JP2007154073A - Emulsifier for emulsion polymerization, method for producing polymer emulsion and the resultant polymer emulsion - Google Patents
Emulsifier for emulsion polymerization, method for producing polymer emulsion and the resultant polymer emulsion Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2007154073A JP2007154073A JP2005352606A JP2005352606A JP2007154073A JP 2007154073 A JP2007154073 A JP 2007154073A JP 2005352606 A JP2005352606 A JP 2005352606A JP 2005352606 A JP2005352606 A JP 2005352606A JP 2007154073 A JP2007154073 A JP 2007154073A
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- Prior art keywords
- emulsion
- emulsifier
- polymerization
- acid
- emulsion polymerization
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims description 59
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 23
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 alkyl sulfate ester Chemical class 0.000 description 53
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical group 0.000 description 24
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 24
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol group Chemical group OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycidol Chemical compound OCC1CO1 CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 8
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 4
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 230000021523 carboxylation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006473 carboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 3
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012874 anionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanethiol Chemical compound CCCCS WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- QWXYZCJEXYQNEI-OSZHWHEXSA-N intermediate I Chemical compound COC(=O)[C@@]1(C=O)[C@H]2CC=[N+](C\C2=C\C)CCc2c1[nH]c1ccccc21 QWXYZCJEXYQNEI-OSZHWHEXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pimelic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCC(O)=O WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N suberic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCC(O)=O TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HJUGFYREWKUQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabromomethane Chemical compound BrC(Br)(Br)Br HJUGFYREWKUQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- LWBHHRRTOZQPDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O LWBHHRRTOZQPDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- NIDNOXCRFUCAKQ-UMRXKNAASA-N (1s,2r,3s,4r)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1[C@H]2C=C[C@@H]1[C@H](C(=O)O)[C@@H]2C(O)=O NIDNOXCRFUCAKQ-UMRXKNAASA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC1(C)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RMSGQZDGSZOJMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-2-phenylbenzene Chemical group CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 RMSGQZDGSZOJMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWDQBAKCPRMYBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2-pent-1-enylcyclohex-3-ene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound CCCC=CC1(C(O)=O)C=CCCC1(C)C(O)=O UWDQBAKCPRMYBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMUPSYZVABJEKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylcyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(C)CCCCC1C(O)=O PMUPSYZVABJEKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFGCFKJIPBRJGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-12-oxododecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QFGCFKJIPBRJGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YAJYJWXEWKRTPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethylhexane-2-thiol Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)(C)C(C)(C)C(C)(C)S YAJYJWXEWKRTPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、乳化重合する際に用いられる乳化重合用乳化剤、その乳化重合用乳化剤を使用したポリマーエマルションの製造方法、及びその製造方法により得られうるポリマーエマルションに関する。 The present invention relates to an emulsifier for emulsion polymerization used in emulsion polymerization, a method for producing a polymer emulsion using the emulsifier for emulsion polymerization, and a polymer emulsion obtainable by the method.
従来、乳化重合用乳化剤としてはドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、アルキル硫酸エステル塩、アルキルスルホコハク酸エステル塩、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキル（アリール）エーテル硫酸エステル塩等のアニオン性界面活性剤、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキル（アリール）エーテル、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンブロック共重合体等のノニオン性界面活性剤が単独あるいは併用で使用されているが、ポリマーエマルションの安定性、また該エマルションから得られたポリマーフィルムの性質等は、必ずしも充分に満足し得るものではなく、多くの解決すべき問題点が残されている。 Conventionally, as an emulsifier for emulsion polymerization, anionic surfactants such as dodecylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl sulfate ester, alkyl sulfosuccinate ester, polyoxyalkylene alkyl (aryl) ether sulfate, polyoxyalkylene alkyl (aryl) ) Nonionic surfactants such as ethers and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymers are used alone or in combination. The stability of the polymer emulsion and the properties of the polymer film obtained from the emulsion are as follows. However, it is not always satisfactory, and many problems to be solved remain.
例えば、エマルションの重合安定性、得られたエマルションの機械安定性、化学安定性、凍結融解安定性、顔料混和性、貯蔵安定性等の問題が挙げられる。特に、機械的安定性については、改善すべき問題点が残されている。さらに、エマルションからポリマーフィルムを作成した際、使用した乳化剤が遊離の状態でポリマーフィルム中に残留するため、フィルムの耐水性、接着性が劣る等の問題を生じている。また、エマルションを塩析または酸析等の手段によって破壊し、ポリマーを取り出す際、排水中に多くの乳化剤が含有され、河川汚濁の原因となるため、乳化剤の除去処理に多大の労力が必要となる。 Examples thereof include problems such as polymerization stability of the emulsion, mechanical stability of the obtained emulsion, chemical stability, freeze-thaw stability, pigment miscibility, and storage stability. In particular, the mechanical stability remains a problem to be improved. Furthermore, when a polymer film is prepared from the emulsion, the used emulsifier remains in the polymer film in a free state, causing problems such as poor water resistance and adhesion of the film. In addition, when the emulsion is destroyed by means such as salting out or aciding out and the polymer is taken out, a large amount of emulsifier is contained in the waste water, which causes river pollution. Become.
このような観点から従来の乳化重合用乳化剤の問題点を改善するため、反応基として共重合性の不飽和基を有し、親水基にポリオキシアルキレン鎖及びイオン性基を導入した反応性乳化剤が数多く提案された。 In order to improve the problems of conventional emulsifiers for emulsion polymerization from such a viewpoint, a reactive emulsifier having a copolymerizable unsaturated group as a reactive group and a polyoxyalkylene chain and an ionic group introduced into a hydrophilic group. Many have been proposed.
例えば、下記特許文献１〜３にはアニオン性の反応性界面活性剤、また、特許文献４〜６にはノニオン性の反応性界面活性剤がそれぞれ記載されており、各種モノマーについて乳化重合が試みられている。これらの反応性乳化剤を乳化剤として使用したエマルションは重合時の安定性が良く、また、該エマルションから得られたポリマーフィルムは耐水性、接着性、耐熱性、耐候性において優れた性能を示すものである。 For example, the following Patent Documents 1 to 3 describe anionic reactive surfactants, and Patent Documents 4 to 6 describe nonionic reactive surfactants, respectively. It has been. Emulsions using these reactive emulsifiers as emulsifiers have good stability during polymerization, and polymer films obtained from the emulsions exhibit excellent performance in water resistance, adhesiveness, heat resistance, and weather resistance. is there.
しかしながら、このようなアルキレンオキサイドから誘導される反応性乳化剤の問題点として、未反応のアルキレンオキサイドが製品中に残存すること、副生成物として発がん性や刺激性の高い物質が発生することが挙げられる。例えば、合成時の有害なジオキサンの生成や、アルキレンオキサイド鎖の酸化分解により有害性のアルデヒド類を生成することが知られており、シックハウス症候群やＶＯＣ問題が騒がれる近年、アルデヒド等を含む乳化剤をエマルションの製造に用いるのは好ましくない。
本発明は、上記実情に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的は親水基としてポリオキシアルキレン鎖を持たず、乳化重合時の安定性を良好なものとし、しかも、得られたポリマー及びポリマーフィルムの耐水性、接着性、耐熱性、耐候性等の諸特性が著しく改善された反応性乳化重合用乳化剤を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to have no polyoxyalkylene chain as a hydrophilic group, to improve the stability during emulsion polymerization, and to the obtained polymer and polymer. An object of the present invention is to provide an emulsifier for reactive emulsion polymerization in which various properties such as water resistance, adhesion, heat resistance and weather resistance of the film are remarkably improved.
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するため鋭意研究を重ねた結果、共重合性の不飽和基を有し、親水基部分がポリグリセリンである乳化重合用乳化剤が適していることを見出し、本発明に到達したものである。 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that an emulsifier for emulsion polymerization having a copolymerizable unsaturated group and having a hydrophilic group portion of polyglycerin is suitable. The present invention has been achieved.
即ち、本発明は、下記一般式（１）で表される化合物を含有することを特徴とする乳化重合用乳化剤である。
（式中、Ｒ１は炭化水素基、Ｒ２は水素原子またはメチル基、Ａは酸素原子またはＮＨである。ｎは１〜２００である。Ｘ１及びＸ２は水素原子又はアニオン性親水基又は炭化水素基である。） (In the formula, R 1 is a hydrocarbon group, R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, A is an oxygen atom or NH. N is 1 to 200. X 1 and X 2 are a hydrogen atom or an anionic hydrophilic group. Or a hydrocarbon group.)
また、本発明は、モノマーに対して前記の乳化重合用乳化剤を０．１〜２０重量％の量で使用し、水性媒体中で前記モノマーを重合させる、または前記モノマー重合後のポリマーに添加することを特徴とするポリマーエマルションの製造方法である。 Moreover, the present invention uses the above-mentioned emulsifier for emulsion polymerization in an amount of 0.1 to 20% by weight based on the monomer, polymerizes the monomer in an aqueous medium, or adds it to the polymer after the monomer polymerization. This is a method for producing a polymer emulsion.
さらに、本発明は、上記ポリマーエマルションの製造方法により得られうることを特徴とするポリマーエマルションにある。 Furthermore, the present invention resides in a polymer emulsion characterized in that it can be obtained by the method for producing a polymer emulsion.
本発明の乳化重合用乳化剤によれば、分子中の疎水基部分に共重合性の不飽和基を有し、重合性モノマー、殊にビニル系モノマー等との共重合性に優れ、ポリマー組成に組み込まれやすいため、共重合性の反応性乳化剤として、ポリマーエマルションから得られたポリマーフィルム中に遊離した状態で存在する乳化剤量が著しく減少し、フィルムの耐水性、接着性、耐熱性、耐候性などの諸特性の向上に極めて優れた効果を発揮する。かつポリマーエマルションの泡立ち、機械安定性等が著しく改善される。さらに、ジオキサンやアルデヒド類などの有害物質を大幅に低減したポリマーエマルションを得ることができる。 According to the emulsifier for emulsion polymerization of the present invention, it has a copolymerizable unsaturated group in the hydrophobic group portion in the molecule, is excellent in copolymerizability with a polymerizable monomer, particularly a vinyl monomer, and has a polymer composition. As it is easy to be incorporated, the amount of emulsifier present in the polymer film obtained from the polymer emulsion as a copolymerizable reactive emulsifier is remarkably reduced, and the water resistance, adhesiveness, heat resistance and weather resistance of the film are reduced. It is extremely effective in improving various characteristics such as. In addition, foaming and mechanical stability of the polymer emulsion are remarkably improved. Furthermore, a polymer emulsion in which harmful substances such as dioxane and aldehydes are greatly reduced can be obtained.
以下に、本発明の実施の形態について説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
上記一般式（１）の化合物において、式中Ｒ１は炭化水素基を表す。炭化水素基としては例えば、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アリール基、シクロアルキル基、シクロアルケニル基等が挙げられる。 In the compound of the general formula (1), R 1 represents a hydrocarbon group. Examples of the hydrocarbon group include an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, and a cycloalkenyl group.
アルキル基としては、例えば、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、イソブチル、２級ブチル、ターシャリブチル、ペンチル、イソペンチル、２級ペンチル、ネオペンチル、ターシャリペンチル、ヘキシル、２級ヘキシル、ヘプチル、２級ヘプチル、オクチル、２−エチルヘキシル、２級オクチル、ノニル、２級ノニル、デシル、２級デシル、ウンデシル、２級ウンデシル、ドデシル、２級ドデシル、トリデシル、イソトリデシル、２級トリデシル、テトラデシル、２級テトラデシル、ヘキサデシル、２級ヘキサデシル、ステアリル、イコシル、ドコシル、テトラコシル、トリアコンチル、２−ブチルオクチル、２−ブチルデシル、２−ヘキシルオクチル、２−ヘキシルデシル、２−オクチルデシル、２−ヘキシルドデシル、２−オクチルドデシル、２−デシルテトラデシル、２−ドデシルヘキサデシル、２−ヘキサデシルオクタデシル、２−テトラデシルオクタデシル、モノメチル分枝−イソステアリル基等が挙げられる。 Examples of the alkyl group include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, secondary butyl, tertiary butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, secondary pentyl, neopentyl, tertiary pentyl, hexyl, secondary hexyl, heptyl, 2 Secondary heptyl, octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, secondary octyl, nonyl, secondary nonyl, decyl, secondary decyl, undecyl, secondary undecyl, dodecyl, secondary dodecyl, tridecyl, isotridecyl, secondary tridecyl, tetradecyl, secondary tetradecyl , Hexadecyl, secondary hexadecyl, stearyl, icosyl, docosyl, tetracosyl, triacontyl, 2-butyloctyl, 2-butyldecyl, 2-hexyloctyl, 2-hexyldecyl, 2-octyldecyl, 2-hexyldecyl, - octyldodecyl, 2-decyltetradecyl, 2-dodecyl-hexadecyl, 2-hexadecyl octadecyl, 2-tetradecyl-octadecyl, monomethyl branched - and the like isostearyl group.
アルケニル基としては、例えば、ビニル、アリル、プロペニル、ブテニル、イソブテニル、ペンテニル、イソペンテニル、ヘキセニル、ヘプテニル、オクテニル、ノネニル、デセニル、ウンデセニル、ドデセニル、テトラデセニル、オレイル等が挙げられる。 Examples of the alkenyl group include vinyl, allyl, propenyl, butenyl, isobutenyl, pentenyl, isopentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tetradecenyl, oleyl and the like.
アリール基としては、例えば、フェニル、トルイル、キシリル、クメニル、メシチル、ベンジル、フェネチル、スチリル、シンナミル、ベンズヒドリル、トリチル、エチルフェニル、プロピルフェニル、ブチルフェニル、ペンチルフェニル、ヘキシルフェニル、ヘプチルフェニル、オクチルフェニル、ノニルフェニル、デシルフェニル、ウンデシルフェニル、ドデシルフェニル、フェニルフェニル、ベンジルフェニル、スチレン化フェニル、クミルフェニル、スチレン化クレシル、ベンジルキシリル、α−ナフチル、β−ナフチル基等が挙げられる。 As an aryl group, for example, phenyl, toluyl, xylyl, cumenyl, mesityl, benzyl, phenethyl, styryl, cinnamyl, benzhydryl, trityl, ethylphenyl, propylphenyl, butylphenyl, pentylphenyl, hexylphenyl, heptylphenyl, octylphenyl, Nonylphenyl, decylphenyl, undecylphenyl, dodecylphenyl, phenylphenyl, benzylphenyl, styrenated phenyl, cumylphenyl, styrenated cresyl, benzylxylyl, α-naphthyl, β-naphthyl groups and the like can be mentioned.
シクロアルキル基、シクロアルケニル基としては、例えば、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、シクロヘプチル、メチルシクロペンチル、メチルシクロヘキシル、メチルシクロヘプチル、シクロペンテニル、シクロヘキセニル、シクロヘプテニル、メチルシクロペンテニル、メチルシクロヘキセニル、メチルシクロヘプテニル基等が挙げられる。 Examples of the cycloalkyl group and cycloalkenyl group include a cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, methylcyclopentyl, methylcyclohexyl, methylcycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, methylcyclopentenyl, methylcyclohexenyl, methylcycloheptenyl group. Etc.
また、Ｒ１は上記に記載の炭化水素基を２種類以上含んでいても良い。 R 1 may contain two or more types of the hydrocarbon groups described above.
さらに、一般式（１）において、Ｒ１は炭素数６から３０のアルキル基またはアルケニル基であることが好ましい。 Further, in the general formula (1), R 1 is preferably an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
通常、Ｒ１はα−オレフィンエポキサイドからエポキシド部分を除いた残基である。工業的に製造されるα−オレフィンエポキサイドとしては、ダイセル化学工業社製のＡＯＥシリーズ、大日本インキ化学工業社製のエポサイザーシリーズ、ＡＲＫＥＭＡ社製のＶｉｏｋｏｌｏｘシリーズなどがある。これらは商業生産上好適に使用できる原料の一例である。また、これらを２種類以上配合して使用することも可能である。 R 1 is usually a residue obtained by removing an epoxide moiety from an α-olefin epoxide. Industrially produced α-olefin epoxides include AOE series manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Eposizer series manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, and Viocolox series manufactured by ARKEMA. These are examples of raw materials that can be suitably used for commercial production. Moreover, it is also possible to mix and use two or more of these.
一般式（１）において、Ｒ２は水素原子またはメチル基である。 In the general formula (1), R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
一般式（１）において、Ａは酸素原子またはＮＨを表す。 In the general formula (1), A represents an oxygen atom or NH.
また、一般式（１）において、Ｘ１及びＸ２は水素原子又はアニオン性親水基又は炭化水素基である。 In the general formula (1), X 1 and X 2 is a hydrogen atom or an anionic hydrophilic group or a hydrocarbon group.
前記炭化水素基としては、上記に記載の炭化水素基が挙げられる。 Examples of the hydrocarbon group include the hydrocarbon groups described above.
前記アニオン性親水基としては、下記一般式（２）〜（６）で表されるサルフェート基（一般式２）、ホスホネート基（一般式３）、カルボキシレート基（一般式４又は５）、サクシネート基（一般式６）が挙げられる。 Examples of the anionic hydrophilic group include sulfate groups (general formula 2), phosphonate groups (general formula 3), carboxylate groups (general formula 4 or 5), and succinates represented by the following general formulas (2) to (6). Group (general formula 6).
式中、Ｒ３は二塩基酸からカルボキシル基を除いた残基を表す。Ｍ及びＭ’は水素原子、金属原子、アンモニウム、または炭化水素基を表し、ＭとＭ’は異なるものでも同一のものでも良い。 In the formula, R 3 represents a residue obtained by removing a carboxyl group from a dibasic acid. M and M ′ represent a hydrogen atom, a metal atom, ammonium, or a hydrocarbon group, and M and M ′ may be different or the same.
上記Ｒ３は、二塩基酸からカルボキシル基を除いた残基である。このような二塩基酸としては、例えばシュウ酸、マロン酸、コハク酸、グルタル酸、アジピン酸、ピメリン酸、スベリン酸、アゼライン酸、セバシン酸、ウンデカン二酸、ドデカン二酸、トリデカン二酸、テトラデカン二酸等の飽和脂肪族ジカルボン酸；シクロペンタンジカルボン酸、ヘキサヒドロフタル酸、メチルヘキサヒドロフタル酸等の飽和脂環族ジカルボン酸；フタル酸、イソフタル酸、テレフタル酸、トリレンジカルボン酸、キシリレンジカルボン酸等の芳香族ジカルボン酸；マレイン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸、シトラコン酸、メサコン酸等の不飽和脂肪族ジカルボン酸；テトラヒドロフタル酸、メチルテトラヒドロフタル酸、ナジック酸（エンドメチレンテトラヒドロフタル酸）、メチルナジック酸、メチルブテニルテトラヒドロフタル酸、メチルペンテニルテトラヒドロフタル酸等の不飽和脂環族ジカルボン酸等が挙げられる。 R 3 is a residue obtained by removing a carboxyl group from a dibasic acid. Examples of such dibasic acids include oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tridecanedioic acid, tetradecane Saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as diacids; saturated alicyclic dicarboxylic acids such as cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, hexahydrophthalic acid and methylhexahydrophthalic acid; phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, tolylene dicarboxylic acid, xylylene diene Aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as carboxylic acids; unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, and mesaconic acid; tetrahydrophthalic acid, methyltetrahydrophthalic acid, nadic acid (endomethylenetetrahydrophthalic acid) , Methyl nadic acid, methylbutenyltetrahy Rofutaru acid, and unsaturated alicyclic dicarboxylic acids such as methyl pentenyl tetrahydrophthalic acid.
Ｍ及びＭ’は水素原子、金属原子、アンモニウム、または炭化水素基を表す。金属原子としては例えば、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム等のアルカリ金属原子、マグネシウム、カルシウム等のアルカリ土類金属原子（但し、アルカリ土類金属原子は通常２価であるから、１／２）等が挙げられ、アンモニウムとしては、例えば、アンモニア、メチルアミン、ジメチルアミン、エチルアミン、ジエチルアミン、（イソ）プロピルアミン、ジ（イソ）プロピルアミン、モノエタノールアミン、Ｎ−メチルモノエタノールアミン、Ｎ−エチルモノエタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン、モノプロパノールアミン、ジプロパノールアミン、トリプロパノールアミン、２−アミノ−２−メチル−１，３−プロパンジオール、アミノエチルエタノールアミン、Ｎ，Ｎ，Ｎ’，Ｎ’−テトラキス（２−ヒドロキシプロピル）エチレンジアミン等のアンモニウムが挙げられる。炭化水素基としては上記に記載のものが挙げられる。また、Ｍ及びＭ’は異なるものでも同一のものでも良く、上記記載のものを２種類以上含んでいても良い。 M and M ′ represent a hydrogen atom, a metal atom, ammonium, or a hydrocarbon group. Examples of the metal atom include alkali metal atoms such as lithium, sodium and potassium, alkaline earth metal atoms such as magnesium and calcium (however, since alkaline earth metal atoms are usually divalent, 1/2), etc. Examples of ammonium include ammonia, methylamine, dimethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, (iso) propylamine, di (iso) propylamine, monoethanolamine, N-methylmonoethanolamine, and N-ethylmonoethanolamine. , Diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monopropanolamine, dipropanolamine, tripropanolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, aminoethylethanolamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetrakis (2-Hide Kishipuropiru) ammonium, such as ethylenediamine. Examples of the hydrocarbon group include those described above. M and M ′ may be different or the same, and may contain two or more of the above-described ones.
本発明の乳化重合用乳化剤は、Ｘ１及びＸ２に含まれるアニオン性親水基として上記に記載の２種類以上を含んでいても良い。 Emulsifier for emulsion polymerization of the present invention, as the anionic hydrophilic group contained in X 1 and X 2 may contain two or more described above.
一般式（１）において、ｎは１〜２００で、好ましくは２〜５０である。 In General formula (1), n is 1-200, Preferably it is 2-50.
また、一般式（１）のポリグリセリン部分が直鎖状に繋がっていても良く、図１に示すように樹状に繋がっているものでも良い。 Moreover, the polyglycerin part of General formula (1) may be connected in linear form, and as shown in FIG.
本発明の乳化重合用乳化剤は、炭化水素基部分とポリグリセリン部分のモル比が、１：１〜５：１で含まれているのが有利である。 In the emulsifier for emulsion polymerization of the present invention, it is advantageous that the molar ratio of the hydrocarbon group portion to the polyglycerin portion is 1: 1 to 5: 1.
［合成方法］
本発明の乳化重合用乳化剤を得るための反応条件は特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、α−オレフィンエポキシとアクリル酸またはアクリルアミドを触媒存在下反応させた後、得られた反応組成物にポリグリセリン部分を導入する。または、ポリグリセリン導入後にアニオン性親水基を導入することにより本発明の乳化重合用乳化剤を得ることができる。また、必要に応じ公知の方法で精製を行っても良い。
[Synthesis method]
The reaction conditions for obtaining the emulsifier for emulsion polymerization of the present invention are not particularly limited. For example, after reacting α-olefin epoxy with acrylic acid or acrylamide in the presence of a catalyst, Introduce a glycerin moiety. Or the emulsifier for emulsion polymerization of this invention can be obtained by introduce | transducing an anionic hydrophilic group after polyglycerin introduction | transduction. Moreover, you may refine | purify by a well-known method as needed.
反応性基を持った疎水基部分へのポリグリセリンの導入は、ポリグリセリンアルキルエーテルの公知の製造方法を適用することにより可能である。ポリグリセリンアルキルエーテルの製造方法は、例えば、特開２００１−１１４７２０号公報、特開２０００−３８３６５号公報、特開平９−１８８７５５号公報、特開平６−２９３６８８号公報、特公昭６３−６６２９５号公報、特開昭５８−１８０４０６号公報等において開示されている方法によることができる。 Polyglycerin can be introduced into the hydrophobic group having a reactive group by applying a known production method of polyglycerin alkyl ether. For example, JP-A-2001-114720, JP-A-2000-38365, JP-A-9-188755, JP-A-6-293688, and JP-B-63-66295 are known as methods for producing polyglycerin alkyl ethers. The method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-180406 can be used.
ポリグリセリン部分へのアニオン性基を導入は公知の方法を用いて行うことができる。例えば、一般式（２）のアニオン性親水基を導入するには、スルファミン酸、クロロスルホン酸、無水硫酸、または硫酸を用い硫酸エステル化することにより得ることができる。一般式（３）のアニオン性親水基を導入するには、五酸化二リンまたはポリリン酸を用いリン酸エステル化することにより得ることができる。一般式（４）のアニオン性親水基を導入するには、モノハロゲン低級カルボン酸（モノクロル酢酸、モノブロムプロピオン酸等）を用いエーテルカルボキシル化することにより得ることができる。一般式（５）のアニオン性親水基を導入するには、二塩基酸（無水物である方が好ましい）を用いてエステルカルボキシル化することにより得ることができる。また、一般式（６）のアニオン性親水基を導入するには、無水マレイン酸でエステルカルボキシル化した後、亜硫酸ナトリウムでスルホン化することにより得ることができる。 Introduction of an anionic group into the polyglycerin moiety can be carried out using a known method. For example, in order to introduce the anionic hydrophilic group of the general formula (2), it can be obtained by sulfate formation using sulfamic acid, chlorosulfonic acid, sulfuric anhydride, or sulfuric acid. In order to introduce the anionic hydrophilic group of the general formula (3), it can be obtained by phosphoric esterification using diphosphorus pentoxide or polyphosphoric acid. The anionic hydrophilic group of the general formula (4) can be introduced by ether carboxylation using a monohalogen lower carboxylic acid (monochloroacetic acid, monobromopropionic acid, etc.). In order to introduce the anionic hydrophilic group of the general formula (5), it can be obtained by ester carboxylation using a dibasic acid (preferably an anhydride). The anionic hydrophilic group of the general formula (6) can be introduced by ester carboxylation with maleic anhydride and then sulfonation with sodium sulfite.
［乳化重合用モノマー］
本発明の乳化重合用乳化剤を用いた乳化重合に適用されうるモノマーとしては各種のものを挙げることができ、例えば、アクリル酸、アクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸ブチル、アクリル酸２−エチルヘキシル、メタクリル酸メチル、アクリロニトリル、アクリルアミド、アクリル酸ヒドロキシエステル等のアクリル系モノマー、例えば、スチレン、ジビニルベンゼン等の芳香族モノマー、酢酸ビニル等のビニルエステル系モノマー、塩化ビニル、塩化ビニリデン等のハロゲン化オレフィンモノマー、ブタジエン、イソプレン、クロロプレン等の共役系ジオレフィン系モノマー等の他、エチレン、無水マレイン酸、マレイン酸メチル等がある。本発明の乳化剤は、上記モノマーの１種または２種以上の乳化重合または懸濁重合に利用できる。
[Emulsion polymerization monomer]
Examples of the monomer that can be applied to the emulsion polymerization using the emulsifier for emulsion polymerization of the present invention include various monomers such as acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and methyl methacrylate. Acrylic monomers such as acrylonitrile, acrylamide, and acrylic acid hydroxy ester, aromatic monomers such as styrene and divinylbenzene, vinyl ester monomers such as vinyl acetate, halogenated olefin monomers such as vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride, butadiene, In addition to conjugated diolefin monomers such as isoprene and chloroprene, there are ethylene, maleic anhydride, methyl maleate and the like. The emulsifier of the present invention can be used for emulsion polymerization or suspension polymerization of one or more of the above monomers.
［重合条件］
本発明の乳化重合用乳化剤を使用した乳化重合反応に使用される重合開始剤は従来公知のものでよく、例えば、過酸化水素、過硫酸カリウム、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド等が利用できる。重合促進剤としては、亜硫酸水素ナトリウム、硫酸第１鉄アンモニウム等が使用できる。また、連鎖移動剤として、α−メチルスチレンダイマー、ｎ−ブチルメルカプタン、ｔ−ドデシルメルカプタンなどのメルカプタン類、四塩化炭素、四臭化炭素などのハロゲン化炭化水素などを用いてもよい。
[Polymerization conditions]
The polymerization initiator used in the emulsion polymerization reaction using the emulsifier for emulsion polymerization of the present invention may be a conventionally known one, such as hydrogen peroxide, potassium persulfate, azobisisobutyronitrile, benzoyl peroxide, etc. Available. As the polymerization accelerator, sodium bisulfite, ferrous ammonium sulfate, and the like can be used. Further, as a chain transfer agent, mercaptans such as α-methylstyrene dimer, n-butyl mercaptan, t-dodecyl mercaptan, halogenated hydrocarbons such as carbon tetrachloride and carbon tetrabromide may be used.
本発明の乳化重合用乳化剤の使用量は、通常、全モノマーに対して０．１〜２０．０％が適当である。なお、より好ましくは、０．２〜１０．０％が適当である。 The use amount of the emulsifier for emulsion polymerization of the present invention is usually suitably 0.1 to 20.0% with respect to all monomers. In addition, 0.2 to 10.0% is more preferable.
本発明の乳化重合用乳化剤は、それ単独でも乳化重合は良好に完結しうるが、さらにアニオン性界面活性剤またはカチオン性界面活性剤または／及び他のノニオン性界面活性剤を併用してもよく、これにより乳化重合時の重合安定性が向上し、また後工程における処理特性を向上させることができる。 The emulsifier for emulsion polymerization of the present invention alone can complete emulsion polymerization satisfactorily, but an anionic surfactant or a cationic surfactant or / and other nonionic surfactant may be used in combination. Thus, the polymerization stability at the time of emulsion polymerization can be improved, and the processing characteristics in the subsequent process can be improved.
かかるアニオン性界面活性剤、カチオン性界面活性剤及びノニオン性界面活性剤としては特に限定されないが、例えば、アニオン性界面活性剤としては、脂肪酸セッケン、ロジン酸セッケン、アルキルスルホン酸塩、アルキルアリールスルホン酸塩、アルキルスルホコハク酸塩、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキル硫酸塩、ポリオキシアルキレンアリール硫酸塩などが挙げられ、カチオン性界面活性剤としてはステアリルトリメチルアンモニウム、セチルトリメチルアンモニウム、ラウリルトリメチルアンモニウム、などが挙げられ、ノニオン性界面活性剤としては、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテル、アルキルポリグルコシド、ポリグリセリンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシアルキレン脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルなどが挙げられる。 The anionic surfactant, the cationic surfactant and the nonionic surfactant are not particularly limited. For example, examples of the anionic surfactant include fatty acid soap, rosin acid soap, alkyl sulfonate, alkyl aryl sulfone. Acid salts, alkylsulfosuccinates, polyoxyalkylene alkyl sulfates, polyoxyalkylene aryl sulfates and the like, and cationic surfactants include stearyl trimethyl ammonium, cetyl trimethyl ammonium, lauryl trimethyl ammonium, and the like, Nonionic surfactants include polyoxyalkylene alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, alkyl polyglucoside, polyglycerin alkyl ether, polyoxyalkylene. Fatty acid esters, polyglycerol fatty acid esters, and the like sorbitan fatty acid ester.
これらの界面活性剤の使用量としては、本発明の乳化重合用乳化剤１００部に対して、０．５〜１００重量部含まれることが好ましく、より好ましくは５〜６０重量部である。さらに好ましくは１０〜３０重量部である。 The amount of these surfactants to be used is preferably 0.5 to 100 parts by weight, more preferably 5 to 60 parts by weight, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the emulsifier for emulsion polymerization of the present invention. More preferably, it is 10-30 weight part.
また、乳化重合時の重合安定性を向上させる目的で公知の保護コロイド剤を併用することができる。併用できる保護コロイド剤としては、完全けん化ポリビニルアルコール（ＰＶＡ）、部分けん化ＰＶＡ、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、メチルセルロース、ポリアクリル酸、アラビアゴムなどがある。 Moreover, a well-known protective colloid agent can be used together in order to improve the polymerization stability at the time of emulsion polymerization. Examples of protective colloid agents that can be used in combination include fully saponified polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), partially saponified PVA, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, polyacrylic acid, and gum arabic.
本発明の乳化重合用乳化剤の他の使用方法としては、ポリマーエマルションの安定性を改善するために、重合終了後のポリマーに添加し使用することができる。 As another method of using the emulsifier for emulsion polymerization of the present invention, it can be added to the polymer after completion of polymerization in order to improve the stability of the polymer emulsion.
［作用、その他］
本発明の乳化重合用乳化剤はその分子中の疎水基部分に共重合性の不飽和基を有し、重合性モノマー、殊にビニル系モノマー等との共重合性に優れ、ポリマー組成に組み込まれやすい。そのため、共重合性の反応性乳化剤として、ポリマーエマルションから得られたポリマーフィルム中に遊離した状態で存在する乳化剤量が著しく減少し、フィルムの耐水性、接着性、耐熱性、耐候性などの諸特性向上に極めて優れた効果を発揮する。かつポリマーエマルションの泡立ち、機械安定性等が著しく改善される。
[Action, other]
The emulsifier for emulsion polymerization of the present invention has a copolymerizable unsaturated group in the hydrophobic group portion of the molecule, is excellent in copolymerizability with polymerizable monomers, particularly vinyl monomers, and is incorporated into the polymer composition. Cheap. For this reason, the amount of emulsifier present in the polymer film obtained from the polymer emulsion as a copolymerizable reactive emulsifier is remarkably reduced, and various properties such as water resistance, adhesiveness, heat resistance, and weather resistance of the film are reduced. Demonstrates extremely excellent effects in improving characteristics. In addition, foaming and mechanical stability of the polymer emulsion are remarkably improved.
さらに、ジオキサンやアルデヒド類などの有害物質を大幅に低減したポリマーエマルションを得ることができる。 Furthermore, a polymer emulsion in which harmful substances such as dioxane and aldehydes are greatly reduced can be obtained.
本発明の乳化重合用乳化剤を添加して得られるポリマーエマルションは、例えば接着剤、被覆剤、含浸補強剤等として、木材、金属、紙、布、その他コンクリートなどに適用することができる。また、エマルションあるいはラテックスから取り出したポリマーは樹脂、ゴム、ポリマー改質剤等に使用することができる。 The polymer emulsion obtained by adding the emulsifier for emulsion polymerization of the present invention can be applied to wood, metal, paper, cloth, other concrete, etc. as, for example, an adhesive, a coating agent, and an impregnation reinforcing agent. Further, the polymer taken out from the emulsion or latex can be used as a resin, rubber, polymer modifier and the like.
以下、実施例および比較例により本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの例によりなんら限定されることはない。なお、文中「部」は特に記載がない限り質量基準である。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example demonstrate this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited at all by these examples. In the text, “part” is based on mass unless otherwise specified.
〈製造例１〉
撹拌機、窒素導入管、及び温度計を備えた反応器にアクリル酸１０８部、触媒として三フッ化ホウ素エーテル錯体、重合禁止剤としてハイドロキノンを加えて仕込み、５０℃までの温度で炭素数１２、１４のα−オレフィンエポキシド（ＡＯＥ Ｘ２４、ダイセル化学工業（株）製）を１９６部を滴下し、６０℃にて６時間撹拌反応を行った。精製により過剰のアクリル酸を除去して中間体Ａを得た。
<Production Example 1>
A reactor equipped with a stirrer, a nitrogen introducing tube, and a thermometer was charged with 108 parts of acrylic acid, boron trifluoride ether complex as a catalyst, and hydroquinone as a polymerization inhibitor, and charged with a carbon number of 12 at a temperature up to 50 ° C. 196 parts of 14 α-olefin epoxide (AOE X24, manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 6 hours. Excess acrylic acid was removed by purification to obtain Intermediate A.
次に、中間体Ａに触媒として三フッ化ホウ素エーテル錯体、重合禁止剤としてハイドロキノンを加え、８０℃に昇温して、グリシドール２２２部を２時間かけて滴下し、さらに６時間撹拌して中間体Ａのグリセリン３モル付加体を得た。これに水を加え陽イオン交換樹脂および陰イオン交換樹脂を通過させ精製した後、減圧脱水して本発明品の乳化重合用乳化剤Ａを得た。 Next, boron trifluoride ether complex as a catalyst and hydroquinone as a polymerization inhibitor are added to intermediate A, the temperature is raised to 80 ° C., 222 parts of glycidol is added dropwise over 2 hours, and the mixture is further stirred for 6 hours. A glycerin 3 mol adduct of body A was obtained. Water was added to this and purified by passing through a cation exchange resin and an anion exchange resin, followed by dehydration under reduced pressure to obtain an emulsifier A for emulsion polymerization of the present invention.
〈製造例２〉
撹拌機、窒素導入管、及び温度計を備えた反応器にメタクリル酸１２９部、触媒として活性白土、重合禁止剤としてハイドロキノンを加えて仕込み、６０℃までの温度で炭素数１２、１４のα−オレフィンエポキシド（エポサイザーＭ−２４、大日本インキ化学工業（株）製）を１９６部を滴下し、７０℃にて６時間撹拌反応を行った。精製により過剰のメタクリル酸を除去して中間体Ｂを得た。
<Production Example 2>
129 parts of methacrylic acid, activated clay as a catalyst, and hydroquinone as a polymerization inhibitor are added to a reactor equipped with a stirrer, a nitrogen introducing tube, and a thermometer, and charged with α-carbon having 12 and 14 carbon atoms at a temperature up to 60 ° C 196 parts of olefin epoxide (Eposizer M-24, manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) was added dropwise, and the reaction was stirred at 70 ° C. for 6 hours. Excess methacrylic acid was removed by purification to obtain Intermediate B.
次に、中間体Ｂに触媒として三フッ化ホウ素エーテル錯体、重合禁止剤としてハイドロキノンを加え、８０℃に昇温して、グリシドール７４０部を２時間かけて滴下し、さらに６時間撹拌して中間体Ａのグリセリン１０モル付加体を得た。これに水を加え陽イオン交換樹脂および陰イオン交換樹脂を通過させ精製した後、減圧脱水して本発明品の乳化重合用乳化剤Ｂを得た。 Next, boron trifluoride ether complex as a catalyst and hydroquinone as a polymerization inhibitor are added to intermediate B, the temperature is raised to 80 ° C., 740 parts of glycidol is added dropwise over 2 hours, and the mixture is further stirred for 6 hours. The glycerin 10 mol adduct of the body A was obtained. Water was added to this and purified by passing through a cation exchange resin and an anion exchange resin, followed by dehydration under reduced pressure to obtain an emulsifier B for emulsion polymerization of the present invention.
〈製造例３〉
製造例１の方法に準じて、アクリル酸及び炭素数１２、１４のα−オレフィンエポキシドの代わりにアクリルアミドを１０７部、炭素数１４のα−オレフィンエポキシド（Ｖｉｋｏｌｏｘ１４、ＡＲＫＥＭＡ社製）２１２部、またグリシドールを２９６部とした以外は同様の条件で反応して本発明品の乳化重合用乳化剤Ｃを得た。
<Production Example 3>
In accordance with the method of Production Example 1, 107 parts of acrylamide instead of acrylic acid and α-olefin epoxide having 12 or 14 carbon atoms, 212 parts of α-olefin epoxide having 14 carbon atoms (Vikolox14, manufactured by ARKEMA), or glycidol The reaction was carried out under the same conditions except that the amount was changed to 296 parts to obtain an emulsifier C for emulsion polymerization of the present invention.
〈製造例４〉
製造例２の方法に準じて、炭素数１２、１４のα−オレフィンエポキシドの代わりに炭素数１２〜１４の分岐型α−オレフィンエポキシド１９８部、またグリシドールを２２２０部とした以外は同様の条件で反応して本発明品の乳化重合用乳化剤Ｄを得た。
<Production Example 4>
In the same manner as in Production Example 2, except that 198 parts of branched α-olefin epoxide having 12 to 14 carbon atoms and 2220 parts of glycidol were used instead of α-olefin epoxide having 12 and 14 carbon atoms. By reacting, an emulsifier D for emulsion polymerization of the product of the present invention was obtained.
〈製造例５〉
製造例１の方法に準じて、炭素数１２、１４のα−オレフィンエポキシドの代わりに炭素数１６の分岐型α−オレフィンエポキシドを２４０部、またグリシドールを３７０部とした以外は同様の条件で反応して本発明品の乳化重合用乳化剤Ｅを得た。
<Production Example 5>
According to the method of Production Example 1, the reaction was conducted under the same conditions except that 240 parts of branched α-olefin epoxide having 16 carbon atoms and 370 parts of glycidol were used instead of α-olefin epoxide having 12 or 14 carbon atoms. Thus, an emulsifier E for emulsion polymerization of the product of the present invention was obtained.
〈製造例６〉
製造例２の方法に準じて、炭素数１２、１４のα−オレフィンエポキシドの代わりに炭素数１６、１８のα−オレフィンエポキシド（エポサイザーＭ−６８、大日本インキ化学工業（株）製）２５２部、またグリシドールを４４４０部とした以外は同様の条件で反応して本発明品の乳化重合用乳化剤Ｆを得た。
<Production Example 6>
According to the method of Production Example 2, instead of the α-olefin epoxide having 12 or 14 carbon atoms, 252 parts of the α-olefin epoxide having 16 or 18 carbon atoms (Eposizer M-68, manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) The emulsifier F for emulsion polymerization of the present invention was obtained by reacting under the same conditions except that the amount of glycidol was changed to 4440 parts.
〈製造例７〉
中間体を得るまでの工程を製造例１の方法に準じて反応を行い、炭素数１２、１４のα−オレフィンエポキシドの代わりに、炭素数１２のα−オレフィンエポキシド（Ｖｉｋｏｌｏｘ１２、ＡＲＫＥＭＡ社製）１８４部として中間体Ｇ、またグリシドールを１４８部として中間体Ｇのグリセリン２モル付加体を得た。
<Production Example 7>
The process until obtaining the intermediate is carried out according to the method of Production Example 1, and instead of the α-olefin epoxide having 12 or 14 carbon atoms, the α-olefin epoxide having 12 carbon atoms (Vikolox12, manufactured by ARKEMA) 184 Intermediate G as a part and glycerin 2 mol adduct of Intermediate G as 148 parts of glycidol were obtained.
これにスルファミン酸１００部を仕込み１００℃で３時間反応させて、硫酸エステル化を行った。未反応スルファミン酸を除去して、本発明品の乳化重合用乳化剤Ｇを得た。 This was charged with 100 parts of sulfamic acid and reacted at 100 ° C. for 3 hours to effect sulfate esterification. Unreacted sulfamic acid was removed to obtain an emulsifier G for emulsion polymerization of the present invention.
〈製造例８〉
中間体を得るまでの工程を製造例２の方法に準じて反応を行い、メタクリル酸の代わりに、メタクリルアミドを１２７部として中間体Ｈ、またグリシドールを２９６部として中間体Ｈのグリセリン４モル付加体を得た。
<Production Example 8>
The steps until obtaining the intermediate are reacted according to the method of Preparation Example 2, and instead of methacrylic acid, 127 parts of methacrylamide is used as intermediate H, and 296 parts of glycidol is added as glycerol with 4 moles of glycerol. Got the body.
これにスルファミン酸１００部を仕込み１００℃で３時間反応させて、硫酸エステル化を行った。未反応スルファミン酸を除去した後、モノエタノールアミンで中和して本発明品の乳化重合用乳化剤Ｈを得た。 This was charged with 100 parts of sulfamic acid and reacted at 100 ° C. for 3 hours to effect sulfate esterification. After removing the unreacted sulfamic acid, the product was neutralized with monoethanolamine to obtain an emulsifier H for emulsion polymerization of the present invention.
〈製造例９〉
中間体を得るまでの工程を製造例１の方法に準じて反応を行い、炭素数１２、１４のα−オレフィンエポキシドの代わりに、炭素数１４のα−オレフィンエポキシド（Ｖｉｋｏｌｏｘ１４、ＡＲＫＥＭＡ社製）２１２部として中間体Ｉ、またグリシドールを７４０部として中間体Ｉのグリセリン１０モル付加体を得た。
<Production Example 9>
The steps until obtaining the intermediate are reacted according to the method of Production Example 1, and instead of the α-olefin epoxide having 12 or 14 carbon atoms, the α-olefin epoxide having 14 carbon atoms (Vikolox14, manufactured by ARKEMA) 212 Intermediate I as a part, and glycerin 10 mol adduct of Intermediate I as 740 parts of glycidol were obtained.
これにスルファミン酸１００部を仕込み１００℃で３時間反応させて、硫酸エステル化を行った。未反応スルファミン酸を除去した後、イソプロピルアルコールに溶解して中和当量の水酸化ナトリウムを加えた後、減圧トッピングして本発明品の乳化重合用乳化剤Ｉを得た。 This was charged with 100 parts of sulfamic acid and reacted at 100 ° C. for 3 hours to effect sulfate esterification. After removing unreacted sulfamic acid, it was dissolved in isopropyl alcohol, neutralized equivalent amount of sodium hydroxide was added, and then topped under reduced pressure to obtain an emulsifier I for emulsion polymerization of the present invention.
〈製造例１０〉
中間体を得るまでの工程を製造例１の方法に準じて反応を行い、炭素数１２、１４のα−オレフィンエポキシドの代わりに、炭素数１４の分岐型α−オレフィンエポキシド２１２部として中間体Ｊ、またグリシドールを３７０部として中間体Ｊのグリセリン５モル付加体を得た。
<Production Example 10>
The steps until obtaining the intermediate are reacted according to the method of Production Example 1, and instead of α-olefin epoxide having 12 or 14 carbon atoms, 212 parts of branched α-olefin epoxide having 14 carbon atoms is used as intermediate J Further, glycerin 5 mol adduct of Intermediate J was obtained with 370 parts of glycidol.
これに無水リン酸４５部を仕込み８０℃で３時間反応させて、リン酸エステル化して本発明品の乳化重合用乳化剤Ｊを得た。 This was charged with 45 parts of phosphoric anhydride and reacted at 80 ° C. for 3 hours to form a phosphoric ester to obtain an emulsifier J for emulsion polymerization of the present invention.
〈製造例１１〉
中間体を得るまでの工程を製造例１の方法に準じて反応を行い、炭素数１２、１４のα−オレフィンエポキシドの代わりに、炭素数１６の分岐型α−オレフィンエポキシドを２４０部として中間体Ｋ、またグリシドールを３７０部として中間体Ｋのグリセリン３モル付加体を得た。
<Production Example 11>
The process until obtaining the intermediate is carried out according to the method of Production Example 1, and instead of the α-olefin epoxide having 12 or 14 carbon atoms, 240 parts of the branched α-olefin epoxide having 16 carbon atoms is used as an intermediate. An glycerin 3 mol adduct of Intermediate K was obtained using 370 parts of K and glycidol.
これに無水マレイン酸１００部を仕込み８０℃で２時間反応させた後、無水亜硫酸ナトリウムによりスルホン化して本発明品の乳化重合用乳化剤Ｋを得た。 This was charged with 100 parts of maleic anhydride, reacted at 80 ° C. for 2 hours, and then sulfonated with anhydrous sodium sulfite to obtain an emulsifier K for emulsion polymerization of the present invention.
〈製造例１２〉
中間体を得るまでの工程を製造例２の方法に準じて反応を行い、炭素数１２、１４のα−オレフィンエポキシドの代わりに炭素数１６、１８のα−オレフィンエポキシド（エポサイザーＭ−６８、大日本インキ化学工業（株）製）２５２部として中間体Ｌ、またグリシドールを５１８部として中間体Ｌのグリセリン７モル付加体を得た。
<Production Example 12>
The steps until obtaining the intermediate are reacted according to the method of Production Example 2, and instead of the α-olefin epoxide having 12 or 14 carbon atoms, the α-olefin epoxide having 16 or 18 carbon atoms (Eposizer M-68, large 252 parts of Intermediate L, and 518 parts of glycidol were obtained as a glycerin 7 mol adduct of Intermediate L.
これにスルファミン酸１００部を仕込み１００℃で３時間反応させて、硫酸エステル化を行った。未反応スルファミン酸を除去して、本発明品の乳化重合用乳化剤Ｌを得た。 This was charged with 100 parts of sulfamic acid and reacted at 100 ° C. for 3 hours to effect sulfate esterification. Unreacted sulfamic acid was removed to obtain an emulsifier L for emulsion polymerization of the present invention.
〈製造例１３〉
中間体を得るまでの工程を製造例１の方法に準じて反応を行い、炭素数１２、１４のα−オレフィンエポキシドの代わりに炭素数１６、１８のα−オレフィンエポキシド（ＡＯＥ Ｘ６８、ダイセル化学工業（株）製）２５２部として中間体Ｍ、またグリシドールを２２２０部として中間体Ｍのグリセリン３０モル付加体を得た。
<Production Example 13>
The steps until obtaining the intermediate are reacted according to the method of Production Example 1, and instead of the α-olefin epoxide having 12 or 14 carbon atoms, the α-olefin epoxide having 16 or 18 carbon atoms (AOE X68, Daicel Chemical Industries) 252 parts of Intermediate M and 2220 parts of glycidol were used to obtain a 30 mol adduct of Intermediate M with glycerin.
これにモノクロル酢酸ナトリウム１１６部と触媒として水酸化ナトリウムを仕込み５０℃で１５時間反応させてエーテルカルボキシル化した後、中和、精製して本発明品の乳化重合用乳化剤Ｍを得た。 This was charged with 116 parts of sodium monochloroacetate and sodium hydroxide as a catalyst, reacted at 50 ° C. for 15 hours, ether carboxylated, neutralized and purified to obtain an emulsifier M for emulsion polymerization of the present invention.
〈実施例及び比較例〉
実施例及び比較例に用いた乳化重合用乳化剤は表１の通りである。
<Examples and Comparative Examples>
Table 1 shows emulsifiers for emulsion polymerization used in Examples and Comparative Examples.
〈使用例１〉
アクリル酸ブチル１００部、スチレン１００部、イオン交換水２９０部および乳化重合用乳化剤１０部を混合して混合モノマー乳濁液を調製し、窒素ガスにて溶存酸素を除去した。次に攪拌機、還流冷却器、温度計および滴下漏斗を備えた反応器に、上記混合モノマー乳濁液を１００部仕込み、８０℃に昇温し、過硫酸カリウム０．５部を加えて先行重合させた。次いで、重合開始１０分後より３時間かけて残りの混合モノマー乳濁液４００部を滴下して重合させた。さらに、続けて重合温度にて２時間熟成した後、冷却してポリマーエマルションを得た。
<Usage example 1>
A mixed monomer emulsion was prepared by mixing 100 parts of butyl acrylate, 100 parts of styrene, 290 parts of ion-exchanged water and 10 parts of an emulsifier for emulsion polymerization, and dissolved oxygen was removed with nitrogen gas. Next, a reactor equipped with a stirrer, a reflux condenser, a thermometer and a dropping funnel was charged with 100 parts of the above mixed monomer emulsion, heated to 80 ° C., and 0.5 parts of potassium persulfate was added for prepolymerization. I let you. Next, 400 parts of the remaining mixed monomer emulsion was dropped over 3 hours from 10 minutes after the start of polymerization, and polymerization was performed. Further, after aging for 2 hours at the polymerization temperature, the mixture was cooled to obtain a polymer emulsion.
使用した乳化重合用乳化剤は表２に示す通りである。また、本発明品のＡ〜Ｆ及び比較品Ｃ、Ｄ、Ｆについては併用アニオン性乳化剤としてラウリル硫酸エステルナトリウム塩を乳化重合用乳化剤の内１０重量％使用した。 The emulsifiers for emulsion polymerization used are as shown in Table 2. For the products A to F of the present invention and the comparative products C, D, and F, 10% by weight of emulsifier for emulsion polymerization was used as a combined anionic emulsifier.
使用した乳化重合用乳化剤のジオキサン及びホルムアルデヒドの含有量、及び得られたポリマーエマルションについて、重合安定性、機械安定性、粒子径、起泡性、フィルムの光沢性をそれぞれ評価した。評価方法は以下の通りである。結果は表２に示す。 The contents of dioxane and formaldehyde of the emulsifier for emulsion polymerization used, and the obtained polymer emulsion were evaluated for polymerization stability, mechanical stability, particle diameter, foaming property, and film glossiness, respectively. The evaluation method is as follows. The results are shown in Table 2.
［ジオキサン及びホルムアルデヒドの含有量］
乳化重合用乳化剤に含まれるジオキサンをＧＣ、ホルムアルデヒドをアセチルアセトン法を用い吸光光度法で定量を行った。その結果を、ジオキサン量が１ｐｐｍ未満：○、１〜１０ｐｐｍ：△、１０ｐｐｍ以上：×、ホルムアルデヒド量が１ｐｐｍ未満：○、１〜１０ｐｐｍ：△、１０ｐｐｍ以上：×、として示す。
[Contents of dioxane and formaldehyde]
The dioxane contained in the emulsifier for emulsion polymerization was determined by spectrophotometry using GC and formaldehyde using the acetylacetone method. The results are shown as dioxane content less than 1 ppm: ◯, 1-10 ppm: Δ, 10 ppm or more: x, formaldehyde content less than 1 ppm: ◯, 1-10 ppm: Δ, 10 ppm or more: x.
［重合安定性］
重合後のポリマーエマルションを８０メッシュのろ布を用いてろ過し、ろ布上の残渣を水洗後、乾燥し、その重量をエマルションの固形分に対し％で示す。
[Polymerization stability]
The polymer emulsion after polymerization is filtered using an 80-mesh filter cloth, and the residue on the filter cloth is washed with water and dried, and the weight is expressed in% with respect to the solid content of the emulsion.
［機械安定性］
ポリマーエマルション５０ｇをマーロン型試験器にて荷重１０ｋｇ、回転数１０００ｒｐｍで５分間撹拌し、生成した凝集物を８０メッシュの金網でろ過し、残渣を水洗後、乾燥し、その重量をエマルションの固形分に対し％で示す。
[Machine stability]
50 g of the polymer emulsion was stirred with a Marlon tester at a load of 10 kg and a rotational speed of 1000 rpm for 5 minutes, the resulting aggregate was filtered through an 80 mesh wire mesh, the residue was washed with water and dried, and its weight was determined as the solid content of the emulsion. In%.
［粒子径］
動的光散乱式粒度分布測定装置（日機装製 ＭＩＣＲＯＴＲＡＣ ＵＰＡ９３４０）にて測定し、μｍで示す。
[Particle size]
It is measured with a dynamic light scattering type particle size distribution analyzer (MICROTRAC UPA9340 manufactured by Nikkiso), and is shown in μm.
［起泡性］
エマルションを水で２倍希釈し、１００ｍｌネスラー管に３０ｃｃ入れ、３０回倒立させてから静置５分後における泡の量（ｍｌ）を測定した。
[Foaming]
The emulsion was diluted 2-fold with water, put in 30 cc in a 100 ml Nessler tube, inverted 30 times, and then the amount of foam (ml) after 5 minutes of standing was measured.
［フィルムの光沢性］
ガラスプレート上に０．５ｍｍ（ｗｅｔ）のエマルション膜を作り、室温で２４時間放置してフィルムを作成した。このフィルムの光沢性を目視にて観察し３段階で評価した。その結果を、優れる：○、可：△、不可：×、として示す。
[Glossiness of film]
A 0.5 mm (wet) emulsion film was formed on a glass plate and allowed to stand at room temperature for 24 hours to prepare a film. The glossiness of this film was visually observed and evaluated in three stages. The results are shown as excellent: ◯, acceptable: Δ, impossible: x.
〈使用例２〉
攪拌機、還流冷却器、温度計および滴下漏斗を備えた反応器に、イオン交換水１３５部、緩衝剤として炭酸水素ナトリウム０．５部を仕込み、８０℃まで昇温させ、窒素ガスにて水中の溶存酸素を除去した。これとは別にメタクリル酸メチル７５部、アクリル酸エチル１７１部、アクリル酸４部、乳化重合用乳化剤８部、イオン交換水１１０部とを混合して、モノマーエマルションを調製した。次に、上記で調製したモノマーエマルション４０部を一括して上記反応容器に添加し、１０分間撹拌後、重合開始剤である過硫酸アンモニウム０．５部を加え、１０分間撹拌した。次に残りのモノマーエマルションを３時間かけて滴下して重合反応を行い、４０℃まで冷却後、アンモニア水でｐＨ８〜９に調整してポリマーエマルションを得た。
<Usage example 2>
A reactor equipped with a stirrer, reflux condenser, thermometer and dropping funnel was charged with 135 parts of ion-exchanged water and 0.5 part of sodium bicarbonate as a buffering agent, heated to 80 ° C. Dissolved oxygen was removed. Separately, 75 parts of methyl methacrylate, 171 parts of ethyl acrylate, 4 parts of acrylic acid, 8 parts of an emulsifier for emulsion polymerization, and 110 parts of ion-exchanged water were mixed to prepare a monomer emulsion. Next, 40 parts of the monomer emulsion prepared above were added all at once to the reaction vessel, and after stirring for 10 minutes, 0.5 part of ammonium persulfate as a polymerization initiator was added and stirred for 10 minutes. Next, the remaining monomer emulsion was added dropwise over 3 hours to conduct a polymerization reaction, cooled to 40 ° C., and adjusted to pH 8-9 with aqueous ammonia to obtain a polymer emulsion.
使用した乳化重合用乳化剤は表３に示す通りである。また、本発明品のＡ〜Ｆ及び比較品Ｃ、Ｄ、Ｆについては併用アニオン性乳化剤として直鎖アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム塩を乳化重合用乳化剤の内１０重量％使用した。 The emulsifiers for emulsion polymerization used are as shown in Table 3. For the products A to F of the present invention and the comparative products C, D, and F, linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid sodium salt was used in an amount of 10% by weight of the emulsifier for emulsion polymerization as a combined anionic emulsifier.
得られたポリマーエマルションについて、重合安定性、粒子径、ＶＯＣ量、未反応乳化剤量、耐水性をそれぞれ評価した。重合安定性、粒子径の評価方法は上記と同様である。ＶＯＣ量、未反応乳化剤量、耐水性評価方法は以下の通りである。結果は表３に示す。 The obtained polymer emulsion was evaluated for polymerization stability, particle diameter, VOC amount, unreacted emulsifier amount, and water resistance. The evaluation methods for polymerization stability and particle diameter are the same as described above. The amount of VOC, the amount of unreacted emulsifier, and the water resistance evaluation method are as follows. The results are shown in Table 3.
［ＶＯＣ量］
ポリマーエマルションに含まれるＶＯＣ量をヘッドスペースＧＣにより測定を行った。その結果を、１０ｐｐｍ未満：○、１０〜５０ｐｐｍ：△、５０ｐｐｍ以上：×、として示す。
[VOC amount]
The amount of VOC contained in the polymer emulsion was measured by headspace GC. The results are shown as less than 10 ppm: ◯, 10-50 ppm: Δ, 50 ppm or more: x.
［未反応乳化剤量］
ポリマーエマルションにメタノールを加えて、ポリマーを凝固し、遠心分離処理後、その上澄みを用い、ＨＰＬＣ−ＭＳ法にて未反応乳化剤量を測定し、％で示す。
[Unreacted emulsifier amount]
Methanol is added to the polymer emulsion to solidify the polymer, and after centrifugation, the amount of unreacted emulsifier is measured by the HPLC-MS method using the supernatant, and is shown in%.
［耐水性試験］
ガラス板上に０．５ｍｍ厚のポリマーフィルムを作製し、これを水に浸漬し、前記ポリマーフィルムを透して４．５ポイント文字が読めなくなるまでの時間を測定した。その結果を、３００時間以上：○、３００〜２００時間：△、２００時間未満：×、として示す。
[Water resistance test]
A polymer film having a thickness of 0.5 mm was prepared on a glass plate, immersed in water, and the time until 4.5 point characters could not be read through the polymer film was measured. The results are shown as 300 hours or more: ◯, 300 to 200 hours: Δ, less than 200 hours: x.
〈使用例３〉
攪拌機、還流冷却器、温度計および滴下漏斗を備えた反応器に、イオン交換水２５０部を仕込み、８０℃まで昇温させ、窒素ガスにて水中の溶存酸素を除去した。次にアクリル酸ブチル１２５部とアクリル酸２−エチルヘキシル１２５部に乳化重合用乳化剤５部を溶解させた混合モノマー液のうち５０部を反応器に仕込み、次いで過硫酸アンモニウム０．５部を加えて先行重合させ、重合開始１０分後より３時間かけて残りの混合モノマー液２０５部を滴下して重合させた。続けて重合温度にてさらに２時間熟成した後、４０℃まで冷却後、アンモニア水でｐＨ８〜９に調整してポリマーエマルションを得た。
<Usage example 3>
A reactor equipped with a stirrer, a reflux condenser, a thermometer, and a dropping funnel was charged with 250 parts of ion-exchanged water, heated to 80 ° C., and dissolved oxygen in water was removed with nitrogen gas. Next, 50 parts of a mixed monomer solution prepared by dissolving 5 parts of an emulsifier for emulsion polymerization in 125 parts of butyl acrylate and 125 parts of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate was charged into the reactor, and then 0.5 part of ammonium persulfate was added to the reactor. Polymerization was performed, and the remaining 205 parts of the mixed monomer solution was added dropwise over 3 hours from 10 minutes after the start of the polymerization. Subsequently, the mixture was further aged for 2 hours at the polymerization temperature, cooled to 40 ° C., and adjusted to pH 8-9 with aqueous ammonia to obtain a polymer emulsion.
使用した乳化重合用乳化剤は表４に示す通りである。また、本発明品のＨ、Ｉ、Ｊ及び比較品のＡ、Ｂ、Ｅについては併用ノニオン性乳化剤としてポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテル（ＥＯ３０モル付加体）を乳化重合用乳化剤の内１０重量％使用した。 The emulsifiers for emulsion polymerization used are as shown in Table 4. Further, for H, I, J of the present invention and A, B, E of the comparative products, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (EO 30 mol adduct) was used as a combined nonionic emulsifier in an amount of 10% by weight of the emulsifier for emulsion polymerization. .
得られたポリマーエマルションについて、重合安定性、機械安定性、未反応乳化剤量、耐熱着色性、接着性をそれぞれ評価した。重合安定性、機械安定性、未反応乳化剤量の評価方法は上記と同様である。耐熱着色性、接着性の評価方法は以下の通りである。結果は表４に示す。 About the obtained polymer emulsion, polymerization stability, mechanical stability, the amount of unreacted emulsifier, heat-resistant coloring property, and adhesiveness were evaluated, respectively. The evaluation methods for polymerization stability, mechanical stability, and amount of unreacted emulsifier are the same as described above. The evaluation methods for heat resistant colorability and adhesiveness are as follows. The results are shown in Table 4.
［耐熱着色性］
ガラス板上に０．５ｍｍ厚のポリマーフィルムを作製し、２００℃に調整した熱風乾燥器内で３０分間熱処理して、ポリマーフィルムの着色を目視で観察した。その結果を、全く着色が認められない：○、淡い黄色に着色している：△、濃い褐色に着色している：×、として示す。
[Heat resistant coloring]
A polymer film having a thickness of 0.5 mm was prepared on a glass plate, heat-treated for 30 minutes in a hot air drier adjusted to 200 ° C., and coloring of the polymer film was visually observed. The results are shown as no coloring at all: ◯, pale yellow: Δ, dark brown: x.
［接着性］
５ｃｍ幅に切ったＰＥＴフィルム上にエマルションを２５μｍ（ｄｒｙ）の厚さに塗工し、熱処理した後ＳＵＳ板に貼り付け、ローラ圧着する。接着面が５ｃｍ×５ｃｍとなるようにフィルムを剥がし、フィルムの端に２００ｇの重りを吊り下げて剥がれるまでの時間（秒）を測定した。
[Adhesiveness]
The emulsion is applied to a thickness of 25 μm (dry) on a PET film cut to a width of 5 cm, heat-treated, then attached to a SUS plate, and roller-pressed. The film was peeled off so that the adhesive surface was 5 cm × 5 cm, and a time (second) until the film was peeled off by hanging a weight of 200 g on the edge of the film was measured.
〈使用例４〉
攪拌機、還流冷却器、温度計および滴下漏斗を備えた反応器に、イオン交換水１３１部、緩衝剤として炭酸水素ナトリウム０．５部を仕込み、７０℃まで昇温させ、窒素ガスにて水中の溶存酸素を除去した。これとは別に酢酸ビニル２５０部、乳化重合用乳化剤８部、イオン交換水１１０部とを混合して、モノマーエマルションを調製した。次に、上記で調製したモノマーエマルション４０部を一括して上記反応容器に添加し、１０分間撹拌後、重合開始剤である過硫酸アンモニウム０．５部を加え、１０分間撹拌した。次に残りのモノマーエマルションを３時間かけて滴下して重合反応を行い、４０℃まで冷却後、アンモニア水でｐＨ８〜９に調整してポリマーエマルションを得た。使用した乳化重合用乳化剤は表５に示す通りである。
<Usage example 4>
A reactor equipped with a stirrer, reflux condenser, thermometer and dropping funnel was charged with 131 parts of ion-exchanged water and 0.5 part of sodium bicarbonate as a buffering agent, heated to 70 ° C. Dissolved oxygen was removed. Separately, 250 parts of vinyl acetate, 8 parts of an emulsifier for emulsion polymerization, and 110 parts of ion-exchanged water were mixed to prepare a monomer emulsion. Next, 40 parts of the monomer emulsion prepared above were added all at once to the reaction vessel, and after stirring for 10 minutes, 0.5 part of ammonium persulfate as a polymerization initiator was added and stirred for 10 minutes. Next, the remaining monomer emulsion was added dropwise over 3 hours to conduct a polymerization reaction, cooled to 40 ° C., and adjusted to pH 8-9 with aqueous ammonia to obtain a polymer emulsion. The emulsifiers for emulsion polymerization used are as shown in Table 5.
得られたポリマーエマルションについて、重合安定性、粒子径、接着性をそれぞれ評価した。重合安定性、粒子径評価方法は上記の評価方法と同様である。接着性の評価方法は以下の通りである。結果を表５に示す。 The obtained polymer emulsion was evaluated for polymerization stability, particle diameter, and adhesiveness. The polymerization stability and particle size evaluation method is the same as the above evaluation method. The evaluation method of adhesiveness is as follows. The results are shown in Table 5.
［接着性］
５ｃｍ幅に切った合板上にエマルションを２５μｍ（ｄｒｙ）の厚さに塗工し、熱処理した後５ｃｍ幅の綿製の布を貼り付け、ローラ圧着する。接着面が５ｃｍ×５ｃｍとなるように布を剥がし、はがした布の端に１Ｋｇの重りを吊り下げて剥がれるまでの時間（秒）を測定した。
[Adhesiveness]
The emulsion is coated on a plywood cut to a width of 5 cm to a thickness of 25 μm (dry), heat-treated, and then a 5 cm wide cotton cloth is affixed and roller-pressed. The cloth was peeled off so that the adhesive surface was 5 cm × 5 cm, and a time (second) until the piece was peeled off by hanging a 1 kg weight on the edge of the peeled cloth was measured.
表２〜表５の結果から、本発明にかかる乳化重合用乳化剤は、乳化剤に含まれるアルデヒドやジオキサン生成量が極めて少量であり、エマルションの重合安定性、機械安定性が良好で未反応の乳化剤量が極めて少なく、ＶＯＣなど有害な副生成物の発生を大幅に低減することができる。また、未反応の乳化剤量が少なく、得られたポリマーエマルションのフィルム光沢性、耐水性、接着性、耐熱性などの諸特性が従来の乳化重合用乳化剤を用いたものより優れることが明らかである。 From the results of Tables 2 to 5, the emulsifier for emulsion polymerization according to the present invention has a very small amount of aldehyde and dioxane produced in the emulsifier, and is an unreacted emulsifier with good polymerization stability and mechanical stability of the emulsion. The amount is extremely small, and generation of harmful by-products such as VOC can be greatly reduced. In addition, the amount of unreacted emulsifier is small, and it is clear that the obtained polymer emulsion is superior in properties such as film gloss, water resistance, adhesiveness, heat resistance and the like using conventional emulsion polymerization emulsifiers. .
本発明の乳化重合用乳化剤を添加して得られるポリマーエマルションは、例えば接着剤、被覆剤、含浸補強剤等として、木材、金属、紙、布、その他コンクリートなどに適用することができる。また、エマルションあるいはラテックスから取り出したポリマーは樹脂、ゴム、ポリマーの改質剤等に使用することができる。 The polymer emulsion obtained by adding the emulsifier for emulsion polymerization of the present invention can be applied to wood, metal, paper, cloth, other concrete, etc. as, for example, an adhesive, a coating agent, and an impregnation reinforcing agent. The polymer taken out from the emulsion or latex can be used as a resin, rubber, polymer modifier or the like.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6114868B1 (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-04-12 | 第一工業製薬株式会社 | Surfactant composition |
| JP2017511834A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2017-04-27 | ビーエイエスエフ・コーティングス・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツングＢＡＳＦ Ｃｏａｔｉｎｇｓ ＧｍｂＨ | Method for producing pigment and filler-containing preparation |
| JP2018528447A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2018-09-27 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | Resin composition and display device including black bank manufactured using the same |
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2005
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017511834A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2017-04-27 | ビーエイエスエフ・コーティングス・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツングＢＡＳＦ Ｃｏａｔｉｎｇｓ ＧｍｂＨ | Method for producing pigment and filler-containing preparation |
| JP2018528447A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2018-09-27 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | Resin composition and display device including black bank manufactured using the same |
| JP6114868B1 (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-04-12 | 第一工業製薬株式会社 | Surfactant composition |
| JP2018051484A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-05 | 第一工業製薬株式会社 | Surfactant composition |
| WO2018061533A1 (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-05 | 第一工業製薬株式会社 | Surfactant composition |
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