JP2007117024A - Hydroponics device for japanese ginger - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydroponics device for Japanese ginger where a simply structured horizontal cultivation table is used so as to horizontally support a cultivation tray even when the Japanese ginger grows large. <P>SOLUTION: The hydroponics device for Japanese ginger has the following structure: a cultivation tray 1 for putting a culture medium 4 thereon is placed on longitudinal pipes 27 disposed on a horizontal cultivation table 26 in parallel at prescribed intervals; the cultivation tray 1 is made of foamed polystyrene, provided with side walls 6 along both side edges of a bottom plate 7; the upper surface of the bottom plate 7 is provided with side grooves 11 formed at both sides thereof and a center groove 12 formed midway; and the lower surface of the bottom plate 7 is provided with a lower surface recessed part 14 so as to lie between the side groove 11 and the center grooves 12; and side part ribs 17B are formed below the side grooves 11 and a center rib 17(A) is formed below the center groove 12 so as to form vertical ribs 17 the lower surfaces of which comprise flat ones each with a prescribed width. In the hydroponics device for Japanese ginger, the lower surface of the center rib 17(A) is put on the vertical pipes 27, and the lower surfaces of both side part ribs 17B are each put on a single piece of the vertical pipes 27 to dispose the cultivation tray 1 on the horizontal cultivation table 26. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an apparatus for cultivating a myoga that supplies a nutrient solution to a medium for planting myoga to grow myoga.

An apparatus for hydroponically cultivating myoga has been developed. (See Patent Document 1)
The cultivation apparatus described in this publication is shown in FIG. In this apparatus, a rock wool 32 having a predetermined thickness is laid on a tray 31 filled with a nutrient solution 30, a root cutting sheet 33 is laminated on the rock wool 32, and a medium 34 is placed on the root cutting sheet 33. Are laminated. The nutrient solution 30 in the tray 31 is controlled to a level where the lower part of the rock wool 32 is immersed and the root cutting sheet 33 is not immersed.

  The cultivation apparatus described in this publication has the disadvantages that plants such as myoga to grow are likely to become ill and the equipment cost is very high. Plants are prone to disease because the nutrient solution is stored in the tray, which becomes dirty and rots. In addition, the cultivation equipment is expensive because the tray does not leak to store the nutrient solution, and thick rock wool is laid on the tray, and only the lower part of this rock wool is used as the nutrient solution. This is because the nutrient solution level is accurately controlled so as to be immersed.

  The present inventor has developed a hydroponic cultivation apparatus having a unique structure for the purpose of eliminating this drawback. In addition to making the cultivation tray into a groove shape with an upper opening, this hydroponic cultivation apparatus has side grooves on both sides and a central groove in the center on the upper surface of the bottom plate of the cultivation tray. Three rows of drainage grooves are provided. The nutrient solution cultivating apparatus having this structure supplies the nutrient solution to the medium to retain the water. Excess nutrient solution permeates the medium and drains from the drains in the side and center grooves.

The hydroponic cultivation apparatus having this structure does not immerse the culture medium in the nutrient solution, so that the disease of myoga can be reduced. However, the cultivation tray of this structure needs to be formed thick in order to provide three rows of drainage grooves. This is because the bottom surface of the drainage groove is closed and the strength of the drainage groove portion is sufficient. A thickly formed cultivation tray has a drawback that the amount of raw material used increases and the manufacturing cost increases. The amount of raw material used can be reduced by providing a recess in the bottom plate. However, the cultivation tray provided with a recess in the bottom plate has a drawback that when the ginger is grown on a horizontal cultivation table, the cultivation tray is deformed and cannot be held horizontally as the ginger grows larger. This is because the contact area between the horizontal cultivation stand and the cultivation tray is reduced by the recess, and the contact portion of the cultivation tray is crushed and deformed by the load of the myoga and the medium. This drawback can be solved by fixing a non-deformable plate such as an iron plate on the horizontal cultivation table. However, this structure has the disadvantage of increasing the cost of the horizontal cultivation table.
JP 11-318244 A

  The present invention was developed for the purpose of solving the above disadvantages of the conventional cultivating apparatus for cultivating myoga, and an important object of the present invention is to reduce the production cost of the cultivation tray and to simplify the process. An object of the present invention is to provide a hydroponic cultivation apparatus for myoga that can support a cultivation tray horizontally even when myoga grows large while using a horizontal cultivation table having a structure.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus for myoga of the present invention has the following configuration.
The apparatus for cultivating myoga includes a medium 4 having a predetermined thickness and width for growing myoga and a cultivation tray 1 on which this medium 4 is placed. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus places the cultivation tray 1 on three or four vertical pipes 27 arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval provided on the horizontal cultivation table 26, and puts on the cultivation tray 1. The culture medium 4 is arrange | positioned, the nutrient solution 20 is supplied to the culture medium 4, and a ginger is grown. The cultivation tray 1 is a polystyrene foam. This cultivation tray 1 is provided with side walls 6 along both side edges of the bottom plate 7 and has a cross-sectional shape of a groove shape. Furthermore, the cultivation tray 1 is provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate 7 in such a manner that a drain groove 9 including a side groove 11 provided on both sides and a central groove 12 provided between the side grooves 11 extends vertically. Furthermore, the cultivation tray 1 is provided with a lower surface recess 14 on the lower surface of the bottom plate 7 so as to be positioned between the side groove 11 and the central groove 12, and the side ribs 17 </ b> B are provided below the side grooves 11. A central rib 17A is provided below, and a vertical rib 17 is provided in which a lower surface composed of the side ribs 17B and the central rib 17A has a flat surface with a predetermined width. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus places the lower surface of the central rib 17A on one or two vertical pipes 27 and the lower surfaces of the side ribs 17B on both sides on one vertical pipe 27. Is placed on three or four vertical pipes 27 of the horizontal cultivation table 26, and the cultivation tray 1 is arranged on the horizontal cultivation table 26.

  The hydroponic cultivation apparatus for myoga of the present invention is provided with the mounting lands 19 protruding at both sides on the central rib 17A at a predetermined interval, and the lower surface of the central rib 17A having the mounting lands 19 is a flat surface located on the same plane. The center rib 17A can be placed on one or two vertical pipes 27 and the cultivation tray 1 can be horizontally arranged on the horizontal cultivation table 26.

  In the hydroponic cultivation apparatus for myoga of the present invention, the central rib 17A is formed wider than the side ribs 17B so as to be placed on one or two vertical pipes 27, and the wide central rib 17A is formed. It is possible to place the cultivation tray 1 horizontally on the horizontal cultivation table 26 by placing it on one or two vertical pipes 27 and placing the side ribs 17B on both sides on one vertical pipe 27. it can.

  The hydroponic cultivation apparatus for myoga of the present invention can be provided with the loading lands 19 at predetermined intervals on the side ribs 17B so as to protrude from the side edges facing the central ribs 17A.

  In the apparatus for cultivating a myoga of the present invention, a root cutting sheet 3 that prevents the root of myoga from passing through the medium 4 and allows water to pass therethrough is disposed. In addition, a water retaining sheet 5 for supplying water to the culture medium 4 can be laminated, and a base film 2 can be laminated under the water retaining sheet 5.

  The hydroponic cultivation apparatus for myoga of the present invention is characterized by reducing the production cost of the cultivation tray, and further using the horizontal cultivation table with a simple structure, so that the cultivation tray can be supported horizontally even if the myoga grows large. is there. That is, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention forms the cultivation tray with foamed polystyrene, and on the upper surface of the bottom plate of this cultivation tray is provided with drainage grooves consisting of side grooves on both sides and a central groove between the side grooves, A bottom surface recess is provided on the bottom surface of the bottom plate so as to be positioned between the side groove and the center groove, a side rib is provided below the side groove, a center rib is provided below the center groove, and a side rib is provided. The vertical ribs composed of the central rib and the central rib have a flat bottom surface with a predetermined width, the lower surface of the central rib is on one or two vertical pipes, and the lower surfaces of the side ribs on both sides are one each. This is because the vertical rib is placed on three or four vertical pipes of the horizontal cultivation table and the cultivation tray is arranged on the horizontal cultivation table.

  In the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention, the central rib is provided with mounting lands protruding on both sides at a predetermined interval, and the lower surface of the central rib with the mounting lands is a flat surface located on the same plane, Since the central rib is placed on one or two vertical pipes and the cultivation tray is horizontally arranged on the horizontal cultivation table, the substantial width of the central rib of the cultivation tray is set while holding the cultivation tray horizontally. The manufacturing cost of the cultivation tray can be reduced by narrowing. This is because the amount of polystyrene foam used to form the cultivation tray can be reduced, and the cultivation tray can be placed on a vertical pipe and supported horizontally.

  Moreover, as for the nourishing liquid cultivation apparatus of Claim 3 of this invention, a center rib shape | molds more broadly than a side part rib so that it may mount on one or two vertical pipes, Place it on one or two vertical pipes, place the side ribs on both sides on one vertical pipe, and place the cultivation tray horizontally on the horizontal cultivation table. Can be placed on a vertical pipe. This cultivation tray is characterized by being able to hold the cultivation tray horizontally in an ideal state without being deformed by being pushed by the vertical pipe even when the ginger grows and becomes considerably heavy.

  Furthermore, since the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 4 of the present invention is provided with lands at predetermined intervals on the side ribs, the side ribs can be placed on the vertical pipes even if the vertical pipes are displaced. it can. That is, the side rib can be widened so that the vertical pipe can be placed thereon.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the examples shown below exemplify a nourishing hydroponic cultivation apparatus for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention does not specify the nourishing hydroponic apparatus for myoga as follows. .

  Further, in this specification, in order to facilitate understanding of the scope of claims, numbers corresponding to the members shown in the examples are indicated in the “claims” and “means for solving problems” sections. It is added to the members. However, the members shown in the claims are not limited to the members in the embodiments.

  2 to 4 includes a culture medium 4 having a predetermined thickness and width for growing a root of myoga and a cultivation tray 1 on which the culture medium 4 is placed. The cultivation tray 1 is placed in a horizontal posture on the horizontal cultivation table 26. The horizontal cultivation table 26 includes three or four vertical pipes 27 arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval. The vertical pipe 27 is disposed horizontally. The cultivation tray 1 is placed horizontally on the vertical pipe 27. The culture medium 4 is placed on the cultivation tray 1, and the nutrient solution 20 is supplied to the culture medium 4 to grow the ginger.

  Further, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus shown in the figure includes a root cutting sheet 3 that is stacked under the culture medium 4 to prevent passage of the roots of the ginger planted in the culture medium 4 and allows water to pass therethrough, and the root cutting sheet. A water retaining sheet 5 that is laminated under 3 and supplies water to the culture medium 4 and a base film 2 that is laminated under the water retaining sheet 5 are laid on the cultivation tray 1 on which the culture medium 4 is placed. These nutrient solution cultivation apparatuses supply the nutrient solution 20 to the medium 4 arranged on the cultivation tray 1 and cultivate myoga with the medium 4.

  The culture medium 4 is required to have water retention for retaining the supplied water and drainage for draining excess water. The medium 4 shown in the figure has a mat shape with a predetermined thickness and is placed on the root cutting sheet 3. As the culture medium 4, an optimal medium for the growth of ginger is selected. For example, an organic material such as coconut shell or bark is pressed and solidified into a mat having a predetermined thickness. As the medium 4, for example, a medium having a length of 1 m, a width of 40 cm, and a thickness of about 12 cm in a state where a nutrient solution is supplied is used. However, any medium having water retention and drainage suitable for the growth of myoga can be used as the medium, for example, an organic substance or an inorganic substance alone or a mixture thereof. As the medium that is an inorganic substance, for example, particles or rock wool obtained by sintering silica or alumina in an infinite number of voids can be used.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 7, the cultivation tray 1 is formed by integrally forming a pair of side walls 6 protruding upward along both side edges of the bottom surface, and has a cross-sectional shape of a groove shape. The side wall 6 prevents the culture medium 4 placed on the cultivation tray 1 and the nutrient solution 20 supplied from the water supply pipe 23 from spilling out to the outside of the cultivation tray 1. Therefore, the height (h) of the side wall 6 is formed to a height that can prevent the culture medium 4 and the nutrient solution 20 from spilling out. The height (h) of the side wall 6 is 4 cm or more, preferably 5 cm or more. The higher the side wall, the more reliably the medium and nutrient solution can be prevented from spilling out. However, the high side walls are less fragile due to their reduced strength, and the inflorescences growing on the sides of the medium cannot be sufficiently irradiated with sunlight. Therefore, the side wall 6 is lower than 10 cm, preferably 8 cm or less. The strength of the sidewall can be increased by increasing its thickness. However, when the side wall is thickened, the width of the entire cultivation tray is widened. Therefore, the side wall 6 has a thickness of 1 to 5 cm, preferably 2 to 3 cm, and a height of 4 to 10 cm, preferably 5 to 8 cm, and more preferably 4 to 7 cm.

  The cultivation tray 1 shown in the figure has side walls 6 on both sides inclined toward the outside. The side walls 6 on both sides are inclined in a direction in which the opening width of the cultivation tray 1 formed into a groove shape is increased. As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the cultivation tray 1 is provided with the side wall 6 in a posture that is inclined outward with respect to the vertical plane (H) at the boundary line (m) between the bottom plate 7 and the side wall 6. . As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the side wall 6 of the cultivation tray 1 in FIGS. 2 and 4 has an inner surface as an inclined surface 6 </ b> A and a rising surface 6 </ b> B at the upper end. The standing surface 6B can be a vertical surface as shown in FIG. 5 or an inclined surface with a steeper slope than the inclined surface 6A as shown in FIG. As described above, the side wall 6 having the rising surface 6B at the upper end of the inner surface can effectively prevent the culture medium and nutrient solution from spilling out of the cultivation tray 1 because the standing surface 6B can stop the culture medium and nutrient solution. it can. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 6, the side wall 6 of the cultivation tray 1 of FIG. 3 is shape | molded so that the inner surface may become the inclined surface 6A to an upper end. This structure can be made strong by increasing the thickness of the side wall 6.

The cultivation tray which inclines a side wall makes the inclination | tilt angle ((alpha)) which the inner surface (P) of the side wall 6 makes with a perpendicular surface (H) larger than 30 degree | times. Since the inner surface of the side wall 6 shown in FIG. 6 is an inclined surface 6A up to the upper end, the angle formed by the inner surface (P), which is the inclined surface 6A, and the vertical surface (H) is the inclined angle (α). Moreover, since the side wall 6 shown in FIGS. 5 and 7 is provided with an upstanding surface 6B at the upper end of the inner surface, the inner surface (P) that minimizes the angle formed with the vertical surface (H) is not the inclined surface 6A. This is a surface connecting the upper end inside the upright surface 6B and the boundary line (m) between the side wall 6 and the bottom plate 7. In the side wall 6 of this structure, the inner surface (P) that connects the upper end of the standing surface 6B that is the upper end portion of the side wall 6 and the boundary line (m) of the side wall 6 and the bottom plate 7 has a vertical surface (H). The inclination angle is defined as the inclination angle (α).
Therefore, in this specification, the inclination angle (α) formed by the inner surface (P) of the side wall 6 and the vertical surface (H) is the inner surface (P) of the side wall 6 that minimizes the angle formed by the vertical surface (H), That is, it means the angle formed by the inner surface (P) connecting the innermost portion of the side wall 6 and the boundary line (m) of the side wall 6 and the bottom plate 7 with the vertical plane (H).

  The cultivation tray 1 that inclines the side walls can efficiently grow inflorescences on the side surface of the culture medium 4 with an inclination angle (α) that the inner surface (P) of the side walls 6 forms a vertical surface (H) of 30 degrees or more. This is because if the inclination angle (α) is too small, the space between the side surface of the medium and the inner surface of the side wall cannot be widened, and the side surface of the medium cannot be sufficiently irradiated with sunlight. As shown in the figure, the structure in which the inclination angle (α) is 30 degrees or more and the side walls 6 on both sides are inclined to widen the opening width widens the space between the side surface 6 of the culture medium 4 and the side walls 6 to emit sunlight. The side of the culture medium 4 can be sufficiently irradiated. Therefore, the inflorescence can be ideally grown also in the lower part of the side surface of the culture medium 4, and the yield can be improved. Moreover, since the space between the side surface of the culture medium 4 and the side wall 6 can be widened, there is also a feature that it can be efficiently harvested without damaging the inflorescence growing on the side surface of the culture medium 4. Furthermore, the structure which inclines the side wall 6 can also use the white type | system | group for the root cutting sheet 3 laid here, and can also irradiate the side surface of the culture medium 4 by reflecting sunlight.

  In the cultivation tray 1 for inclining the side wall, when the inclination angle (α) of the side wall is increased, the height (h) of the side wall 6 is decreased, and the outer width (W) of the cultivation tray 1 is increased. As described above, if the height (h) of the side wall is too low, the medium and nutrient solution cannot be effectively prevented from spilling outside. In addition, if the outer width (W) of the cultivation tray 1 is too wide, an area necessary for installation becomes wide, and the cultivation tray 1 cannot be efficiently produced. For example, when the culture tray 1 has a width of 40 cm and the outer width (W) is 65 cm or more and 85 cm or less, the cultivation tray 1 can efficiently grow inflorescences on the side surface of the culture medium 4. Therefore, the cultivation tray 1 adjusts the inclination angle (α) to an optimum angle so that the outer width (W) can be 65 cm to 85 cm while the height (h) of the side wall 6 is 4 cm to 10 cm.

  The cultivation tray 1 shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 5, and 6 is provided with side edge plate portions 7 </ b> A on both sides of the bottom plate 7. The bottom plate 7 uses the outer side of the side groove 11 as a side edge plate portion 7A. The cultivation tray 1 is integrally formed with a side wall 6 that protrudes upward from the side edge of the side edge plate portion 7A. This cultivation tray 1 has the feature that the width of the bottom plate 7 can be widened. Although the cultivation tray 1 that can widen the bottom plate 7 is not shown, side culture media are provided on both sides of the culture medium for planting the myoga, and plants other than the myoga can be planted and cultivated with this side culture medium. This hydroponic cultivation apparatus can plant a plant that can be harvested earlier than the inflorescence in the side culture medium, and can harvest the crop planted in the side culture medium until the inflorescence is harvested to increase profits.

  Further, the cultivation tray 1 shown in FIGS. 4 and 7 is provided with a pair of side walls 6 integrally along both side edges of the bottom plate 7. The cultivation tray 1 of this structure can make the inclination angle ((alpha)) large, and can make the wide range of both sides into the side wall 6. FIG. Thus, the cultivation tray 1 which makes the inner surface of the side wall 6 wide and makes the gently inclined surface 6 </ b> A can efficiently drain the nutrient solution supplied to the inner surface of the side wall 6 along the inclined surface 6 </ b> A of the side wall 6. There is.

  Furthermore, the cultivation tray 1 is provided with three rows of drain grooves 9 on the upper surface 8 as shown in FIGS. However, these figures show the cultivation tray 1 shown in FIG. Although not shown, the cultivation tray 1 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 can also have a structure similar to that shown in FIGS. The cultivation tray 1 shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 is provided with a pair of side grooves 11 provided along the side walls 6 on both sides, and a central groove 12 provided between the pair of side grooves 11 as the drainage grooves 9. The side grooves 11 and the central grooves 12 on both sides are connected by connecting grooves 13.

  The pair of side grooves 11 are inside the pair of side walls 6 and are provided along the side walls 6. As shown in FIG. 9, the side grooves 11 are provided extending to both end surfaces of the cultivation tray 1. The cultivation tray 1 guides the waste liquid that permeates the culture medium 4 to the side groove 11 and drains it from the side groove 11 to the outside of the cultivation tray 1.

  The central groove 12 is located in the middle of the pair of side grooves 11 and is provided in parallel with the side grooves 11. The central groove 12 is also extended to both end surfaces of the cultivation tray 1. This central groove 12 guides a part of the waste liquid that permeates the culture medium 4 disposed above the central upper surface 8A of the cultivation tray 1 and efficiently drains it.

  Furthermore, the cultivation tray 1 connects the pair of side grooves 11 and the central groove 12 with a connection groove 13. The connecting groove 13 is a groove provided so as to connect the side grooves 11 on both sides, and crosses the central groove 12 and intersects the central groove 12 perpendicularly. The connecting groove 13 drains the waste liquid flowing through the central groove 12 by flowing into the side groove 11. Moreover, the connection groove | channel 11 also has a function which guides and drains a part of waste liquid which permeate | transmits the culture medium 4 arrange | positioned above the center upper surface 8A of the cultivation tray 1. FIG.

  Furthermore, the connecting groove 13 shown in FIG. 10 has a bottom surface inclined downwardly from the central groove 12 toward the side grooves 11 on both sides. The connecting groove 13 having this structure can quickly cause the waste liquid flowing in the central groove 12 to flow down toward the side groove 11. However, the connecting groove can also be inclined downwardly from the one side groove toward the other side groove. In this structure, the waste liquid flowing in one side groove and the central groove flows down to the other side groove and is drained.

  The drainage grooves 9 described above have a width and depth that allow the waste liquid that has passed through the culture medium to flow smoothly. Even if the drainage groove 9 is too narrow or too deep, foreign matter contained in the waste liquid tends to be clogged, and the waste liquid cannot be drained smoothly. For this reason, the width and depth of the drain groove 9 are, for example, 1 cm or more, preferably 2 cm or more. However, if the width of the drainage groove 9 is increased and the depth of the cultivation tray is increased, the overall strength is lowered. For this reason, the width and depth of the drainage groove 9 are, for example, smaller than 7 cm, preferably 6 cm or less. The width and depth of the drainage groove 9 are preferably set to 3 to 5 cm in order to reduce clogging of the waste liquid and hold the culture medium 4 horizontally.

  Further, the cultivation tray 1 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is an upper surface 8 of the bottom plate 7, and the side surface 8 </ b> B located between the side wall 6 and the side groove 11 is inclined downward toward the side groove 11. The inclined surface is made. This cultivation tray 1 drains waste liquid that has permeated the culture medium 4 disposed above the side upper surface 8B, which is an inclined surface, from the side upper surface 8B toward the side groove 11. That is, the cultivation tray 1 can quickly flow down the waste liquid passing through the culture medium 4 in the vicinity of the side wall 6 toward the side groove 11 without stagnation in the corner portion at the foot of the side wall 6. Moreover, since the cultivation tray 1 which makes this side part upper surface 8B an inclined surface can shape | mold the side edge plate part 7A which is a connection part with the side wall 6 gradually thickly toward the side wall 6, the side edge plate part 7A and the side wall 6 There is also a feature that can increase the connection strength. However, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, the cultivation tray 1 can also be formed in a shape in which the side groove 11 is provided in the vicinity of the side wall 6 and the side upper surface is not provided.

  Furthermore, the cultivation tray 1 shown in the drawing is provided with a plurality of rows of support ribs 10 that are located on the bottom surface side of the side wall 6 and the side edge plate portion 7A and project downward. The support ribs 10 are formed in a direction perpendicular to the side walls 6 and are integrally formed at a predetermined interval on the bottom surface side of the cultivation tray 1. This support rib 10 supports the side edge plate portion 7A and the side wall 6 from the lower side to reinforce them, and prevents this portion from being deformed or broken.

  Furthermore, the cultivation tray 1 protrudes from the lower surface of the bottom plate 7 and is provided with vertical ribs 17 and horizontal ribs 18. The cultivation tray 1 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 is provided with three rows of vertical ribs 17 whose lower surface is a flat surface having a predetermined width. The three rows of vertical ribs 17 include a center rib 17A provided at the center and two rows of side ribs 17B provided on both sides of the center rib 17A. The central rib 17A protrudes below the central groove 12 provided in the center of the bottom plate 7. The side ribs 17 </ b> B are provided so as to protrude below the side grooves 11 provided on both sides of the bottom plate 7. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 11, the cultivation tray 1 is provided with horizontal ribs 18 so as to be orthogonal to the three rows of vertical ribs 17. The vertical ribs 17 and the horizontal ribs 18 have the same bottom surface, and a lower surface recess 14 is provided in a region surrounded by the vertical ribs 17 and the horizontal ribs 18. The cultivation tray 1 of FIG. 2 thru | or 4 has the bottom face of the lower surface recessed part 14 located above the bottom face of the side groove | channel 11 and the center groove | channel 12, and is shape | molded thinly.

  The above cultivation tray 1 is provided with the lower surface recess 14 on the lower surface of the bottom plate 7 so as to be positioned between the side groove 11 and the central groove 12, and the side ribs 17 </ b> B below the side grooves 11 and the lower side of the central groove 12. A central rib 17A is provided on the side wall, and three rows of vertical ribs 17 including side ribs 17B and a central rib 17A are provided.

  The vertical rib 17 including the central rib 17A and the side ribs 17B is placed on the vertical pipe 27 of the horizontal cultivation table 26. The side ribs 17 </ b> B on both sides are placed on one vertical pipe 27. The central rib 17A is placed on one vertical pipe 27 or on the two vertical pipes 27. Accordingly, the central rib 17A has a width that allows one or two vertical pipes 27 to be placed thereon, and the side rib 17B has a width that allows one vertical pipe 27 to be placed thereon. The central rib 17A is open on the upper surface and is provided with a central groove 12. The width of the central groove 12 is narrower than the width of the central rib 17A, the width of the side groove 11 is narrower than the width of the side rib 17B, and the central groove 12 and the side groove 11 open only upward.

  The cultivation tray 1 shown in FIGS. 8 and 11 is provided with mounting lands 19 projecting on both sides at predetermined intervals on the central rib 17A. The central rib 17A having the mounting land 19 is a flat surface whose lower surface is located on the same plane. The central rib 17 </ b> A has two vertical pipes 27 placed on the mounting land 19, and the cultivation tray 1 is installed horizontally on the horizontal cultivation table 26. The central rib 17A provided with the lands 19 on both sides can be placed on one vertical pipe, and the cultivation tray can be installed on the horizontal cultivation table.

  The cultivation tray 1 shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 11 is provided with the mounting land 19 of the central rib 17 </ b> A at the corner portion of the lower surface recess 14. That is, the cultivation tray 1 in these figures has a land 19 placed on the boundary portion between the central rib 17A and the lateral rib 18. The structure in which the mounting land 19 is provided on this portion has an advantage that the connection strength between the central rib 17A and the lateral rib 18 can be increased. However, as shown in FIG. 12, the central rib 17 </ b> A can be provided between the lateral ribs 18 and can be provided with a mounting land 19 projecting on both sides with a predetermined width.

  Furthermore, the cultivation tray 1 of FIGS. 13 and 14 is provided with a land 19 on the side rib 17B. The cultivation tray 1 shown in FIG. 13 projects the mounting land 19 of the side rib 17B to the side edge facing the central rib 17A, and is provided at a predetermined interval. Further, the cultivation tray 1 shown in FIG. 14 has the mounting lands 19 of the side ribs 17B projecting on the opposite side to the central ribs 17A, that is, on both outer sides, and provided at predetermined intervals. The side ribs 17 </ b> B with the mounting lands 19 are flat surfaces whose lower surfaces are located on the same plane. The side ribs 17B shown in these drawings can place the mounting land 19 on the vertical pipe 27, so that the position of the vertical pipe 27 can be shifted to the left and right and placed on the side rib 17B. In particular, as shown in FIG. 14, the structure in which the mounting lands 19 of the side ribs 17 </ b> B are provided so as to protrude outward is reinforced by supporting the side edge plate portions 7 </ b> A and the side walls 6 from below with the mounting lands 19. The support rib 10 can be reinforced. Moreover, since the space | interval of the vertical pipe 27 which mounts the side part rib 17B can be widened, there also exists the feature which can support the cultivation tray 1 stably.

  Furthermore, the cultivation tray 1 shown to the figure inclines the central upper surface 8A between a pair of side grooves 11 in the downward slope toward the side grooves 11. FIG. This structure has a feature that waste liquid that permeates the culture medium 4 disposed above the central upper surface 8A can be drained by quickly flowing down toward the side grooves 11 on both sides. However, the central upper surface can be inclined downward toward the central groove, or can be inclined downward toward both the side groove and the central groove.

  Although the cultivation tray having the above structure has the side upper surface 8B and the central upper surface 8A as inclined surfaces, the present invention does not necessarily require the upper surface of the cultivation tray as an inclined surface. The cultivation tray can be flat on the entire upper surface, or can be partially inclined.

  Furthermore, although not shown in figure, the cultivation tray can provide the drainage hole which drains the waste liquid which flowed into the gutter outside the cultivation tray. This cultivation tray can provide a drain hole in the center part of a gutter, for example. The drainage hole is a through-hole penetrating the bottom surface of the cultivation tray, and can pass the waste liquid flowing into the side groove and drain it to the outside. The cultivation tray which has a drain hole can make the bottom face of a side groove incline in the downward slope toward a drain hole, and can let the waste liquid which flows through a side groove flow to a drain hole rapidly.

  The cultivation tray 1 having the above structure is manufactured by foaming plastic. This cultivation tray 1 can be mass-produced inexpensively. The cultivation tray 1 made of plastic foam can be provided with a non-foamed layer on the surface to prevent the penetration of the waste liquid, or foam into closed cells to prevent the penetration of the waste liquid. it can. However, since the cultivation tray 1 is a base film 2 of a non-permeable sheet laid on the top and can prevent the waste liquid from penetrating into the cultivation tray 1, the cultivation tray 1 does not need to have a completely waterproof structure. The plastic foam cultivation tray 1 can be made of foamed polystyrene and can be produced in large quantities at a particularly low cost. However, the cultivation tray can also be manufactured from other plastic foams such as vinyl chloride foam, EVA foam, urethane foam and the like.

  Furthermore, the cultivation tray 1 shown in the figure is divided into a plurality of partition plates 1A and has a structure in which partition plates 1A arranged adjacent to each other are connected by a fitting structure. This cultivation tray 1 can be connected long and narrow like a basket by arranging partition plates 1A of a predetermined size. The partition plate 1A is provided with a protrusion 15 and a recess 16 that can be fitted to each other at adjacent edges. As shown in FIG. 15, this cultivation tray 1 can connect the adjacent division | segmentation plate 1A to a fixed position by putting the protrusion part 15 in the recessed part 16. As shown in FIG. Since the hydroponic cultivation apparatus lays the base film 2 of a water-impermeable sheet on the cultivation tray 1, it is not necessary to connect the partition plates 1A with a waterproof structure so that water does not leak from the connecting portion. This is because the waste liquid can be collected while preventing it from penetrating the upper surface 8 of the cultivation tray 1 by the base film 2 laid on the top.

  The base film 2 is laid on the cultivation tray 1. The base film 2 partitions the culture medium 4, the root cutting sheet 3 and the water retention sheet 5 disposed on the upper side, and the cultivation tray 1 when disposed on the lower side. The base film 2 is a water-impermeable sheet, and prevents waste liquid that has passed through the culture medium 4 from passing therethrough and penetrating into the cultivation tray 1. The base film 2 is larger than the outer shape of the cultivation tray 1 and is extended to the outer surfaces of the side walls 6 on both sides. This is to prevent the waste liquid from entering between the side wall 6 and the base film 2.

  The base film 2 is laid in a state along the upper surface 8 of the cultivation tray 1. The base film 2 laid in the side groove 11 and the central groove 12 is laid along the inner surface thereof as shown in FIGS. In the base film 2 laid along the inner surfaces of the side grooves 11 and the central grooves 12, the waste liquid flows in the grooves formed inside thereof. Therefore, in this specification, “the waste liquid flows through the side grooves and the central groove” means that the waste liquid does not flow directly inside the side grooves and the central groove, but inside the base film laid inside the side grooves and the central groove. Means that the waste liquid flows.

  The base film 2 is a water-impermeable sheet made of a plastic film. A polyethylene film is suitable for the base film 2 of the non-water-permeable sheet which is a plastic film. However, a vinyl chloride film can also be used as the plastic film of the base film. Furthermore, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention does not specify a base film that is a water-impermeable sheet as a plastic film. This is because, for example, a non-woven sheet or cloth having a waterproof surface can be used for the base film which is a non-water-permeable sheet. Base films composed of non-woven fabrics and cloths are harder to tear than plastic films and have the advantage of being resistant to heat.

  The water retaining sheet 5 is located on the upper surface 8 of the cultivation tray 1 and is laid on the base film 2. That is, the water retaining sheet 5 is disposed between the base film 2 and the root cutting sheet 3. The water retaining sheet 5 absorbs and retains the waste liquid that has passed through the culture medium 4 and the root cutting sheet 3. The water retention sheet 5 is a water retention mat in which inorganic fibers are gathered three-dimensionally without directionality, a nonwoven fabric in which fibers are gathered without directionality and fibers are bonded at intersections, rock wool having a predetermined thickness, woven fabric, Water-resistant paper or the like can be used. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus shown in the figure uses the water retention sheet 5 as a water retention mat. However, rock wool can be used for the water retaining sheet. Since the hydroponic cultivation apparatus retains moisture in the water retaining sheet 5, when the medium 4 is dried, the moisture retained is permeated through the root cutting sheet 3 and supplied to the medium 4. The water in the water retaining sheet 5 is vaporized and supplied to the culture medium 4 or permeated through the root cutting sheet 3 and permeated into the culture medium 4 to be replenished. Therefore, these hydroponic cultivation devices have the feature that they can grow myoga while preventing the medium 4 from being overdried.

  The root cutting sheet 3 is a sheet also called a root prevention sheet, and a commercially available sheet is used. The root cutting sheet 3 can be a nonwoven fabric in which fine fibers are three-dimensionally assembled. Further, a plastic film provided with an infinite number of fine through holes can be used as the root cutting sheet 3. Furthermore, the root cutting sheet 3 can be any sheet that can permeate water and prevent the roots of the plant from growing and passing.

  The root cutting sheet 3 is laminated under the medium 4 and prevents the roots of plants planted in the medium 4 from passing therethrough. The root cutting sheet 3 shown in the figure is disposed between the culture medium 4 and the water retention sheet 5 and prevents the roots of the plant from extending and entering the grooves of the water retention sheet 5 and the cultivation tray 1. This is because if roots of plants enter the grooves of the water retention sheet 5 or the cultivation tray 1, the roots come into contact with the waste liquid and become sick. Therefore, the root cutting sheet 3 is preferably disposed on the entire upper surface of the cultivation tray 1 as shown in FIGS. However, when a plant is grown on a part of the culture tray instead of the entire top surface of the cultivation tray, it is not always necessary to dispose a root cutting sheet on the entire surface of the cultivation tray. The root cutting sheet 3 in the figure is laid horizontally on the water retaining sheet 5 and hung downward from both sides of the side wall 6 of the cultivation tray 1. This hydroponic cultivation apparatus can reliably prevent plant roots and the culture medium 4 from entering between the root cutting sheet 3 and the base film 2.

  The above hydroponic cultivation apparatus is arranged horizontally on the horizontal cultivation table 26. The horizontal cultivation table 26 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 is a mounting table that is arranged away from the ground. As described above, the nutrient solution cultivation apparatus placed on the platform has a feature that the waste liquid drained to the outside can flow down naturally and can be efficiently recovered. However, the horizontal cultivation table does not necessarily need to be a platform that is separated from the ground, and the hydroponic cultivation apparatus can be directly placed on the open ground with the horizontal cultivation stand as the open ground.

  The nutrient solution cultivating apparatus shown in the figure supplies the nutrient solution 20 to the culture medium 4 in which myoga is planted by a water feeder 25. As shown in the figure, the water feeder 25 includes a tank 21 that stores the nutrient solution 20, a pump 22 that sucks and transfers the nutrient solution 20 in the tank 21, and a nutrient solution 20 that is supplied from the pump 22. 4 and a water supply pipe 23 for spraying water. The water feeder 25 having this structure continuously operates the pump 22 to continuously supply a fixed amount of nutrient solution 20 to the plant, or controls the operation of the pump 22 by the control unit 24 to supply a predetermined amount of nutrient solution 20 to a predetermined amount. Feed plants at time intervals. The nutrient solution 20 supplied to the ginger passes through the culture medium 4 and the root cutting sheet 5, a part is absorbed by the water retention sheet 5, and the rest flows into the side groove 11 as waste liquid and is drained to the outside. As shown in the figure, the waste liquid drained to the outside from the side groove 11 is collected and circulated to the tank 21 of the water feeder 25. The water supply device 25 shown in the figure has a structure in which the waste liquid recirculated to the tank 21 is supplied again to the culture medium 4 through the water supply device 25, but the recovered waste liquid is not recirculated to the tank 21 of the water supply device 25. It can also be collected in a collection tank separate from the water supply.

  The nutrient solution 20 supplied to the myoga is a solution obtained by adding fertilizers and chemicals to water. Therefore, it is not preferable that the waste liquid that has passed through the culture medium 4 and the root cutting sheet 3 is drained to the open ground. This is because the soil contained in the waste liquid may contaminate the soil in the open ground or promote the growth of weeds and bacteria. Thus, the nutrient solution cultivation apparatus that collects the waste liquid drained to the outside from the cultivation tray has the feature that the waste liquid can be prevented from penetrating into the open ground and plants can be grown in an ideal environment.

  The collected waste liquid is discarded or supplied to the medium again. The waste liquid collected and supplied again to the culture medium 4 is adjusted to a predetermined fertilizer concentration by adding necessary fertilizer. However, the recovered waste liquid can also be supplied to the culture medium 4 for the purpose of replenishing water without adjusting the fertilizer concentration. An apparatus that supplies the collected waste liquid to the medium 4 again can effectively use water to reduce the amount of water consumed. In addition, since the waste liquid contains fertilizer, the apparatus for supplying the waste liquid to the medium again has a feature that the running cost can be reduced. Furthermore, there is a feature that waste liquid containing fertilizer is not drained to the surroundings.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the conventional hydroponic cultivation apparatus. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic sectional drawing of the nourishing hydroponic cultivation apparatus concerning one Example of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of a myoga concerning other Examples of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of a myoga concerning other Examples of this invention. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the side wall of the cultivation tray of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus shown in FIG. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the side wall of the cultivation tray of the nutrient solution cultivation apparatus shown in FIG. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the side wall of the cultivation tray of the nutrient solution cultivation apparatus shown in FIG. It is a cross-sectional perspective view of the cultivation tray shown in FIG. It is a top view of the cultivation tray shown in FIG. It is AA sectional view taken on the line of the cultivation tray shown in FIG. It is a bottom view of the cultivation tray shown in FIG. It is a bottom view which shows another example of a cultivation tray. It is a bottom view which shows another example of a cultivation tray. It is a cross-sectional perspective view which shows another example of a cultivation tray. It is a side view which shows the connection structure of a partition plate.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Cultivation tray 1A ... Partition plate 2 ... Base film 3 ... Root cutting sheet 4 ... Medium 5 ... Water retention sheet 6 ... Side wall 6A ... Inclined surface
6B ... Standing surface 7 ... Bottom plate 7A ... Side edge plate part 8 ... Upper surface 8A ... Center upper surface
8B ... Upper side surface 9 ... Drainage groove 10 ... Supporting rib
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Side groove 12 ... Center groove 13 ... Connection groove 14 ... Undersurface recessed part 15 ... Projection part 16 ... Recessed part 17 ... Vertical rib 17A ... Center rib
17B ... Side ribs 18 ... Horizontal ribs 19 ... Mounting land 20 ... Nutrient solution 21 ... Tank 22 ... Pump 23 ... Water supply pipe 24 ... Control part 25 ... Water supply device 26 ... Horizontal cultivation stand 27 ... Vertical pipe 30 ... Nutrient solution 31 ... Tray 32 ... Rock wool 33 ... Root cutting sheet 34 ... Medium 36 ... Side wall

Claims (5)

A medium (4) having a predetermined thickness and width for growing myoga, and a cultivation tray (1) on which this medium (4) is placed, the cultivation tray (1) is provided on a horizontal cultivation table (26). Placed on three or four vertical pipes (27) arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval, medium (4) is placed on this cultivation tray (1), and nourished on medium (4) A cultivation device configured to cultivate myoga by supplying liquid (20),
The cultivation tray (1) is made of polystyrene foam, and this cultivation tray (1) is provided with side walls (6) along both side edges of the bottom plate (7) to form a cross-sectional groove shape, and further, the bottom plate (7) On the upper surface of the side wall, a drainage groove (9) comprising a side groove (11) provided on both sides and a central groove (12) provided between the side grooves (11) is provided in a vertically extending posture, and the bottom plate ( 7) The lower surface recess (14) is provided on the lower surface of the side groove (11) so as to be positioned between the side groove (11) and the central groove (12), and the side rib (17B) is disposed below the side groove (11). A central rib (17A) is provided below the groove (12), and a vertical rib (17) having a flat surface with a predetermined width as a lower surface composed of the side rib (17B) and the central rib (17A) is provided,
Place the lower surface of the central rib (17A) on one or two vertical pipes (27) and the lower surfaces of the side ribs (17B) on both sides on one vertical pipe (27). Rib (17) is placed on three or four vertical pipes (27) of horizontal cultivation table (26), and cultivation tray (1) is arranged on horizontal cultivation table (26). Myoga nourishing culture equipment.   The central rib (17A) protrudes on both sides to provide mounting lands (19) at a predetermined interval, and the lower surface of the central rib (17A) having the mounting lands (19) is a flat surface located on the same plane. The center rib (17A) is placed on one or two vertical pipes (27), and the cultivation tray (1) is arranged horizontally on the horizontal cultivation table (26). Cultivated hydroponic equipment for myoga.   The central rib (17A) is formed wider than the side rib (17B) so as to be placed on one or two vertical pipes (27), and one wide central rib (17A) is formed. Or put it on the two vertical pipes (27), place the side ribs (17B) on both sides on the one vertical pipe (27), and place the cultivation tray (1) on the horizontal cultivation table (26). The hydroponic cultivation apparatus for myoga according to claim 1, which is arranged horizontally.   The hydroponic cultivation apparatus for myoga according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the side ribs (17B) protrude from the opposite side edge to the central rib (17A) and the mounting lands (19) are provided at predetermined intervals. . Under the medium (4), a root cutting sheet (3) that prevents the passage of the ginger root and allows water to pass therethrough is disposed, and further, under the root cutting sheet (3), the medium (4 2) a water retention sheet (5) for supplying water, and a base film (2) is laminated under the water retention sheet (5).

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