of the present invention allows the clay flowing from the first kneading chamber to the gap between the partition insertion hole and the kneading shaft not to stay in the gap, but from the axial gap between the shielding plate and the partition. Secondly, since it continues to flow toward the kneading chamber, it is possible to smoothly maintain the rotation of the kneading shaft over a long period of time without being affected by the aging of the clay flowing into the radial and axial gaps. The kneaded clay can be obtained.

  Further, the kneader of the present invention is configured such that the outer shape of the shielding plate is configured along the inner diameter direction of the insertion hole, and is positioned outside the insertion hole and inside the through hole in the radial direction. By being configured, clay can be filled from the first kneading chamber to the second kneading chamber through the through hole, and the density and flow of the clay in the radial gap and the axial gap can be stabilized. Can be maintained. Further, the clay kneader of the present invention is configured such that the shielding plate is slidably fixed in the axial direction of the kneading shaft and can adjust the gap in the axial direction. The degree of vacuum in the second kneading chamber can be adjusted by adjusting the gap.

  Next, an embodiment of the kneading machine of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a clay kneader according to an embodiment of the present invention from the front direction, FIG. 2 is an external view of the clay kneader according to the embodiment from above, and FIG. 4A is a detailed view of a portion P in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4B is a YY sectional view in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the clay kneader 1 of the present embodiment is fixed on a base 2, and a first kneading chamber 3 and a partition wall 43 in which clay is put into a casing 8 via a hopper 13. A second kneading chamber 4 configured through the above, a discharge mechanism 41 for sucking and discharging the gas in the second kneading chamber 4, a nozzle 7 for discharging clay pressed from the second kneading chamber 4, and a first A kneading shaft that is inserted through one kneading chamber 3 and the second kneading chamber 4, rotates around its own axis, and presses the clay toward the discharge port 7 a while kneading the clay with the spiral protrusion 9. 11a, 11b, etc. are provided.

  The kneading shafts 11a and 11b are arranged side by side with a predetermined gap on the side orthogonal to the front of FIG.

  The clay kneader 1 is connected to the discharge mechanism 41 that sucks and discharges the gas in the second kneading chamber 4, the operation switch 44 of the discharge mechanism 41, and the first kneading chamber 3. A hopper 13 to be charged, a press-fitting mechanism 15 for press-fitting clay put into the hopper 13 into the kneading chamber 3, a drive motor 12 for rotating the kneading shafts 11a and 11b, a power switch 16 of the drive motor 12, and the like are provided. ing. The hopper lid 5 is detachably engaged with the upper opening of the hopper 13.

  Further, at one end of the casing 8, the nozzle 7 is disposed coaxially with the casing 8 and is fixed by bolts (reference numerals 50 and 51 in FIG. 3). On the other hand, at the other end of the casing 8, a holder 38 that rotatably supports the base end portions of the kneading shafts 11a and 11b is fixed coaxially with the casing 8 by bolts (reference numerals 54 and 55 in FIG. 3). Further, on the opposite side of the casing 8 through the holder 38, a support plate 39 that rotatably supports the base end sides of the kneading shafts 11a and 11b and rotatably supports a relay gear 29 described later is provided. 38. As shown in FIG. 4B, the casing 8 is divided into upper and lower casings 8 a and 8 b, and the casings 8 a and 8 b are integrally fixed by bolts 56 and 57.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the motor gear 26 is fixed to the rotating shaft 12 a of the drive motor 12, and the motor gear 26 is engaged with the relay gear 29. The relay gear 29 is rotatably supported by a rotating shaft 29a fixed to the support plate 39 via a ball bearing.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a kneading shaft gear 27 is connected to the kneading shaft 11a, and a kneading shaft gear 28 is connected to the kneading shaft 11b so that they can be rotated. The kneading shaft 11a and the kneading shaft 11b are parallel to each other. It is arranged. The kneading shafts 11a and 11b are configured to receive the rotational driving force of the drive motor 12 via the motor gear 26, the relay gear 29, and the kneading shaft gears 27 and 28 and rotate in opposite directions. . A cover 49 that covers the gear group is fixed to the support plate 39 with bolts 60.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the press-fitting mechanism 15 is disposed above the casing 8 at a position horizontally facing the hopper 13, and is connected to the outer wall of the hopper 13 via the connecting member 14. An operating lever 18 provided so that one end of the shaft 17 is pivotably engaged with the support shaft 17 and the shaft can swing from a substantially upright position to a substantially horizontal position with the support shaft 17 as a fulcrum. It is connected to the operating lever 18 via a connecting rod 21, and is put into and out of the hopper 13 as the operating lever 18 swings, and the presser plate 20 for pressing the clay in the hopper 13 into the kneading chamber 4 and the shaft 21 a. The control lever 18 is rotatably supported and includes a connecting rod 21 that connects the presser plate 20 and the control lever 18.

  The press-fitting mechanism 15 having the above-described configuration allows the presser plate 20 to enter the hopper 13 when the operator turns the operation lever 18 clockwise about the support shaft 17 after putting the clay into the hopper 13. The clay is inserted and slid downward, and the clay in the hopper 13 is pressed into the first kneading chamber 3.

  The press-fitting mechanism 15 includes a cam 22 that engages with the operation lever 18 and rotates together with the operation lever 18, and a cam coupling shaft 23 that is disposed vertically in the axial direction and has an upper end that contacts the outer peripheral surface of the cam 22. The connecting shaft guide member 24 is fixed to the upper surface of the holder 38, and the cam connecting shaft 23 is slidably inserted therethrough.

  In addition, a limit switch 25 is mounted in the holder 38 to transmit the movement of the cam connecting shaft 23 in the vertical direction and to switch the stop and release of the drive motor 12. The limit switch 25 starts driving of the drive motor 12 at a shielding position where the pressing plate 20 shields the opening above the hopper 13 as the operation lever 18 swings from the upright position to the horizontal position. The drive motor 12 is configured to stop in a range where the operation lever 18 extends from the upright position to the shielding position.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the discharge mechanism 41 is connected to the cylindrical chamber 42 connected to the upper portion of the second kneading chamber 4, one end penetrating through the peripheral wall of the cylindrical chamber 42, A pipe 47 whose other end is connected to a compressor (not shown), the other end of the pipe 47 is connected, and a compressor (not shown) for sucking gas in the cylindrical chamber 42 and the second kneading chamber 4 through the pipe 47 The gas pressure meter 45 measures the gas pressure in the cylindrical chamber 42, and includes a switch 44 for switching between starting and stopping of a compressor (not shown).

  The second kneading chamber 4 and the cylindrical chamber 42 are connected to each other through the opening hole 8c so as to allow ventilation. Further, between the second kneading chamber 4 and the cylindrical chamber 42, the clay in the second kneading chamber 4 rises into the cylindrical chamber 42 by the suction force of the discharge mechanism 41, and the gas suction force is increased. A partition 8d is formed so as not to be damaged.

  Next, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the partition wall 43 is divided into upper and lower parts, and is configured by partition walls 43 a and 43 b, and the partition walls 43 a and 43 b are integrally fixed by bolts 58 and 59.

  An insertion hole 43k through which the kneading shafts 11a and 11b are inserted is formed in the partition wall 43, and a radial gap S1 is formed between the inner diameter of the insertion hole 43k and the outer diameter of the kneading shafts 11a and 11b. . Further, the partition wall 43 is provided with a plurality of through holes 43h coaxially with the insertion holes 43k, and from the first kneading chamber 3 through the through holes 43h as the kneading shafts 11a and 11b rotate. The clay is extruded into the kneading chamber 4.

  On the second kneading chamber 4 side, the kneading shaft is provided with shielding plates 11c and 11d that face the end face of the partition wall 43 through the gap S2 in the axial direction and cover the insertion hole.

  The outer shape of the shielding plate is formed circularly along the inner diameter direction of the insertion hole, and is configured to be positioned outside the insertion hole 43k and inside the through hole 43h in the radial direction. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the shielding plates 11 c and 11 d have their peripheral ends sandwiched between the casings 8 in the axial direction and fixed.

  In addition, in order to stably maintain the degree of vacuum in the second kneading chamber 4, the inventor of the present invention has an inner diameter of the insertion hole 43k of about 36 mm, S1 of about 3 mm, and outer diameters of the shielding plates 11c and 11d. The conditions were found to be approximately 50 mm and S2 of 4 mm.

  Below, the effect of the kneader 1 of the Example which has the said structure is described.

  According to the kneading machine 1 described in the embodiment, the partition wall 43 is formed with insertion holes 43k through which the kneading shafts 11a and 11b are inserted, and the inner diameter of the insertion holes 43k and the outer diameters of the kneading shafts 11a and 11b. A radial gap S1 is formed between them, and the kneading shafts 11a and 11b are opposed to the end face of the partition wall 43 via the gap S2 in the axial direction on the second kneading chamber 4 side and cover the insertion hole 43k. Since the shielding plates 11c and 11d are provided, when the clay is kneaded, the clay flows between the insertion hole 43k of the partition wall 43 and the kneading shafts 11a and 11b, and the clay that flows in the shielding plates 11c and 11d. The kneading shafts 11a and 11b are rotatably supported by the partition wall 43 via clay, and the generation of wear powder when the kneading shafts 11a and 11b rotate can be reduced to obtain high quality kneaded clay. be able to.

  Further, according to the clay kneader 1 described in the embodiment, the clay that has flowed into the second kneading chamber 4 side from the gap S1 between the insertion hole 43k of the partition wall 43 and the kneading shafts 11a and 11b by the shielding plates 11c and 11d. Is increased so that gas does not flow from the first kneading chamber 3 into the second kneading chamber 4 through the gap S1, and the degree of vacuum in the second kneading chamber 4 can be suppressed. Can be maintained within a predetermined range, and a high-quality kneaded clay can be obtained.

  Moreover, according to the clay kneader 1 described in the embodiment, the clay flowing into the gap S1 between the insertion hole 43k of the partition wall 43 and the kneading shafts 11a and 11b from the first kneading chamber 3 remains in the gap S1. Since the flow continues from the axial gap S2 between the shielding plates 11c, 11d and the partition wall 43 to the second kneading chamber 4 side, the time-dependent change of the clay flowing into the radial gap S1 and the axial gap S2 Without being affected by this, the rotation of the kneading shafts 11a and 11b can be maintained smoothly over a long period of time, and a high-quality kneaded clay can be obtained.

  Moreover, according to the kneading machine 1 described in the embodiment, the outer shape of the shielding plates 11c and 11d is configured along the inner diameter direction of the insertion hole 43k, and is positioned outside the insertion hole 43k in the radial direction. By being configured to be located inside the through hole 43h, clay can be filled from the first kneading chamber 3 to the second kneading chamber 4 through the through hole 43h, and the radial gap S1 and The density and flow of the clay in the axial gap S2 can be stably maintained.

  As mentioned above, although one Example of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said Example, It can take a various aspect. For example, in this embodiment, the shielding plates 11c and 11d are integrally provided with the kneading shafts 11a and 11b, but each is constituted by a separate part, and the kneading shafts 11a and 11b are slidably engaged with the shielding plates 11c and 11d. The insertion holes may be provided so that they can be fixed with bolts or the like at predetermined positions in the axial direction. Thereby, the shielding plates 11c and 11d can be slid in the axial direction of the kneading shafts 11a and 11b as necessary, and the degree of vacuum in the second kneading chamber 4 can be adjusted by adjusting the axial gap S2.

  In this embodiment, the opposing surfaces of the shielding plates 11c and 11d that oppose the partition wall 43 are formed as flat surfaces, but may be formed as curved surfaces so that the outer diameter side is close to the partition wall. Thereby, the flow resistance and density of the clay in the gaps S2 and S1 can be adjusted.

It is sectional drawing represented from the front direction of the kneading machine with which this invention was applied. It is the external view which represented the clay machine of the Example from the upper direction. It is YY sectional drawing in FIG. (A) is the P section detailed drawing in Drawing 1, (b) is a YY sectional view in Drawing (a).

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Kneading machine, 2 ... Base, 3 ... 1st kneading chamber, 4 ... 2nd kneading chamber, 5 ... Hopper lid, 7 ... Nozzle, 7a ... Discharge port, 8, 8a, 8b ... Casing, 8c DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Open hole, 8d ... Partition, 9 ... Spiral protrusion, 11a, 11b ... Kneading shaft, 11c, 11d ... Shielding plate, 12 ... Drive motor, 12a, 29a ... Rotating shaft, 13 ... Hopper, 14 ... Connecting member, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 ... Press fit mechanism, 16 ... Power switch, 17 ... Support shaft, 18 ... Operation lever, 20 ... Holding plate, 21 ... Connecting rod, 21a ... Shaft, 22 ... Cam, 23 ... Cam connecting shaft, 24 ... Connecting shaft guide member 25 ... limit switch, 26 ... motor gear, 27, 28 ... kneading shaft gear, 29 ... relay gear, 29a ... rotating shaft, 38 ... holder, 39 ... support plate, 49 ... cover, 41 ... discharge mechanism, 42 ... cylinder 43, 43a, 43b ... partition walls, 43h ... through holes, 43k ... insertion hole, 44 ... operation switch of discharge mechanism, 45 ... gas pressure meter, 47 ... pipe, 50, 51, 54-60 ... bolt.

Claims (3)

In the casing,
A first kneading chamber filled with clay from the outside;
A second kneading chamber disposed in the first kneading chamber via a partition, and filled with the clay from the first kneading chamber through a through-hole formed in the partition;
A kneading shaft which is inserted across the first and second kneading chambers and rotates to knead the clay;
A discharge mechanism for sucking and discharging the gas in the second kneading chamber;
With
The partition wall is formed with an insertion hole through which the kneading shaft is inserted, and a radial gap is formed between the inner diameter of the insertion hole and the outer diameter of the kneading shaft,
The kneading shaft is provided with a shielding plate that faces the end face of the partition wall via a gap in the axial direction on the second kneading chamber side and covers the insertion hole.
A kneading machine characterized by that. The outer shape of the shielding plate is configured along the inner diameter direction of the insertion hole, and is configured to be positioned outside the insertion hole and inside the through hole in the radial direction.
The clay kneader according to claim 1. The shielding plate is slidably fixed in the axial direction of the kneading shaft, and is configured so that the radial gap can be adjusted.
The clay machine according to claim 1 or claim 2.

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