JP2007144330A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crusher which attains miniaturization of a cylinder and is excellent in work efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: This crusher is constituted so that a front inlet/outlet port 6 of working oil communicated with an hydraulic power source via a first line 14, is provided at a rear part of the front piston 5a of a front cylinder chamber 1a, and a first rear inlet/outlet port 7 of working oil communicated with the hydraulic power source is provided at a front part of the rear piston 5b of a rear cylinder chamber 1b via a second line 19, and a second rear inlet/outlet port 8 communicated with a branch line 20 of the first line 14 is provided at a rear part. The front piston 5a is linked with a drive pin 10 for opening/closing a crushing blade 2 consisting of a pair of blades 2a, 2b openably/closably pivoted thereto. A valve gear 15 is provided at an intermediate part of the first line 14 at the hydraulic power source side from the branch line 20, opening when the working oil flows toward the cylinder, and another valve gear 22 is provided on the branch line working with a higher pressure than the valve gear 15 and allowing the oil flow toward the cylinder. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a crushing apparatus to be applied when a concrete body is disassembled.

  A crusher using a hydraulic cylinder as a power source for the blade body is known as a power source for the blade body by crushing a concrete body such as a column or a beam by opening and closing a pair of blade bodies pivotably attached to each other (for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-203222

  In order to crush concrete, asphalt, wood, or the like with a blade, high pressure must be applied to the concrete or the like. For this reason, the conventional structure has a large hydraulic cylinder (diameter) and the hydraulic cylinder. In order to achieve the required crushing force, a large hydraulic pump corresponding to the above has been required.

  The present invention has been devised in order to provide a crushing apparatus that can reduce the size of the cylinder and is suitable for operation, for example, by paying attention to such drawbacks of the conventional example.

  In a cylinder having front and rear cylinder chambers, a piston rod through the partition between the cylinder chambers is accommodated, the front piston on the front cylinder chamber side at the front end of the piston rod, and the rear cylinder chamber side on the rear end A rear piston is provided, a front inlet / outlet of hydraulic fluid communicating with a hydraulic power source is provided at a rear portion of the front piston in the front cylinder chamber via a first pipe line, and a front portion of the rear piston in the rear cylinder chamber In addition, a rear first inlet / outlet of the hydraulic fluid that communicates with the hydraulic power source via a second pipeline is provided at the rear portion, and a rear second inlet / outlet that communicates with a branch passage of the first pipeline, respectively, The front piston is connected to a driving pin for opening and closing a crushing blade comprising a pair of blade bodies pivotably attached to each other so that the front end of an operating rod led out from the cylinder is protruded from the cylinder. The middle of the hydraulic power source side from the branch path Is provided with a valve device that opens when the flow of the hydraulic oil is in the cylinder direction, and the other valve device that operates at a higher pressure than the valve device to allow the flow of hydraulic oil in the cylinder direction is branched. The configuration is provided on the road.

  According to the present invention, the hydraulic oil is caused to flow only through the first pipe line to the front cylinder chamber side, so that the total flow rate of the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic source is concentrated in the cylinder chamber, and the piston speed, that is, the crushing blade The speed until the object to be crushed can be increased, and when the load, that is, the hardness of the object to be crushed, is detected, the valve device on the branch path side detects this and opens automatically. Since the load of the pistons before and after flowing into the rear chamber of the cylinder can be loaded in the crushing direction of the crushing blade with respect to the object to be crushed, a high thrust can be obtained and a crushing apparatus with good working efficiency can be provided.

  The drawings show an embodiment of the crushing apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the flow of hydraulic oil when the crushing blade is closed, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the flow, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the flow of hydraulic oil when the crushing blade is opened.

  In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylinder for opening and closing the crushing blade 2 composed of a fixed blade body 2a and a movable blade body 2b. The cylinder 1 includes a front cylinder chamber 1a and a rear cylinder chamber 1b that are arranged side by side through a partition wall 3. A piston rod 5c that passes through the partition wall 3 is disposed on the axis thereof, and a front piston 5a that moves in the front cylinder chamber 1a is disposed at the front (front) end of the piston rod 5c, and the rear piston 5c is disposed at the rear end. A rear piston 5b that moves in the cylinder chamber 1b is provided to form a piston 5, and a front inlet / outlet 6 of hydraulic oil is provided at a rear portion of the front piston 5a of the front cylinder chamber 1a, A rear first inlet / outlet 7 is provided at the front part of the rear piston 5b, and a rear second inlet / outlet 8 is provided at the rear part to communicate with the outside. The front cylinder chamber 1a passes through the front inlet / outlet 6 to the rear cylinder. Chamber 1b is the rear first entrance 7 or the rear Hydraulic oil are as in and out through the two doorway 8.

  The piston 5 is provided with an operating rod 9 projecting from the front surface of the front piston 5 a on the extension of the axis of the piston rod 5 c and led out of the cylinder 1, and its tip is connected to the movable blade body 2 b by a drive pin 10. It is pivotably connected.

  As described above, the movable blade body 2b is a set with the fixed blade body 2a to constitute the crushing blade 2, and one end on the base end side is connected to the operating rod 9 by the drive pin 10, The other end in the vicinity of the operating rod 9 is rotatably supported by a fixed blade body 2a fixed to an arm (not shown) of the crusher by a support shaft 11, and the crushing blade is moved forward by the piston rod 5c, that is, the operating rod 9. 2 is closed and rotated about the support shaft 11 to crush the object to be crushed, and the crushing blade 2 is opened by retreating to wait for the crushing operation of the next stage.

  The front inlet / outlet 6 on the front cylinder chamber 1a side of the cylinder 1 communicates with the direction control valve 13 communicating with the oil tank 12 through the first conduit 14, and the first control valve 15 is disposed on the first conduit 14. It is.

  In the embodiment, the first control valve 15 uses a counter balance valve (or a sequence valve), but it is a simple check valve (the flow of hydraulic oil in the direction of the front inlet / outlet 6 from the oil tank 12 side). ) But there is no inconvenience.

  The directional control valve 13 communicates with the oil tank 12 through first and second conduction paths 16 and 17, and a hydraulic pump 18 is provided on the first conduction path 16 so that hydraulic oil from the oil tank 12 is provided. Is sent through the directional control valve 13 to the first pipe line 14 or the second pipe line 19.

  Further, the first pipe 14 between the first control valve 15 and the front entrance 6 is provided with first and second branch paths 20 and 21 side by side sequentially from the first control valve 15 side. 14, the first branch path 20 is connected to the rear second inlet / outlet 8 provided in the rear cylinder chamber 1b via the second control valve 22 installed in the middle portion thereof, The bifurcated passage 21 is provided with a first pilot check valve 23 at an intermediate portion thereof, and communicates with a pressurizing tank 24.

  The first pilot check valve 23 is opened by the pilot pressure given from the second pipeline 19 through the first pilot pipeline 23 ′, and the working oil from the first pipeline 14 side is given through the second branch passage 21 to the above-mentioned feeding fluid. It is made to flow into the pressure tank 24.

  The second pipe line 19 and the first branch line 20, which are the signal pressure extraction source side of the first pilot check valve 23, communicate with each other through a communication path 26. The second pilot check valve 28 is arranged in series, the check valve 27 releases the flow of hydraulic oil from the second pipeline 19 side, and the second pilot check valve 28 is arranged from the first pipeline 14 side. The hydraulic pressure is released by the pilot pressure applied through the second pilot line 28 ′, and hydraulic oil from the second line 19 through the check valve 27 passes through the first branch line 20 from the rear second inlet / outlet 8 to the rear cylinder chamber of the cylinder 1. It is made to flow into 1b.

  In addition, the second branch path 21 is connected to the downstream side of the first branch path 20 at the downstream side of the first pilot check valve 23 under the pressure control of the second control valve 22 and the relay path 30. The third control valve 31 and the second check valve 32 are arranged in series on the relay passage 30 in series from the pressurized tank 24 side, and the second check valve 32 operates from the cylinder 1 side. Close the oil flow.

  The third control valve 31 and the second control valve 22 use counter balance valves (sequence valves) in the embodiment, and the third control valve 31 detects the hydraulic pressure from the first pipe line 14 as a detection path. The hydraulic fluid on the pressurized tank 24 side is made to flow down in the direction of the cylinder 1 by opening the hydraulic pressure detected and set through 31 ', and the second control valve 22 detects the hydraulic pressure from the first pipeline 14 side. The hydraulic oil detected and set through the passage 22 'is opened by the hydraulic amount, so that the hydraulic oil on the first pipeline 14 side flows down to the cylinder 1 side.

  Thus, when the hydraulic pump 18 is operated by disposing the crushing blade 2 in the state where the crushing blade 2 is opened by operating the crusher arm, the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 12 is supplied to the first control valve 15. Then, the oil flows into the front cylinder chamber 1a from the front inlet / outlet 6 through the free flow side, and at this time, the hydraulic oil generated by the hydraulic pump 18 injects the entire amount of hydraulic oil into the front cylinder chamber 1a (FIG. 2). Therefore, the front piston 5a receives it, the piston 5 advances at a high speed, and the actuating rod 9 advances accordingly, and the driving pin 10 rapidly rotates the movable blade body 2b around the support shaft 11, The movable blade 2b sandwiches the object to be crushed a with the fixed blade 2a.

  On the other hand, the third control valve 31 on the relay path 30 that detects the hydraulic pressure generated by the hydraulic pump 18 as a set value (for example, 14 Mp) through the detection path 31 ′ operates (opens), and the hydraulic oil from the pressurization tank 24 Flows into the rear chamber 1b through the rear second inlet 8 of the cylinder 1 through the valve 31 and the second check valve 32, while the hydraulic pressure on the first pipe 14 receives the pilot pressure through the pilot pipe 28 '. The pilot check valve 28 is opened, and the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 12 passes through the second conduction path 17 and the direction control valve 13, through the check valve 27 on the second pipeline 19 and the branch path 26, and the second pilot check valve 28. It flows into the first branch passage 20 and flows into the rear cylinder chamber 1b of the cylinder 1 so as to join the hydraulic oil on the pressurized tank 24 side (FIG. 2).

  Further, the hydraulic oil on the rear first inlet / outlet 7 side of the rear chamber 1b of the cylinder 1 flows out through the rear first inlet / outlet 7 as the rear piston 5b moves forward, and joins the hydraulic oil on the oil tank 12 side to check valve. Similarly to the hydraulic oil on the pressurized tank 24 side, the oil flows again into the rear cylinder chamber 1b through the rear inlet / outlet 8 through the second pilot check valve 27 and the second pilot check valve 28 (FIG. 2).

  In the rear cylinder chamber 1b of the cylinder chamber 1, negative pressure is prevented by the oil flowing into the rear second inlet / outlet 8, and the high-speed movement of the piston 5 is made smooth without causing so-called cavitation.

  During the high-speed operation of the piston, the second control valve 22 detects the oil pressure on the first pipe line 14 side through the detection path 22 ′ as being less than a set value (for example, 18 Mp), so the oil path is closed. To.

  When the crushing (clamping) operation of the object to be crushed by the crushing blade 2 is continued, the crushing operation (opening / closing operation of the crushing blade 2), that is, the cylinder 1 of the piston 5 is received by receiving the hardness (resistance) of the object to be crushed a. Therefore, the hydraulic pressure in the front cylinder chamber 1a is increased, and the hydraulic pressure in the first pipe line 14 is increased accordingly. Accordingly, the hydraulic pressure on the detection path 22 'is also increased at the same time. Has reached the set value, the second control valve 22 that has detected the oil pressure higher than the set value through the detection path 22 'is opened, and the oil pressure exceeds the set value (according to the increase in the resistance of the object to be crushed a). The hydraulic oil flows into the front cylinder chamber 1a and is injected into the rear cylinder chamber 1b through the first branch path 20 (FIG. 3).

  The hydraulic oil flowing into the front cylinder chamber 1a on the one hand and into the rear cylinder chamber 1b through the rear second inlet / outlet 8 on the other side is amplified and pressurizes the pistons 5a and 5b, and the piston 5 becomes a boost and becomes an object to be crushed. Appears at a and crushes it.

  The high-pressure hydraulic oil that has passed through the second control valve 22 is restricted from flowing into the second pipe line 19 due to the presence of the check valve 27, and the high-pressure hydraulic oil also flows from the pressurized tank 24 side. regulate.

  Further, the hydraulic oil on the rear first inlet / outlet 7 side of the rear cylinder chamber 1b is returned to the oil tank 12 through the second pipe 19 (FIG. 3), and the high pressure acts on the check valve 27. The flow to the oil tank 12 does not flow on the branch path 26.

  Then, after the crushing operation, the piston 5 is moved in the original position direction (direction in which the crushing blade is opened). This moving operation allows the hydraulic oil from the oil tank 12 to pass through the hydraulic pump 18 and the direction control valve 13. This is done by flowing into the rear chamber 1b of the cylinder 1 through the second conduit 19 through the rear first inlet / outlet 7.

  The hydraulic oil by the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic pump flowing into the rear cylinder chamber 1b through the rear first inlet / outlet 7 gives a pilot pressure to the first pilot check valve 23 through the pilot pipe line 23 ′ to release it, and as a result, the rear cylinder The hydraulic oil flowing out of the cylinder 1 from the chamber 1b through the rear second inlet / outlet 8 flows into the first pipe 14 through the free flow of the second control valve 22, and one of the pipes 14 is the first control valve 15. The flow is regulated by the gas flow, and the other side merges with the hydraulic fluid flowing out through the inlet / outlet 6 of the front cylinder chamber 1a and flows into the pressurized tank 24 through the opened first pilot check valve 23 and accumulates (FIG. 4). ).

  Note that the flow of hydraulic oil from the pressurized tank 24 side is regulated so that the pilot pressure through the detection path 31 ′ is not loaded on the third control valve 31, so that the valve 31 is kept closed. Since the pilot pressure passing through the two pilot lines 28 ′ is not applied to the second pilot check valve 28, the check valve 28 is in a closed state and passes through the second line 19 to the rear cylinder chamber 1 b through the front inlet / outlet 7. The flowing hydraulic pressure does not branch and flow through the communication path 26 to the first branch path 20 side, that is, the rear second inlet / outlet 8 side of the rear cylinder chamber 1b.

  As described above, the crusher of the embodiment opens and closes the crushing blade 2 by repeating the flow of hydraulic oil, and crushes the object to be crushed a.

  The first control valve (counter balance valve) 15 is used because the internal pressure of the pressurized tank 24 is set by the hydraulic oil flowing from the cylinder 1 through the front inlet / outlet 6 and the rear second inlet / outlet 8 after the crushing operation. When the pressure rises excessively, the first pressure control valve 15 detects the excessive rise through the detection path 15 ′ and opens, so that the hydraulic oil (hydraulic pressure) is returned to the oil tank through the direction control valve 13. This is to make it function.

Illustration. Explanatory drawing which shows the flow of the hydraulic oil at the time of a crushing blade obstruction | occlusion. Explanatory drawing which shows the flow of the hydraulic oil at the time of the crushing with a crushing blade. Explanatory drawing which shows the flow of the hydraulic oil at the time of a crushing blade open | release.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylinder 1a Front cylinder chamber 1b Rear cylinder chamber 2 Crushing blade 5a Front piston 5b Rear piston 6 Entrance 7 Front entrance 8 Rear entrance 10 Drive pin 14 First pipe line 15 First control valve 20 Branch path 22 Second control valve

Claims (1)

In a cylinder having front and rear cylinder chambers, a piston rod through the partition between the cylinder chambers is accommodated, the front piston on the front cylinder chamber side at the front end of the piston rod, and the rear cylinder chamber side on the rear end A rear piston is provided, a front inlet / outlet of hydraulic fluid communicating with a hydraulic power source is provided at a rear portion of the front piston in the front cylinder chamber via a first pipe line, and a front portion of the rear piston in the rear cylinder chamber In addition, a rear first inlet / outlet of the hydraulic fluid that communicates with the hydraulic power source via a second pipeline is provided at the rear portion, and a rear second inlet / outlet that communicates with a branch passage of the first pipeline, respectively, A front end of an operating rod that protrudes from the cylinder and protrudes from the front piston is connected to a drive pin for opening and closing a crushing blade formed of a pair of blades pivotably connected to each other, and the first pipe line Of the hydraulic power source side of the branch path The valve is provided with a valve device that is opened when the flow of the hydraulic oil is in the cylinder direction, and the hydraulic oil in the cylinder direction is detected by detecting an increase in hydraulic pressure due to a load at the time of crushing. The crushing apparatus which provided the other valve apparatus which permits the flow of this on the said branch path.

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