JP2007098529A - Spindle moving type lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spindle moving type lathe in which a workpiece placing table enters and leaves the inside and outside of a machining area to deliver a workpiece between the workpiece-placing table and a spindle chuck, capable of quickly starting to machine a workpiece by the spindle chuck and a tool after completion of delivering the workpiece. <P>SOLUTION: This spindle moving type lathe includes: the spindle chuck 6 supporting the workpiece W faced down; a tool support means for cutting the workpiece W supported on the spindle chuck 6; and a spindle moving means for moving the spindle chuck 6 vertically and laterally. A machine body cover 3 has a partially opened opening part 60, and the workpiece-placing table 25 is provided to freely switch the position between the inside of the machining area R and the outside of the machining area R through the opening part 60. An opening and closing cover 61, which opens and closes in the vertical direction is provided to open when the workpiece-placing table 25 is located in the machining area R, and close the opening part 60 when it is outside of the machining area R. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a spindle moving type lathe that moves a spindle and carries a workpiece, and more particularly to a structure for carrying in and carrying out a material and a finished product.

Conventionally, there is a vertical spindle moving lathe in which a spindle chuck faces downward and conveys a workpiece (Patent Document 1). This type of spindle movement type lathe is also called a spindle pick-up lathe, and there is an advantage that a loader for carrying a workpiece to the spindle position becomes unnecessary and the configuration can be simplified.
JP-A-11-320314

In Patent Document 1, since the spindle moves beyond the moving area necessary for machining to above the work table, the moving area of the spindle needs to be expanded, and the width dimension of the lathe increases. Further, since the position of the workpiece placing table is far from the machining position, the distance that the spindle that grips the workpiece returns from the upper side of the workpiece placing table to the machining position is long, and the cycle time of the workpiece machining becomes long depending on the movement time.
Further, in the case of Patent Document 1, since there is only one work table, the main shaft discharges the finished product to the work table, and then the material is carried into the work table, and the main shaft holds the material. A series of operations are required, and the replacement time between the material and the finished product for the work table is added to the cycle time. This also increases the workpiece machining cycle time.

  In view of this, it has been proposed to shorten the cycle time of workpiece machining by providing a workpiece carry-in device and a workpiece carry-out device at different locations in the movement area of the spindle (Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-296066). In this spindle pick-up lathe, as shown in FIG. 11, the workpiece loading device 101 and the workpiece unloading device 102 are each a workpiece mounting table 103 and a mounting table position switching mechanism 104 that switches the workpiece mounting table 103 into and out of the machining region R. The workpiece chuck W is picked up from the workpiece carry-in device 101 located in the machining region R by the spindle chuck 105 moving up and down and left and right, and subjected to cutting by the turret and located in the machining region R. The finished product work W is delivered to the work carry-out device 102. An opening / closing lid 107 is provided at the opening of the machine body cover 106 that serves as a passage when the workpiece mounting table 103 enters and exits the machining area R, and is linked to the inside / outside switching operation of the machining area of the workpiece mounting table 103. The opening / closing lid 107 opens and closes. When the workpiece carry-in device 101 and the workpiece carry-out device 102 are positioned outside the processing region R, the workpiece W is set or removed by an operator or the like.

With the above configuration, since the work is carried in and out by moving the work mounting table 103 into and out of the processing region R and moving the main spindle chuck 105, the movement of the main spindle chuck 105 when the work is carried in and out. The distance is short and the time required for loading and unloading the workpiece is shortened.
However, in the case of the above spindle pick-up lathe, the workpiece loading device 101 and the workpiece unloading device 102 are configured such that the opening / closing lid 107 is rotated along with the rotation of the workpiece mounting table 103, so that the workpiece mounting table 103 is in the machining region R. When the opening / closing lid 107 is positioned in the vicinity thereof, there is a restriction on the workpiece transfer between the workpiece mounting table 103 and the spindle chuck 105, and the opening / closing lid 107 becomes an obstacle to start the operation of the spindle chuck 105 for machining. There was a problem of slowing down.
For example, until the opening / closing lid 107 is fully opened and the workpiece mounting table 103 moves to the workpiece transfer position to the spindle chuck 105, the spindle chuck 105 waits at the origin position that is the center of the left and right width of the machine body, After the mounting table 103 arrives at the workpiece transfer position, it must be controlled to start the movement of the spindle chuck 105, and the movement of the spindle chuck 105 and the movement of the workpiece mounting table 103 cannot be performed in parallel. It was.

A first object of the present invention is to provide a spindle moving type lathe in which a workpiece placing table moves in and out of a machining area and transfers workpieces between the workpiece placing table and the spindle chuck. A member that opens and closes an opening serving as a passage when entering and exiting the inside and outside is quickly closed after completion of the delivery of the workpiece so that workpiece machining by the spindle chuck and the tool can be started quickly.
A second object of the present invention is to eliminate the need for a drive source for driving the opening / closing operation of a member for opening / closing the opening, and to simplify the configuration of the entire lathe.
A third object of the present invention is to provide an optimum form for achieving the first and second objects with respect to a member for opening and closing the opening.

  A spindle moving lathe according to the present invention includes a spindle chuck for supporting a workpiece downward, tool support means for cutting the workpiece supported by the spindle chuck, and spindle moving means for moving the spindle chuck vertically and horizontally. And forming a machining area covering at least the spindle chuck and the tool supporting means, and a machine body cover having a partially opened opening, a lateral movement area of the spindle chuck in the machining area, and outside the machining area And a workpiece mounting table whose position can be freely switched via the opening, and when the workpiece mounting table is located in the machining area, it opens and closes in the vertical direction to close the opening when it is outside the machining area. The spindle chuck is configured to transfer workpieces to a workpiece mounting table located in a machining area by the vertical and horizontal movements.

  According to this configuration, the position of the workpiece mounting table is switched between the lateral movement area of the spindle chuck in the machining area and the outside of the machining area through an opening partly opened in the machine body cover, and the opening / closing cover is It opens when the workpiece mounting table is located in the machining area, and opens and closes in the vertical direction to close the opening when the workpiece mounting table is outside the machining area. Since the opening / closing cover opens and closes in the vertical direction, the position of the opening / closing cover when the opening is open can be set to a different height compared to the workpiece mounting table and the spindle chuck. There are few restrictions on delivery of workpieces. Therefore, the movement of the spindle chuck to pick up the workpiece on the workpiece mounting table and the operation of the workpiece mounting table can be performed in parallel. In addition, since the open / close cover does not interfere with the spindle chuck, the spindle chuck can quickly start an operation for machining after the workpiece has been delivered. Therefore, the cycle time required for machining per workpiece is shortened, and machining efficiency is improved.

A mounting table / opening / closing cover interlocking mechanism for opening / closing the opening / closing cover in conjunction with the position switching of the workpiece mounting table may be provided.
When the opening / closing cover is opened / closed in conjunction with the position switching of the workpiece mounting table, a drive source for driving the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing cover becomes unnecessary, and the configuration of the entire lathe can be simplified.

Further, the opening / closing cover is attached to the body cover so as to be rotatable up and down around a rotation center along the front-rear direction at a lower end between a standing position that closes the opening and a fall position positioned in the processing region. It is good to support.
When the opening / closing cover is supported at the lower end so as to be pivotable up and down around the center of rotation along the front-rear direction, the opening / closing cover is placed below the work table and spindle chuck in the machining area when the opening is open. Therefore, it is possible to further reduce the restriction on the workpiece transfer between the workpiece mounting table and the spindle chuck. Further, when the mounting table / opening / closing cover interlocking mechanism is provided, it is easy to provide the mounting table / opening / closing cover interlocking mechanism without interfering with the work mounting base.

A spindle moving lathe according to the present invention includes a spindle chuck for supporting a workpiece downward, tool support means for cutting the workpiece supported by the spindle chuck, and spindle moving means for moving the spindle chuck vertically and horizontally. And forming a machining area covering at least the spindle chuck and the tool supporting means, and a machine body cover having a partially opened opening, a lateral movement area of the spindle chuck in the machining area, and outside the machining area And a workpiece mounting table whose position can be freely switched via the opening, and when the workpiece mounting table is located in the machining area, it opens and closes in the vertical direction to close the opening when it is outside the machining area. The spindle chuck picks up a workpiece from a workpiece mounting table of the workpiece loading device by moving up, down, left and right, and the tool support means Since the workpiece is transferred to the workpiece mounting table of the workpiece unloading device, the opening / closing cover has few restrictions on the workpiece transfer between the workpiece mounting table and the spindle chuck, and after the workpiece has been transferred, The chuck can quickly start the operation for machining.
When a mounting table / opening / closing cover interlocking mechanism that opens and closes the opening / closing cover in conjunction with the position switching of the workpiece mounting table is provided, a drive source for driving the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing cover is unnecessary, and the entire lathe is configured. It can be simplified.
Further, the opening / closing cover is attached to the body cover so as to be rotatable up and down around a rotation center along the front-rear direction at a lower end between a standing position that closes the opening and a fall position positioned in the processing region. When supported, it is possible to further reduce the restrictions on the workpiece transfer between the workpiece mounting table and the spindle chuck, and it is easy to provide the mounting table / opening / closing cover interlocking mechanism without interfering with the workpiece mounting table.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The machine tool of this embodiment is a machine tool with a control panel and an operation panel, and is a vertical spindle moving lathe that serves as a spindle pick-up lathe. In FIG. 1, a lathe 1 as a machine tool includes a machine tool body 2 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped machine body cover 3 whose front portion is a vertically long rectangle, and a control installed on the back surface of the machine tool body 2. The panel 4 and the operation panel 5 installed in the front part are provided.

As shown in FIG. 2, the machine tool body 2 includes a spindle chuck 6 that supports the workpiece W downward, and a tool support that performs cutting on the workpiece W that is provided in the machining region R and supported by the spindle chuck 6. Means 7, spindle moving means 8 for moving the spindle chuck 6 up and down, left and right, workpiece loading device 11 and workpiece unloading device 12 provided at different positions in the laterally movable region of the spindle chuck 6; Is provided.
This machine tool main body 2 performs cutting such as turning by moving the spindle chuck 6 vertically and horizontally with respect to the tool of the fixed tool support means 7. For this reason, the spindle moving means 8 and its wiring, piping system, etc. constitute the processing equipment 10 arranged in the processing equipment installation area S partitioned from the processing area R.

  The main shaft moving means 8 is a main shaft that can be moved up and down via a left and right moving table 14 that can move left and right on a guide 13 that extends in the left and right directions on the bed 9 and a guide 15 that extends in the vertical direction on the left and right moving table 14. A stand 16 is provided. The spindle chuck 6 is provided at the tip of the spindle 17 supported by the spindle stock 16. The spindle chuck 6 is configured to grip the workpiece W with a plurality of chuck claws 6a.

  Specifically, the headstock 16 is mounted on a lifting platform 18 that is installed on the left and right moving platform 14 through the guide 15 so as to be movable up and down. The spindle motor 19 installed on the lifting platform 18 rotates the spindle 17. Driving is performed. The headstock 16 is moved up and down by a drive source 20 for raising and lowering such as a motor installed on the left and right movable table 14, and a rotation / straight-forward conversion mechanism such as a ball screw for converting the rotation of the drive source 20 for raising and lowering into a vertical motion (see FIG. Not shown). The left / right movement of the left / right moving table 14 is performed by a left / right moving drive source 21 installed on the bed 9 and a rotation / straight-forward conversion mechanism (not shown) such as a screw for converting the rotation of the left / right moving drive source 21 into a left / right operation. ) And done.

  The tool support means 7 is a means for supporting a tool 22 such as a cutting tool or a rotary tool for cutting, and is provided with two types: a turret tool post 7A and a comb-type fixed tool post 7B. . The turret tool post 7A is installed on the side wall portion in the processing region R in front of the bed 9 so as to be turnable about a horizontal axis extending in the left-right direction. The turret tool post 7A is capable of turning operation for indexing a tool attached to the peripheral surface, but has no moving function. The fixed tool post 7B is fixedly installed on the front surface of the bed 9 in the processing region R.

  The processing area R in the machine body cover 3 is partitioned from the processing equipment installation area S by a slide cover 70 (FIG. 1). The machining area R is a space in which the spindle chuck 6 and the tool support means 7 are located and performs machining of the workpiece W. The machining equipment installation area S is a space in which the machining equipment 10 such as the spindle moving means 8 is installed. It is.

  In FIG. 1, the machine body cover 3 has a back surface opening 71 on the back surface that allows an operator to enter the machine body cover 3 for maintenance of the processing equipment 10, and the control panel 4 covers the back surface opening 71. is doing. The control panel 4 is supported by upper and lower support members 72 and 73 extending rearward from the machine body cover 3 so as to be capable of opening and closing about the vertical axis O1. The control panel 4 is provided in the upper part of the machine body cover 3, and a chip conveyor 74 is disposed below the control panel 4 so as to be retractable rearward.

  An opening / closing cover portion 75 for allowing an operator to enter the machine is provided at the center in the width direction of the front portion of the machine body cover 3, and the operation panel 5 is located above and below the opening / closing cover portion 75. The operator can switch the position between the retracted position and the retracted position. The operator puts the upper body into the machine via the opening / closing cover 75 and performs maintenance work (setup of the chuck and tools) in the machine. . The operation panel 5 is divided into left and right divided operation panel parts 5A and 5B, and each of the divided operation panel parts 5A and 5B rotates around the vertical turning axis O2 around the bracket 76 of the machine body cover 3 at its outer end. It is supported freely.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a recessed portion 23 and a recessed portion 24 that are recessed from the left and right ends of the body cover 3 toward the center are provided on the left and right sides of the front portion of the body cover 3. A workpiece carry-in device 11 is provided in the recess 23 and a workpiece carry-out device 12 is provided in the recess 24. Therefore, the workpiece carry-in device 11 and the workpiece carry-out device 12 are arranged in the left-right width of the machine body cover 3 with the processing region R interposed therebetween. The recesses 23 and 24 are respectively formed with opening portions 60 described later serving as a workpiece carry-in port to the machining region R and a workpiece carry-out port from the machining region R.

  The workpiece carry-in device 11 and the workpiece transfer device 12 include a workpiece mounting table 25 that can enter and exit the processing region R, and the workpiece chuck 25 and the workpiece W are transferred by the workpiece mounting table 25. The outline of delivery of the workpiece W is as follows. The workpiece W is supplied to the workpiece placement table 25 of the workpiece carry-in device 11 located outside the machining region R, and the workpiece placement table 25 moves into the machining region R. The spindle chuck 6 picks up the workpiece W from the workpiece mounting table 25 of the workpiece carry-in device 11 by moving up and down, left and right, undergoes turning by the tool support means 7, and loads the workpiece on the workpiece carry-out device 12 located in the machining region R. The work W is transferred to the mounting table 25. Upon receiving the workpiece W, the workpiece mounting table 25 of the workpiece carry-out device 12 moves out of the processing region R, and the workpiece W is discharged there.

  Hereinafter, although the detail of the workpiece carrying-in apparatus 11 and the workpiece conveyance apparatus 12 is demonstrated, since both the apparatuses 11 and 12 are the symmetrical structures mutually, the workpiece carrying-in apparatus 11 is demonstrated as a representative here. 4 to 6 are general perspective views showing different states of the work loading device, FIG. 7 is a side view of the work loading device, and FIGS. 8 to 10 are diagrams showing respective parts of the work loading device.

  The workpiece carry-in device 11 (or the workpiece carry-out device 12) includes a workpiece placement device 26 including the workpiece placement table 25, an inside / outside placement table position switching mechanism 27 that switches the position of the workpiece placement table 25 into and out of the processing region R, It comprises a front / rear mounting table position switching mechanism 28 that switches the position of the workpiece mounting table 25 located outside the processing region R back and forth.

  As shown in FIG. 8, in the workpiece mounting device 26, the workpiece mounting table 25 is supported above the distal end portion of the base member 30 via a workpiece mounting table tilting allowable support means 31 and a compression spring 37. The workpiece mounting table 25 is a plate material having a substantially triangular planar shape, and a total of three workpiece holding pins 25a are provided so as to protrude upward on a line connecting the center O3 and each corner. The work W is placed between the work holding pins 25a and placed on the work placing table 25. The screw holes 25b for attaching the work holding pins 25a are provided at a plurality of locations with different distances from the center O3, and the screw holes 25b for attaching the work holding pins 25a can be changed in accordance with the dimensions of the work W. It has become.

The workpiece mounting table tilting allowable support means 31 has the following structure. That is, the elevating guide 34 is loosely fitted in the guide hole 33 formed in the base member 30 so as to freely move up and down, and the upper end of the elevating guide 34 is fixed to the upper plate 35 fixed to the lower surface of the workpiece mounting table 25. The lower end of the lifting guide 34 is fixed to a lower plate 36 located below the base member 30. The elevating guide 34 is inserted into the inner surface of the guide hole 33 with a distance 34 a. The guide hole 33 and the elevating guide 34 are arranged at equal intervals at a plurality of locations (six locations in this embodiment) concentrically with the center O3. The plurality of sets of guide holes 33 and lifting guides 34 constitute a workpiece mounting table tilt allowable support means 31. The workpiece mounting table tilt allowable support means 31 is a spindle device (spindle chuck 6, spindle moving means) which is a work pickup device. When 8) descends and picks up the workpiece on the workpiece mounting table 25, the workpiece mounting surface of the workpiece mounting table 25 is allowed to tilt with respect to the horizontal.
The guide hole 33 is a stepped hole having a large diameter on the upper side, and the compression spring loosely fitted on the outer periphery of the elevating guide 34 between the step surface of the large diameter portion 33a and the lower surface of the upper plate 35. 37 is provided. The compression spring 37 presses the workpiece against the spindle device against the lowering of the spindle device when the spindle device is lowered and picks up the workpiece on the workpiece mounting table 25, and when the spindle device is raised, the workpiece is loaded. This is an elastic means for holding the mounting table 25 horizontally.
In addition, positioning recesses 38 are formed on the lower surface of the base member 30 at a plurality of locations (three locations in this embodiment) concentrically with the center O3. A positioning pin 39 is provided so as to protrude upward on the upper surface of the lower plate 36 so as to face the recess 38. The positioning recesses 38 and the positioning pins 39 bring the workpiece mounting table 25 and the base member 30 into an engaged state in which the workpiece mounting table 25 and the base member 30 cannot be moved horizontally when the workpiece mounting table 25 is raised (FIG. 8B). It is a positioning means that acts so that the engagement state is canceled by lowering (FIG. 8C).

When the workpiece W is not placed or when the workpiece W is placed stationary, the workpiece placing table 25 is lifted by the compression spring 37 as shown in FIG. Is engaged with the positioning recess 38, the horizontal position of the workpiece mounting table 25 is accurately determined. Specifically, the horizontal position of the workpiece mounting table 25 is always accurately positioned by the engagement between the tapered bottom surface of the positioning recess 38 and the tapered tip surface of the positioning pin 39. Further, since a horizontal restoring force is applied to the workpiece mounting table 25 by the compression springs 37 which are elastic members provided at a plurality of locations concentrically with the center O3, the workpiece mounting table 25 is kept horizontal at this time. .
If the workpiece placing table 25 is not horizontal, the workpiece W placed thereon is inclined. Although depending on the shape of the workpiece W, if the workpiece W is inclined, the outer portion of the workpiece W is positioned on the outer side in the horizontal direction with respect to the position of the chuck claw 6a of the spindle chuck 6. The spindle chuck 6 that has been lowered may interfere with the workpiece W, leading to an accident. For this reason, it is necessary to keep the workpiece mounting table 25 horizontal.

  When picking up the workpiece W from the workpiece mounting table 25 by the spindle chuck 6, the spindle chuck 6 holds the workpiece W while pushing it down. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8C, the workpiece mounting table 25 is pushed down via the workpiece W, the engagement between the positioning pin 39 and the positioning recess 38 is released, and the workpiece mounting table 25 is freely tilted. Will be able to. At the same time, because the workpiece W is pressed against the spindle chuck 6 by the tension of the compression spring 37, the spindle chuck 6 can accurately grip the workpiece W. After the spindle chuck 6 picks up the workpiece W, the workpiece mounting table 25 is lifted by the compression spring 37 and returns to the state of FIG.

  The inside / outside mounting table position switching mechanism 27 and the front / rear mounting table position switching mechanism 28 are shown in FIG. The internal / external mounting table position switching mechanism 27 includes an internal / external mounting table position switching drive motor 40 and a cam case 41 integrated with the motor 40, and an output shaft 42 projecting downward from the cam case 41 to the output shaft 42. The rear end portion of the base member 30 is fixedly supported. A cam mechanism (not shown) in the cam case 41 outputs rotation of the motor 40 as forward and reverse repetitive rotation within a predetermined angle range of the output shaft 42. The range of repeated rotation of the output shaft 42 is, for example, 90 °. As the output shaft 42 rotates, the workpiece mounting table 25 rotates horizontally, and the workpiece mounting table 25 is positioned at the neutral position N located outside the processing region R and the workpiece transfer position P1 (located inside the processing region R). In the case of the work carry-out device 12, the work receiving position P2) is switched. The front-rear direction positions of the workpiece transfer position P1 and the workpiece receiving position P2 are the same positions as the axis O4 of the spindle chuck 6.

  The front / rear mounting table position switching mechanism 28 includes two upper and lower guide bars 50, 51 for guiding the work mounting table 25 so as to be movable in the front / rear direction, and before / after moving the work mounting table 25 along the guide bars 50, 51. And a cylinder 52 for driving the mounting table position. The upper and lower guide bars 50 and 51 are provided with both ends fixed to the body cover 3, and a slide member 54 provided at the upper end of the upper vertical plate 53 fixed to the cam case 41 is slidable on the upper guide bar 50. Similarly, a slide member 56 provided at the lower end of the lower vertical plate 55 fixed to the cam case 41 is slidably fitted to the lower guide bar 51. The cylinder 52 is provided with its base fixed to the body cover 3, and the tip of the piston rod 52 a of the cylinder 52 is connected to the upper vertical plate 53. As a result, when the cylinder 52 is expanded and contracted, the workpiece mounting table 25 moves back and forth along the guide bars 50 and 51 together with the motor 40 and the cam case 41. The rear end of the back-and-forth movement stroke is the neutral position N, and the front end is the work supply position Q1 (in the case of the work unloading device 12, the work discharge position Q2).

  As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, an opening 60 for entering and exiting the workpiece mounting table 25 is formed at each boundary between the recesses 23 and 24 and the processing region R, and the opening 60 can be opened and closed. A cover 61 is provided. The opening / closing cover 61 is rotatable up and down around a rotation axis 63 along the front-rear direction by rotation support portions 62 provided at two positions in the front and rear of the lower end portion of the opening / closing cover 61. When the opening / closing cover 61 is at the standing position A (FIG. 9) at the upper end of the rotation range, the opening 60 is closed, and when the opening / closing cover 61 is at the fall position B (FIG. 10) at the lower end of the rotation range. The opening 60 is opened. FIG. 10C shows a state in the middle of opening and closing.

  The opening / closing operation of the opening / closing cover 61 is interlocked with the position switching operation inside and outside the processing region R of the workpiece mounting table 25. The mounting table / opening / closing cover interlocking mechanism 65 engages a guide pin 68 provided on the workpiece mounting table 25 with a cam groove 67 formed in a left / right moving plate 66 that is movable in the left / right direction. The horizontal rotation is converted into the left / right movement of the left / right moving plate 66, and the left / right moving plate 66 and the opening / closing cover 61 are connected to each other through two links 69 at the front and rear, and in conjunction with the left / right movement of the left / right moving plate 66. The opening / closing cover 61 is rotated up and down around the rotation axis 63.

The cam groove 67 is a curved groove that is located on the left and right inner sides and is convex on the left and right inner sides as it goes rearward. By adopting this shape, the lateral displacement of the guide pin 68 due to the rotation of the work mounting table 25 can be smoothly transmitted to the left / right moving plate 66, and the left / right moving plate 66 when the work mounting table 25 rotates. Thus, the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing cover 61 is made smooth. In addition, the linear guide groove 69 formed in the front-rear direction following the front end portion of the curved cam groove 67 is a front-rear guide groove 69 between the neutral position N and the work supply position Q1. The guide pin 68 is guided when moving.
In this embodiment, the open / close cover 61 is rotated up and down around the rotation center 63 along the front-rear direction to open and close the open / close cover 61. However, the open / close cover 61 is slid up and down to open and close it. The cover 61 may be opened and closed in the vertical direction.

  The workpiece carry-in device 11 configured as described above operates as follows. In the initial state, the workpiece mounting table 25 stands by at the neutral position N, and the opening / closing cover 61 closes the opening 60 (FIG. 4). When the work is started, the work mounting table 25 moves forward to the work supply position Q1 (FIG. 5). Then, the workpiece W is placed on the workpiece placing table 25 by hand or the like at the workpiece supply position Q1. The workpiece mounting table 25 on which the workpiece W is placed moves backward to the neutral position N and further rotates to the workpiece transfer position P1 (FIG. 6). At that time, the opening / closing cover 61 is opened in conjunction with the rotation of the workpiece mounting table 25. The workpiece W is picked up from the workpiece mounting table 25 by the spindle chuck 6 at the workpiece transfer position P1. The workpiece mounting table 25 that has passed the workpiece W rotates to the neutral position N. At that time, the opening / closing cover 61 is closed in conjunction with the rotation of the workpiece mounting table 25. Thereafter, the same operation as before is repeated.

  On the other hand, the workpiece carry-out device 12 operates as follows. Before the turning process is completed, the workpiece mounting table 25 has moved to the workpiece receiving position P2, and the processed workpiece W is received from the spindle chuck 6 at the workpiece receiving position P2. The workpiece mounting table 25 that has received the workpiece W rotates to the neutral position N and further advances to the workpiece discharge position Q2. Then, the workpiece W is discharged from the workpiece mounting table 25 by hand or the like at the workpiece discharge position Q2. The workpiece mounting table 25 from which the workpiece W has been discharged moves backward to the neutral position N and further rotates to the workpiece receiving position P2. Thereafter, the same operation as before is repeated. Also in the case of the workpiece carry-out device 12, the opening / closing cover 61 opens and closes in conjunction with the rotation of the workpiece mounting table 25.

In the operations of the workpiece carry-in device 11 and the workpiece carry-out device 12, the workpiece mounting table 25 of the workpiece carry-in device 11 reciprocates between the workpiece transfer position P1 and the workpiece supply position Q1 to supply the workpiece W, and the workpiece carry-out device 12 The workpiece mounting table 25 reciprocates between the workpiece receiving position P2 and the workpiece discharge position Q2 to discharge the workpiece W. The spindle chuck 6 that grips the workpiece W moves up and down and right and left to turn the workpiece W. Performed in parallel with the operation to be performed.
Further, the spindle chuck 6 always stands by at the origin position which is the center in the left-right width direction of the machine body, and moves to the workpiece transfer position P1 or the workpiece receiving position P2 when loading and unloading the workpiece. The workpiece mounting table 25 is met. At this time, the movement of the spindle chuck 6 and the movement of the workpiece mounting table 25 are performed in parallel.

  According to the main spindle moving lathe 1 having this configuration, the workpiece loading device 11 and the workpiece unloading device 12 are provided as described above, and the workpiece mounting table 25 is moved in the machining region R by the internal / external mounting table position switching mechanism 27, respectively. It is possible to go in and out. For this reason, the range of movement of the spindle chuck 6 is within the machining region R, and the entire lathe can be narrowed. In addition, since the work W is carried in and out by the movement of the work mounting table 25 and the movement of the main spindle chuck 6, the movement distance of the main spindle chuck 6 when the work W is carried in and out can be reduced. Since the movement of the mounting table 25 and the movement of the spindle chuck 6 can be performed in parallel, the time required for loading and unloading the workpiece W is shortened.

  Since the workpiece carry-in device 11 and the workpiece carry-out device 12 are provided at different locations, it is not necessary to wait for the workpiece W to be carried into the workpiece placement table 25 of the workpiece carry-in device 11 without waiting for the finished workpiece W to be carried out. When it is outside the region R, it is possible to load and unload the workpiece on the workpiece mounting table 25 at any time. Therefore, the work supply and discharge time can be shortened.

  Furthermore, the movement of the workpiece mounting table 25 is a combination of the movement in and out of the processing region R by the inner / outer mounting table position switching mechanism 27 and the forward / backward movement outside the processing region R by the front / rear mounting table position switching mechanism 28. The workpiece mounting table 25 can be moved forward to a position away from the lathe body outside the machining region R, and workpiece setting and removal can be performed at that position. At this position, the lathe body does not get in the way, so the above setting and removing operations are easy to perform. In addition, when an operator standing in front of a lathe performs workpiece setting and removal, the operator can perform these operations only by facing sideways, so that work efficiency is improved.

Since the workpiece carry-in device 11 and the workpiece carry-out device 12 are arranged so as to be divided to the left and right across the machining region R, it is easy to construct a machining line in which the workpiece flow is in one direction.
Moreover, since the workpiece carry-in device 11 and the workpiece carry-out device 12 are housed within the left and right widths of the machine body cover 3, the entire structure can be made clean and compact. Since the machine body cover 3 is provided with the recesses 23 and 24 and the workpiece mounting table 25 is moved in and out between the machining region R and the recesses 23 and 24, the machine body cover 3 is provided even when the workpiece mounting table 25 is outside the machining region R. The workpiece loading table 25 does not jump out on both sides of the workpiece, and the workpiece carry-in device 11 and the workpiece carry-out device 12 are always accommodated within the width of the body cover 3. In addition, since the workpiece mounting table 25 can be moved forward from the recesses 23 and 24, the workpiece W can be set to or removed from the workpiece mounting table 25 at the position where the workpiece mounting table 25 is moved forward. Workability can be improved.

  The opening / closing cover 61 is opened and closed in the vertical direction around the rotation axis 63 provided along the front-rear direction provided at the lower end thereof, and is switched between a standing position A that closes the opening 60 and a fall position B that is located in the processing region R. Therefore, the position of the opening / closing cover 61 when it is in the fall position B is located below the workpiece mounting table 25 and the spindle chuck 6, and there are few restrictions on transfer of workpieces between the workpiece mounting table 25 and the spindle chuck 6, Further, the opening / closing cover 61 does not interfere with the spindle chuck 6. For this reason, after the delivery of the workpiece is completed, the spindle chuck 6 can quickly start an operation for machining, the cycle time required for machining per workpiece is shortened, and the machining efficiency is improved.

  In addition, since the support structure of the opening / closing cover 61 is as described above, the mounting table / opening / closing cover interlocking mechanism 65 that opens and closes the opening / closing cover 61 in conjunction with the operation of the workpiece mounting table 25 does not interfere with the workpiece mounting table 25. It is possible to provide a lathe with a simple configuration that does not require a drive source for driving the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing cover.

In this embodiment, the work carry-in device 11 and the work carry-out device 12 are provided. However, only the work carry-in device 11 is provided, and the finished product work W is transferred from the spindle chuck 6 by a hand or a device other than the work carry-out device 12. You may make it receive and carry out out of the process area | region R, or provide only the workpiece carry-out apparatus 12, and supply of the raw material workpiece | work W to the spindle chuck 6 from the outside of the process area | region R by humans or apparatuses other than the workpiece carry-in apparatus 11 You may make it perform.
Moreover, you may make the carrying-in location of a workpiece | work and the carrying-out location the same. In that case, the work can be carried in and out using a single device. For example, the work carry-in device 11 or the work carry-out device may be used for both carrying in and carrying out.

1 is a perspective view of a main spindle moving type lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention. (A) is the fracture | rupture front view which shows the internal structure of the same lathe, (B) is a fracture | rupture side view of the same lathe. It is a fracture | rupture top view which shows the relationship between the workpiece carrying-in apparatus of the same lathe, a workpiece carrying-out apparatus, and a spindle chuck. It is a perspective view which shows one state of a workpiece | work carrying-in apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows the different state of a workpiece | work carrying-in apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows the further different state of a workpiece | work carrying-in apparatus. It is a side view of a workpiece carrying-in apparatus. (A) is a plan view of the workpiece placement device, (B) is a partially sectional side view of the workpiece placement device enlarged and displayed partially, (C) shows a different state of the workpiece placement device. It is a cross-sectional side view of the principal part. (A) is a front view which mainly shows one state of an opening / closing cover and a mounting base / opening / closing cover interlocking mechanism, and (B) is a plan view thereof. (A) is a front view mainly showing different states of the opening / closing cover and the mounting table / opening / closing cover interlocking mechanism, (B) is a plan view thereof, and (C) is a plan view showing a state in the middle of opening / closing of the opening / closing cover. It is a fracture | rupture top view which shows the relationship between the workpiece carrying-in apparatus of a proposal example, a workpiece carrying-out apparatus, and a spindle chuck.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Lathe 2 ... Machine tool main body 3 ... Machine body cover 4 ... Control panel 5 ... Operation panel 6 ... Spindle chuck 7 ... Tool support means 8 ... Spindle moving means 9 ... Bed 11 ... Work carry-in device 12 ... Work carry-out device 14 ... Left and right Moving table 16 ... Spindle table 23, 24 ... Recess 25 ... Work placement table 26 ... Work placement device 27 ... Inside / outside placement table position switching mechanism 28 ... Front / rear placement table position switching mechanism 31 ... Work placement table tilt allowable support means 60 ... Opening Numeral 61 ... Opening / closing cover 63 ... Rotating axis 65 ... Placing table / opening / closing cover interlock mechanism P1 ... Work transfer position P2 ... Work receiving position Q1 ... Work supply position Q2 ... Work discharging position R ... Working area W ... Work

Claims (3)

  Spindle chuck for supporting the workpiece downward, tool support means for cutting the work supported by the spindle chuck, spindle movement means for moving the spindle chuck up and down, left and right, and at least spindle chuck and tool support means A machine body cover having a partially opened opening, a lateral movement area of the spindle chuck in the machining area, and a position outside the machining area via the opening. The spindle chuck comprising: a workpiece mounting table that can be freely switched; and an opening / closing cover that opens when the workpiece mounting table is located in the machining region and opens and closes in the vertical direction to close the opening when the workpiece mounting table is outside the machining region. Is a spindle-moving lathe that transfers workpieces to a workpiece mounting table located in a machining area by moving up, down, left, and right.   The spindle moving type lathe according to claim 1, further comprising a mounting table / opening / closing cover interlocking mechanism that opens and closes the opening / closing cover in conjunction with the position switching of the work mounting table.   The opening / closing cover is supported by the machine body cover so as to be rotatable up and down around a rotation center along the front-rear direction at a lower end between a standing position that closes the opening and a fall position located in the processing region. The main spindle moving type lathe according to claim 1 or 2.

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