JP2007113935A - Method and device for radiating electron beam - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and device for radiating an electron beam capable of uniformly radiating the electron beam, even with low energy, to an object. <P>SOLUTION: The electron beam EB is varied in radiation angle by an electronic deflection apparatus (not shown), and is radiated into a chamber 1 forming an electron beam radiation region where the atmosphere around the beverage vessel 30 (object) is managed in a negative pressure state. A plurality of annular magnetic field generating coils 71 are arranged on a wall surface of the chamber 1. The current-carrying of an alternating-current power supply 72 is changed sequentially, a rotation magnetic field where the generated magnetic field itself rotates around the object is generated in the electron beam radiation region, and the beam is uniformly and disorderly radiated also in the axis direction of the object. A plurality of permanent magnets arranged annularly may be rotated to move the object in the axis direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an electron beam irradiation method and an electron beam irradiation apparatus for irradiating an object with an electron beam, and in particular, for example, food and drink, water, pharmaceuticals, Chinese medicine, cosmetics, feed, fertilizer, etc. The present invention relates to an electron beam irradiation method and an electron beam irradiation apparatus that can be suitably used for carrying out sterilization using the packaging material or the like as the object.

  Conventionally, this type of electron beam irradiation method and electron beam irradiation apparatus generally irradiate a target with a high-energy electron beam using its transmission action. However, in such a high energy type electron beam irradiation method and electron beam irradiation apparatus, there is a problem that the facility tends to be large and energy efficiency is poor. Therefore, for the purpose of simplifying facilities and improving energy efficiency, while using a low-energy electron beam, deflecting electrons using a magnetic field, or reflecting electrons with a reflector, A low energy type electron beam irradiation method and an electron beam irradiation apparatus that can irradiate an electron beam as uniformly as possible have been proposed.

For example, as representative examples, the techniques described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are disclosed.
In the technique described in Patent Document 1, an electron beam irradiation unit that irradiates an electron beam toward the electron beam irradiation region, and a plurality of magnetic field deflectors that are arranged around the electron beam irradiation region and generate a plurality of magnetic fields. I have. And the electron beam irradiation apparatus further provided with the conveyance means which conveys a three-dimensional target object in an electron beam irradiation area | region is disclosed.

In the technique described in Patent Document 2, electron beam irradiation means for irradiating a three-dimensional object in an electron beam irradiation region with an electron beam, a magnetic deflector disposed below the object, and the object are conveyed. An electron beam irradiating apparatus provided with a conveying means that performs the above-described process is disclosed.
According to the configurations disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, the object is transferred into the electron beam irradiation region by the transfer means, and then the electron beam is generated by the electron beam irradiation means. By irradiating the irradiated region and deflecting the irradiated electron beam by each magnetic field deflector, it is possible to irradiate each part of the object with the electron beam.
JP 2002-308229 A JP-A-11-281798

Here, in order to uniformly irradiate the entire surface of the object with the electron beam, it is necessary to change the arrangement of the magnetic deflector and the magnetic field strength in various ways. However, such control for maintaining the uniformity of irradiation is very difficult because electrons are emitted at high speed, and the electron beam is uniformly irradiated on the entire surface of the object even by the techniques of the above-mentioned patent documents. The above is still insufficient.
In addition, when the object is a solid object with complicated irregularities or a sheet-like member, for example, irradiation on the opposite side of the object deflects electrons with respect to the irradiation part of the electron beam irradiation means. Even in this case, irradiation is difficult because of the large llama radius and fringing. Although it has been proposed to irradiate the opposite surface of the object with an electron beam by secondary electrons on the object or reflector, such secondary electrons have a large loss due to the spatial distance, so that irradiation is difficult. It is still difficult to ensure the amount and to irradiate uniformly.

Furthermore, the electron beam irradiated from this kind of electron beam irradiation apparatus collides with the surrounding gas (gas) which is the atmosphere other than a target object, or the structure part of an apparatus, and the energy is further consumed. Therefore, the uniform irradiation of the electron beam to the object is made more difficult.
Therefore, the present invention has been made paying attention to such problems, and an electron beam irradiation method and electron beam irradiation that can uniformly irradiate an object with an electron beam even with a low-energy electron beam. The object is to provide a device.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a method of irradiating an object with an electron beam, generating a rotating magnetic field in the electron beam irradiation region, and irradiating the object with the electron beam in the rotating magnetic field. It is characterized by that.
Moreover, this invention is an electron beam irradiation apparatus which irradiates a target object with an electron beam, Comprising: The irradiation tank which accommodates a target object inside and creates an electron beam irradiation area | region, and irradiates an electron beam in the irradiation tank Electron beam irradiation means and magnetic field generation means for generating a rotating magnetic field surrounding the object in the irradiation tank are provided.

  Here, the “rotating magnetic field” in the present invention is to rotate the generated magnetic field so as to surround the object, and when the generated magnetic field itself rotates around the object, the magnetic field itself is When the magnetic field surrounding the object is not rotated but the object is rotated to be a relatively rotating magnetic field, and the magnetic field itself is rotated around the object, and the magnetic field surrounding the object is The meaning includes any case where the object is also rotated.

  According to the present invention, a rotating magnetic field is generated so as to surround an object within an electron beam irradiation region. Since the object is irradiated with an electron beam in this rotating magnetic field, the irradiated electron beam is deflected in the rotating direction inside the rotating magnetic field, so that the energy is transferred to components other than the object. The object is not consumed by the collision, and the electron beam can be uniformly irradiated particularly in the circumferential direction by deflecting the electron beam applied to the object with a rotating magnetic field.

  Here, it is preferable that the magnetic field generating means is configured to generate a plurality of rotating magnetic fields over a range surrounding the object. With such a configuration, a plurality of rotating magnetic fields are connected to each other, so that it is formed as a barrier surrounding the entire object. Thereby, by confining the electrons, it is more preferable to appropriately suppress energy consumption and to uniformly irradiate the object with the electron beam.

Further, it is more preferable that the magnetic field generating means has a configuration capable of generating the plurality of rotating magnetic fields separately. With such a configuration, disorder in the direction of electron reflection can be obtained more effectively. Therefore, more efficient electron beam irradiation can be performed on the object.
Further, for example, the electron beam is moved while moving the rotating magnetic field generated individually with respect to the target in a stepwise manner (for example, for each section divided into an upper part, a central part, a lower part, etc. if the member extends vertically). Irradiation is effective in irradiating the entire object uniformly.

Further, it is preferable that the magnetic field generating means can change the reflection direction of the electron beam in the rotating magnetic field by changing the rotating direction of the rotating magnetic field to be generated. With such a configuration, disorder in the electron reflection direction can be obtained more effectively. Therefore, it is possible to irradiate the target with more efficient and uniform electron beam.
Moreover, it is preferable that the said magnetic field generation | occurrence | production means has a some magnetic field generator which is arrange | positioned so that the target object in the said irradiation tank may be surrounded, and each may generate | occur | produce a magnetic field. If it is such a structure, it can be set as a suitable structure when forming the rotating magnetic field which surrounds a target object.

  Moreover, the said magnetic field generator is comprised by the annular | circular shaped magnetic field generation coil, and the structure which generate | occur | produces by supplying with electricity to the said magnetic field generation coil can also be employ | adopted suitably. Even with such a configuration, a configuration suitable for forming a rotating magnetic field that surrounds the object can be obtained. Note that an AC power supply can be used as the power supply for energization, and the number of phases thereof may be, for example, a three-phase AC or a multiphase AC of three or more phases. And it is suitable when irradiating a target with an electron uniformly, using a low energy electron beam. Further, it is preferable that the magnetic field generating means can change the strength of the rotating magnetic field by changing, for example, an effective value of the AC voltage supplied to the magnetic field generating coil. With such a configuration, the direction of electron rotation can be made more random, and more efficient and uniform electron beam irradiation can be achieved.

  The magnetic field generator has a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in an annular shape, and a magnetic field generator rotating means for rotating the plurality of permanent magnets arranged in the annular shape around its central axis. It is preferable that the rotating magnetic field is generated by rotating the plurality of permanent magnets arranged in an annular shape by the magnetic field generator rotating means. With such a configuration, a desired rotating magnetic field can be efficiently formed in accordance with appropriate conditions.

  The magnetic field generator includes a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in an annular shape, and an object rotating means for rotating the object around a central axis of the plurality of permanent magnets arranged in the annular shape. The rotating magnetic field rotates relative to the object by rotating the object inside a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in an annular shape by the object rotating means. It is preferable to be configured to be generated as a magnetic field. With such a configuration, a desired rotating magnetic field can be efficiently formed in accordance with appropriate conditions.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the magnetic field generating means further includes an axial direction moving means for moving the magnetic field generator in the axial direction of the rotating magnetic field generated. With such a configuration, disorder in the electron reflection direction can be obtained more effectively. Therefore, it is possible to irradiate the electron beam more efficiently on the object and more uniformly in the axial direction.

  The apparatus further includes an irradiation tank that houses the object and manages the atmosphere around the object in a vacuum state or a state filled with an atmospheric gas from negative pressure to positive pressure. The gas is preferably one or more selected from air, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, and helium. With such a configuration, the energy loss of electrons can be further reduced by managing the atmosphere in a vacuum state or a state filled with a negative pressure atmospheric gas. Further, even in an atmospheric pressure atmosphere, if a gas such as helium having a small specific gravity is used as the atmospheric gas, the energy loss of electrons is further reduced as compared with the case where the atmospheric gas is a gas having a large specific gravity such as air. be able to. Even in a positive pressure atmosphere, although depending on the pressure level, the use of a gas such as helium having a small specific gravity as the atmosphere gas can sufficiently reduce the energy loss of electrons.

Moreover, it is preferable that the said electron beam irradiation means has an irradiation angle change means which can change the irradiation angle of the electron beam to irradiate. If it is such a structure, the approach angle of the electron beam irradiated in an electron beam irradiation area | region can be changed. Therefore, electrons hit the rotating magnetic field at various angles, and disordered irradiation from more directions becomes possible. Therefore, more efficient and uniform electron beam irradiation can be performed on the object.
Moreover, it is preferable that the apparatus further includes an object transport unit that transports the object so as to pass through the electron beam irradiation region (or in the irradiation tank). If it is such a structure, this invention can be applied in the middle of the batch type production line or the continuous type production line which is flowing the said target object.

  Moreover, this invention can be suitably utilized for the use which uses the said target object as a container or a sheet-like member, irradiates the said container or sheet-like member with an electron beam, and sterilizes this. That is, the present invention can be applied according to the type and shape of an object from a three-dimensional object having a complicated shape to a flat object, and an electron beam is efficiently and uniformly applied to the object. Paper that can be irradiated, for example, a so-called PET bottle (pet bottle) for soft drinks or other plastic hollow containers that are sterilized by irradiating them with an electron beam or paper for milk drinks The paper sheet before being assembled as a container can be suitably used for such purposes as irradiating an electron beam to sterilize the sheet.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, even if it is a low energy electron beam, the electron beam irradiation method and electron beam irradiation apparatus which can irradiate a target with an electron beam uniformly can be provided.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings as appropriate. In each of the following embodiments, as an object, a hollow beverage container 30 having a complicated shape such as a PET bottle (pet bottle) for soft drinks is irradiated with an electron beam to sterilize it. It is the example which applied the electron beam irradiation apparatus which concerns on this invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an electron beam irradiation apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In addition, in the same figure, the irradiation tank of the substantially cylindrical electron beam which makes the main-body part of an electron beam irradiation apparatus is shown in the cross section containing the axis line.

As shown in the figure, the electron beam irradiation apparatus includes a chamber 1 that is an irradiation tank for electron beams EB. The chamber 1 is a sealed container having a pressure-resistant structure that is large enough to accommodate the beverage container 30 therein, and is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape with its axis up and down. The material of the chamber 1 is made of steel or stainless steel, and the periphery thereof is surrounded by a shielding material 2 that can shield X-rays.
In the upper part of the chamber 1, there is provided an electron generation unit 3 that is an electron beam irradiation means for irradiating the electron beam EB toward the inside of the chamber serving as an electron beam irradiation region. The electron generation unit 3 has a plurality of electron beam irradiation windows 5 (five places in this example) that are installed in close contact with the upper portion of the chamber 1. It has a structure that can be irradiated inside.

  On the wall surface of the chamber 1 (in this example, the inner wall surface), a plurality of magnetic field generating coils 71 having an annular shape are arranged at predetermined positions so as to surround the periphery of the electron beam irradiation region inside the chamber 1. The plurality of magnetic field generating coils 71 constitute the above magnetic field generating means, and the generated magnetic field itself rotates around the object in the electron beam irradiation region when energized from the AC power source 72 to each of them. A rotating magnetic field can be generated and arranged in three stages in parallel along the direction of the axis of the beverage container 30 so as to surround the beverage container 30 in the chamber 1 as the predetermined position. The plurality of magnetic field generating coils 71 each generate a rotating magnetic field. That is, the plurality of magnetic field generating coils 71 can form a barrier by so-called magnetic fields by synthesizing the rotating magnetic fields of three stages so as to surround the beverage container 30 along the inner wall 18 of the chamber. Each magnetic field generating coil 71 corresponds to the magnetic field generator. Then, by changing the effective value of the AC voltage supplied from the AC power source 72 and energizing each of the magnetic field generating coils 71, the strength of each rotating magnetic field can be changed. Further, the energization timing is controlled so as to be sequentially switched in the three-stage arrangement direction. Accordingly, the electron beam EB is deflected in order along the direction of the axis of the beverage container 30 so that the beverage container 30 is sequentially switched for each section divided into an upper portion, a central portion, and a lower portion. All parts of the container 30 can be irradiated uniformly and randomly.

  And the said electron generation part 3 can irradiate the low energy electron beam in the chamber 1, and the output in the main body is set to 200 kV or less. An annular electron deflector (not shown) is interposed between each electron beam irradiation window 5 and the inside of the chamber 1 in order to allow electrons to enter the chamber 1 at various angles. Yes. That is, this electron deflector is an irradiation angle changing means that can change the irradiation angle of the electron beam irradiated by the electron beam irradiation means 5.

  Here, the electron beam irradiation apparatus can manage the atmosphere around the beverage container 30 in the chamber 1 to a predetermined negative pressure necessary for a predetermined processing process. This negative pressure state is a pressure value at which electrons can sufficiently reach the bottom of a long and thin container such as a PET bottle. Specifically, the electron generator 3 and the chamber 1 are separated from each other by an electron beam irradiation window 5, and the pressure can be managed individually. The pressure in the electron generator 3 is reduced to a high vacuum. When this state is the first negative pressure, the chamber 1 has a low vacuum whose absolute pressure is higher than the first negative pressure. The pressure is reduced, and each pressure is managed with this state as the second negative pressure.

  More specifically, as shown in the figure, the wall 1 of the chamber 1 is provided with a gas filling port 6 and a gas suction port 7. The gas suction port 7 is connected to the vacuum exhaust device 11 via a pipe. On the other hand, the gas filling port 6 operates the cylinder valve 41 with clean air or gas from the gas filling port 24 connected to a cylinder (not shown) in which a predetermined gas is stored into the chamber 1 through a pipe. By supplying by control, the pressure in the chamber 1 can be controlled. The pressure control value can be appropriately adjusted in accordance with the range determined by the required electron range, irradiation process, and the like. In the figure, reference numeral 25 is a leak port, 41 is a cylinder valve, 42 is a manual valve, 43 is a variable flow valve, 44 is a filter, and 45 is a vacuum gauge.

  As a result, in this electron beam irradiation apparatus, the inside of the chamber 1 is controlled to be negative pressure, and the air or gas inside the chamber 1 is sucked from the gas suction port 7 by the vacuum evacuation device 11 in the predetermined state. Is in a low vacuum state (in this example, 0.05 MPa to 0.1 Pa), and helium gas having a light specific gravity can be filled from the gas filling port 6 into the chamber 1 in place of air.

  This electron beam irradiation apparatus has an object carry-in port (not shown) provided on the wall surface of the chamber 1 so as to be opened and closed. And the target object conveying apparatus (not shown) which is a target object conveying means which carries in / out the drink container 30 in the chamber 1 from this target object carrying-in port is further provided. The object transport device includes a fixture 13 made of a wire such as a wire. The fixture 13 can be transported while locking the neck portion of the beverage container 30. Thereby, the beverage container 30 is carried into the chamber 1 from the object carry-in entrance while being locked to the fixture 13 of the object transport device, and is suspended in the chamber 1 by the fixture 13 as shown in FIG. In other words, it can be installed at a predetermined position in the chamber 1 in a floating state.

Next, the operation and effect of this electron beam irradiation apparatus will be described.
In this electron beam irradiation apparatus, first, the beverage container 30 is carried into the chamber 1 from the object carry-in entrance while being locked to the fixture 13 by the object carrying device, and is placed at a predetermined position in the chamber 1. Close the object carry-in entrance after installation. At this time, the beverage container 30 is suspended by the fixture 13 in the chamber 1 and is in a floating state.

Next, the air inside the chamber 1 is sucked from the gas suction port 7 by the vacuum exhaust device 11, and the inside of the chamber 1 is brought into a low vacuum state (in this example, 0.05 MPa to 0.1 Pa). Furthermore, helium gas having a light specific gravity can be sealed from the gas filling port 6 according to the irradiation process. Further, a rotating magnetic field is generated along the inner circumferential wall 18 of the chamber 1 so as to surround the beverage container 30 by a plurality of magnetic field generating coils 71 installed along the wall surface of the chamber 1 (in this example, the inner wall surface). .
Next, electrons are generated and accelerated by the electron generator 3, and a low energy electron beam EB enters the chamber 1 from the electron beam irradiation window 5 through the electron deflector.

  Thereby, according to this electron beam irradiation apparatus, the air inside the chamber 1 is sucked from the gas suction port 7 by the vacuum exhaust device 11, and the inside of the chamber 1 is in a low vacuum state (in this example, 0.05 MPa to 0.1 Pa). In other words, since the atmosphere around the beverage container 30 is set to a negative pressure, the irradiated electron beam EB is prevented from colliding with the atmospheric gas, and the electron beam EB is easily moved in the chamber 1. (Situation with less energy loss). Therefore, the energy loss of the electron beam EB in the gas (gas) inside the chamber 1 is further reduced, so that the chaotic motion of the electron beam EB is further accelerated. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently irradiate the beverage container 30 in the chamber 1 with the electron beam EB.

  Then, the electron beam EB can be randomly reflected in the rotating magnetic field by the plurality of magnetic field generating coils 71 formed in the space inside the chamber 1 to uniformly irradiate the beverage container 30 with the electron beam EB. . Further, the rotating magnetic field is formed so as to surround the beverage container 30 along the chamber inner peripheral wall 18. Therefore, the electron beam EB hardly collides with the structural part in the chamber 1. Therefore, the energy loss of the electron beam EB at the chamber inner peripheral wall 18 or the like can be further reduced.

  Further, in this electron beam irradiation apparatus, the electron beam EB enters the chamber 1 from the electron beam irradiation window 5 at various angles through the electron deflector. Therefore, the electron beam EB exiting the electron beam irradiation window 5 enters the chamber 1 more randomly. Therefore, random reflection by the rotating magnetic field in the chamber 1 can be more effectively induced, and the beverage container 30 in the chamber 1 can be uniformly irradiated with the electron beam EB without further unevenness.

  Further, in this electron beam irradiation apparatus, the electron can be similarly obtained by filling the chamber 1 with a helium gas having a light specific gravity instead of air from the gas filling port 6 or by blowing the helium gas in a normal pressure state. It is possible to make the line EB in a state in which it can be moved more easily in the chamber 1 (a state in which energy loss is small). For an object in which the smell or corrosion due to ozone generated by the electron beam EB hitting the remaining oxygen molecules is a problem, the above atmospheric gas in the chamber 1 is helium gas. A configuration is preferred.

  Further, in this electron beam irradiation apparatus, the plurality of magnetic field generating coils 71 are configured to generate a plurality of rotating magnetic fields (three stages in the above example) over a range surrounding the beverage container 30. As a result, a plurality of rotating magnetic fields are connected to each other, so that it is formed as a barrier that surrounds the entire beverage container 30. Therefore, by confining the electrons, energy consumption is suppressed more appropriately, and the beverage container 30. Can be irradiated more uniformly with the electron beam EB.

Further, the electron beam irradiation apparatus is configured to be able to generate the plurality of rotating magnetic fields separately for each of the plurality of magnetic field generating coils 71. Thereby, disorder of the electron reflection direction can be obtained more effectively. For this reason, the beverage container 30 can be more efficiently irradiated with an electron beam. And since the rotating magnetic field to generate | occur | produce individually is irradiated to the drink container 30 stepwise to the upper part, the center part, and the lower part, and the electron beam is irradiated, the drink container 30 whole is more uniformly irradiated. be able to.
In this electron beam irradiation apparatus, the reflection direction of the electron beam EB within the rotating magnetic field can be changed by changing the rotating direction of the rotating magnetic field generated for each of the plurality of magnetic field generating coils 71. Thereby, disorder of the electron reflection direction can be obtained more effectively. Therefore, the beverage container 30 can be irradiated with more efficient and uniform electron beams.

Next, an electron beam irradiation apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an electron beam irradiation apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, where FIG. 2A is a front view thereof, FIG. 2B is a plan view of a part thereof, Each of the electron beam irradiation tanks is shown in cross section. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the structure similar to said 1st embodiment, and the description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.
The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the magnetic field generator includes a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in an annular shape and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in an annular shape around its central axis. The first embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it has a magnetic field generator rotating means that is rotated at the same time.

  That is, this second embodiment is an example in which the magnetic field corresponding to the rotating magnetic field is formed by rotating the generated magnetic field itself around the object, and the magnetic field generator rotating means is used to The point which is comprised so that the magnetic field corresponding to the said rotating magnetic field may be produced | generated by rotating the some permanent magnet arrange | positioned cyclically | annularly differs from said 1st embodiment. Further, in the second embodiment, the magnetic field generating means is further provided with axial direction moving means for moving the magnetic field generator in the axial direction of the rotating magnetic field generated.

  Specifically, a pair of permanent magnets 73 are arranged on the outer periphery of the chamber 21 at positions facing each other in the radial direction. The pair of permanent magnets 73 are connected to each other on the outer side in the radial direction by yokes 74 so as to suppress magnetic field leakage. The permanent magnet 73 and the yoke 74 are mounted and fixed on a rotary table 70 that can rotate around the central axis of the chamber 21. The rotary table 70 has teeth similar to sprockets formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof. And since the outer peripheral surface of this rotary table 70 is connected with the pulley 76 via the timing belt 75, and the pulley 76 is connected with the output shaft of the motor 77, when the motor 77 is rotationally driven, the driving force Thus, the rotary table 70 rotates around the central axis of the chamber 21. As a result, the permanent magnet 73 and the yoke 74 on the turntable 70 rotate, and a rotating magnetic field can be generated along the wall surface in the chamber 21.

  Further, the entire structure for generating the rotating magnetic field is supported on the wall surface via a slide moving device 90 including a linear guide and the like arranged so as to be movable in the axial direction of the chamber 21 as shown in FIG. A cylinder 78 having a shaft portion that is movable in the axial direction of the chamber 21 is disposed on the lower end side of the motor 77 in FIG. The lower end portion of the motor 77 is connected to the shaft portion of the cylinder 78. Thus, the entire structure for generating the rotating magnetic field can be moved in the axial direction of the chamber 21 by reciprocating the cylinder 78.

Furthermore, in this electron beam irradiation apparatus, as a means for forming a magnetic field corresponding to the rotating magnetic field, a mechanism for reciprocating driving and rotating driving is further provided at the bottom of the chamber 21 as shown in FIG. Is different.
That is, in the present embodiment, the beverage container 30 is also configured to rotate and move up and down, thereby further having another set of configurations that can substantially form a rotating magnetic field. That is, this configuration makes it possible to form a relatively rotating magnetic field by rotating the target object within a magnetic field surrounding the target object.

  Specifically, as shown in the figure, the beverage container 30 is installed on a mounting tray 91 on which the beverage container 30 is mounted. This mounting tray 91 is a so-called turntable. Specifically, the bottom side of the mounting tray 91 is connected to one end of the connecting shaft 92. The connecting shaft 92 is supported by a bearing 93 having a hermetic seal so that the connecting shaft 92 can be slid up and down. Further, the connecting shaft 92 extends downward and extends outside the chamber 21. Yes. The protruding end portion is attached to the shaft portion of the cylinder 79 via a coupling. Although not shown in the figure, the connecting shaft 92 also has a rotating mechanism connected to the output shaft of the motor via a timing belt, similarly to the reference numerals 75, 76, 77. It is configured to be rotatable about its axis.

  Thereby, the mounting plate 91 slides in a state where the beverage container 30 is placed in the axial direction of the chamber 21 by reciprocating the cylinder 79, and further, the connecting shaft 92 is driven by a rotation mechanism including a motor (not shown). Rotate around. Therefore, a rotating magnetic field is formed in the chamber 21 by rotating the object within the magnetic field surrounding the object and relatively rotating the magnetic field. That is, according to the electron beam irradiation apparatus having such a configuration, the height in the vertical direction is adjusted while rotating the placing plate 91 in a state where the beverage container 30 is placed in the chamber 21, and the rotation is performed. A magnetic field can be formed. Therefore, in particular, the electron beam EB that has entered the chamber 21 from the central electron beam irradiation window 5 in the same figure is randomly reflected in the reflection distance and reflection direction of the electron beam EB, as in the first embodiment. Therefore, the beverage container 30 can be uniformly irradiated with the electron beam EB without unevenness.

  Even when the permanent magnet 73 and the yoke 74 are not moved, the position of the beverage container 30 in the axial direction is moved up and down by a reciprocating drive and rotation drive mechanism attached to the bottom side of the beverage container 30. Further, by changing the direction in the circumferential direction by rotation, a relatively rotating magnetic field is formed, so that substantially the same effect as the rotating magnetic field in the first embodiment can be obtained. Therefore, the rotating magnetic field can cause the electron EB that has entered the chamber 21 to move randomly, and the beverage container 30 can be uniformly irradiated with the electron beam EB.

And if the rotating magnetic field which concerns on this invention can be formed substantially, the structure illustrated above can be made into an appropriate combination. For example, the permanent magnet 73 and the yoke 74 can be moved up and down without moving the permanent magnet 73 and the yoke 74, and the permanent magnet 73 and the yoke 74 can be moved without moving the beverage container 30. It can be set as the structure moved up and down, rotating. Alternatively, the permanent magnet 73 and the yoke 74 can be moved up and down to rotate the beverage container 30, and the permanent magnet 73 and the yoke 74 can be rotated to move the beverage container 30 up and down. It is good.
In addition, when the configuration of the second embodiment is applied to a continuous line, various permanent magnets are arranged to rotate the object so as to be positioned beside the object such as the beverage container 30. However, it is possible to adopt an appropriate configuration depending on the irradiation process, such as passing through the electron beam irradiation region.

Next, an electron beam irradiation apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the electron beam irradiation apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention in a plan view, and shows a chamber 31 which is an electron beam irradiation tank in cross section. In addition, about the structure similar to said each embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.
This third embodiment includes a magnetic field generating means in a chamber 31 surrounding an electron beam irradiation region, and particularly has a device structure suitable for irradiating a beverage container 30 with an electron beam in a batch type production line. This is an example.

  This electron beam irradiation apparatus includes a chamber 31 as shown in FIG. The chamber 31 has an electron beam irradiation region that is substantially circular in plan view in the center of the line flow direction. And the box-shaped conveyance path which the inside communicates and extends is formed on both sides in the flow direction of the line across the circular portion. The chamber 31 is a sealed container having a pressure-resistant structure, as in the above embodiments. The wall 31 of the chamber 31 is provided with a gas filling port 6 and a gas suction port 7 and is piped in the same manner as described above. . That is, the gas suction port 7 is connected to the vacuum exhaust device 11 via the pipe. In addition, the gas filling port 6 can control the pressure in the chamber 31 by supplying clean air, gas, or the like from the gas filling port 24 into the chamber 31 through the piping by controlling the operation of the cylinder valve 41. Yes. Thereby, this electron beam irradiation apparatus can manage the atmosphere around the beverage container 30 in the chamber 21 to a predetermined negative pressure state.

Further, an electron generator 3 that can irradiate the electron beam EB in a large area in the chamber 31 is provided at the upper portion of the substantially central portion of the chamber 31 that is circular in plan view. In addition, a magnetic field generating means is provided around the center of the chamber 31 at a position corresponding to the electron beam irradiation region below the electron beam irradiation window of the electron beam irradiation means. The chamber 31 is configured to enclose as much of the beverage container 30 as possible.
Here, in this magnetic field generating means, a plurality of electromagnets 83 are arranged as a magnetic field generator. Specifically, the electromagnets 83 are disposed at six locations at approximately equal intervals in the circumferential direction along the circumference of the circular chamber 31.

  Each of the electromagnets 83 disposed at the six locations has adjacent iron cores connected to each other by a connecting member 94, and the magnetic field generating coil 71 of each electromagnet 83 is connected to the three-phase inverter 81 so as to be excited. Has been. In FIG. 3, the connecting member 94 is shown only for the portions of the three electromagnets 83 at the back side in the drawing, and the connection between the magnetic field generating coil 71 and the three-phase inverter 81 is the same. Only the magnetic field generating coils 71 of the three electromagnets 83 at the front side in the drawing are shown. In the figure, reference numeral 82 denotes a capacitor, and reference numeral 80 denotes a converter. With such a configuration, the magnetic field generating means can generate a rotating magnetic field by exciting six electromagnets 83 with a three-phase inverter 81. Therefore, by forming a magnetic field surrounding the beverage container 30 around the electron beam irradiation region, it is possible to form a barrier by a magnetic field that rotates at high speed, and to form a magnetic field corresponding to the rotating magnetic field. .

  In this example, the three-phase inverter 81 can change the strength of the magnetic field by changing the effective value of the output current (or output voltage), and can change the rotation speed of the magnetic field by changing the output frequency. It is possible. In addition, as a connection structure of said magnetic field generation coil 71 and the three-phase inverter 81, it exists in the position which faced through the circular part of the chamber 31, among the magnetic field generation coils 71 of each electromagnet 83 of six places, for example. Each phase of the output of the three-phase inverter 81 can be connected to each pair of magnetic field generating coils 71. Further, in this example, as the magnetic pole configuration in the magnetic field generator, a 6-pole configuration in which the electromagnets 83 are arranged at 6 locations along the circumference of the circular portion of the chamber 31 is shown. It is not limited. In this example, the configuration in which the electromagnet in the magnetic field generator is excited with three-phase AC is shown. However, the configuration of the excitation AC power supply is not limited to three-phase AC, but is more than three-phase AC It is good also as a structure using.

  Further, the electron beam irradiation apparatus carries the beverage container 30 into the chamber 31 from the object carry-in port (right side shield door 27) and drinks from the object carry-out port (left side shield door 27). An object transfer device 28 that is an object transfer means for carrying out the container 30 is provided. The object transport device 28 includes a drive mechanism (not shown) and the fixture 13 similar to the above. Thus, the object transport device 28 operates a drive mechanism (not shown), thereby transporting the beverage container 30 while locking the neck portion of the beverage container 30 with the fixture 13, and the left and right shielding doors 27 serving as the object loading / unloading ports. It is possible to carry in and out. At this time, the beverage container 30 is suspended in the chamber 31 by the fixture 13 as in the first embodiment, so that it can be installed at a predetermined position in the chamber 31 in a floating state. Yes. The object loading / unloading portion is provided with a retraction mechanism (not shown) capable of retreating them in a non-interference area so that the fixture 13 and the beverage container 30 do not interfere with the doors when the shielding doors 27 are opened and closed. Yes.

  According to the electron beam irradiation apparatus having such a configuration, first, each beverage container on the line that is locked to the fixture 13 in a state where each shielding door 27 of the object carry-in / out port of the chamber 31 is opened. 30 is moved by a predetermined amount in the flow direction by the object conveying device 28. Next, each shielding door 27 at the object entry / exit is closed. Then, as in the above embodiments, the inside of the chamber 31 is brought into a low vacuum state. In addition, when irradiating an electron beam EB to an object that causes problems such as odor or corrosion due to ozone generated when the electron beam EB hits the remaining oxygen molecules, helium having a light specific gravity is used as necessary. Fill with gas instead of air. Next, the electron beam EB is irradiated onto the electron beam irradiation region in the chamber 31 from the electron beam irradiation window. Thereby, the electron beam EB is irradiated to the beverage container 30 in the electron beam irradiation region. At this time, the electron beam EB irradiated to the electron beam irradiation region from the electron beam irradiation window is rotated by the magnetic field formed by the electromagnets 83 in the chamber 31, and the electron beam EB is rotated as in the above embodiments. The inside of the rotating magnetic field can be brought into an electronic shower state by reflecting the inside randomly. Therefore, it is possible to uniformly irradiate each beverage container 30 in the electron beam irradiation region with the electron beam EB without any unevenness. Next, after irradiating the electron beam EB for a predetermined time, the inside of the chamber 31 is returned to atmospheric pressure, and then each shielding door 27 at the object loading / unloading port of the chamber 31 is opened.

By repeating the above steps, the beverage containers 30 on the line sequentially carried in from the object carry-in port of the chamber 31 pass through the electron beam irradiation region that has been brought into the electronic shower state by the rotating magnetic field, and enter each beverage container 30. After uniformly irradiating the electron beam EB, it can be sequentially carried out from the object carry-out port of the chamber 31.
In particular, as shown in the figure, this electron beam irradiation apparatus divides a plurality of electromagnets 83 around the electron beam irradiation region into two so as to be divided into upper and lower parts while allowing the beverage container 30 to pass between them, A magnetic field surrounding the container 30 can be formed. Therefore, this 3rd embodiment is suitable when forming a rotating magnetic field with a batch type or a line which conveys the beverage container 30 continuously.

  In other words, the magnetic field generating means around the chamber 31 are arranged so as to be divided in half from the center of the chamber, and are configured so as to be opposed to each other on both sides in the flow direction. Then, each half of the electromagnet 83 has its half-divided opening directed in the flow direction of the beverage container 30, and each serving as an entrance / exit that allows the beverage container 30 to enter and exit the electron beam irradiation area. Has been placed. As a result, the electron beam irradiation device allows the beverage container 30 to pass through the electron beam irradiation region, and the electron beam EB in the electron beam irradiation region is transferred from the rotating magnetic field inside the electron beam irradiation region to the outside. It is possible to make it so that it can hardly come out.

Further, as shown in the figure, the chamber 31 is provided with shielding doors 27 that can be opened and closed at a desired timing on the entry side and the exit side in the flow direction of the production line of the beverage containers 30.
Moreover, according to this electron beam irradiation apparatus, the chamber 31 is comprised so that only the vicinity of the beverage container 30 may be enclosed. Thereby, the area | region which manages the X-ray shielding and the atmosphere around the drink container 30 in a predetermined state can be minimized.
Moreover, according to this electron beam irradiation apparatus, the object carry-in / out port is provided in the chamber 31, and the shielding door 27 is provided in each. This makes it easier to maintain the atmosphere around the object in a predetermined state, such as a low vacuum or a specific gas atmosphere in the chamber 31.

Next, another example of configuring a batch type or a continuous line for transporting the beverage containers 30 will be described using the electron beam irradiation apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention as an example.
FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an electron beam irradiation apparatus according to the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 4A is a diagram showing an upper half of the electron beam irradiation apparatus viewed from a plane direction. (B) is a development view in the feed direction of the object, and (c) is an enlarged view of the rotating magnetic field generator and the cam mechanism part that moves the object up and down. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the structure similar to embodiment described above, and the description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.
As shown in the figure, in this processing tank 60, an internal space serving as an electron beam irradiation region is formed in an annular shape, and a magnetic field is formed along the shape of the annular shape in the electron beam irradiation region. A plurality of transfer mechanisms 100 in which the generating coil 71 and the object receiving base 84 are integrated are provided.

  A rotating device (not shown) is provided at the center portion of the annular processing tank 60. This rotating device has the same configuration as the turntable in the above-described embodiment, and is rotatable around the central axis of the processing tank 60 at a predetermined angular velocity. Around the rotating device, the plurality of transport mechanisms 100 are provided at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Further, in each transport mechanism 100, the magnetic field generating coil 71 and the object receiving base 84 are connected to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating device by the support arms 95, respectively. Here, the connecting portion is connected via a slide guide device that is slidable in the vertical direction. As a result, the movement in the circumferential direction is restricted, and the movement in the vertical direction is possible. Then, the entire plurality of transport mechanisms 100 rotate along the annular processing tank 60.

  Further, as shown in a development view in FIG. 5B, the magnetic field generating coil 71 and the object receiving base 84 are respectively connected to the cam mechanism 86 and are independently raised in the electron beam irradiation region. And it descend | falls and it is comprised so that the whole drink container 30 which is a target object may be moved over the whole container along the longitudinal direction of a container. Specifically, cam followers 98 and 99 for moving along the cam surfaces 96 and 97 are provided at the bottoms of the respective transport mechanisms 100 corresponding to the magnetic field generating coils 71 and the object receiving bases 84, respectively. The cam followers 98 and 99 are connected to the magnetic field generating coil 71 and the object receiving base 84 through connecting rods. The cam followers 98 and 99 of the respective transport mechanisms 100 are movable along a predetermined lift in the vertical direction by moving along the cam surfaces 96 and 97 of the cam mechanism 86 provided in the lower part thereof. ing. The cam surface 96 is a cam surface for a magnetic field generating coil, and the cam surface 97 is a cam surface for an object receiving base.

According to the fourth embodiment having the above-described configuration, it is suitable for a case where a rotating magnetic field is formed by a batch type or a line for continuously conveying the beverage container 30.
Here, in the same figure, although the magnetic field generating coil 71 and the drink container 30 have shown the example of a structure which moves to an up-down direction, you may comprise so that either one may be moved up and down. Moreover, although the example which employ | adopted the magnetic field generation coil 71 as a magnetic field generation part is demonstrated in the same figure, you may comprise a magnetic field generation part with a permanent magnet. These can be appropriately selected according to the irradiation process of the electron beam. Further, an adsorption pad, an air clamp or the like for holding the beverage container 30 can be provided on the upper surface of the object cradle 84.

As described above, according to the electron beam irradiation method and the electron beam irradiation apparatus according to the present invention, even with a low energy electron beam EB, the electron beam EB is uniformly applied to the beverage container 30 as the object. Can be irradiated.
The electron beam irradiation method and the electron beam irradiation apparatus according to the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  For example, in each of the above embodiments, the beverage container 30 has been described as an example of the object, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, as the object, food and drink, water, pharmaceuticals, Chinese medicine, cosmetics, feed, fertilizer, Or it can apply even if it is the packaging material etc. which are used for these. That is, the present invention can be used as appropriate according to the type and shape of the object from a three-dimensional object having a complicated shape to a flat film, for example, a paper sheet before being assembled as a paper container for milk beverages or the like. The present invention can also be applied to applications such as sterilizing an electron beam by irradiating it. And according to this invention, when irradiating an electron beam to the above sheet-like members, by passing the sheet-like member through the rotating magnetic field, the both sides and edges of the sheet are generated by the electronic shower generated in the rotating magnetic field. It becomes possible to irradiate an electron beam uniformly and efficiently to a part.

Moreover, in each said embodiment, although the use which disinfects a target object was demonstrated to the example, it is not limited to this, Even if it is uses other than disinfection, it is applicable.
In each of the above embodiments, the electron beam irradiation tank has been described as an example of a chamber that is a sealed container having a pressure-resistant structure capable of managing the atmosphere around the target object in a predetermined state. The line irradiation tank may be configured as an open type. However, in order to further reduce the energy loss of the electron beam, as in the above-described embodiment, an irradiation tank (chamber) that can manage the atmosphere around the object to a predetermined state is used, and the inside of the processing tank is set to a negative pressure. At the same time, it is preferable that a rotating magnetic field is formed by a magnetic field generated so as to surround the object, and an electron beam applied to the object is reflected in the rotating magnetic field.

Moreover, in each said embodiment, although the magnetic field generator demonstrated in the example comprised with the permanent magnet, the electromagnet, and the circular coil, respectively, it is not limited to this, A magnetic field generator is an electromagnet, a circular coil, for example Or you may be comprised by these combinations including a permanent magnet.
In each of the above embodiments, the example has been described in which the outer shape of the chamber is determined in advance according to the type of the object. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the inner shape of the chamber depends on the shape of the object. It can be set as the structure which has the internal shape variable structure which can be changed. As an example of such an internal shape variable structure, it is set as the combined structure which can slide the partition which comprises an external shape. With such a configuration, the inner shape of the chamber can be appropriately changed according to the shape of the object. Therefore, it becomes possible to irradiate the target object with more efficient and uniform electron beam.

  In the above embodiment, as a specific example of the atmosphere management in the chamber, the air inside the chamber 1 is sucked from the gas suction port 7 and the inside of the chamber 1 is in a negative pressure state (in this example, 0.05 MPa to 0.1 Pa). ), And for objects that cause problems such as odor or corrosion due to ozone generated when the electron beam EB hits the remaining oxygen molecules, the specific gravity can be changed to air as necessary. Although an example in which light helium gas is sealed has been described, the configuration of atmosphere management in the chamber in the present invention is not limited to this. That is, when making the inside of the chamber 1 into a negative pressure state, it is not limited to the low vacuum state of, for example, about 0.05 MPa to 0.1 Pa as described above, and may be a high vacuum state with a higher degree of vacuum. As the degree of vacuum is higher, the energy loss of electrons can be further reduced. The atmosphere in the chamber may be one or more selected from air, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, and helium. Depending on the type of object and the purpose of irradiation, The atmosphere around the object can be managed in a predetermined state by appropriately selecting the atmosphere gas. In order to reduce energy loss due to atmospheric pressure, helium having a small specific gravity can be used more suitably than a gas having a large specific gravity such as air. If a gas such as helium having a small specific gravity is used as the atmospheric gas, the energy loss of electrons is further reduced even in an atmospheric pressure atmosphere as compared with the case where the atmospheric gas is a gas having a large specific gravity such as air. be able to. Even in a positive pressure atmosphere, although depending on the pressure level, the use of a gas such as helium having a small specific gravity as the atmosphere gas can sufficiently reduce the energy loss of electrons.

Moreover, although the said embodiment demonstrated the example made into the apparatus structure suitable for irradiating the electron beam to the beverage container 30 with a batch type production line, it is not limited to this, For example, it is object with a continuous type production line The present invention may be applied when an object is irradiated with an electron beam.
In addition, it is needless to say that the above embodiments can be combined with each other by appropriately selecting the respective configurations.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows the electron beam irradiation apparatus which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the electron beam irradiation apparatus which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the electron beam irradiation apparatus which concerns on 3rd embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the electron beam irradiation apparatus which concerns on 4th embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1, 21, 31, 60 Chamber (irradiation tank)
2 Shielding material 3 Electron generator (electron beam irradiation means)
4, 19, 23 Permanent magnet (magnetic field generator)
5 Electron Beam Irradiation Window 6 Gas Filling Port 7 Gas Suction Port 10 Electronic Deflector (Irradiation Angle Changing Means)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Vacuum exhaust device 13 Fixing tool 14 Turntable 15 Support shaft 18 Chamber inner peripheral wall 22 Magnet support member 26 Object rotation mechanism 27 Shielding door 28 Object conveyance apparatus (object conveyance means)
30 Beverage containers (objects)
41 Cylinder Valve 70 Rotary Table 71 Magnetic Field Generating Coil 72 AC Power Supply 73 Permanent Magnet 74 Yoke 75 Timing Belt 76 Pulley 77 Motor 78 Cylinder 81 Three-Phase Inverter 83 Electromagnet 90 Slide Moving Device 91 Mounting Plate 92 Connecting Shaft 93 Bearing 94 Connecting Member 95 Support arm 96 Cam surface (for magnetic field generating coil) 97 Cam surface (for object receiving base) 98 Cam follower (for magnetic field generating coil) 99 Cam follower (for object receiving base) 100 Conveying mechanism EB Electron beam MF Rotating magnetic field

Claims (15)

  An electron beam irradiation method comprising: generating a rotating magnetic field in an electron beam irradiation region, and irradiating an object with an electron beam in the rotating magnetic field.   An irradiation tank that houses an object to create an electron beam irradiation region, an electron beam irradiation means that irradiates the electron beam in the irradiation tank, and a rotating magnetic field that surrounds the object in the irradiation tank is generated. An electron beam irradiating apparatus comprising:   The electron beam irradiation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the magnetic field generation unit is configured to generate a plurality of rotating magnetic fields over a range surrounding the object.   The electron beam irradiation apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the magnetic field generation unit is capable of generating the plurality of rotating magnetic fields separately.   The magnetic field generating means can change the reflection direction of the electron beam in the rotating magnetic field by changing the rotating direction of the rotating magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating means. The electron beam irradiation apparatus according to claim 1.   The said magnetic field generation | occurrence | production means has a some magnetic field generator which is arrange | positioned so that the target object in the said irradiation tank may be surrounded, and each may generate | occur | produce a magnetic field, It is any one of Claims 2-5 characterized by the above-mentioned. Electron beam irradiation device.   The plurality of magnetic field generators are respectively constituted by annular magnetic field generating coils, and the rotating magnetic field is generated by energizing the magnetic field generating coils. The electron beam irradiation apparatus described in 1.   The electron beam irradiation apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the magnetic field generating coil is configured to change an intensity of a rotating magnetic field generated by changing an AC voltage applied thereto.   The magnetic field generator includes a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in an annular shape, and a magnetic field generator rotating means for rotating the plurality of permanent magnets arranged in an annular shape around a central axis thereof, and the rotation The electron beam irradiation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the magnetic field is generated by rotating the plurality of permanent magnets arranged in an annular shape by the magnetic field generator rotating means.   The magnetic field generator has a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in an annular shape, and an object rotating means for rotating the object around a central axis of the plurality of permanent magnets arranged in an annular shape, The rotating magnetic field is generated as a magnetic field that rotates relative to the object by rotating the object inside the plurality of permanent magnets arranged in an annular shape by the object rotating means. The electron beam irradiation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein   The said magnetic field generation means is further provided with the axial direction movement means to which the said magnetic field generator and the said object are moved in the axial direction of the rotating magnetic field which generate | occur | produces, The any one of Claims 6-10 characterized by the above-mentioned. The electron beam irradiation apparatus according to one item. In addition to containing the object inside, further comprising an irradiation tank for managing the atmosphere around the object in a vacuum state or a state filled with atmospheric gas from negative pressure to positive pressure,
The electron beam according to any one of claims 2 to 11, wherein the atmospheric gas is one or more selected from air, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, and helium. Irradiation device.   The electron beam irradiation apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 12, wherein the electron beam irradiation unit includes an irradiation angle changing unit capable of changing an irradiation angle of the electron beam to be irradiated.   The electron beam irradiation apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 13, further comprising an object transfer means for transferring the object so as to pass through the electron beam irradiation region.   The electron beam according to any one of claims 2 to 14, wherein the object is a container or a sheet-like member, and the container or the sheet-like member is used for sterilization by irradiating the electron beam. Irradiation device.

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