JP2007119513A - Twin-screw extracting apparatus - Google Patents

Twin-screw extracting apparatus Download PDF

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JP2007119513A
JP2007119513A JP2005309385A JP2005309385A JP2007119513A JP 2007119513 A JP2007119513 A JP 2007119513A JP 2005309385 A JP2005309385 A JP 2005309385A JP 2005309385 A JP2005309385 A JP 2005309385A JP 2007119513 A JP2007119513 A JP 2007119513A
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raw material
screw
feed screw
reverse feed
solvent
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Shoichi Irie
正一 入江
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a twin-screw extracting apparatus improving productivity without increasing the size of the apparatus and reducing the recycling cost of waste plastics in the twin-screw extracting apparatus designed to elute a flame retardant from the plastics containing the flame retardant with a solvent and remove the flame retardant. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus is equipped with backward feeding screws 4 and 4' installed with a gap kept therebetween and a forward feeding screw 12 installed between the backward feeding screws 4 and 4'. Thereby, a solution of the flame retardant dissolved therein which cannot sufficiently be separated and removed only with the part of the backward feeding screw 4 is separated and removed again with the part of the backward feeding screw 4' when the feed rate of a raw material 7 is increased. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、抽出対象物と樹脂とを含む原料から抽出対象物のみを除去して素材となる樹脂を抽出する２軸スクリュー抽出装置に関し、特に熱可塑性樹脂と難燃剤とを含む原料から難燃剤のみを除去する２軸スクリュー抽出装置に関する。   TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a twin-screw extraction apparatus that extracts only a material to be extracted from a raw material including an extraction target and a resin, and particularly to a flame retardant from a raw material including a thermoplastic resin and a flame retardant. The present invention relates to a twin-screw extraction device that removes only

家電リサイクル法の施行により、回収した家電製品に使用されている材料の再利用が生産者に義務付けられている。この一環として、家電製品の外装筐体などに多用されている廃プラスチックから素材となる樹脂を抽出して再利用する要求が高まってきている。
回収された廃プラスチックは、ポリスチレン、ポリプロピレン、ＡＢＳ、耐衝撃性を向上させたハイインパクトポリスチレン（ＨＩＰＳ）等の熱可塑性樹脂と、熱可塑性樹脂を燃え難くする難燃剤と、着色剤などの添加剤とから構成されている。これらのプラスチックの多くは、難燃剤としてポリ臭素化ビフェニル、ポリ臭素化ビフェニルエーテルなどの臭素系難燃剤が用いられている。しかし近年、これらの臭素系難燃剤は、ＲｏＨＳ指令（特定有害物質使用禁止令）で環境負荷物質に指定され、製品への含有量が規制されている。したがって、環境負荷物質に指定された臭素系難燃剤を含む廃プラスチックを再利用するためには、臭素系難燃剤の含有量を規制値以下に除去する必要がある。
このような背景から、環境負荷物質である難燃剤を含むプラスチックから難燃剤を除去する方法が色々提案されている。例えば、２軸スクリュー抽出装置を利用する方法もその一つである。図２は、特許文献１に開示されている従来の２軸スクリュー抽出装置の要部を示した断面概略図である。つぎに、この装置の構成について説明する。 Due to the enforcement of the Home Appliance Recycling Law, producers are required to reuse the materials used in the collected home appliances. As part of this, there is an increasing demand for extracting and reusing a resin as a raw material from waste plastics frequently used in exterior casings of home appliances.
The recovered waste plastic is made of polystyrene, polypropylene, ABS, a thermoplastic resin such as high impact polystyrene (HIPS) with improved impact resistance, a flame retardant that makes the thermoplastic resin difficult to burn, and an additive such as a colorant. It consists of and. Many of these plastics use brominated flame retardants such as polybrominated biphenyls and polybrominated biphenyl ethers as flame retardants. In recent years, however, these brominated flame retardants have been designated as environmentally hazardous substances by the RoHS Directive (Prohibition on the Use of Specific Hazardous Substances), and their content in products has been regulated. Therefore, in order to recycle waste plastics containing brominated flame retardants designated as environmentally hazardous substances, it is necessary to remove the brominated flame retardant content below the regulation value.
Against this background, various methods have been proposed for removing a flame retardant from a plastic containing a flame retardant that is an environmentally hazardous substance. For example, a method using a twin screw extraction device is one of them. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a main part of a conventional biaxial screw extraction device disclosed in Patent Document 1. As shown in FIG. Next, the configuration of this apparatus will be described.

２軸スクリュー部８は、難燃剤と熱可塑性樹脂とを含むプラスチックからなる原料７を供給する原料供給口３と、難燃剤のみを溶解させる溶剤を供給する溶剤供給口１と、難燃剤を溶剤に溶解させた溶解液を排出する溶解液排出口２と、難燃剤を除去した原料７を排出する原料排出口９と、原料７を原料供給口３から原料排出口９へ搬送する第１の順送りスクリュー１０と、第１の順送りスクリューとは逆の方向へ原料７を搬送する逆送りスクリュー４と、逆送りスクリュー４部を通過した原料７（難燃剤が除去された原料）を原料排出口９へ搬送する第２の順送りスクリュー１１とから構成されている。そして、原料供給口３、溶解液排出口２、溶剤供給口１、原料排出口９がこの順に配置され、逆送りスクリュー４が溶剤供給口１と原料排出口９との間に設けられている。
原料供給口３から供給された原料７は、第１の順送りスクリュー１０の回転によって原料排出口９の方向すなわち矢印６で示した方向へ搬送される。このとき、原料７に含まれている熱可塑性樹脂は機械的な摩擦熱によって熱溶融される。原料７が逆送りスクリュー４部に達すると、逆送りスクリュー４の回転によって原料７の搬送が抑制され、原料７は圧縮されながら逆送りスクリュー４部を通過する。一方、溶剤供給口１から供給された溶剤は原料７と混練されながら逆送りスクリュー４部へ搬送される。この過程で難燃剤は溶剤に溶解される。難燃剤の溶解液は、逆送りスクリュー４部で圧縮された原料の圧縮力によって表面に押し出される。表面に押し出された溶解液は、逆送りスクリュー４部のバレル内が圧縮された原料７で充満されているため、逆送りスクリュー４部を通過することができず、原料７の搬送方向とは逆の方向すなわち矢印５で示した方向へ押し流されて、溶解液排出口２から排出される。難燃剤が除去された原料７は、逆送りスクリュー４部を通過し、第２の順送りスクリュー１１で搬送され原料排出口９から排出される。
特願２００３−５７６０６７号 The biaxial screw portion 8 includes a raw material supply port 3 for supplying a raw material 7 made of plastic including a flame retardant and a thermoplastic resin, a solvent supply port 1 for supplying a solvent for dissolving only the flame retardant, and a flame retardant as a solvent. A solution discharge port 2 for discharging the dissolved solution dissolved in the material, a material discharge port 9 for discharging the material 7 from which the flame retardant has been removed, and a first for conveying the material 7 from the material supply port 3 to the material discharge port 9. The forward feed screw 10, the reverse feed screw 4 that conveys the raw material 7 in the direction opposite to the first forward feed screw, and the raw material 7 (raw material from which the flame retardant has been removed) that has passed through the reverse feed screw 4 part 9 and a second progressive feed screw 11 that is conveyed to the first position. And the raw material supply port 3, the solution discharge port 2, the solvent supply port 1, and the raw material discharge port 9 are arrange | positioned in this order, and the reverse feed screw 4 is provided between the solvent supply port 1 and the raw material discharge port 9. .
The raw material 7 supplied from the raw material supply port 3 is conveyed in the direction of the raw material discharge port 9, that is, the direction indicated by the arrow 6 by the rotation of the first forward feed screw 10. At this time, the thermoplastic resin contained in the raw material 7 is melted by mechanical frictional heat. When the raw material 7 reaches the reverse feed screw 4 part, the conveyance of the raw material 7 is suppressed by the rotation of the reverse feed screw 4, and the raw material 7 passes through the reverse feed screw 4 part while being compressed. On the other hand, the solvent supplied from the solvent supply port 1 is conveyed to the reverse feed screw 4 while being kneaded with the raw material 7. In this process, the flame retardant is dissolved in the solvent. The solution of the flame retardant is pushed out to the surface by the compressive force of the raw material compressed by 4 parts of the reverse feed screw. Since the solution extruded on the surface is filled with the compressed raw material 7 in the barrel of the reverse feed screw 4 part, it cannot pass through the reverse feed screw 4 part, and the conveying direction of the raw material 7 is The solution is pushed away in the opposite direction, that is, in the direction indicated by the arrow 5, and discharged from the solution discharge port 2. The raw material 7 from which the flame retardant has been removed passes through the reverse feed screw 4 and is conveyed by the second forward feed screw 11 and discharged from the raw material discharge port 9.
Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-576067

しかし、従来の２軸スクリュー抽出装置は、原料供給量と難燃剤溶解液の除去率との間に最適条件があり、最適条件以上に原料給料量を増加すると原料給料量に比例して逆送りスクリュー部から漏洩する難燃剤溶解液の漏洩量が増加する問題があった。この問題を解決するために、原料の供給量に応じてバレルの径および各スクリューの径を大きくすることが考えられる。しかし、バレルとスクリューとの間隙は加工精度を要するため、バレルおよびスクリューを大きくすればするほど、加工費が嵩み装置コストが高くなり、廃プラスチックの再生コストが高くなるという問題点があった。
そこで本発明は、装置を大型にせずに生産性を向上させて廃プラスチックの再生コストを低減させる２軸スクリュー抽出装置を提供することを目的とする。 However, the conventional twin screw extraction device has an optimum condition between the feed rate of the raw material and the removal rate of the flame retardant solution. If the feed rate of the raw material is increased more than the optimum condition, the feed is reversed in proportion to the feed rate of the raw material. There was a problem that the amount of flame retardant solution leaking from the screw portion increased. In order to solve this problem, it is conceivable to increase the diameter of the barrel and the diameter of each screw in accordance with the supply amount of the raw material. However, since the gap between the barrel and the screw requires processing accuracy, the larger the barrel and the screw, the higher the processing cost, the higher the device cost, and the higher the recycling cost of the waste plastic. .
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a twin-screw extraction device that improves productivity and reduces the cost of recycling waste plastic without increasing the size of the device.

従来の課題を解決するために本発明の２軸スクリュー抽出装置は、抽出対象物と樹脂とを含む原料を供給する原料供給部と、抽出対象物を溶解させる溶剤を供給する溶剤供給部と、抽出対象物を溶剤に溶解させた溶解液を排出する溶解液排出部と、抽出対象物を溶剤に溶解して、抽出対象物を分離除去した原料を排出する原料排出部と、原料を原料供給部から原料排出部へ搬送する第１の順送りスクリューと、原料を第１の順送りスクリューとは逆の方向へ搬送する第１の逆送りスクリューとを有する２軸スクリュー部とを有し、原料供給部と溶解液排出部と溶剤供給部と原料排出部とがこの順に配置され、第１の逆送りスクリューが溶剤供給部と原料排出部との間に配置されている２軸スクリュー抽出装置であって、第１の逆送りスクリューと原料排出部との間に第２の逆送りスクリューを設け、第２の逆送りスクリューと原料排出部との間に第２の順送りスクリューを設け、第１の逆送りスクリューと第２の逆送りスクリューとの間に第２の溶解液排出部を設けたことを特徴とする。このような構成にすることによって、装置を大型にせずに生産性を向上させることができる。   In order to solve the conventional problems, the twin screw extraction device of the present invention includes a raw material supply unit that supplies a raw material containing an extraction target and a resin, a solvent supply unit that supplies a solvent that dissolves the extraction target, Dissolved solution discharge unit that discharges the solution obtained by dissolving the extraction object in the solvent, raw material discharge unit that discharges the material from which the extraction object is dissolved and separated and removed, and supply of the raw material A biaxial screw unit having a first forward feed screw that conveys the raw material to the raw material discharge unit and a first reverse feed screw that conveys the raw material in a direction opposite to the first forward feed screw. A biaxial screw extraction device in which a part, a solution discharge part, a solvent supply part, and a raw material discharge part are arranged in this order, and a first reverse feed screw is arranged between the solvent supply part and the raw material discharge part. First reverse feed screw A second reverse feed screw is provided between the second reverse feed screw and the raw material discharge portion, a second forward feed screw is provided between the second reverse feed screw and the raw material discharge portion, and the first reverse feed screw and the second reverse feed screw are provided. A second solution discharge part is provided between the feed screw and the feed screw. With such a configuration, productivity can be improved without increasing the size of the apparatus.

本発明の２軸スクリュー抽出装置によれば、装置を大型にせずに生産性が向上し、装置コストおよび廃プラスチックの再生コストの低減が図れる効果が得られる。   According to the twin screw extraction apparatus of the present invention, productivity can be improved without increasing the size of the apparatus, and an effect of reducing the apparatus cost and the recycling cost of waste plastic can be obtained.

以下、本発明の実施形態について図面を参照にして説明する。
［実施の形態１］
図１は、本発明による２軸スクリュー抽出装置における２軸スクリュー部１４の構成例の主要部を示した断面概略図である。尚、図２と同じ構成要素については同じ番号を付与し、詳細については説明を省略する。
図２と異なる点は逆送りスクリューを２段設置した点である。すなわち、第１の逆送りスクリュー４と原料排出口９との間に第２の逆送りスクリュー４’を設け、第２の逆送りスクリュー４’と原料排出口９との間に第２の順送りスクリュー１３とを設け、かつ第１の逆送りスクリュー４と第２の逆送りスクリュー４’との間に第２の溶解液排出口２’を設けた点である。
第１の逆送りスクリュー４と第２の逆送りスクリュー４’との間には第３の順送りスクリュー１２が設けられている。このような構成にすると、原料７の搬送が順調になる点で好ましい。尚、第１の逆送りスクリュー４と第２の逆送りスクリュー４’との間に間隔を設けた理由は、２つの逆送りスクリューを直結すると逆方向の送りが強くなり過ぎて原料を原料排出口９側へ送り出せなくなるからである。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[Embodiment 1]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a main part of a configuration example of a biaxial screw portion 14 in a biaxial screw extraction apparatus according to the present invention. In addition, the same number is attached | subjected about the same component as FIG. 2, and description is abbreviate | omitted for the detail.
The difference from FIG. 2 is that two stages of reverse feed screws are installed. That is, a second reverse feed screw 4 ′ is provided between the first reverse feed screw 4 and the raw material discharge port 9, and a second forward feed is provided between the second reverse feed screw 4 ′ and the raw material discharge port 9. The screw 13 is provided, and the second solution discharge port 2 ′ is provided between the first reverse feed screw 4 and the second reverse feed screw 4 ′.
A third forward feed screw 12 is provided between the first reverse feed screw 4 and the second reverse feed screw 4 ′. Such a configuration is preferable in that the conveyance of the raw material 7 becomes smooth. The reason why the first reverse feed screw 4 and the second reverse feed screw 4 ′ are spaced is that when the two reverse feed screws are directly connected, the feed in the reverse direction becomes too strong and the raw material is discharged. This is because it cannot be sent to the exit 9 side.

第２の逆送りスクリュー４’部で溶解液を原料から分離するためには、原料７への圧縮力を第１の逆送りスクリュー４部よりも更に大きくする必要がある。そこで、第１の逆送りスクリュー４の送りピッチよりも第２の逆送りスクリュー４’の送りピッチを狭くしている。第２の逆送りスクリュー４’の送りピッチを第１の逆送りスクリュー４の送りピッチに対して１／２〜１／３とすると、溶解液の分離除去率が向上する点で好ましい。
本発明に適用できるプラスチックとしては、難燃剤を含む樹脂あるいは難燃剤の他に難燃助剤・滑剤・安定剤・酸化防止剤・着色剤・流動改質剤・離型剤などの添加剤が含有している樹脂などが用い得る。
抽出対象物である難燃剤としては、テトラブロモビスフェノールＡ（ＴＢＡ）などのビスフェノールＡ型の難燃剤、デカブロモジフェニルエーテル・オクタブロモジフェニルエーテル・テトラブロモジフェニルエーテルなどの難燃剤、トリブロモフェノール・エチレンビステトラブロモフタルイミド・ヘキサブロモシクロドデカン・ＴＢＡポリカーボネートオリゴマー・ビストリブロモフェノキシエタン・臭素化ポリスチレン・ＴＢＡエポキシオリゴマー・ポリ臭素化ビフェニル、ポリ臭素化ビフェニルエーテルなどの臭素系難燃剤、パークロロシクロペンタデカン・クロレンド酸・塩素化パラフィンなどの塩素系難燃剤、リン系難燃剤、窒素化合物系難燃剤などがある。廃プラスチックに含まれている難燃剤の含有率は、要求される難燃グレードによって異なるが、一般的に数ｗｔ％から５、６０ｗｔ％である。 In order to separate the solution from the raw material by the second reverse feed screw 4 ′, it is necessary to make the compressive force on the raw material 7 larger than that of the first reverse feed screw 4 part. Therefore, the feed pitch of the second reverse feed screw 4 ′ is narrower than the feed pitch of the first reverse feed screw 4. It is preferable that the feed pitch of the second reverse feed screw 4 ′ is ½ to 送 り with respect to the feed pitch of the first reverse feed screw 4 in that the separation and removal rate of the dissolved liquid is improved.
As plastics applicable to the present invention, in addition to resins containing flame retardants or flame retardants, additives such as flame retardant aids, lubricants, stabilizers, antioxidants, colorants, flow modifiers, release agents, etc. The resin contained can be used.
Examples of flame retardants to be extracted include bisphenol A type flame retardants such as tetrabromobisphenol A (TBA), flame retardants such as decabromodiphenyl ether, octabromodiphenyl ether, tetrabromodiphenyl ether, and tribromophenol ethylene bistetrabromo. Brominated flame retardants such as phthalimide, hexabromocyclododecane, TBA polycarbonate oligomer, bistribromophenoxyethane, brominated polystyrene, TBA epoxy oligomer, polybrominated biphenyl, polybrominated biphenyl ether, perchlorocyclopentadecane, chlorendic acid, chlorine Chlorinated flame retardants such as chlorinated paraffins, phosphorus-based flame retardants, and nitrogen compound-based flame retardants. Although the content rate of the flame retardant contained in the waste plastic varies depending on the required flame retardant grade, it is generally several wt% to 5, 60 wt%.

樹脂としては、ポリスチレン、ハイインパクトポリスチレン、スチレン−ブダジエン−アクリロニトリル、スチレン−ブタジエン、ポリ−α−メチルスチレン、スチレン−アクリロニトリル、スチレン−無水マレイン酸などのスチレン系樹脂、ポリプロピレン、ＡＢＳ、ハイインパクトポリスチレンなどの熱可塑性樹脂あるいはこれらの樹脂を混合した複合樹脂が用い得る。これらの樹脂の分子量は、３，０００〜１，０００，０００程度が望ましい。
難燃剤の溶剤としては、上述した難燃剤のみを溶解し、樹脂を溶解させない溶剤であればいずれでも適用できる。このような溶剤としては、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、ジエチレングリコールメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールプロピルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールブチルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールメチルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールエチルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールプロピルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールブチルエーテル、トリプロピレングリコールメチルエーテル、トリプロピレングリコールエチルエーテル、トリプロピレングリコールプロピルエーテル、トリプロピレングリコールブチルエーテルなどが挙げられる。尚、必要に応じて、抗菌剤，防カビ剤、酸化防止剤、害虫忌避剤、界面活性剤、着色剤、発泡剤、流動促進剤などの添加物を溶剤に添加しても良い。つぎに、以上に説明した原料から難燃剤を除去する方法について説明する。 Examples of the resin include polystyrene, high impact polystyrene, styrene-butadiene, acrylonitrile, styrene-butadiene, poly-α-methylstyrene, styrene-acrylonitrile, styrene-maleic anhydride and other styrene resins, polypropylene, ABS, high impact polystyrene, and the like. These thermoplastic resins or composite resins obtained by mixing these resins can be used. The molecular weight of these resins is preferably about 3,000 to 1,000,000.
As the flame retardant solvent, any solvent can be used as long as it dissolves only the flame retardant described above and does not dissolve the resin. Such solvents include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, diethylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, diethylene glycol propyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, triethylene glycol methyl ether, triethylene glycol ethyl ether, triethylene glycol propyl. Examples include ether, triethylene glycol butyl ether, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, tripropylene glycol ethyl ether, tripropylene glycol propyl ether, and tripropylene glycol butyl ether. If necessary, additives such as antibacterial agents, fungicides, antioxidants, pest repellents, surfactants, colorants, foaming agents, glidants and the like may be added to the solvent. Next, a method for removing the flame retardant from the raw materials described above will be described.

原料供給口３から供給された原料７は、第１の順送りスクリュー１０の回転によって矢印６の方向へ搬送される。この過程で原料は、機械的な摩擦熱によって熱溶融される。このとき、必要に応じてバレルに設けた加熱装置で原料７を加熱溶融させてもよい。
溶融された原料７は、溶剤供給口１から供給された溶剤と混練されながら第１の逆送りスクリュー４部へ搬送される。この過程で難燃剤を溶解した溶解液は、図２で説明したように、第１の溶解液排出部２から排出される。一方、第１の逆送りスクリュー４部を通過した原料７は、順送りスクリュー１２によって第２の逆送りスクリュー４’部へ搬送され、第２の逆送りスクリュー４’部で再度圧縮される。このとき、原料７中に残存している溶解液が原料７の表面に押し出され、第２の溶解液排出口２’から排出される。第２の逆送りスクリュー４’部を通過した原料７は、順送りスクリュー１１によって原料排出口９から排出される。
以上に説明したように、逆送りスクリュー部を２段設けることによって、第１段目の逆送りスクリュー部で十分に抽出しきれなかった溶解液が、第２段目の逆送りスクリュー部で抽出される。したがって、従来の問題点であった原料供給量の増加による溶解液の抽出不足を解消することができる。 The raw material 7 supplied from the raw material supply port 3 is conveyed in the direction of the arrow 6 by the rotation of the first forward feed screw 10. In this process, the raw material is melted by mechanical frictional heat. At this time, you may heat-melt the raw material 7 with the heating apparatus provided in the barrel as needed.
The melted raw material 7 is conveyed to the first reverse feed screw 4 while being kneaded with the solvent supplied from the solvent supply port 1. The solution obtained by dissolving the flame retardant in this process is discharged from the first solution discharge unit 2 as described with reference to FIG. On the other hand, the raw material 7 which has passed through the first reverse feed screw 4 part is conveyed by the forward feed screw 12 to the second reverse feed screw 4 ′ part and compressed again by the second reverse feed screw 4 ′ part. At this time, the solution remaining in the raw material 7 is pushed out to the surface of the raw material 7 and discharged from the second solution discharge port 2 ′. The raw material 7 that has passed through the second reverse feed screw 4 ′ is discharged from the raw material discharge port 9 by the forward feed screw 11.
As explained above, by providing two stages of the reverse feed screw part, the solution that could not be sufficiently extracted by the first stage reverse screw part is extracted by the second stage reverse screw part. Is done. Therefore, the lack of extraction of the solution due to the increase in the amount of raw material supply, which has been a conventional problem, can be solved.

尚、本実施形態では、第２の逆送りスクリュー４’と順送りスクリュー１２と溶解液排出口２’とからなる溶解液再排出手段を１段設けたが、必要に応じて溶解液再排出手段を複数段設けてもよい。また、抽出対象物として難燃剤について説明したが、溶剤に溶解する抽出対象物であればいずれでも適用できる。
［具体的実施例］
廃テレビの外装に使用されているハイインパクトポリスチレンを１〜１０ｍｍ大に粉砕したペレットを原料として用意した。ハイインパクトポリスチレンには、平均分子量約４００００のＴＢＡ（テトラブロモビスフェノールＡ）の難燃剤が含有されている。この原料を蛍光Ｘ線分析で測定したところ、臭素元素の含有率は約１５％であった。また、ＴＢＡの溶剤としてジプロピレングリコールを用意した。
上記の原料と溶剤とを用いて、図１に示した２軸スクリュー抽出装置で難燃剤を分離除去した。原料の供給量を２０ｋｇ／時、溶剤の供給量を４０ｋｇ／時にしたとき、得られた原料中の臭素元素の含有率は約２％であった。
［比較例］
具体的実施例で用いた同じ原料と溶剤とを用いて、図２に示した従来の２軸スクリュー抽出装置、すなわち図１に示した２軸スクリュー抽出装置から第２の逆送りスクリュー４’を取り除いた装置で同じ抽出条件で難燃剤を分離除去した。その結果、得られた原料中の臭素元素の含有率は約５％であった。 In the present embodiment, one stage of the solution re-ejecting means comprising the second reverse feed screw 4 ′, the forward feed screw 12 and the solution outlet 2 ′ is provided, but the solution re-ejecting means is provided if necessary. A plurality of stages may be provided. Moreover, although the flame retardant has been described as the extraction object, any extraction object that dissolves in a solvent can be applied.
[Specific Examples]
The pellet which grind | pulverized the high impact polystyrene currently used for the exterior of a waste television to 1-10 mm large was prepared as a raw material. High impact polystyrene contains a TBA (tetrabromobisphenol A) flame retardant having an average molecular weight of about 40,000. When this raw material was measured by fluorescent X-ray analysis, the bromine element content was about 15%. Dipropylene glycol was prepared as a solvent for TBA.
The flame retardant was separated and removed using the above-described raw material and solvent by the twin screw extraction apparatus shown in FIG. When the raw material supply rate was 20 kg / hour and the solvent supply rate was 40 kg / hour, the bromine element content in the obtained raw material was about 2%.
[Comparative example]
Using the same raw material and solvent used in the specific embodiment, the second counter-feed screw 4 ′ is transferred from the conventional twin-screw extraction device shown in FIG. 2, that is, the twin-screw extraction device shown in FIG. The removed flame retardant was separated and removed under the same extraction conditions. As a result, the content of elemental bromine in the obtained raw material was about 5%.

また、原料の供給量を１０ｋｇ／時、溶剤の供給量を２０ｋｇ／時にしたところ、臭素元素の含有率が約２％になった。   Moreover, when the supply amount of the raw material was 10 kg / hour and the supply amount of the solvent was 20 kg / hour, the bromine element content was about 2%.

本発明による２軸スクリュー抽出装置は、難燃剤などの抽出対象物を含む廃プラスチックから抽出対象物を分離除去して、プラスチック素材として再利用する分野に有効である。   The twin screw extraction device according to the present invention is effective in the field of separating and removing an extraction object from waste plastic containing an extraction object such as a flame retardant and reusing it as a plastic material.

本発明による２軸スクリュー抽出装置の構成例の要部を示した概略図The schematic which showed the principal part of the structural example of the biaxial screw extraction apparatus by this invention. 従来の２軸スクリュー抽出装置の要部を示した概略図Schematic showing the main part of a conventional twin screw extraction device

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 溶剤供給口
２ 溶解液排出口
３ 原料供給口
４ 逆送りスクリュー
５ 溶剤の流れ方向
６ 原料搬送方向
７ 原料
１０、１１、１２ 順送りスクリュー
１４ ２軸スクリュー部

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solvent supply port 2 Solvent discharge port 3 Raw material supply port 4 Reverse feed screw 5 Solvent flow direction 6 Raw material conveyance direction 7 Raw material 10, 11, 12 Forward feed screw 14 Biaxial screw part

Claims (4)

抽出対象物と樹脂とを含む原料を供給する原料供給部と、
抽出対象物を溶解させる溶剤を供給する溶剤供給部と、
抽出対象物を溶剤に溶解させた溶解液を排出する溶解液排出部と、
抽出対象物を溶剤に溶解して、抽出対象物を分離除去した原料を排出する原料排出部と、
原料を原料供給部から原料排出部へ搬送する第１の順送りスクリューと、原料を第１の順送りスクリューとは逆の方向へ搬送する第１の逆送りスクリューとを有する２軸スクリュー部と、
を有し、
原料供給部と溶解液排出部と溶剤供給部と原料排出部とがこの順に配置され、
第１の逆送りスクリューが溶剤供給部と原料排出部との間に配置されている、
２軸スクリュー抽出装置において、
前記第１の逆送りスクリューと前記原料排出部との間に第２の逆送りスクリューを設け、前記第２の逆送りスクリューと前記原料排出部との間に第２の順送りスクリューを設け、前記第１の逆送りスクリューと前記第２の逆送りスクリューとの間に第２の溶解液排出部を設けたことを特徴とする、
２軸スクリュー抽出装置。 A raw material supply unit for supplying a raw material including an extraction object and a resin;
A solvent supply section for supplying a solvent for dissolving the extraction object;
A solution discharge unit for discharging a solution obtained by dissolving the extraction object in a solvent;
A raw material discharge unit for discharging the raw material obtained by dissolving the extraction target in a solvent and separating and removing the extraction target;
A biaxial screw portion having a first forward screw that conveys the raw material from the raw material supply portion to the raw material discharge portion, and a first reverse feed screw that conveys the raw material in a direction opposite to the first forward feed screw;
Have
The raw material supply unit, the solution discharge unit, the solvent supply unit, and the raw material discharge unit are arranged in this order,
A first reverse feed screw is disposed between the solvent supply section and the raw material discharge section;
In the twin screw extraction device,
A second reverse feed screw is provided between the first reverse feed screw and the raw material discharge part, a second forward feed screw is provided between the second reverse feed screw and the raw material discharge part, A second solution discharge part is provided between the first reverse feed screw and the second reverse feed screw,
Twin screw extraction device. 前記第１の逆送りスクリューと前記第２の逆送りスクリューとの間に第３の順送りスクリューを設けたことを特徴とする、
請求項１に記載の２軸スクリュー抽出装置。 A third forward feed screw is provided between the first reverse feed screw and the second reverse feed screw,
The twin screw extraction device according to claim 1. 前記第３の順送りスクリューの鉛直上に前記第２の溶解液排出部を設けたことを特徴とする、
請求項２に記載の２軸スクリュー抽出装置。 The second solution discharge part is provided vertically on the third progressive screw,
The twin screw extraction device according to claim 2. 前記第１の逆送りスクリューのスクリューピッチ幅より前記第２の逆送りスクリューのスクリューピッチ幅を狭くしたことを特徴とする、
請求項１から３のいずれかに記載の２軸スクリュー抽出装置。

The screw pitch width of the second reverse feed screw is narrower than the screw pitch width of the first reverse feed screw,
The twin screw extraction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

JP2005309385A 2005-10-25 2005-10-25 Twin-screw extracting apparatus Pending JP2007119513A (en)

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