JP2007132222A - Fuel injection valve - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel injection valve capable of preventing adherence of deposit to an injection hole by influence of high-temperature gas along with combustion or dirty gas after the combustion, in a type having an injection hole for injecting and supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine. <P>SOLUTION: In a fuel injection valve 2 having the injection hole 21 and injecting the fuel from the injection hole 21, a shielding mechanism part 50 is provided to shield between the injection hole 21 and igniting atmosphere by the fuel injected from the injection hole 21 for an injection stop period T2 wherein fuel injection from the injection hole 21 is stopped. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel injection valve, and is suitably applied to, for example, a fuel injection device of an internal combustion engine that suppresses deposits and the like of a fuel injection valve that supplies fuel to a combustion chamber.

  As a fuel injection valve, for example, a fuel injection valve that directly or indirectly injects fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is known. Since this type of fuel injection valve is mounted on a cylinder facing an intake port or a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, an injection hole for injecting fuel is exposed to the intake port or the combustion chamber. Since the injection stop period during which injection is stopped is longer than the injection period during which the fuel injection valve injects fuel from the injection hole, the injection hole is a hot gas in the intake port or the combustion chamber, or a dirty gas after combustion. It will be exposed to.

  During such an injection stop period, deposits may be generated in the nozzle holes due to a burning flame or combustion gas containing unburned fuel, and the deposits may accumulate. When deposits are accumulated in the nozzle holes, fuel injection amount and a change in spray shape, and the like, and fuel injection characteristics related to spraying are deteriorated. Therefore, it is important to suppress deposits.

  Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 disclose a technique for suppressing deposit adhesion by cooling a tip portion such as a nozzle portion around a nozzle hole of a fuel injection valve to a predetermined temperature or lower. In this technique, the nozzle portion is obtained by using a cooling water passage in the engine head on which the fuel injection valve is mounted, or by providing a heat conduction promoting member made of a material having a high thermal conductivity between the nozzle portion and the engine head. The heat flow of the flame or combustion gas applied to is discharged to the engine head.

Patent Document 3 discloses a technique for suppressing deposit adhesion by forming a coating layer made of a liquid repellent material around an injection hole.
JP-A-9-264232 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-89192 JP-A-9-112392

  However, in the prior art disclosed in Patent Document 1 and the like, since the injection holes are exposed to high-temperature gas that is a cause of deposit generation and dirty gas after combustion, deposit adhesion cannot be completely suppressed. There is a problem.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and its purpose is to have a nozzle hole for injecting and supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine. An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel injection valve capable of preventing deposits from adhering to nozzle holes due to the influence of gas.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the following technical means.

  That is, in the invention according to the first to eleventh aspects, in the fuel injection valve that has the nozzle hole and injects the fuel from the nozzle hole, between the nozzle hole and the ignition atmosphere by the fuel injected from the nozzle hole, The present invention is characterized in that a shielding mechanism portion is provided for shielding during the injection stop period in which fuel injection from the injection hole is stopped.

  According to this, since the shielding mechanism part which shields between the injection hole and the ignition atmosphere by the fuel injected from the injection hole during the injection stop period in which the fuel injection from the injection hole is stopped is provided. The nozzle hole is not exposed to an igniting atmosphere such as high-temperature gas in the combustion chamber or dirty gas after combustion, and is protected from the influence of high-temperature gas accompanying combustion or dirty gas after combustion.

  In particular, in the invention according to claim 2, the shielding mechanism portion protects the nozzle hole from the shielding member that shields between the nozzle hole and the ignition atmosphere, and the ignition atmosphere side according to the injection stop period and the injection period. And a drive unit that drives the shielding member so as to be exposed.

  According to this, the injection hole is exposed at the time of injection, and fuel can be injected from the injection hole, and when the injection is stopped, it is shielded by the shielding member, and is protected from the influence of high-temperature gas accompanying combustion and dirty gas after combustion. The

Moreover, in invention of Claim 3, the shielding member has an opening part in the position facing a nozzle hole,
The drive unit includes a drive device that switches the opening between a shielding position where the nozzle hole is shielded and an open position where the nozzle hole is opened.

  According to this, as a configuration of the shielding member and the drive unit that shields between the nozzle hole and the ignition atmosphere during the injection stop period, the shielding member having the opening portion arranged to face the nozzle hole, and opening the shielding member by driving the shielding member The part can be constituted by a drive unit having a drive device that switches between a shielding position where the nozzle hole is shielded and an open position where the nozzle hole is opened.

  Further, in the invention according to claim 4 or 5, as a method of switching the opening between the shielding position where the nozzle hole is shielded and the opening position where the nozzle hole is opened, a shielding member having the opening is used. The nozzle is configured to be able to shield and open the nozzle hole by being rotated by the drive unit.

  In the invention according to claim 4, since the intermediate transmission member for converting the axial reciprocating motion of the driving portion into the rotational motion of the shielding member is provided between the shielding member and the driving portion, the opening portion is provided. The shielding member can be rotated by the drive unit, and thus the nozzle hole can be shielded and opened. Further, in the invention according to claim 5, since the drive unit itself is provided with a rotation drive device that enables the shield member to rotate, the shield member having the opening can be rotated by the drive unit. And therefore the nozzle hole can be shielded and opened.

In the invention according to claim 6, the shielding member has an opening capable of shielding and opening the nozzle hole against the ignition atmosphere,
The drive unit includes a drive device that switches between a closed position for closing the opening and an open position for opening the opening.

  According to this, as a configuration of the shielding member and the drive unit that shields between the nozzle hole and the ignition atmosphere during the injection stop period, the shielding member having the opening that can shield and open the nozzle hole with respect to the ignition atmosphere, and the shielding By switching the member between the closed position and the open position, it can be configured by a drive unit having a drive device that closes and opens the opening itself.

  The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that the shielding member is made of an elastic body.

  According to this, since the shielding member is made of an elastic body such as a spring material, for example, the opening can be closed and opened using an elastic force.

  In the invention according to claim 8, the drive unit according to claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 6 and claim 7 is capable of reciprocating the drive target. Any one of an electromagnetic drive member and a displacement generating member that expands and contracts by electric energy is provided.

  According to this, the drive unit can be configured by an electromagnetic drive member such as a solenoid that can reciprocate the drive target, or a displacement generating member such as a piezo element or a magnetostrictive element that expands and contracts by electric energy.

Further, the invention according to claim 9 includes the fuel injection valve according to any one of claims 2 to 8, a fuel injection valve of the fuel injection valve, and a control unit that controls the drive unit,
The control means protects the nozzle hole of the fuel injection valve by drivingly controlling the drive unit in all periods other than the injection period in which fuel is injected from the fuel injection valve toward the combustion chamber.

  As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent deposits from adhering to the nozzle hole due to the influence of high-temperature gas accompanying combustion and dirty gas after combustion.

Moreover, in invention of Claim 10, it has multiple fuel injection valves,
The control means prohibits fuel injection of one of the fuel injection valves when one of the plurality of fuel injection valves fails in any one of the drive unit and the shielding member, The fuel injection of any of the valves is permitted.

  According to this, in a case where fuel is injected and supplied to an internal combustion engine by combining a plurality of fuel injection valves, for example, when the shielding mechanism portion of any one of the plurality of fuel injection valves fails, It is preferable that the fuel injection of the failed fuel injection valve is prohibited and the fuel injection of any of the other fuel injection valves is permitted. Thereby, it is possible to avoid an influence on a fuel supply target such as an internal combustion engine to which the fuel injection valve supplies fuel due to deposit adhesion to the injection hole.

  In the invention according to claim 11, the control means includes a fuel injection valve selecting means for controlling the plurality of fuel injection valves to selectively inject fuel according to the operating state of the internal combustion engine, and a drive unit. The fuel injection is prohibited for the determination means for determining whether or not any of the shielding members is out of order and the fuel injection valve determined to be out of order by the determination means among the plurality of fuel injection valves And in the operation state which selects the fuel injection valve, it has fuel injection limiting means which permits fuel injection of any of the other fuel injection valves.

  According to this, in the unlikely event that any one of the shielding mechanisms of a plurality of fuel injection valves fails, a normal fuel injection valve other than the failed fuel injection valve is selected, and fuel is supplied to the internal combustion engine with the normal fuel injection valve. Can be supplied. Therefore, it is possible to avoid an influence on the internal combustion engine supplied with fuel by the fuel injection valve due to deposit adhesion to the injection hole, and it is possible to perform a backup operation when the shielding mechanism portion of the fuel injection valve breaks down.

  According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, the fuel injection valve according to any one of the first to eighth aspects is characterized in that a shut-off member is attached to a tip portion of the fuel injection valve. .

  According to this, the injection hole and the blocking member are integrally attached to the tip of the fuel injection valve.

  Hereinafter, the fuel injection device of the present invention is applied to an apparatus for injecting fuel into a gasoline engine, and a specific embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic partial sectional view showing a configuration of a fuel injection valve according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view seen from the direction II in FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective developed view showing the shielding member and the intermediate transmission member in the shielding mechanism portion in FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the operation process of the shielding mechanism in FIG. FIG. 5 is a view for explaining the operation process of the shielding mechanism portion in FIG.

  6 is a view showing a state in which the fuel injection valve of FIG. 1 is mounted on the internal combustion engine. FIG. 6 (a) is a schematic sectional view, and FIG. 6 (b) is a view of the combustion chamber in the cylinder. It is a typical top view. FIG. 7 is a time chart showing an example of operating states of the fuel injection valve and the internal combustion engine of the present embodiment. Moreover, in FIG. 1, the state which has shielded the nozzle hole is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 6A, the fuel injection valve 2 is used in an internal combustion engine, particularly a gasoline engine. For example, a cylinder (for example, a 4-cylinder) gasoline engine (hereinafter referred to as an engine) in each cylinder ( Hereinafter, fuel is injected into the combustion chamber. The engine 100 is a well-known internal combustion engine provided with a combustion chamber 106, a piston 104, an ignition device 105, and a fuel injection valve 2 in each cylinder. In FIGS. 6A and 6B, only one cylinder among the four cylinders is shown for the purpose of drawing.

  The combustion chamber 106 is partitioned by the upper end surface of the piston 104, the inner wall of the cylinder 101 that holds the piston 104 so as to be able to reciprocate, and the ceiling inner wall of the cylinder head 102. . The combustion chamber 106 is connected to an intake pipe (not shown) via an intake valve 107, and intake air such as intake air is guided. The combustion chamber 106 is connected to an exhaust pipe (not shown) via an exhaust valve 109, and exhausts exhaust gas such as combustion gas. Specifically, the cylinder head 102 includes an intake port 102 i that is connected to an intake pipe and guides intake air to the combustion chamber 106, and an exhaust port 102 e that is connected to the exhaust pipe and exhausts exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 106. The intake port 102 i and the intake pipe constitute an intake passage that guides intake air to the combustion chamber 106. The exhaust port 102 e and the exhaust pipe constitute an exhaust passage for exhausting exhaust gas such as combustion gas from the combustion chamber 106.

  The intake valve 107 blocks and allows the flow of intake air led to the intake port 102i to the combustion chamber 106. Further, the exhaust valve 109 blocks and allows the flow of combustion gas from the combustion chamber 106 to the exhaust passage. The intake valve 107 and the exhaust valve 109 are closed in a compression stroke and a combustion stroke (also referred to as an explosion stroke). Note that two intake valves 107 and two exhaust valves 109 may be arranged for each cylinder, or one for each.

  The ignition device 105 is a device for igniting a combustible mixture or fuel to be ignited, and includes an ignition plug such as an ignition plug. The spark plug is disposed at the center of the ceiling inner wall of the cylinder head 102, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 6A, the fuel injection valve 2 is disposed at a corner of the cylinder upper surface, for example, a corner of the ceiling inner wall (specifically, the intake port 102i side) of the cylinder head 102 as the upper surface of the cylinder. The mounting position of the fuel injection valve 2 is not limited to the cylinder upper surface corner such as the corner of the ceiling inner wall of the cylinder head 102 but is disposed at the center of the ceiling inner wall of the cylinder head 102. May be.

  The fuel injection valve 2 is supplied with fuel pressurized by a fuel pump (not shown) via a fuel distribution pipe (not shown). The fuel injection valve 2 is a substantially cylindrical body, receives fuel from one end (not shown), and injects fuel from the other end.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the fuel injection valve 2 has a known configuration including a valve portion B that blocks and allows fuel injection, and an electromagnetic drive portion (not shown) that drives the valve portion B. . In addition, the structure which avoids the influence of ignition atmosphere, such as the high temperature gas accompanying combustion in the fuel injection valve 2 concerning this embodiment, and the dirty gas after combustion, is mentioned later.

  The fuel injection valve 2 directly supplies fuel to the combustion chamber 106 when the engine 100 is a direct injection engine. In this case, in order to set the pressure of the fuel supplied to the combustion chamber 106 to about 2 MPa or more, a predetermined pressure (for example, 0.2 MPa) of fuel sucked up from the fuel tank by the fuel pump is further applied by a high-pressure pump (not shown). The pressurized high-pressure fuel (for example, fuel having a predetermined pressure in the range of 2 to 20 MPa) is supplied to the fuel injection valve 2 through the fuel distribution pipe. The fuel discharged from the fuel pump and the fuel discharged after being further pressurized from the high-pressure pump are regulated to a predetermined pressure by a pressure regulator as a fuel pressure regulator (not shown).

  The valve portion B is a well-known valve portion having a nozzle needle 30 as a valve member and a valve body 12 that accommodates the nozzle needle 30 in an axially movable manner.

  The nozzle needle 30 is separated from and seated on the valve seat 14 in the valve body 12 to open and close the valve portion B. Specifically, the contact portion 31 on the distal end side of the nozzle needle 30 is separated and seated on the valve seat 14 on the inner periphery 13 forming the internal fuel passage. Here, the contact portion 31 and the valve seat 14 constitute a seat portion that functions as an oil tight function for the valve portion to stop fuel injection.

  The valve body 12 is fixed to the inner wall portion 16b of the fuel injection side end portions 16b and 16c of the valve housing 16 by welding or the like. The valve body 12 is formed in a substantially bottomed cylindrical shape with a step, and is inserted on the inner peripheral side of the inner wall portion 16 b of the valve housing 16. An injection hole 21 that can communicate with the internal fuel passage is disposed on the central side of the valve seat 14 toward the downstream side of the fuel flow of the valve seat 14. Specifically, a substantially thin plate-shaped injection hole plate 20 having injection holes 21 for injecting and atomizing fuel is disposed on the distal end side of the valve body 12. The nozzle holes 21 are not limited to those formed in the substantially plate-shaped nozzle hole plate 20, but may be those in which a nozzle hole penetrating inward and outward is provided at the distal end portion of the valve body.

  In the following, in this embodiment, it is assumed that the injection hole 21 is formed in the injection hole plate 20 formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape. As shown in FIG. 1, the nozzle hole plate 20 is sandwiched between the inner periphery of the inner wall portion 16 b of the valve housing 16 and the outer periphery of the bottom portion of the valve body 12.

  When the valve portion B is opened and closed, the valve portion B, that is, the fuel injection valve 2 blocks and allows the flow of fuel (fuel injection) supplied to the inside. Further, the valve part B and the injection hole 21 constitute a tip part (hereinafter also referred to as a nozzle part) for injecting fuel of the fuel injection valve 2.

  The size of the nozzle hole 21, the direction of the nozzle hole axis, the nozzle hole arrangement, and the like are determined according to the required fuel spray shape, direction, number, and the like. The opening area of the nozzle hole 21 defines the flow rate when the valve is opened. The fuel injection amount of the fuel injection valve 2 depends on the opening area of the nozzle hole 21, the lift amount of the nozzle needle 30 (hereinafter referred to as the needle lift amount), and the valve opening period T1 (for example, see FIG. 7). It is weighed. When the nozzle needle 30 is seated on the valve body 12 and the valve portion B is closed, fuel injection from the injection hole 21 is blocked. Further, when the nozzle needle 30 is separated from the valve body 12 and the valve portion B is opened, fuel injection from the injection hole 21 is permitted and fuel is injected.

  In the following description, it is assumed that a plurality (four in FIG. 2) of the nozzle holes 21 described in the present embodiment are provided in the nozzle hole plate 20. As shown in FIG. 2, the four injection holes 21 are arranged at a predetermined distance from the center of the injection hole plate 20.

  The electromagnetic drive unit includes a movable core (not shown) that cooperates with the nozzle needle 30, a fixed core (not shown) such as a cylindrical member 40 that movably accommodates the movable core, and a movable core and a fixed core. This is an electromagnetic drive unit having a known structure having a coil (not shown) for applying an electromagnetic force. The tubular member 40 is inserted into the inner peripheral wall of the valve body 12 (specifically, the valve housing 16) on the side opposite to the injection hole, and is fixed to the valve body 12 via the valve housing 16 by welding or the like.

  The electromagnetic drive unit is provided with a lift adjustment mechanism for regulating the maximum movement amount of the needle lift amount, such as adjusting an axial gap (hereinafter referred to as an air gap) between the movable core and the fixed core. The nozzle needle 30 is biased in the valve closing direction by a biasing member such as a spring that biases the movable core toward the nozzle hole 21, and the nozzle needle 30, that is, the fuel injection valve 2 is biased when the coil is not energized. The valve is closed by the biasing force of the member.

  Further, the fuel injection valve 2 includes an urging force adjusting mechanism (not shown) that adjusts the urging force of the urging member. When the coil is energized, an electromagnetic force is generated in the coil, and an electromagnetic attractive force acts between the fixed core and the movable core. Therefore, the needle lift amount increases in the movable core against the urging force of the urging member. The nozzle needle 30, that is, the fuel injection valve 2 is opened.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the fuel injection valve 2 includes a shielding mechanism portion 50. This shielding mechanism part 50 is a structure for avoiding the influence of ignition atmosphere, such as the high temperature gas accompanying combustion, and the dirty gas after combustion.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the shielding mechanism 50 includes a shielding member 60 capable of blocking between the injection hole 21 and the ignition atmosphere, an injection period T1 from the injection hole 21 and an injection stop period T3 (for example, The drive part 70 which drives the shielding member 60 according to FIG. 7) is provided.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the shielding member 60 is formed in a substantially bottomed cylindrical shape, and is disposed on the downstream side (lower side in the drawing) of the nozzle hole plate 20 so as to face the nozzle hole 21. Specifically, the shielding member 60 includes a thin plate-like bottom portion 61 and a cylindrical portion 63 that is integrally connected to the bottom portion 61. As shown in FIG. 2, an opening 62 is formed in the bottom 61, and the opening 62 can be disposed at a position facing the injection hole 21 (see FIG. 5).

  The shape of the opening 62 is formed in a substantially fan shape as shown in FIG. The shape of the opening 62 is not limited to a substantially fan shape, and may be a substantially triangular shape, a polygonal shape such as a substantially rectangular shape, or a substantially circular shape such as a substantially elliptical shape.

  The cylindrical portion 63 is disposed on the outer periphery of the inner wall portion 16b of the valve housing 16 (specifically, a stepped portion formed on the outer periphery thereof) and is rotatable along the outer periphery.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the drive unit 70 includes drive coils 71 and 72 such as a solenoid that enables an object to be driven to move in the axial direction (vertical direction in the drawing) using electromagnetic force. The drive coils 71 and 72 have a coil 71 and a spool 72 made of an insulating material, and the coil 71 is wound around the spool 72. The coil 71 is electrically connected to the power supply devices 91a and 91b. When the coil 71 is energized from the power supply devices 91a and 91b, electromagnetic force is generated in the drive coils 71 and 72.

  The power supply devices 91a and 91b are composed of a power source 91a and a switch device 91b that switches between energization between the power source 91a and the coil 71. In addition, you may make it the electric power supply apparatuses 91a and 91b be comprised as one function in the control apparatus (henceforth, ECU) 90, as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an intermediate transmission member 65 is provided between the shielding member 60 and the drive unit 70. The intermediate transmission member 65 changes the axial movement by the driving unit 70 to the rotational movement of the shielding member 60. Specifically, the intermediate transmission member 65 is formed in a stepped cylindrical body, is disposed on the drive coils 71 and 72 side, and extends from the annular portion 67 to the shielding member 60 side from the annular portion 67. It is comprised from the shape part (henceforth 2nd cylindrical part) 66. FIG.

  The annular portion 67 is made of a magnetic material and is disposed to face the magnetic pole surfaces of the drive coils 71 and 72. As shown in FIG. 1, an urging member (hereinafter referred to as a second urging member) 69 such as a spring is sandwiched between the annular portion 67 and the magnetic pole surfaces of the drive coils 71 and 72. The urging member 69 urges the annular portion 67 toward the downstream side (the lower side in the drawing) of the nozzle hole 21.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the second cylindrical portion 66 is configured to cooperate with the shielding member 60 via the engaging portion K. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the second tubular portion 66 is disposed inside and outside the tubular portion 63 on the shielding member 60 side, and specifically, disposed outside the tubular portion 63. ing.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a convex portion 66 g is provided on the inner periphery of the second cylindrical portion 66, and the convex portion 66 g is a spiral shape formed on the cylindrical portion 63 of the shielding member 60. The grooves 63g are formed in shapes that can be engaged with each other. The convex portion 66g and the groove portion 63g relatively move along the spiral inner periphery of the groove portion 63g. Thereby, the intermediate transmission member 65 can convert the axial reciprocating motion by the drive unit 70 into the rotational motion of the shielding member 60. The convex portion 66g and the groove portion 63g constitute the engagement portion K described above.

  Moreover, the 2nd cylindrical part 66 is arrange | positioned so that insertion between the inner wall part 16b and the outer wall part 16c of the valve housing 16 is possible as shown in FIG. Specifically, the intermediate transmission member 65 is movably disposed in the gap 16d formed in the valve housing 16 and the accommodation space 16s. The valve housing 16 includes an upper end portion 16a fixed to the cylindrical portion 40 on the electromagnetic drive portion side, and an inner wall portion 16b and an outer wall portion 16c extending from the upper end portion 16a toward the valve body 12 side. The accommodating space 16s is formed in the upper end portion 16a, and accommodates the drive coils 71 and 72, the annular portion 64, and the like. The accommodation space 16s communicates with a gap 16d formed between the inner wall portion 16b and the outer wall portion 16c.

  In addition, the 2nd cylindrical part 66 is guided so that the axial direction movement is possible along the outer periphery of the inner wall part 16b, as shown in FIG.

  Here, the drive unit 70 constitutes an electromagnetic drive device such as a solenoid capable of moving the drive target in the axial direction. The intermediate transmission member 65 and the drive coils 71 and 72 constitute a drive device that switches the opening 62 between a shielding position where the nozzle hole 21 is shielded and an open position where the nozzle hole 21 is opened. Yes.

  In the intermediate transmission member 65, the annular portion 67 is formed of a magnetic material. However, the annular portion 67 and the second cylindrical portion 66 may be integrally formed of a magnetic material. The annular portion 67 and the second tubular portion 66 may be formed from a magnetic material and a nonmagnetic material, respectively.

  Next, the operation of the fuel injection valve 2 having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 4, and FIG. 1 and 2 are views showing a state in which the nozzle hole is shielded. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 2 is a plan view. 4 and 5 are views showing a state in which the nozzle hole is opened. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 5 is a plan view.

  When fuel is injected from the fuel injection valve 2, current is supplied to the electromagnetic drive unit of the fuel injection valve 2, and when the nozzle needle 30 starts to lift, the valve part B is opened and fuel injection from the injection hole 21 is started. At this time, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the shielding member 60 of the shielding mechanism portion 50 has an opening 62 opening with respect to the nozzle hole 21. Since the injection hole 21 is opened, the injected fuel is supplied from the injection hole 21 to the combustion chamber 106 as shown in FIG.

  On the other hand, when the fuel injection is stopped, the current supply to the electromagnetic drive unit of the fuel injection valve 2 is stopped, and the lift of the nozzle needle 30 is reduced by the biasing member. When the nozzle needle 30 is seated on the valve seat 14, the injection is finished. By adjusting the energization period to the electromagnetic drive unit, the injection period T1 (see FIG. 7) of the fuel (fuel spray) injected from the fuel injection valve 2, that is, the fuel injection amount is adjusted. At this time, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the shielding member 60 of the shielding mechanism 50 shields the nozzle hole 21 from an ignition atmosphere such as high-temperature gas accompanying combustion or dirty gas after combustion. ing. The injection hole 21 in which injection is stopped is protected from an ignition atmosphere such as high-temperature gas or dirty gas after combustion by the shielding member 60.

  The operation of the shielding member 60 of the shielding mechanism 50 will be described in detail. During the injection stop period T3 (see FIG. 7), the opening 21 of the shielding member 60 is shielded from the injection hole 21, and this injection hole shielding is performed. Sometimes, no current is supplied from the power supply device 90 to the drive unit 70 of the shielding mechanism unit 50 (see FIG. 1). At this time, since no electromagnetic force is generated in the drive unit 70, the intermediate transmission member 65 moves downward in the axial direction by the urging force of the second urging member 69. When the intermediate transmission member 65 moves downward in the axial direction, the shielding member 60 is rotationally moved via the engaging portion K, and the injection hole 21 is shielded by the shielding member 60 (see FIG. 2). At this time, the air gap L between the annular portion 464 and the magnetic pole surfaces of the drive coils 71 and 72 is L1.

  On the other hand, when the nozzle hole is opened, a current is supplied to the drive unit 70 of the shielding mechanism unit 50 as shown in FIG. 4, and an electromagnetic force is generated in the drive unit 70. When electromagnetic force is generated in the drive unit 70, the drive unit 70 attracts the intermediate transmission member 65 against the urging force of the second urging member 69, so that the intermediate transmission member 65 moves upward in the axial direction. When the intermediate transmission member 65 moves upward in the axial direction (in the direction of the one-dot chain line in FIG. 4), the shielding member 60 is rotated in the reverse direction (in the direction of the one-dot chain line in FIG. 5) via the engagement portion K. The nozzle hole 21 is exposed from the opening 62 (see FIG. 5). At this time, the air gap L between the annular portion 464 and the magnetic pole surfaces of the drive coils 71 and 72 is L2 (L2 <L1).

  It is preferable that the shielding mechanism unit 70 sets the nozzle hole shielding period T4 by the shielding member 60 so as to shield the nozzle holes 21 during almost the entire period of the injection stop period T3.

  In order not to affect the spray shape of the fuel spray injected from the nozzle hole 21 during the injection period T1, the nozzle hole opening period T2 is longer than the injection period T1 across the injection period T1, as shown in FIG. The period is set longer (T2> T1). In this case, the injection hole shielding period T4 is set to be slightly shorter than the injection stop period T3.

  By operating the shielding mechanism 50 in this manner, the nozzle hole 21 can be opened and shielded according to the injection period T1 and the injection stop period T3. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, when the injection injection valve 2 is injected during the intake stroke, the opening 62 of the shielding member 60 of the shielding mechanism 50 corresponds to the injection period T1 of the injection hole 21 in the intake stroke. To open the nozzle hole 21. When the injection period T1 ends and the injection stop period T3 is reached, the shielding mechanism unit 50 drives the shielding member 60 to shield the injection hole 21. Thereby, in the compression stroke, the explosion stroke, and the exhaust stroke during the injection stop period T3, the nozzle hole 21 is protected by the shielding member 60 from an ignition atmosphere such as high-temperature gas or dirty gas after combustion.

  Next, the operation and effect of this embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the fuel injection valve 2 has an injection stop period T3 between the injection hole 21 and the ignition atmosphere by the fuel injected from the injection hole 21. Since the shielding mechanism section 50 is provided for shielding, the nozzle hole 21 is not exposed to an ignition atmosphere such as high-temperature gas in the combustion chamber 106 or dirty gas after combustion, and the high temperature associated with combustion. It is protected from the effects of gas and dirty gas after combustion.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the shielding mechanism unit 50 includes the shielding member 60 that shields between the nozzle hole 21 and the ignition atmosphere, and the nozzle hole 21 with respect to the ignition atmosphere side according to the injection stop period T3 and the injection period T1. The drive part 70 which drives the shielding member 60 so that it may be protected and exposed is provided. Thereby, the injection hole 21 is exposed at the time of injection and can inject fuel from the injection hole 21 and is shielded by the shielding member 60 when the injection is stopped, and is affected by the influence of high-temperature gas accompanying combustion and dirty gas after combustion. Protected.

  In the present embodiment, the shielding member 60 has an opening 62 at a position facing the nozzle hole 21, and the driving unit 70 defines the opening 62 as a shielding position where the nozzle hole 21 is shielded. , Driving devices 71, 72, 65 for switching to an open position where the nozzle hole 21 is opened are provided.

  According to this, as a configuration of the shielding member 60 and the drive unit 70 that shields between the nozzle hole 21 and the ignition atmosphere in the injection stop period T3, the shielding member 60 having the opening 62 arranged to face the nozzle hole 21, and the shielding. By driving the member 60, the opening 62 is configured by a driving unit 70 having driving devices 71, 72, and 65 that switch between a shielding position where the nozzle hole 21 is shielded and an open position where the nozzle hole 21 is opened. be able to.

  In the present embodiment, the opening 62 is switched between the shielding position and the opening position, and the shielding member 60 having the opening 62 is rotated by the drive unit 70 to shield and open the nozzle hole 21. It is comprised so that. Specifically, since the intermediate transmission member 65 that converts the axial reciprocating motion of the drive unit 70 into the rotational motion of the shield member 60 is provided between the shielding member 60 and the drive unit 70, the opening 62 is provided. The shielding member 60 can be rotated by the drive unit 70, and thus the nozzle hole 21 can be shielded and opened.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, since the shielding member 60 is a structure which switches the opening part 62 to a shielding position and an open position by moving to a rotation direction, the shielding member 60 arrange | positioned facing the nozzle hole 21, It is possible to reduce the space volume of the shielding space between the nozzle holes 21. Since the shielding space volume is small, even if the gas confined in the shielding space is a dirty gas or the like in the shielding period T4, the influence of the gas can be suppressed.

  Further, by making the space volume of the shielding space between the shielding member 60 and the nozzle hole 21 small, it is possible to close the outlet portion of the nozzle hole 21 during the nozzle hole shielding period.

  Further, the shielding member 60 having the opening 62 is configured to shield and protect the injection hole 21 from the combustion gas in the combustion chamber 106 in the injection hole shielding period T4. The shielding space directly below the nozzle hole 21 can be insulated from the ignition space region such as combustion gas.

(Second Embodiment)
Hereinafter, other embodiments to which the present invention is applied will be described. In the following embodiments, the same or equivalent components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will not be repeated.

  In the second embodiment, the opening of the shielding member 60 of the shielding mechanism 50 described in the first embodiment has a substantially circular shape as shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a perspective developed view showing the shielding mechanism portion according to the present embodiment. 9A and 9B are diagrams for explaining the operation process of the shielding mechanism portion of FIG. 8, in which FIG. 9A shows a state where the nozzle hole is shielded, and FIG. 9B shows a state where the nozzle hole is opened. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the fuel injection valve 202 includes a shielding mechanism portion 250, and the shielding mechanism portion 250 includes a shielding member 260, an intermediate transmission member 65, and a driving portion 70.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9A, the shielding member 260 has four openings 262 corresponding to the four nozzle holes. Thereby, the opening part 262 can open the nozzle hole 21 separately.

  Further, by arranging the opening 262 so as to face each nozzle hole 21 in this way, the degree of freedom in arranging the nozzle holes 21 can be improved.

  The fuel injection valve 202 having the above-described configuration can obtain the same effect as that of the first embodiment.

  In addition, although the said opening part 262 was formed in the substantially round shape corresponding to the exit part shape of the injection hole 21, it is not restricted to a substantially round shape, For example, the exit part shape of the injection hole 21, for example, a substantially elliptical shape, a substantially slit shape. Depending on the shape, it may be any shape such as a substantially elliptical shape or a substantially slit shape.

(Third embodiment)
In the third embodiment, in the drive unit of the shielding mechanism unit 50 described in the first embodiment, instead of the electromagnetic drive unit 70 that can move the drive target in the axial direction, as shown in FIG. Is a rotation drive unit 370 such as a step motor that can move in the rotation direction. FIG. 10 is a view showing a fuel injection valve according to the present embodiment, in which FIG. 10 (a) is a schematic partial sectional view and FIG. 10 (b) is a plan view. FIG. 11 is a perspective developed view showing the shielding mechanism in FIG. FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the magnetic pole coil in FIG. FIGS. 13A and 13B are diagrams for explaining a process of opening the nozzle hole in the operation of the shielding mechanism in FIG. 10, wherein FIG. 13A is a schematic partial cross-sectional view, and FIG. 13B is a plan view. It is.

  As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the fuel injection valve 302 includes a shielding mechanism unit 350, and the shielding mechanism unit 350 includes a shielding member 360 and a rotation driving unit 370.

  The shielding member 360 includes an annular part (hereinafter referred to as a second annular part) 364, a cylindrical part 363, and a bottom part 361. As shown in FIG. 10B, the bottom 361 is provided with an opening 62 at a position facing the injection hole 21.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the second annular portion 364 has N-pole and S-pole magnetic poles alternately arranged in an annular shape.

  As shown in FIG. 11, in the rotation drive unit 370, a drive coil 273 corresponding to the number of magnetic poles of the second annular portion 364 is disposed to face the magnetic poles of the second annular portion 364. As shown in FIG. 12, the drive coil 373 is composed of a coil 271 to be wound, and the terminals 271a and 271b of the coil 271 are electrically connected to the terminals of the coil 271 of the adjacent drive coil 273 of the magnetic pole. Connected. Here, the second annular portion 364 and the drive coil 373 constitute a rotation drive device that can move the shielding member 360 in the rotation direction.

  Next, the operation of the fuel injection valve 2 having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. When the nozzle hole is shielded, no current is supplied from the power supply device 90 to the rotation drive unit 370 of the shielding mechanism unit 350 (see FIG. 10). At this time, since the electromagnetic force is not generated in the rotation drive unit 370, the shielding member 360 is in the initial position. For example, as shown in FIG. 10B, the shielding position where the opening 62 shields the nozzle hole 21. It is in. Thereby, the nozzle hole 21 is shielded by the shielding member 360. Note that the initial position is not limited to the shielding position, and may be an open position.

  On the other hand, when the nozzle hole is opened, a current is supplied to the rotation drive unit 370 of the shielding mechanism unit 350, and an electromagnetic force is generated in the rotation drive unit 370. When an electromagnetic force is generated in the rotation drive unit 370, the magnetic poles of the rotation drive unit 370 can move in the rotation direction attracting the magnetic poles of the opposed annular portions 364. By controlling the current supplied from the power supply device 90 to the magnetic poles of the rotation drive unit 370, the magnetic poles of the rotation drive unit 370 are switched and moved in the rotation direction by a predetermined angle (for example, 180 degrees in this embodiment). When the shielding member 360 is moved 180 degrees in the rotational direction by the rotation driving unit 370, the nozzle hole 21 is exposed from the opening 62 of the shielding member 360 (see FIG. 13B).

  In the present embodiment, the rotation drive unit 370 itself is provided with a rotation drive device that allows the shielding member 360 to rotate, so that the rotation drive unit 370 rotates the shielding member 360 having the opening 62. Therefore, the nozzle hole 21 can be shielded and opened.

  The fuel injection valve 302 having the above-described configuration can obtain the same effect as that of the first embodiment.

(Fourth embodiment)
In the fourth embodiment, instead of the opening 62 provided at the position facing the injection hole 21 in the opening of the shielding member 60 of the shielding mechanism 50 described in the first embodiment, FIGS. 14 and 15. As shown, the opening 461a is a variable opening 461o that can shield and open the nozzle hole 21 against the ignition atmosphere. FIG. 14 is a view showing a fuel injection valve according to the present embodiment, in which FIG. 14 (a) is a schematic partial sectional view, and FIG. 14 (b) is a plan view. 15A and 15B are diagrams for explaining a process of opening the nozzle hole in the operation of the shielding mechanism in FIG. 14, in which FIG. 15A is a schematic partial sectional view, and FIG. 15B is a plan view. It is.

  FIG. 14 shows a process of shielding the nozzle hole 21. 14B and 15B indicate the closing direction and the opening direction in which the shape of the opening 461a is deformed, respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the fuel injection valve 402 includes a shielding mechanism unit 450, and the shielding mechanism unit 450 includes a shielding member 460 and a drive unit 70.

  The shielding member 460 is formed of a spring material, and includes an annular portion (hereinafter, a second annular portion) 464, a cylindrical portion 463, and a bottom portion 461. The second annular portion 464 is made of a magnetic material. The shielding member 460 is not limited to being formed of a spring material, and may be an elastic body.

  As shown in FIGS. 14B and 15B, the bottom 461 is provided with an opening 461a serving as a variable opening 461o capable of shielding and opening the injection hole 21 against the ignition atmosphere. The opening 461a has a substantially star-shaped edge and is disposed so that adjacent edges can come into contact with each other. In the state where the nozzle holes in FIGS. 15A and 15B are opened, the variable opening 461a is opened in a substantially star shape by the edge of the opening 461a. On the other hand, in the state where the nozzle holes in FIGS. 14A and 14B are blocked, the adjacent edges of the opening 461a are closed so as to be closed.

  In the present embodiment, the bottom 461 having the opening 461a is curved and abutted against the corner of the inner wall 16b of the valve housing 16 as shown in FIGS. 16 (a) and 16 (b). It is formed as follows. Specifically, when the curved bottom portion 461 moves along the axial movement of the cylindrical portion 463 and the annular portion 464 of the shielding member 461, the curved bottom portion 461 is deformed from the corner portion as a starting point, and a reaction force acts on the corner portion. It is configured to let you. This reaction force acts in the opposite direction to the upward movement of the cylindrical portion 463 and the annular portion 464 in the axial direction due to the electromagnetic force generated in the drive unit 70.

  With this configuration, the shielding member 460 is attached to the shielding position side by the elastic force of the shielding member 460 (specifically, the bottom portion 461) without providing the second urging member 69 described in the first embodiment. You can

  In addition, with such a configuration, the shielding member 461 itself can also be moved in the axial direction, so that the opening 461a can be made to be a variable opening 461o that opens and closes. Therefore, the intermediate described in the first embodiment Since the transmission member 65 is unnecessary, the shielding mechanism 450 can be simplified.

  The fuel injection valve 402 having the above-described configuration can obtain the same effects as those of the first embodiment.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the shielding member 460 has an opening 461a (specifically, a variable opening 461o) that can shield and open the nozzle hole 21 with respect to the ignition atmosphere. A driving device is provided that switches between a closed position for closing 461a and an open position for opening the opening 461a.

  According to this, as a configuration of the shielding member 460 and the drive unit 70 that shields between the nozzle hole 21 and the ignition atmosphere in the injection stop period T2, the variable opening 461o that can shield and open the nozzle hole 21 with respect to the ignition atmosphere is provided. The shielding member 460 having the driving member 70 having the driving member that closes and opens the opening 461a itself by switching the shielding member 460 between the closing position and the opening position.

  In the present embodiment, since the shielding member 460 is made of an elastic body such as a spring material, for example, the opening 461a can be closed and opened using an elastic force.

(Fifth embodiment)
In the fifth embodiment, in the shielding mechanism 450 described in the fourth embodiment, instead of the so-called normally closed configuration that shields the nozzle hole 21 when the drive unit 70 is not energized, as shown in FIG. A so-called normally open configuration in which the nozzle hole 21 is opened when the drive unit 70 is not energized is employed. FIG. 17 is a view showing a fuel injection valve according to the present embodiment, in which FIG. 17 (a) is a schematic partial sectional view, and FIG. 17 (b) is a plan view. 18A and 18B are diagrams for explaining a process of opening the nozzle hole in the operation of the shielding mechanism portion in FIG. 17. FIG. 18A is a schematic partial cross-sectional view, and FIG. 18B is a plan view. It is.

  As shown in FIG. 17, the fuel injection valve 502 includes a shielding mechanism portion 550, and the shielding mechanism portion 550 includes a shielding member 560, a driving portion 70, and a third urging member 564. .

  The shielding member 560 is formed of a spring material, and includes a second annular portion 564, a cylindrical portion 563, and a bottom portion 561. The bottom portion 561 is disposed so as to face the magnetic pole surface on the side of the anti-injection hole 21 of the drive coils 71 and 72. Further, the cylindrical portion 563 is disposed so as to be able to pass through the spool 72 of the drive coils 71 and 72.

  The third urging member 564 is sandwiched between the second annular portion 564 and the magnetic pole surfaces of the drive coils 71 and 72, and the direction in which the opening 641a (specifically, the variable opening 461o) of the shielding member 560 opens. Is energized.

  With this configuration, it is possible to prevent the nozzle hole 21 from being in a shielding state when the drive unit 70 of the shielding mechanism 550 is out of order. Therefore, even if there is a failure of the shielding mechanism 550, the basic function of fuel injection of the fuel injection valve 2 can be ensured.

(Sixth embodiment)
In the sixth embodiment, the drive unit of the shielding mechanism unit 450 described in the fourth embodiment is contracted by electric energy as shown in FIG. 20 instead of the drive unit 70 such as a solenoid using electromagnetic force. A driving unit 570 such as a piezo actuator is used. FIG. 19 is a view showing a fuel injection valve according to the present embodiment, in which FIG. 19 (a) is a schematic partial sectional view, and FIG. 19 (b) is a plan view. 20A and 20B are diagrams for explaining a process of opening the nozzle hole in the operation of the shielding mechanism in FIG. 19. FIG. 20A is a schematic partial cross-sectional view, and FIG. 20B is a plan view. It is.

  As shown in FIG. 19, the fuel injection valve 602 includes a shielding mechanism unit 650, and the shielding mechanism unit 650 includes a shielding member 460 and a drive unit 670.

  The drive unit 670 is a piezo actuator including a plurality of piezo elements 670a that contract by electric energy. The drive unit 670 is supplied with electrical energy from the power supply device 90 and contracts due to the electrical energy. Specifically, when electric energy is supplied to the drive unit 670, the length of the piezo element 670a group contracts from Lp1 (see FIG. 19A) to Lp2 (see FIG. 20A).

  The shielding member 460 may be either a magnetic material or a nonmagnetic material.

  Even if it is such a structure, the effect similar to 4th Embodiment can be acquired.

(Seventh embodiment)
In the seventh embodiment, in place of the piezo actuator 670 contracted by electric energy in the driving unit of the shielding mechanism section 650 described in the sixth embodiment, a magnetostrictive actuator contracted by magnetic energy as shown in FIG. Such a drive unit 770. FIG. 21 is a view showing a fuel injection valve according to the present embodiment, in which FIG. 21 (a) is a schematic partial sectional view, and FIG. 21 (b) is a plan view. 22A and 22B are diagrams for explaining a process of opening the nozzle hole in the operation of the shielding mechanism portion in FIG. 21, wherein FIG. 22A is a schematic partial cross-sectional view, and FIG. 22B is a plan view. It is.

  As shown in FIG. 21, the fuel injection valve 702 includes a shielding mechanism unit 750, and the shielding mechanism unit 750 includes a shielding member 460 and a drive unit 770.

  The drive unit 770 is a magnetostrictive actuator including a plurality of magnetostrictive elements 777a that contract by magnetic energy and a drive coil 778 for generating magnetic energy.

  The drive unit 770 contracts due to the generated magnetic energy when current is supplied to the drive coil 778 by the power supply device 90 and magnetic energy is generated by electromagnetic force. Specifically, when a current is supplied to the drive coil 778 of the drive unit 770, the length of the magnetostrictive element 777a group contracts from Lp1 (see FIG. 21A) to Lp2 (see FIG. 22A). .

  Even if it is such a structure, the effect similar to 6th Embodiment can be acquired.

(Eighth embodiment)
In the eighth embodiment, in the drive unit of the shielding mechanism unit 450 described in the fourth embodiment, instead of the drive unit 70 such as a solenoid using electromagnetic force, mechanical drive is used as shown in FIG. A driving unit 970 such as a link mechanism is used. FIG. 23 is a view showing a fuel injection valve according to the present embodiment, in which FIG. 23 (a) is a schematic partial sectional view, and FIG. 23 (b) is a plan view. 24A and 24B are diagrams for explaining a process of opening the nozzle hole in the operation of the shielding mechanism portion in FIG. 23, in which FIG. 24A is a schematic partial cross-sectional view, and FIG. 24B is a plan view. It is.

  As shown in FIG. 21, the fuel injection valve 802 includes a shielding mechanism portion 950, and the shielding mechanism portion 950 includes a shielding member 460 and a drive portion 970.

  The drive unit 970 is a mechanical device including link mechanisms 970a, 970b, and 970c that can mechanically reciprocate the shielding member 460 in the axial direction. The link mechanisms 970a, 970b, and 970c include, for example, a cam 970a that converts a rotational force into a reciprocating force, and a joint group 970b that displaces axial movement in a predetermined direction (for example, downward in the axial direction in FIG. 24). , And a joint group 970c for displacing the drive target in a desired predetermined direction.

  Even if it is such a structure, it is possible to acquire the effect similar to 4th Embodiment.

(Ninth embodiment)
In the ninth embodiment, in the fuel injection valve 402 described in the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 25, the fuel injection valve 402, the fuel injection of the fuel injection valve 402, and the drive unit of the shielding mechanism unit 450 The fuel injection device 1 includes an ECU 90 that controls the ECU 70.

  FIG. 25 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a fuel injection valve and a fuel injection device using the same according to the present embodiment. FIG. 26 is a flowchart showing an example of a fuel injection valve abnormality diagnosis process in the control means in FIG. 27 is a diagram showing an example of the operating state of the fuel injection valve and the internal combustion engine in FIG. 26. FIG. 27 (a) is a schematic sectional view, and FIG. 27 (b) is a view of the combustion chamber in the cylinder. It is a typical top view. FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an example of the operating state of the fuel injection valve and the internal combustion engine in FIG. 26. FIG. 28 (a) is a schematic sectional view, and FIG. 28 (b) is a view of the combustion chamber in the cylinder. It is a typical top view. FIG. 29 is a view showing an example of the operating state of the fuel injection valve and the internal combustion engine in FIG. 26, FIG. 29 (a) is a schematic sectional view, and FIG. 29 (b) is a view of the combustion chamber in the cylinder. It is a typical top view. FIG. 30 is a map configuration diagram for selectively using a combination of a plurality of fuel injection valves in accordance with the operating state of the internal combustion engine. FIG. 31 is a flowchart showing an abnormality detection process for diagnosing each fuel injection valve in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 25, the fuel injection device 1 includes a fuel injection valve 402 and an ECU 90. In the description of the first embodiment (fourth embodiment), the power supply device may be configured as one function in the ECU as the control means. It is assumed that the power supply device is configured as one function.

  The ECU 90 includes a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, and the like (not shown), and performs various arithmetic processes based on a program stored in the ROM and sensor signals (vehicle driving state) read into the RAM. To do.

  An example of a specific calculation is as follows. For each fuel injection, the ECU 90 determines each cylinder based on a program stored in the ROM and a sensor signal (vehicle driving state) read into the RAM. The target injection amount, the valve opening period T1 of the fuel injection valve 2, and the like are determined.

  The ECU 90 includes an injection control unit that controls the injection operation of the fuel injection valve 2 and an injection hole shielding control unit that controls the drive unit 70 of the shielding mechanism unit 450 during the injection stop period of the fuel injection valve 2. Yes. In addition, when a plurality (two in this embodiment) of fuel injection valves 402A and 402B are mounted on the engine 100 and are selectively used depending on the combination of the fuel injection valves 402A and 402B according to the operating state of the engine 100, The ECU 90 includes fuel injection valve selection means for controlling the two fuel injection valves 402A and 402B to selectively inject fuel according to the operating state of the engine 100. In this case, as shown in FIG. 30, the ECU 90 has a map for selectively using a combination of the fuel injection valves 402A and 402B in accordance with the operating state.

  Hereinafter, in the present embodiment, it is assumed that two fuel injection valves 402A and 402B are mounted on the engine 100. For convenience of explanation, the fuel injection valve 402A is also called a fuel injection valve A, and the fuel injection valve 402B is also called a fuel injection valve B.

  As shown in FIG. 27A, the fuel injection valve 402A is mounted on the cylinder (specifically, the cylinder head 102) such that the valve portion B faces the intake port 102i of the engine 100. Fuel injection valve 402 </ b> B is mounted on the cylinder so that valve portion B faces combustion chamber 106 of engine 100.

  The fuel injection valve 402A injects fuel into the intake port 102i in the intake stroke when the intake valve 107 is opened. The fuel injection valve 402B directly injects fuel into the combustion chamber 106. In the case of the fuel injection valve 402B, fuel injection is possible in the intake stroke or the compression stroke. Hereinafter, in this embodiment, it is assumed that fuel is directly injected into the combustion chamber 106 during the intake stroke.

  In the map shown in FIG. 30, the fuel injection valves 402A and 402B are selectively used according to the I region, the II region, and the III region. I region corresponds to a low speed and low load operation region of engine 100. The region II mainly corresponds to a medium load to medium speed operation region. The region III mainly corresponds to a high load or high speed operation region.

  Specifically, the ECU 90 selectively uses the fuel injection valve A in the I region, and fuel is injected and supplied from the fuel injection valve A to the combustion chamber 106 via the intake port 102i (see FIG. 27). In the region II, the fuel injection valve B is selectively used, and fuel is directly injected and supplied to the combustion chamber 106 by the fuel injection valve B (see FIG. 28). In the region III, both the fuel injection valve A and the fuel injection valve B are used, and fuel is injected and supplied to the combustion chamber 106 by the fuel injection valve A and the fuel injection valve B (see FIG. 29).

  At this time, in the fuel injection valve to be selectively used, the shielding member 460 is shielded from the injection hole 21 in the injection stop period T3, and the injection hole 21 is opened in the injection period T1. 27, 28, and 29, the fuel injection valve that is selectively used is represented by adding “o” as a subscript to the reference numeral of the shielding member 460. The variable opening 461o of the shielding member 460 is opened during the fuel injection period T1.

  In addition, since the fuel injection valves that are not selectively used are always stopped even if other fuel injection valves are in the injection period, the injection hole 21 is shielded by the shielding member 460. In FIG. 27, FIG. 28, and FIG. 29, the fuel injection valve that is not selectively used is represented by adding c as a subscript to the reference numeral of the shielding member 460.

  In the present embodiment, the fuel injection device 1 is provided with a sensor 92 (see FIG. 25) that detects the shielding and opening operation of the shielding member 460 of each shielding mechanism 450 of the fuel injection valves 402A and 402B. The ECU 90 determines whether or not the opening 461a of the shielding member 460 is open based on the detection signal of the sensor 92. The sensor 92 is not limited to the position sensor that detects the displacement of the annular portion 464 as shown in FIG. 25, but may be a position sensor that directly detects the shape change of the bottom portion 461 that forms the opening 461a. Any sensor may be used as long as it outputs a detection signal that can determine whether or not the opening 461a of 460 is open.

  In the present embodiment, the ECU 90 determines whether any of the driving unit 70 or the shielding member 460 of the shielding mechanism 450 is out of order and the failure among the fuel injection valves 402A and 402B. The fuel injection valve that is determined to be operating is provided with fuel injection limiting means that prohibits the fuel injection and permits the fuel injection of other fuel injection valves in the operation state in which the failed fuel injection valve is selected.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 26, in S1001 (S is a step), based on the detection signal of the sensor 92, the shielding mechanism 450 (specifically, the shielding member 460) of the fuel injection valve 402A breaks down. It is determined whether or not. If the shielding mechanism 450 of the fuel injection valve 402A is in a normal state, the process proceeds to S1002. Conversely, if the shielding mechanism 450 of the fuel injection valve 402A is in a state of failure, the process proceeds to S1003.

  In S1002, based on the detection signal of the sensor 92, it is determined whether or not the shielding mechanism 450 of the fuel injection valve 402B has failed. If the shielding mechanism 450 of the fuel injection valve 402A is in a normal state, the process proceeds to S1004. Conversely, if the shielding mechanism 450 of the fuel injection valve 402B is in a state of failure, the process proceeds to S1005.

  In S1003, since it is determined in S1001 that the fuel injection valve 402A has failed, fuel injection of the fuel injection valve 402A is prohibited. Therefore, the use of the fuel injection valve 402B is selected in the entire operation region including the I region (see FIG. 30) for selecting the fuel injection valve 402A, and the fuel injection from the fuel injection valve 402B is permitted.

  In S1005, since it is determined in S1002 that the fuel injection valve 402B has failed, fuel injection of the fuel injection valve 402B is prohibited. Therefore, the use of the fuel injection valve 402A is selected in the entire operation region including the II region (see FIG. 30) in which the fuel injection valve 402B is selected, and the fuel injection from the fuel injection valve 402A is permitted.

  In S1004, since both the fuel injection valve 402A and the fuel injection valve 402B are determined to be normal in S1001 and S1002, the combination of the fuel injection valve 402A and the fuel injection valve 402B is selected based on the map of FIG. use.

  Specifically, control processes S1001 and S1002 for diagnosing the fuel injection valves 402A and 402B are performed according to the flowchart of FIG. In S1101, signals from various sensors for detecting the operating state of the engine 100 attached to the engine 100 or the like are read into the ECU 90. The ECU 90 detects the intake stroke in the combustion cycle process of the engine 100 based on the read signals from the various sensors, and proceeds to S1102.

  In the control processing from S1102 to S504, when the piston 104 is in the ascending process, it is estimated or confirmed that the nozzle hole 21 of the fuel injection valve 402 is not shielded by the shielding member 460 and is in the open state. Fuel injection from Specifically, in S1102 and 1103, when the piston 104 is in the ascending process and approaches the injection period T1, the shielding member 460 is driven and the injection hole 21 is opened. In S1104, the position of the shielding member 460 is detected by the sensor 92.

  In S1105, it is determined based on the detection signal of the sensor 92 whether or not the opening 461a of the shielding member 460 is in an open state in which the nozzle hole 21 is opened. If the opening 461a of the shielding member 460 is in the open state, it is determined that the operation of the shielding mechanism 450 is normal, the process proceeds to S1106, and fuel is injected from the fuel injection valve 402. Conversely, if the shielding member 460 is in a closed state that shields the nozzle hole 21, it is determined that the operation of the shielding mechanism 450 is abnormal, and the process proceeds to S1001 (S1002).

  When the injection period T1 elapses in S1106, the shielding member 460 is driven and the injection hole 21 is shielded in S1107. In S <b> 1108, the position of the shielding member 460 is detected by the sensor 92.

  In S1109, it is determined whether or not the opening 461a of the shielding member 460 is in a closed state based on the detection signal of the sensor 92. If the shielding member 460 is in the closed state, it is determined that the operation of the shielding mechanism 450 is normal, the process proceeds to S1110, and the ignition device 105 ignites and burns the combustible mixture in the combustion chamber 106.

  At this time, the fuel is ignited by ignition of the ignition device 105, but the injection hole 21 of the fuel injection valve 402 is in a state of being shielded, so that the injection hole 21 of the valve portion B is formed from the flame and combustion gas during combustion. Protected. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the nozzle hole 21 from being directly exposed to the flame and combustion gas during combustion. As a result, it is possible to prevent deposits from being generated or adhered to the nozzle holes 21 due to exposure of the flame and combustion gas during combustion.

  Conversely, if the opening 461a of the shielding member 460 is in the open state, it is determined that the operation of the shielding mechanism 450 is abnormal, and the process proceeds to S1001 (S1002).

  In S1111 and S1112, when the piston 104 goes down and the exhaust valve 109 is opened, the combustion gas in the combustion chamber 106 is exhausted through the exhaust port 102e.

  In the present embodiment, the fuel injection device 1 includes fuel injection valves 402A and 402B, fuel injection of the fuel injection valves 402A and 402B, and a control unit that controls the drive unit 70 of the shielding mechanism unit 450. In all periods other than the injection period T1 during which fuel is injected from the fuel injection valves 402A and 402B toward the combustion chamber 106, the nozzles 21 of the fuel injection valves 402A and 402B are protected by controlling the driving of the drive unit 70. Is configured to do. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent deposits from adhering to the nozzle holes 21 due to the influence of high-temperature gas accompanying combustion and dirty gas after combustion.

  In the present embodiment, the fuel injection device 1 has a plurality of fuel injection valves 402A and 402B (two in this embodiment), and the control means is one of the fuel injection valves 402A and 402B. In this fuel injection valve, when one of the drive unit 70 and the shielding member 460 fails, the fuel injection of one fuel injection valve is prohibited and the fuel injection of the other fuel injection valve is permitted. .

  As described above, when the fuel injection valves 402A and 402B are combined and supplied to the engine 100, fuel is supplied to the engine 100. The control means is that the shielding mechanism 450 of any one of the fuel injection valves 402A and 402B fails. In this case, it is preferable that the fuel injection of the failed fuel injection valve is prohibited and the fuel injection of other fuel injection valves is permitted. Thereby, it is possible to avoid an influence on the engine 100 supplied with fuel by the fuel injection valves 402A and 402B due to deposit adhesion to the injection hole 21.

  Further, since the control means includes the fuel injection valve selection means, the determination means, and the fuel injection restriction means, any one of the shielding mechanism portions 450 of the plurality of fuel injection valves 402A and 402B should malfunction. Then, a normal fuel injection valve other than the failed fuel injection valve can be selected, and fuel can be injected and supplied to the engine 100 using the normal fuel injection valve. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the influence on the engine 100 due to the deposit adhering to the nozzle hole 21, and it is possible to perform a backup operation when the shielding mechanism portion of the fuel injection valve breaks down.

(Tenth embodiment)
In the tenth embodiment, in the fuel injection valve 2 described in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 32, the first state in which all the injection holes 21 are shielded and the first state in which a part of the injection holes 21 is shielded. The two states, the third state where all the nozzle holes 21 are opened, and the three stages are switched. FIG. 32 is a view showing the fuel injection valve according to the present embodiment, in which FIG. 32 (a) shows a state where all the injection holes are shielded, and FIG. 32 (b) shows that some injection holes are opened. FIG. 32C is a plan view showing a state in which all the nozzle holes are opened. FIG. 33 is a view for explaining the injection operation of the fuel injection valve according to this embodiment. FIG. 33 (a) shows a state in which fuel injection from all the injection holes is stopped, and FIG. FIG. 33 (c) is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which fuel injection from the nozzle holes is stopped, and FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 32 (a), the four injection holes 21a, 21b, 21c, and 21d are shielded by the shielding member 60. In this state, fuel is supplied from all the injection holes 21a, 21b, 21c, and 21d. There is no injection (see FIG. 33A).

  32A, among the four nozzle holes 21a, 21b, 21c, and 21d, the nozzle holes 21b and 21d are shielded by the shielding member 60, but the nozzle holes 21a and 21c are formed by the shielding member 60. It is opened by the opening 60. In this state, fuel is injected from part 21a, 21c of all nozzle holes 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d, and the number of nozzle holes for injecting fuel can be made variable. Therefore, it is possible to make the injection rate which is one of the fuel injection characteristics injected from the fuel injection valve 2 variable.

(Other embodiments)
In the first, second, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, ninth, and tenth embodiments described above, the drive unit of the shielding mechanism unit is a solenoid that can reciprocate the drive target. Or a displacement generating member composed of a piezo element or a magnetostrictive element that expands and contracts by electric energy.

  In the present embodiment described above, the fuel injection valve is described as injecting fuel in the intake stroke of the combustion cycle of the engine. However, the fuel injection valve is not limited to injecting fuel during the intake stroke, and the fuel is injected in the compression stroke. May be used (see FIG. 34).

It is a typical fragmentary sectional view showing composition of a fuel injection valve concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is the top view seen from the II direction in FIG. It is a perspective developed view which shows the shielding member and intermediate | middle transmission member of the shielding mechanism parts in FIG. It is a figure explaining the operation | movement process of the shielding mechanism part in FIG. 1, Comprising: It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the state which has opened the nozzle hole. It is a figure explaining the operation | movement process of the shielding mechanism part in FIG. 1, Comprising: It is a top view which shows the state which has opened the nozzle hole. FIG. 6A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a state where the fuel injection valve of FIG. 1 is mounted on an internal combustion engine, and FIG. 6B is a schematic plan view of a combustion chamber in a cylinder. . It is a time chart which shows an example of the operating state of the fuel injection valve of 1st Embodiment, and an internal combustion engine. It is a perspective developed view which shows the shielding mechanism part concerning 2nd Embodiment. FIGS. 9A and 9B are diagrams illustrating an operation process of the shielding mechanism portion of FIG. 8, in which FIG. 9A is a state where the nozzle hole is shielded, and FIG. 9B is a plan view illustrating a state where the nozzle hole is opened. It is. It is a figure which shows the fuel injection valve concerning 3rd Embodiment, Comprising: Fig.10 (a) is typical fragmentary sectional drawing, FIG.10 (b) top view. It is a perspective developed view which shows the shielding mechanism part in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the magnetic pole coil in FIG. FIG. 13A is a schematic partial cross-sectional view, and FIG. 13B is a plan view, illustrating a process of opening the nozzle hole in the operation of the shielding mechanism in FIG. 10. It is a figure which shows the fuel injection valve concerning 4th Embodiment, Comprising: Fig.14 (a) is typical fragmentary sectional drawing, FIG.14 (b) is a top view. FIG. 15A is a schematic partial cross-sectional view, and FIG. 15B is a plan view, illustrating a process of opening the nozzle hole in the operation of the shielding mechanism in FIG. 14. FIGS. 16A and 16B are enlarged views for explaining the operation process of the shielding member in FIG. 14, in which FIG. 16A shows a state in which the nozzle hole is shielded, and FIG. 16B shows a state in which the nozzle hole is opened. FIG. It is a figure which shows the fuel injection valve concerning 5th Embodiment, Comprising: Fig.17 (a) is typical fragmentary sectional drawing, FIG.17 (b) is a top view. FIG. 18A is a schematic partial cross-sectional view, and FIG. 18B is a plan view, illustrating a process of opening the nozzle hole in the operation of the shielding mechanism in FIG. It is a figure which shows the fuel injection valve concerning 6th Embodiment, Comprising: Fig.19 (a) is typical fragmentary sectional drawing, FIG.19 (b) is a top view. FIG. 20A is a schematic partial cross-sectional view, and FIG. 20B is a plan view, illustrating a process of opening the nozzle hole in the operation of the shielding mechanism in FIG. 19. It is a figure which shows the fuel injection valve concerning 7th Embodiment, Comprising: Fig.21 (a) is typical fragmentary sectional drawing, FIG.21 (b) is a top view. FIG. 22A is a schematic partial cross-sectional view, and FIG. 22B is a plan view, illustrating a process of opening the nozzle hole in the operation of the shielding mechanism in FIG. 21. It is a figure which shows the fuel injection valve concerning 8th Embodiment, Comprising: Fig.23 (a) is typical fragmentary sectional drawing, FIG.23 (b) is a top view. FIG. 24A is a schematic partial cross-sectional view, and FIG. 24B is a plan view, illustrating a process of opening the nozzle hole in the operation of the shielding mechanism in FIG. It is a typical fragmentary sectional view which shows the structure of the fuel injection valve concerning 9th Embodiment, and the fuel-injection apparatus using the same. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the abnormality diagnosis process of the fuel injection valve in the control means in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the operating state of the fuel injection valve in FIG. 26, and an internal combustion engine, Comprising: Fig.27 (a) is typical sectional drawing, FIG.27 (b) is a typical top view which looked at the combustion chamber in a cylinder. It is. It is a figure which shows an example of the operating state of the fuel injection valve and internal-combustion engine in FIG. 26, Comprising: Fig.28 (a) is typical sectional drawing, FIG.28 (b) is the typical top view which looked at the combustion chamber in a cylinder. It is. It is a figure which shows an example of the operating state of the fuel injection valve in FIG. 26, and an internal combustion engine, Comprising: Fig.29 (a) is typical sectional drawing, FIG.29 (b) is a typical top view which looked at the combustion chamber in a cylinder. It is. It is a map block diagram for selecting and using what combined several fuel injection valves according to the driving | running state of an internal combustion engine. It is a flowchart which shows the abnormality detection process for performing the diagnostic process of each fuel injection valve in FIG. It is a figure which shows the fuel injection valve concerning 10th Embodiment, Comprising: Fig.32 (a) is the state which has blocked all the nozzle holes, FIG.32 (b) has the state which opened one part of the nozzle holes. FIG. 32 (c) is a plan view showing a state in which all the nozzle holes are opened. It is a figure explaining the injection operation of the fuel injection valve concerning a 10th embodiment, and Drawing 33 (a) shows the state where fuel injection from all the injection holes has stopped, and Drawing 33 (b) shows some FIG. 33C is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state where fuel injection from the injection holes is stopped, and FIG. 33C shows a state where fuel injection is performed from all the injection holes. It is a time chart which shows an example of the operating state of the fuel injection valve of another embodiment, and an internal combustion engine.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fuel injection apparatus 2 Fuel injection valve 12 Valve body 14 Valve seat 20 Injection hole plate 21 Injection hole 30 Nozzle needle (valve member)
31 abutting part 50 shielding mechanism part 60 shielding member 61 bottom part 62 opening part 63 cylindrical part 65 intermediate transmission member 66 second cylindrical part 67 annular part 69 second urging member (biasing member)
70 Driving Unit 71 Coil 100 Engine (Internal Combustion Engine)
101 cylinder (cylinder block)
102 Cylinder head 102i Intake port 102e Exhaust port 105 Spark plug (ignition device)
107 Intake valve 109 Exhaust valve B Valve part

Claims (12)

In a fuel injection valve having an injection hole and injecting fuel from the injection hole,
A shielding mechanism that shields between the injection hole and an ignition atmosphere by the fuel injected from the injection hole during an injection stop period in which fuel injection from the injection hole is stopped is provided. Fuel injection valve.   The shielding mechanism includes a shielding member that shields between the nozzle hole and the ignition atmosphere, and protects and exposes the nozzle hole to the ignition atmosphere side according to an injection stop period and an injection period. The fuel injection valve according to claim 1, further comprising a drive unit that drives the shielding member. The shielding member has an opening at a position facing the nozzle hole,
The said drive part is provided with the drive device which switches the said opening part to the shielding position in which the said nozzle hole is shielded, and the open position in which the said nozzle hole is open | released. Fuel injection valve.   The intermediate transmission member for converting an axial reciprocating motion of the drive unit into a rotational motion of the shield member is provided between the shield member and the drive unit. Fuel injection valve.   The fuel injection valve according to claim 3, wherein the driving unit includes a rotation driving device capable of rotating the shielding member. The shielding member has an opening capable of shielding and opening the nozzle hole with respect to the ignition atmosphere,
3. The fuel injection valve according to claim 2, wherein the drive unit includes a drive device that switches between a closed position that closes the opening and an open position that opens the opening. 4.   The fuel injection valve according to claim 6, wherein the shielding member is made of an elastic body.   The drive unit according to any one of claims 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 is an electromagnetic drive member that can reciprocate a drive target and a displacement that expands and contracts by electric energy. A fuel injection valve comprising any of the generating members. The fuel injection valve according to any one of claims 2 to 8,
Fuel injection of the fuel injection valve, and control means for controlling the drive unit,
The control means protects the nozzle hole of the fuel injection valve by drivingly controlling the drive unit in all periods other than the injection period in which fuel is injected from the fuel injection valve toward the combustion chamber. A fuel injection device characterized by the above. A plurality of the fuel injection valves;
The control means prohibits fuel injection of the one fuel injection valve when one of the plurality of fuel injection valves fails in any one of the drive unit and the shielding member. The fuel injection device according to claim 9, wherein the fuel injection of any one of the other fuel injection valves is permitted. The control means includes
Fuel injection valve selection means for controlling the plurality of fuel injection valves to selectively inject fuel according to the operating state of the internal combustion engine;
Determination means for determining whether any of the drive unit and the shielding member is faulty;
Among the plurality of fuel injection valves, for the fuel injection valve determined to have failed by the determination means, the fuel injection is prohibited and another fuel injection valve is selected in the operation state in which the fuel injection valve is selected. Fuel injection limiting means for allowing any one of the fuel injection,
The fuel injection device according to claim 10, comprising: The fuel injection valve according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the shut-off member is attached to a tip portion of the fuel injection valve.

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