JP2007152465A - Boring device and machining method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a boring device which is simple in structure and improved in machining accuracy. <P>SOLUTION: The boring device 40 functions to machine an inner peripheral surface of a hole formed in a workpiece 30 by relatively moving a table 2 which is arranged on a bed 1 and has the workpiece 30 mounted thereon, and a main shaft head 4 which holds a tool and is rotatable, with respect to each other. Herein the boring device comprises an outrigger device 5 which is a fixing means for supporting and fixing the main shaft head 4 to the workpiece 30, and therefore, the main shaft head 4 is prevented from deflecting, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece 30. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a boring apparatus and a machining method using the boring apparatus, and particularly to a boring apparatus suitable for use in machining an inner surface of a long workpiece and a machining method using the boring apparatus.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a boring apparatus has been used to make a hole in a workpiece using a drilling machine, and to sharpen and widen the hole to a required dimension or to finish it precisely. As an example of such a boring apparatus, a processing apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is known. In this machining apparatus, the working fluid is supplied to and discharged from the first space in the axial rear portion and the second space in the axial forward portion of the first piston to which the valve guide hole machining tool is attached. The stability of the advancing / retreating operation of the blade portion is improved and the time required for the operation is shortened.

  Further, as another example of the above-described boring apparatus, a boring apparatus described in Patent Document 2 is known. In this processing apparatus, one end of a long tool is held and the other end or middle part of the tool to be rotated is supported by a cylindrical support surface of a support jig fixed on a table, and fluid is supplied to the support surface. By forming a hydrodynamic bearing between the support surface and the outer peripheral surface of the tool, it is possible to prevent deterioration in machining accuracy due to chatter due to contact between the cylindrical support surface of the support jig and the outer peripheral surface of the tool. ing.

  By the way, in a processing apparatus that cantilever-supports a main shaft to which a tool is fixed, such as the processing apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the length of the main shaft (processing depth by the processing apparatus) (L) / the diameter of the main shaft (D). Is set to 6 or less, and the deterioration of the machining accuracy due to the bending due to the spindle and the weight of the tool is prevented. Further, when the workpiece to be processed by the processing apparatus is long, and the numerical value of the length of the spindle / the diameter of the spindle is larger than 6, the workpiece is formed on the spindle and the workpiece. A bush is interposed between the two holes and machining is performed in this state to obtain a predetermined machining accuracy.

JP 2003-200309 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-141982

  However, although the above-described method of interposing a bush can obtain a certain degree of processing accuracy, the processing accuracy cannot be further improved. Moreover, in the boring apparatus described in Patent Document 2, since the other end of the cantilevered tool is supported by the support jig, a predetermined machining accuracy can be obtained, but the tool is more than the workpiece. There was a need to lengthen. As a result, the weight of the tool increases, and accordingly, the support jig and the column that cantilever-supports the tool need to be strengthened, which increases the cost of the processing apparatus itself. In addition, it is necessary to select a tool that matches the shape and size of the workpiece.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been proposed in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a boring apparatus having a simple structure and improved machining accuracy, and a machining method using the boring machine.

  A boring apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problem is a relative movement between a table provided on a bed and on which a workpiece is placed, and a spindle head having a spindle that can hold and rotate a tool. A boring apparatus for machining an inner peripheral surface of a hole formed in the workpiece by providing a fixing means for supporting and fixing the spindle head to the workpiece. .

  A boring apparatus according to a second invention for solving the above-described problem is the boring apparatus described in the first invention, wherein the fixing means is disposed in the vicinity of the tool. .

  A boring apparatus according to a third invention for solving the above-described problem is the boring apparatus described in the first or second invention, wherein the fixing means is provided on an outer periphery of the spindle head. And a protruding tool capable of protruding toward the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece.

  A boring apparatus according to a fourth invention for solving the above-described problem is the boring apparatus described in the third invention, wherein the fixing means is a cylinder provided on the outer periphery of the spindle head. And a piston that is connected to the projecting tool and is extendable and retractable along the longitudinal direction of the spindle head by supplying and discharging the working fluid to and from the cylinder.

  A boring apparatus according to a fifth invention for solving the above-described problem is the boring apparatus described in any one of the first to fourth inventions, wherein a plurality of the fixing means are provided. To do.

  A boring apparatus according to a sixth invention for solving the above-described problems is the boring apparatus according to any one of the first to fifth inventions, wherein the fixing means is disposed on the outer circumference of the spindle head. It is provided in the four directions.

  A machining method using a boring apparatus according to a seventh invention for solving the above-described problem includes a table provided on a bed on which a workpiece is placed, and a spindle that holds a tool and is rotatable. A spindle head, a projecting tool for supporting and fixing the spindle head to a workpiece, and a moving means for moving the projecting tool along the spindle head, and relatively moving the table and the spindle head A machining method using a boring apparatus for machining an inner peripheral surface of a hole formed in the workpiece, wherein the spindle head is inserted into the hole of the workpiece, and the moving means A position adjusting step of arranging the protruding tool in the vicinity of the spindle head, a spindle head fixing step of fixing the spindle head to the workpiece by the protruding tool, and relative movement of the spindle head and the table. And a machining step for machining the inner peripheral surface of the hole of the workpiece, and a spindle head fixing release step for releasing the fixation of the spindle head to the workpiece by the projecting tool. Are sequentially repeated.

  According to the boring apparatus according to the present invention, since the spindle head is supported and fixed to the workpiece by the fixing means, the bending of the spindle can be prevented. As a result, it is possible to improve the processing accuracy of the workpiece having a numerical value of the length of the main shaft / the diameter of the main shaft larger than 6. Further, chatter occurring during processing can be prevented and reaction force generated during processing can be obtained. As a result, processing accuracy can be improved. Further, by disposing the fixing means in the vicinity of the tool, it is possible to further prevent the main shaft from being bent and chatter generated during processing, and the processing accuracy can be further improved.

  Since the fixing means has the protruding tool, the main shaft can be easily supported and fixed to the workpiece. When the fixing means includes the cylinder and the piston, the protruding tool can be easily moved along the longitudinal direction of the main shaft. By providing a plurality of fixing means, a reaction force generated during processing can be obtained more appropriately. As a result, the processing accuracy can be further improved. Further, by providing four fixing means, the spindle head can be supported and fixed on each surface of the processed member by the fixing means when the processed member has a substantially quadrangular cross section. The resulting reaction force can be obtained more appropriately. As a result, the processing accuracy can be further improved.

  According to the machining method using the boring apparatus according to the present invention, when machining the inner peripheral surface of the hole of the workpiece, the spindle head is supported and fixed to the workpiece in the vicinity of the spindle head. By doing so, bending of the main shaft can be prevented. As a result, it is possible to improve the processing accuracy of the workpiece having a numerical value of the length of the main shaft / the diameter of the main shaft larger than 6. Further, chatter occurring during processing can be prevented and reaction force generated during processing can be obtained. As a result, processing accuracy can be improved.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the boring apparatus according to the present invention will be specifically described based on examples.

The boring apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a long right angle head in a boring apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the boring apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 3 is an enlarged view of a surrounding line III in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrows IV-IV in FIG. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a boring apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 (a) shows a state in which a tool included in the boring apparatus is inserted into a through hole of a workpiece, FIG. 5) shows a state in which the piston it has extended, FIG. 5 (c) shows a state in which the spindle head is supported and fixed to the workpiece by the projection tool it has, and FIG. 5 (d) shows a state in which the workpiece has been moved. Show.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the boring apparatus 40 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a bed 1, a table 2 provided on the bed 1 on which the workpiece 30 is placed, and a tip. A boring apparatus having a spindle head 4 that is mounted with a right angle head 3 for supporting and fixing a tool and is rotatably supported in a horizontal direction, and the spindle head 4 is supported and fixed to a workpiece 30. An outrigger device 5 which is a fixing means is provided. The workpiece 30 has a cylindrical shape with a substantially square cross section, and a plurality of protruding portions 31 are formed on the inner peripheral surface 30a of the workpiece 30 so as to protrude toward the axial center. These protrusions 31 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction and the circumferential direction of the workpiece 30. In addition, the protrusion part 31 is a mounting seat which attaches an apparatus.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the outrigger device 5 is movable along a guide rail 6 provided on the outer peripheral surface 4 a of the spindle head 4, and is a piston (movable) that is movable from the cylinder 7 by supplying and discharging the working fluid. Means) It has a projection 9 attached (connected) to the tip of 8. As shown in FIG. 4, the protrusion 9 has a piston 11 that can move in the radial direction of the main shaft from the cylinder 10 by supplying and discharging the working fluid. That is, it can protrude toward the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece 30. At the tip of the piston 11, a holding member 12 that absorbs an impact when it comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface 30 a of the workpiece 30 and holds the position at the time of contact is attached. The tip of the holding member 12 (the abutting side) is preferably spherical so that it can easily abut.

  A plurality of outrigger devices 5 having such a configuration are provided along the periphery of the spindle head 4. However, the cylinder 7 of the outrigger device is arranged extending in the longitudinal direction of the spindle head 4. The protrusions 9 are provided in four directions on the outer periphery of the spindle head 4 in FIG. 4, and when these protrusions 9 process a protrusion 31 of a member 30 to be processed by a cutting blade, which will be described later. Resist the reaction force. Examples of the working fluid include air and oil.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the spindle head 4 includes a spindle 35 and a housing 18 that is rotatably supported via a bearing 20. Depending on the size of the main shaft 35, a plurality of main shafts may be connected (in the present embodiment, five main shafts 35 a to 35 e), and adjacent main shafts may be connected by joints 13 to 16. An inertia (inertial body) 21 is attached in the vicinity of the base end side of the main shaft 35, that is, in the vicinity of the boring apparatus main body 40a. The length from the center of a milling machine 26 described later to the base end of the spindle head 4 (processing depth by the processing apparatus) is L.

  Here, the main shaft 35 and the cutting blade main shaft 23 disposed in the right angle head 3 are connected via the bevel gear 22, and the rotation of the main shaft 35 is transmitted to the cutting blade main shaft 23. Therefore, the cutting blade main shaft 23 can rotate with the direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft 35 as the axis. The position adjustment of the right angle head 3 with respect to the spindle head 4 is performed by the index worm 24. Further, the position of the right angle head 3 can be adjusted every 90 ° in the rotation direction of the main shaft 35, and is performed by the notch pin 25.

  A milling machine 26 is attached to the tip of the cutting blade spindle 23, and a plurality of cutting blades 27, which are tools, are attached near the outer periphery of the lower surface thereof. As the cutting blade spindle 23 rotates, the milling machine 26 and the cutting blade 27 are rotated. The cutting blade spindle 23 is rotatably fixed to the right angle head main body 3a of the right angle head 3 via a bearing 28.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the table 2 includes a horizontal rail 29 that is a horizontal movement means that can move in the Z-axis direction in FIG. 2, and a rotation direction movement means that can rotate around the B-axis in FIG. A rotation mechanism (not shown). That is, the table 2 can move or rotate the workpiece 30 in the horizontal direction. The workpiece 30 is installed on the table 2 so that the through hole 30b is in the horizontal direction.

  A boring apparatus main body 40a to which the spindle head 4 is attached is movable rail (X-axis direction moving means) 32 that can move in the X-axis direction in FIG. 2 and Y-axis direction (vertical direction) in FIG. And a vertical movement mechanism (vertical movement means) 33. Therefore, the spindle head 4 can move in the vertical direction or move horizontally backward. A main shaft 35 disposed in the main shaft head 4 is rotated by a main shaft motor 34 provided in the boring apparatus main body 40a.

Here, the machining operation by the boring apparatus 40 will be described with reference to FIG.
First, as shown in FIG. 5A, the spindle head 4 of the boring apparatus 40 is inserted into the through hole 30 b of the workpiece 30. However, the pistons 8 and 11 of the outrigger device 5 are in a contracted state.

  Subsequently, when the processing start position is reached, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the working fluid is supplied into the cylinder 10, the piston 8 is extended (moved), and the protrusion 9 is placed near the right angle head 3. Arrange (position adjustment process).

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 5C, the holding member 12 at the tip of the piston 11 is extended until it abuts against the inner peripheral surface 30 a of the workpiece 30, and the spindle head 4 is moved to the inner peripheral surface 30 a of the workpiece 30. (Spindle head fixing process).

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 5D, the table 2 is moved in the horizontal direction (the axial direction of the main shaft 35), and in FIG. By this movement, the cutting edge 27 comes into contact with the protrusion 31 formed on the inner peripheral surface 30a of the workpiece 30 and is processed (processing step). At this time, the holding member 12 at the tip of the piston 11 is kept in contact with the inner peripheral surface 30a of the workpiece 30 and stretched. On the other hand, the working fluid is not supplied into the cylinder 10. Therefore, the protrusion 9 moves with respect to the spindle head 4 along with the movement of the workpiece 30 due to the movement of the table 2, and the piston 8 is inserted into the cylinder 7 and contracted.

  At this time, the table 2 is moved so as not to exceed the movable range of the piston 8 relative to the cylinder 7. When further processing is to be performed after the table movement is stopped, the piston 11 is once contracted to the spindle head side (main spindle head fixing release step), and the working fluid is supplied into the cylinder 10 to move the piston 8 again (position adjustment). Process). Then, the piston 11 is protruded, and the holding member 12 is extended until it comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface 30a of the workpiece 30 to fix the spindle head 4 to the inner peripheral surface 30a of the workpiece 30 (main spindle head fixing step). Thereafter, the table 2 is moved to perform processing (processing step).

  The above-described operation of the boring apparatus 40, that is, the movement of the protruding tool 9, the fixing of the spindle head 4 by the protruding tool 9, and the processing of the protruding portion 31 of the processed member 30 accompanying the movement of the table 2 are performed. The process is repeated until approximately the center of the. The protrusion 31 in the vicinity of the other side of the workpiece 30 is processed by repeating the above-described operation with the workpiece 30 inverted.

  Therefore, according to the boring apparatus 40 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the spindle head 4 is supported and fixed to the workpiece 30 by the protruding tool 9, thereby preventing the spindle head 4 from being bent. can do. As a result, it is possible to improve the processing accuracy of the workpiece 30 in which the numerical value of the length L of the main shaft 35 / the diameter D of the main shaft is larger than 6. Further, chatter occurring during processing can be prevented and reaction force generated during processing can be obtained. As a result, processing accuracy can be improved. Further, by arranging the protruding tool 9 in the vicinity of the right angle head 3 to which the cutting edge 27 is attached, it is possible to further prevent bending of the main shaft 35 and chatter occurring during processing, and further improve processing accuracy. it can. Since the protruding tool 9 can be moved along the spindle head 4 by the piston 8, continuous machining can be performed by the feed amount by the piston 8, and the efficiency of the machining work can be improved.

  Since the outrigger device 5 has the protruding tool 9, the main shaft 35 can be easily supported and fixed to the workpiece 30. Since the outrigger device 5 includes the cylinder 7 and the piston 8, the protruding tool 9 can be easily moved along the longitudinal direction of the main shaft 35. By providing a plurality of outrigger devices 5, a reaction force generated during processing can be obtained more appropriately. As a result, the processing accuracy can be further improved. Further, by providing four outrigger devices 5, the spindle head 4 can be supported and fixed on each surface of the processed member 30 by the outrigger device 5 when the processed member 30 has a substantially square cross-sectional shape. Thus, the reaction force generated during processing can be obtained more appropriately. As a result, the processing accuracy can be further improved.

  In the above description, the processing target has a substantially rectangular cross-section, and the long cylindrical workpiece 30 has been described. However, the processing target has, for example, a circular cross-section and a long cylindrical workpiece. You may apply to. Even when applied to such a workpiece, the same effects as described above are obtained.

  In the above description, the procedure for machining the inner surface sequentially from the inlet side to the center of the through hole 30b of the workpiece 30 has been described, but the procedure for machining the inner surface sequentially from the center side of the workpiece to the inlet side. It is good, and there exists an effect similar to the above.

  In the above description, the long workpiece 40 is used as the workpiece of the machining apparatus 40. However, when the workpiece is a workpiece shorter than the main shaft, one side of the workpiece is processed. It may be made to process only from the above, and the same effects as the above are obtained.

  It should be noted that the boring apparatus according to the present embodiment is described as being processed by moving the table such that the boring apparatus main body 40a is movable in the X-axis and Y-axis directions and the table 2 is movable in the Z-axis direction. However, the boring apparatus main body 40a can be moved in the Y and Z axes, the table 2 can be moved in the X axis, and the boring apparatus main body 40a can be moved to perform machining.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for a boring apparatus and a machining method using the boring apparatus, and is particularly suitable for inner surface machining of a long workpiece, and a machining method using the boring apparatus. It is possible to use it.

It is the schematic of the long right angle head in the boring apparatus which concerns on 1st Example of this invention. 1 is a schematic view of a boring apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a surrounding line III in FIG. 2. It is IV-IV arrow sectional drawing in FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the boring apparatus which concerns on 1st Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Bed 2 Table 3 Right-angle head 4 Spindle head 5 Outrigger device 6 Guide rail 7 Cylinder 8 Piston 9 Projection tool 30 Work piece 40 Boring device

Claims (7)

The inner peripheral surface of the hole formed in the workpiece is moved by relatively moving a table provided on the bed on which the workpiece is placed and a spindle head having a spindle that can hold and rotate the tool. A boring machine for machining,
A boring apparatus comprising a fixing means for supporting and fixing the spindle head to the workpiece. A boring apparatus according to claim 1,
A boring apparatus characterized in that the fixing means is disposed in the vicinity of the tool. A boring apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
The boring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fixing means includes a projecting tool provided on an outer periphery of the spindle head and capable of projecting toward an inner peripheral surface of the workpiece. A boring apparatus according to claim 3,
The fixing means includes a cylinder provided on an outer periphery of the spindle head, and a piston that is connected to the projecting tool and is extendable and retractable along the longitudinal direction of the spindle head by supplying and discharging working fluid to and from the cylinder. Boring machine characterized by that. A boring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A boring apparatus comprising a plurality of the fixing means. A boring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The boring apparatus characterized in that the fixing means are provided in four directions on the outer circumference of the spindle head. A table provided on a bed on which a workpiece is placed; a spindle head having a spindle that holds and rotates a tool; a protrusion that supports and fixes the spindle head to the workpiece; and the protrusion A boring apparatus for moving an inner peripheral surface of a hole formed in the workpiece by moving the table and the spindle head relative to each other. A processing method used,
A position adjusting step of inserting the spindle head into the hole of the workpiece and arranging the projecting tool in the vicinity of the spindle head by the moving means; and a spindle for fixing the spindle head to the workpiece by the projecting tool A head fixing step; a machining step of relatively moving the spindle head and the table to machine the inner peripheral surface of the hole of the workpiece; and fixing the spindle head to the workpiece by the protruding tool. A machining method using a boring apparatus characterized by comprising: a spindle head fixation releasing step for releasing the step, and repeatedly performing the steps.

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