JP2007162251A - Heating apparatus using exterior wall - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simply and inexpensively constitute a heating apparatus using an exterior wall. <P>SOLUTION: This heating apparatus using the exterior wall comprises: a thermal storage body 20 which is formed of a part of a concrete wall 12 constituting the exterior wall 10; a frame body 22 which which encloses the periphery of the thermal storage body 20 on the outside of the concrete wall 12; and a glass plate 24 which has a closed space formed between the glass plate and the thermal storage body 20, in cooperation with the frame body 22. A roll blind 26, which can bring about the light transmitting state of permitting the incidence of a sunbeam into the thermal storage body 20 through the glass plate 24 and the light shielding state of inhibiting of the incidence of the sunbeam, is provided between the glass plate 24 and the thermal storage body 20. A black coating 60 is applied onto the surface of the concrete wall 12 so as to easily absorb the sunbeam. Furthermore, a translucent heat-insulating layer 64 is provided between the glass plate 24 and the concrete wall 12, and heat dissipation to the outside from the thermal storage body 20 is suppressed while the incidence of the sunbeam is permitted. Since a part of the exterior wall 10 of the building is utilized as the thermal storage body 20, the cost of the apparatus can be reduced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an outer wall-use heating device that heats an interior room by using sunlight incident on an outer wall of a building.

The applicant has previously proposed a thrombe wall panel. That is described in Patent Document 1 below. The thrombe wall panel includes (a) a frame, (b) a heat storage container that is held by the frame and has an inlet for injecting heat storage liquid therein, and (c) one side of the heat storage container. And a translucent plate held by the frame body, forming a panel shape as a whole. When the solar rays pass through the light transmitting plate and enter the heat storage container, solar heat is accumulated in the heat storage liquid in the heat storage container, and then radiated into the room as thermal radiation, thereby warming the room well. If the thrombe wall panel is attached to a building such as a house as it is, it becomes a thrombe wall. Therefore, even a contractor with little knowledge about the thrombe wall can easily install the thrombe wall.
JP 2004-256992 A

  However, since the heat storage container in which the heat storage liquid is filled is used as the heat storage body in the thrombe wall panel, it is inevitable that the apparatus cost increases. An object of the present invention is to make it possible to install a thromb wall more simply and inexpensively.

  The said subject is solved by utilizing the outer wall itself of a building as a thermal storage body. In recent years, there are many buildings whose outer walls are concrete walls and block walls, and these concrete walls and block walls are usually formed with a considerable thickness in order to have sufficient strength, It has a considerable heat capacity. Therefore, if appropriate heat collecting and heat retaining means are taken, the solar energy can be stored and used for heating the space in the building. As the heat collecting and heat retaining means, the above-mentioned thrombe wall panel can be used. Almost the same can be adopted.

  As described above, if the outer wall of the building itself is used as a heat storage body, it is not necessary to provide a dedicated heat storage body, so that significant cost reduction can be achieved. Moreover, since the heat storage container filled with the heat storage liquid has a considerable weight, it is necessary that the structure for supporting the heat storage container also has a large strength, but when the outer wall itself is used as a heat storage body. Such a support structure can be omitted, and the cost can be reduced from that point.

Aspects of the Invention

  In the following, the invention that is claimed to be claimable in the present application (hereinafter referred to as “claimable invention”. The claimable invention is at least the “present invention” to the invention described in the claims. Some aspects of the present invention, including subordinate concept inventions of the present invention, superordinate concepts of the present invention, or inventions of different concepts) will be illustrated and described. As with the claims, each aspect is divided into sections, each section is numbered, and is described in a form that cites the numbers of other sections as necessary. This is for the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the claimable invention, and is not intended to limit the combinations of the constituent elements constituting the claimable invention to those described in the following sections. In other words, the claimable invention should be construed in consideration of the description accompanying each section, the description of the embodiments, etc., and as long as the interpretation is followed, another aspect is added to the form of each section. In addition, an aspect in which constituent elements are deleted from the aspect of each item can be an aspect of the claimable invention.

  In each of the following items, (1) corresponds to claim 1, (2) corresponds to claim 2, (6) corresponds to claim 3, (11) corresponds to claim 4, Each corresponds.

(1) a heat storage body that is part of the outer wall of the building;
A frame provided outside the outer wall so as to surround the heat storage body;
A translucent plate attached to the frame body substantially parallel to the heat storage body and forming a closed space with the heat storage body;
Use of an outer wall including a light-shielding device provided between the light-transmitting plate and the heat storage body and capable of taking a light-transmitting state and allowing a light-blocking state to be blocked by allowing sunlight to enter the heat storage body through the light-transmitting plate Heating device.
The translucent plate may be a simple glass plate, a vacuum between the double glasses, or a gas having a lower thermal conductivity than air or argon, krypton, etc. enclosed between the double glasses. Good. When a gas exists between the double glasses, it is desirable to provide a honeycomb layer between the double glasses. The honeycomb layer is constituted by, for example, a collection of thin cylindrical bodies made of a transparent material having a diameter of about 2 mm, or a collection of cylindrical bodies whose inner surfaces are reflection surfaces. It is desirable that the opening at both ends of the cylindrical body is closed by each of the double glass plates or a closing film different from the glass plates. The presence of the honeycomb layer prevents the convection of the gas between the double glazings, while the sunlight is favorably guided by the reflection of the inner surface of the cylindrical body forming the honeycomb layer. A low emission glass plate may be used. The low emission glass has a low emissivity of heat radiation to the outside. For example, a glass in which a thin film of metal such as silver is formed on at least one of the two inner surfaces of the double glass is suitable. The metal thin film reflects part of the sunlight and prevents the transmission, but since it is difficult to emit thermal radiation such as long-wavelength infrared rays and far-infrared rays, a heat insulation effect can be expected as a whole.
As the light-shielding device, a roll blind, a venetian blind, a curtain, or the like can be used, and any commercially available one can be used. The light-shielding device is in a light-shielding state when heating is not necessary, and is in a light-transmitting state when necessary. Therefore, in the light-shielding state, those having a high ability to prevent the outer surface from reflecting sunlight rays well and warming the outer wall main body are suitable.
(2) The outer wall utilization heating device according to (1), further including a heat absorption promotion layer that is provided on a surface of the heat storage body and promotes heat absorption of the heat storage body.
(3) The outer wall utilization heating device according to (2), wherein the heat absorption promotion layer is made of a material that absorbs sunlight more easily than the heat storage body itself, and includes a solar light absorption film formed on the surface of the heat storage body.
The surface of the outer wall main body as a heat storage body is often light in color, and it cannot be said that the absorption rate of sunlight is sufficiently high. In that case, it is desirable to form a solar radiation absorbing film.
(4) The outer wall-use heating device according to (3), wherein the solar radiation absorbing film includes a dark-colored coating film such as black applied to the surface of the heat storage body.
(5) Furthermore, it is provided between the translucent plate and the heat storage body, and the emissivity of infrared rays (including far-infrared rays) in the opposite direction is small relative to the absorptance of solar rays from the former side toward the latter side. The heating apparatus using an outer wall according to any one of (1) to (4), including a selective absorption membrane.
As the selective absorption film, for example, a film in which a metal thin film such as silver is formed on the surface of a metal sheet can be employed. The thin film allows the short wavelength component of sunlight to pass through, the short wavelength component is absorbed by the metal sheet and warms the metal sheet. The metal sheet has a glossy surface and is unlikely to emit long-wavelength thermal radiation such as infrared rays, while the back surface, which is the surface on the outer wall body side, is not glossy, and the heat radiation from the heated metal sheet is excellent. If it radiates | emits toward a main body, an outer wall main body will be warmed effectively. Also, if the metal sheet is brought into contact with the outer wall body or the gap between the outer wall body and the outer wall body is filled with a layer made of a material having high thermal conductivity, the heat of the metal sheet is transferred to the outer wall body by conduction. can do. As described above, when the selective absorption film is provided in contact with the outer wall main body, the selective absorption film is an example of the heat absorption promotion layer of the item (2).
(6) Further, a translucent heat insulating layer that is provided between the translucent plate and the heat storage body, is made of a material that transmits sunlight, and suppresses heat radiation from the heat storage body to the outside of the external wall heating device. The heating apparatus using the outer wall according to any one of (1) to (5).
The translucent heat insulating layer does not prevent the sunlight from entering the outer wall main body or the solar ray absorbing film, selective absorption film, etc. provided on the surface, and the heat stored in the outer wall main body is radiated to the outside. To prevent that.
(7) The outer wall utilization heating device according to item (6), wherein the translucent heat insulating layer is a laminate of a plurality of transparent sheets with an air layer interposed therebetween.
(8) The heating apparatus using the outer wall according to (7), wherein a honeycomb layer is disposed in the air layer.
The description of the above item (1) also applies to the honeycomb layer of this item.
(9) The heating apparatus using the outer wall according to (6) or (7), wherein the translucent heat insulating layer includes a honeycomb layer made of a transparent material.
In the case where the light-transmitting heat insulating layer is composed of only the honeycomb layer, it is preferable that the tubular body forming the honeycomb layer is closed at least one end to prevent air flow.
(10) The heating apparatus using an outer wall according to any one of (6) to (9), wherein the translucent heat insulating layer is provided between the light shielding device and the heat storage body.
(11) The outer wall includes an outer wall main body, an exterior material provided outside the outer wall main body, and a heat insulating material sandwiched between the outer wall main body and the outer material. The outer wall utilization heating according to any one of (1) to (10), wherein an opening is formed, the frame body is disposed on an inner periphery of the opening, and a part of the outer wall main body is the heat storage body. apparatus.
When the outer wall includes an outer wall main body, an exterior material, and a heat insulating material sandwiched between them, the outer wall is excellent in heat insulation. In addition, a concave portion without a heat insulating material is provided, and a cover portion including a frame body, a light transmitting plate, a light shielding device, and the like is installed in the concave portion. However, since the cover portion is inevitably excellent in heat insulation for the purpose, the replacement function of the exterior material and the layer of heat insulation material is sufficiently fulfilled. Further, since at least a part of the cover portion is buried in the layer of the exterior material and the heat insulating material, the amount of protrusion from the outer surface of the outer wall may be small or may not be protruded.
(12) The outer wall utilization heating device according to any one of (1) to (11), wherein the frame body is made of a material having lower thermal conductivity than the outer wall main body.
The heat stored in the outer wall body is dissipated to the outside by conduction inside the frame when heating is necessary, and the heat of the solar rays absorbed by the frame is transmitted to the outer wall body when heating is not needed This is to suppress this.
(13) The heating apparatus using the outer wall according to any one of (1) to (12), wherein a heat insulating material is disposed between the frame body and the outer wall main body.
If a heat insulating material is disposed between the frame body and the outer wall main body, heat transfer via the frame body can be suppressed. In the case where the frame itself cannot be made of a material having low thermal conductivity such as wood, it is particularly desirable to provide a heat insulating material.
(14) Further, the outer wall main body is disposed across the portion that functions as the heat storage body and the peripheral portion that is the other portion, promotes heat transfer between the two portions, and the peripheral portion is also used as the heat storage body. The heating apparatus using an outer wall according to any one of (1) to (13), including a functioning heat transfer promotion device.
The part of the outer wall body that is covered by the cover part functions as a heat storage body, but if the heat capacity is insufficient, if the heat transfer promoting device is provided, the part covered by the cover part The collected heat can be sent to and stored in a portion not covered by the cover. The peripheral portion can also function as a heat storage body, and the heat capacity of the heat storage body can be increased.
The peripheral portion does not necessarily have to be located on the same plane as the portion functioning as the heat storage body of the outer wall main body. For example, the portion different from the portion functioning as the heat storage body may be a portion where sunlight does not enter. .
(15) The outer wall utilization heating device according to (15), wherein the heat transfer promotion device includes a heat medium liquid circulation device that supplies a part of heat of the heat storage body to the peripheral portion by circulation of the heat medium liquid.
The heat medium liquid circulation device may be either forcibly circulated or naturally circulated.

  Several embodiments of the claimable invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition to the following examples, the claimable invention can be practiced in various modifications based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art, including the aspects described in the above [Aspect of the Invention] section. .

  FIG. 1 shows an outer wall heating apparatus as an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a state in which an external wall heating device is installed on the south side of a building such as an apartment. The outer wall 10 on the south side of the building includes a concrete wall 12 as an outer wall main body, an exterior material 14 provided outside the concrete wall 12, and a heat insulating material 16 sandwiched between the concrete wall 12 and the exterior material 14. Is included.

  The outer wall utilization heating apparatus in the present embodiment includes a heat storage body 20 constituted by a part of the concrete wall 12, a frame body 22 provided outside the outer wall 10 so as to surround the heat storage body 20, and a frame body. The glass plate 24 is attached to the heat storage body 20 substantially in parallel with the frame body 22 and forms a closed space with the heat storage body 20 together with the frame body 22. The glass plate 24 is provided between the glass plate 24 and the heat storage body 20. And a roll blind 26 capable of taking a light-transmitting state that allows sunlight to enter the heat storage body 20 through and a light-blocking state that prevents it. The heat storage body 20 is covered with a cover portion 28 including the frame body 22 and the glass plate 24.

  The exterior material 14 and the heat insulating material 16 of the outer wall 10 are respectively formed with openings 30 and 32 that open to positions corresponding to each other. When installing the outer wall utilization heating device, the openings 30 and 32 A frame body 22 is disposed on the inner periphery, and a part of the concrete wall 12 serves as a heat storage body 20. The frame body 22 is held on the outer wall 10 (concrete wall 12) through a base material 34 made of a material having heat insulation properties.

  In this embodiment, the frame body 22 is made of wood having a lower thermal conductivity than the concrete wall 12, and includes a pair of vertical frames (not shown) surrounding the four sides of the heat storage body 20 and a pair of horizontal frames 42. 44 and a metal holding member 46 fixed so as to cover the vertical frame and the horizontal frame 42 from one side (from the outdoor side in the illustrated example). The holding member 46 has a holding portion 48 that holds the glass plate 24 at one end portion, and has an attachment portion 49 that is attached to the base material 34 at the opposite end portion.

  The glass plate 24 is held by the holding portion 48 on the side opposite to the indoor side of the frame body 22. The glass plate 24 is a form of a light-transmitting plate, and the light-transmitting plate may be composed only of a glass plate as in this embodiment, or is composed of a glass plate and a frame surrounding the outer edge portion thereof. It may be a thing. The glass plate is a two-layer Low-E (Low Emission) glass plate in the illustrated example, but may be a three-layer Low-E glass plate or a vacuum heat insulating glass plate, or a normal two-layer or three-layer. A glass plate or a single-layer glass plate may be used depending on conditions. The above-mentioned two- and three-layer Low-E glass and vacuum heat-insulating glass are well-known ones and will not be described in detail. However, while allowing the transmission of sunlight, the internal space covered with the glass plate is used. This has the effect of suppressing heat dissipation.

  As shown in FIG. 1, it is desirable that the outer wall-use heating device is waterproofed on a portion protruding outward from the outer wall of the building. For example, the outer peripheral portion (particularly, the upper portion and the lower portion) of the frame body 22 that protrudes outward from the outer wall is covered with a waterproof outer frame 50. In the case of the present embodiment, the outer frame 50 also functions as a holding portion that holds the glass plate 24 together with the holding portion 48 of the frame body 22.

  The glass plate 24 is detachably held on the frame body 22. When the worker performs an operation on the inside of the space formed by the frame body 22 and the glass plate 24 after the installation of the outer wall utilization heating device, the glass plate 24 is removed. The glass plate 24 can be easily removed by releasing the fixing of the outer frame 50 to the frame body 22. Alternatively, the glass plate 24 may be fixed to the frame body 22, and the fixing may be released and removed from the frame body 22, or the glass plate 24 may be held on the frame body 22 so as to be openable and closable. If the glass plate 24 can be opened and closed, it becomes easy to perform work on the space formed by the frame body 22 and the glass plate 24 after the installation of the outer wall utilization heating device.

  A black coating 60 is applied to the surface of the concrete wall 12 (the surface on the side facing the glass plate 24 on the outdoor side). This black coating film 60 is formed in order to make it easy to absorb sunlight with respect to the light concrete wall 12, and is a form of a sunlight absorbing film that is a heat absorption promoting layer. Further, the surface of the concrete wall 12 may be subjected to selective absorption film treatment instead of the black coating film. Since the selective absorption film treatment is a known one, detailed description thereof is omitted. However, when this treatment is performed, the solar radiation is easily absorbed, while heat radiation from the heat storage body 20 to the glass plate 24 side is suppressed. Is done.

  Further, a light-transmitting heat insulating layer 64 is provided between the glass plate 24 and the concrete wall 12 so as to cover the surface of the concrete wall 12. The translucent heat insulating layer 64 forms a closed space inside by overlapping two transparent sheets 70 and 72 with an air layer interposed therebetween, and the air layer has a transparent material or a highly reflective material on the surface. A honeycomb layer 76 made of is disposed. The honeycomb layer 76 plays a role of preventing air convection while preventing the passage of sunlight in the closed space from being obstructed as much as possible. The translucent heat insulating layer 64 prevents the sunlight from entering the heat accumulator 20 and prevents the air from flowing between the indoor space (concrete wall 12 side space) and the outdoor space as much as possible. Heat dissipation from 12 to the outside of the external wall heating device is suppressed.

  The roll blind 26 which is a light shielding device in the present embodiment includes a light shielding sheet 80. The light shielding sheet 80 is turned into a light-transmitting state by being wound around the winding device 82, and is pulled out from the winding device 82. It is in a light shielding state. The winding device 82 extends in the width direction of the frame body 22 (in the direction in which the horizontal frame 42 extends), and is wound at both ends in the longitudinal direction so as to be rotatably held by the frame body 22 with its own central axis as the rotation axis. It has a roll. The surface of the light shielding sheet 80 on the glass plate 24 side is a reflecting surface 84 that reflects sunlight, and the surface on the heat storage body 20 side is also a reflection surface 86 that reflects radiant heat rays from the heat storage body 20. For example, the reflective surfaces 84 and 86 can be configured by the surface of a metal foil. However, at least one of the reflection surfaces 84 and 86 can be omitted.

  The light shielding sheet 80 can be operated from inside and outside by the operation device 90. The operation device 90 includes operation strings 92 and 94 as operation members. One end of each of the operation cords 92 and 94 is coupled to the central portion of the lower end portion of the light shielding sheet 80, and one operation cord 92 passes through the space in the frame 22 and the opening 100 of the concrete wall 12 to the indoor side. The other operation string 94 is pulled out to the outside through the space in the frame body 22 and the openings 102 and 104 formed in the corresponding portions of the horizontal frame 42 and the holding member 46, respectively. The operation string 92 is guided indoors by a guide member 106 provided in a space in the frame body 22. The winding roll of the winding device 82 is wound in the direction of winding the light-shielding sheet 80 by an urging device (not shown) provided between the frame 22 and the holding bracket fixed to the frame 22. Always energized. Therefore, against the urging force of the urging device, the operator can operate one of the operation cords 92 and 94 to rotate the take-up roll so that the light shielding state can be achieved. The weights 110 and 112 are attached to the tips of the portions of the operation strings 94 and 96 that are drawn out indoors and outdoors, and the operation strings 94 and 96 are attached to the winding members 114 and 116 provided indoors and outdoors. By being wound around several times, it is possible to prevent the light shielding sheet 80 from being wound further and to maintain the light shielding state. When the roll blind 26 is in a light-transmitting state, the light shielding sheet 80 is wound by the urging force of the urging device by releasing the state in which the operation strings 92 and 94 are wound around the winding members 114 and 116. It is wound on a take-up roll.

  According to the outer wall utilization heating apparatus of the present embodiment, the sunlight transmitted through the glass plate 24 enters the concrete wall 12 through the light-transmitting heat insulating layer 64, whereby the concrete wall 12 is warmed and radiated into the room. The room is warmed. By causing a part of the concrete wall 12 to function as the heat storage body 20, it is possible to obtain an energy-saving and low environmental load heating device at low cost. In addition, by providing the roll blind 26, it is possible to select the blocking of the sun rays or the prevention of heat radiation from the indoor to the outdoor, etc. according to the season such as summer and winter and the time zone such as day and night. The heating condition can be adjusted. For example, in winter, when the sunbeams are incident on the heating system using the outer wall, the roll blind 26 is in a light-transmitting state. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the accumulated heat from being discharged to the outdoors unnecessarily.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the outer wall utilization heating device may further include a heat medium liquid circulation device 130 as a kind of heat transfer promotion device. The heat-medium liquid circulation device 130 is filled with the heat-medium liquid, and the heat-medium liquid circulation path 136 is disposed across the part that functions as the heat storage body 20 of the concrete wall 12 and the peripheral part 132 that is the other part. And an open / close valve 138 provided in the vicinity of the connection portion between the heat storage body 20 and the peripheral portion 132 in the heat medium liquid circulation path 136. Although illustration is omitted, an operation part for operating opening and closing of the valve 138 is projected outdoors or indoors. In FIG. 2, the cover 22 including the frame body 22 and the glass plate 24 covering the heat storage body 20 is indicated by a two-dot chain line. The heat storage body 20 is warmed by the heat collected through the cover 28 and the like, and the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid circulation path 136 is warmed by the heat storage body 20. When the valve 138 is opened, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 2, the heat transfer fluid rises in the portion located in the heat storage body 20 of the heat transfer fluid circulation path 136 and falls in the peripheral portion 132 to naturally circulate. Be made. Due to the circulation of the heat transfer fluid, part of the heat of the heat storage body 20 is supplied to the peripheral portion 132, and the peripheral portion 132 can also function as the heat storage body, so that the room can be warmed well. Or the connection part (The upper connection part in which the valve | bulb 138 is provided, or a lower connection part may be used for connecting the part in the thermal storage body 20 and the part in the peripheral part 132 of the heat-medium liquid circulation path 136. It is also possible to forcibly circulate the heat transfer fluid by providing a small pump in

It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the state in which the outer wall utilization heating apparatus which is one Example of claimable invention was installed in the building. It is front sectional drawing which shows the heat medium liquid circulation apparatus of the outer wall utilization heating apparatus which is another Example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10: Outer wall 12: Concrete wall 14: Exterior material 16: Heat insulating material 20: Heat storage body 22: Frame body 24: Glass plate 26: Roll blind 60: Black coating 64: Light-transmitting heat insulation layer 130: Heat-medium liquid circulation device

Claims (4)

A heat storage that is part of the outer wall of the building,
A frame provided outside the outer wall so as to surround the heat storage body;
A translucent plate attached to the frame body substantially parallel to the heat storage body and forming a closed space with the heat storage body;
Use of an outer wall including a light-shielding device provided between the light-transmitting plate and the heat storage body and capable of taking a light-transmitting state and allowing a light-blocking state to be blocked by allowing sunlight to enter the heat storage body through the light-transmitting plate Heating device.   Furthermore, the outer wall utilization heating apparatus of Claim 1 provided in the surface of the said thermal storage body and including the heat absorption promotion layer which accelerates | stimulates the heat absorption of a thermal storage body.   Furthermore, it is provided between the translucent plate and the heat storage body, is made of a material that transmits sunlight, and includes a translucent heat insulating layer that suppresses heat radiation from the heat storage body to the outside of the exterior wall heating device. Claim | item 1 or 2 outer wall utilization heating apparatus. The outer wall includes an outer wall main body, an exterior material provided outside the outer wall main body, and a heat insulating material sandwiched between the outer wall main body and the outer material, and an opening is formed in the outer material and the heat insulating material. The outer wall utilization heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the frame is disposed on an inner periphery of the opening, and a part of the outer wall main body is used as the heat storage body.

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