JP2007093235A - Stereoscopic pyranometer - Google Patents

Stereoscopic pyranometer Download PDF

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JP2007093235A
JP2007093235A JP2005279265A JP2005279265A JP2007093235A JP 2007093235 A JP2007093235 A JP 2007093235A JP 2005279265 A JP2005279265 A JP 2005279265A JP 2005279265 A JP2005279265 A JP 2005279265A JP 2007093235 A JP2007093235 A JP 2007093235A
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output
face
plate
east
west
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Akihiro Yukino
昭寛 雪野
Tetsuya Kokubo
鉄也 小久保
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METEOROLOGICAL ENGINEERING CENTER
Kansai Electric Power Co Inc
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METEOROLOGICAL ENGINEERING CENTER
Kansai Electric Power Co Inc
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a measuring instrument for measuring stereoscopically incoming solar radiation and diffuse radiation. <P>SOLUTION: By arranging a stereoscopically plate-like solar cell on a top face and four lateral faces of a cube, the stereoscopic pyranometer is constituted as a measuring instrument for measuring the stereoscopically incoming solar radiation and the diffuse radiation. Here, while pointing the four lateral faces toward north, east, south, and west, the output from the top face is referred as H, the output from the northward face is referred as N, the output from eastward face is referred as E, the output from the southward face is referred as S, and the output from the westward face is referred as W and the minimum output among the northward face, the eastward face, southward face, and the westward face is defined as the diffuse radiation. Entering into the details, the silicon single-crystal type plate-like solar cell 2 is arranged three-dimensionally to bury into the five faces of the top face and the four lateral faces of a hollow cube of transparent acrylic rectangular solid 1, while the bottom face is constituted of only transparent acrylic plate 3 the center of which transparent vinyl chloride pipe 4 is drooped through. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、都市部の建て込んだビルディングなどに立体（３次元）的に入射する日射量と、散乱放射量を測定する立体日射計に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a solid pyranometer for measuring the amount of solar radiation that is three-dimensionally (three-dimensionally) incident on a building or the like built in an urban area and the amount of scattered radiation.

従来から、水平面に入射する「全天日射量」の測定は行われているが、ヒートアイランド問題等の原因の一つとなる都市部の建て込んだビルディング等において、立体（３次元）的に入射する日射量と散乱放射量を測定する必要が生じてきた。   Conventionally, the “total solar radiation” incident on the horizontal plane has been measured, but it is incident three-dimensionally (three-dimensionally) in buildings built in urban areas that are one of the causes of the heat island problem, etc. It has become necessary to measure solar radiation and scattered radiation.

ところが、現在においては、立体的に入射する日射量と散乱放射量を測定する測定器は存在しない。
特開２０００−０４５２５９ However, at present, there are no measuring instruments for measuring the amount of solar radiation and scattered radiation incident in three dimensions.
JP 2000-045259 A

従来の水平面に入射する日射を測定する日射計では、立体的な測定はできず、従来の日射計を立体的に配置しようとすると、サイズ、重量の点で実用的でなく、また、高価であることから、一つの測定器として使用することは困難であった。   A conventional pyranometer that measures insolation incident on a horizontal plane cannot measure in three dimensions, and it is impractical in terms of size and weight, and expensive when trying to arrange a conventional pyranometer in three dimensions. For this reason, it was difficult to use it as a single measuring instrument.

本発明は、立体的に入射する日射量と散乱放射量を測定する測定器を提供すべく、板状太陽電池を立体的に配置した立体日射計とした。   In order to provide a measuring instrument for measuring the amount of solar radiation and the amount of scattered radiation incident in a three-dimensional manner, the present invention is a three-dimensional solar radiation meter in which plate-like solar cells are three-dimensionally arranged.

また、本発明は、立体的に入射する日射量と散乱放射量を測定する測定器を提供すべく、立方体の上面と４側面の５面に板状太陽電池を立体的に配置した立体日射計とした。   The present invention also provides a three-dimensional solar radiation meter in which plate-like solar cells are three-dimensionally arranged on the top surface and four side surfaces of a cube in order to provide a measuring device that measures the amount of solar radiation and scattered radiation incident in three dimensions. It was.

さらに、本発明は、立体的に入射する立体日射量を測定する測定器を提供すべく、立方体の上面と４側面に板状太陽電池を立体的に配置し、４側面をそれぞれ北、東、南、西に向けて、上面からの出力をＨ、北面からの出力をＮ、東面からの出力をＥ、南面からの出力をＳ、西面からの出力をＷとし、北面、東面、南面、西面のうちの最低出力をＶとすると、立体日射量を、
（（Ｈ−Ｖ）2 ＋（Ｎ−Ｖ）2 ＋（Ｅ−Ｖ）2 ＋（Ｓ−Ｖ）2 ＋（Ｗ−Ｖ）2 ）1/2
で測定するようにした立体日射計とした。 Furthermore, in order to provide a measuring device for measuring the amount of three-dimensional solar radiation incident three-dimensionally, the present invention three-dimensionally arranges plate-like solar cells on the upper surface and four side surfaces of the cube, and the four side surfaces are north, east, To the south and west, the output from the top is H, the output from the north is N, the output from the east is E, the output from the south is S, the output from the west is W, the north, east, If the minimum output on the south and west sides is V, the amount of solid solar radiation is
((HV) 2 + (N−V) 2 + (EV) 2 + (SV) 2 + (W−V) 2 ) 1/2
It was set as the solid pyranometer which was made to measure by.

さらにその上に、本発明は、散乱放射量を測定する測定器を提供すべく、立方体の上面と４側面に板状太陽電池を立体的に配置し、４側面をそれぞれ北、東、南、西に向けて、上面からの出力をＨ、北面からの出力をＮ、東面からの出力をＥ、南面からの出力をＳ、西面からの出力をＷとし、北面、東面、南面、西面のうちの最低出力を散乱放射量とする立体日射計とした。   Furthermore, in order to provide a measuring device for measuring the amount of scattered radiation, the present invention provides a three-dimensional arrangement of plate-like solar cells on the top and four sides of the cube, and the four sides are north, east, south, To the west, the output from the top is H, the output from the north is N, the output from the east is E, the output from the south is S, the output from the west is W, the north, east, south, A solid pyranometer with the lowest output of the west surface was the amount of scattered radiation.

また、本発明は、測定精度を向上させるべく、板状太陽電池を立体的に配置し、板状太陽電池の表面温度が上昇すると温度を補償するようにした立体日射計とした。   In addition, the present invention provides a solid pyranometer in which plate solar cells are arranged in a three-dimensional manner to improve measurement accuracy, and the temperature is compensated for when the surface temperature of the plate solar cells rises.

本発明は、板状太陽電池を立体的に配置した立体日射計であるので、立体的に入射する日射量と散乱放射量を測定できる。   Since the present invention is a three-dimensional solar radiation meter in which plate-like solar cells are three-dimensionally arranged, it is possible to measure the amount of solar radiation and the amount of scattered radiation incident in three dimensions.

また、本発明は、立方体の上面と４側面の５面に板状太陽電池を立体的に配置した立体日射計であるので、立体的に入射する日射量と散乱放射量を測定することができる。   Further, the present invention is a three-dimensional solar radiation meter in which plate-like solar cells are three-dimensionally arranged on the top surface and five side surfaces of the cube, so that the amount of solar radiation and the amount of scattered radiation incident in three dimensions can be measured. .

さらに、本発明は、立方体の上面と４側面に板状太陽電池を立体的に配置し、４側面をそれぞれ北、東、南、西に向けて、上面からの出力をＨ、北面からの出力をＮ、東面からの出力をＥ、南面からの出力をＳ、西面からの出力をＷとし、北面、東面、南面、西面のうちの最低出力をＶとすると、立体日射量を、
（（Ｈ−Ｖ）2 ＋（Ｎ−Ｖ）2 ＋（Ｅ−Ｖ）2 ＋（Ｓ−Ｖ）2 ＋（Ｗ−Ｖ）2 ）1/2
で測定するようにした立体日射計であるので、立体的に入射する立体日射量を測定することができる。 Further, the present invention provides a three-dimensional arrangement of plate-like solar cells on the top and four sides of the cube, with the four sides facing north, east, south, and west, respectively, and the output from the top is H and the output from the north Is N, E is the output from the east, S is the output from the south, W is the output from the west, and V is the lowest output of the north, east, south, and west. ,
((HV) 2 + (N−V) 2 + (EV) 2 + (SV) 2 + (W−V) 2 ) 1/2
Therefore, the amount of solid solar radiation incident in three dimensions can be measured.

さらにその上に、本発明は、立方体の上面と４側面に板状太陽電池を立体的に配置し、４側面をそれぞれ北、東、南、西に向けて、上面からの出力をＨ、北面からの出力をＮ、東面からの出力をＥ、南面からの出力をＳ、西面からの出力をＷとし、北面、東面、南面、西面のうちの最低出力を散乱放射量とする立体日射計であるので、散乱放射量を測定することができる。   Furthermore, the present invention provides a three-dimensional arrangement of plate-like solar cells on the top and four sides of the cube, with the four sides facing north, east, south, and west, respectively, and the output from the top is H and north. The output from N is N, the output from the east is E, the output from the south is S, the output from the west is W, and the minimum output among the north, east, south, and west is the amount of scattered radiation. Since it is a solid pyranometer, the amount of scattered radiation can be measured.

また、本発明は、板状太陽電池を立体的に配置し、板状太陽電池の表面温度が上昇すると温度を補償するようにした立体日射計であるので、測定精度を向上させることができる。   Moreover, since this invention is a solid pyranometer which arrange | positions a plate-shaped solar cell three-dimensionally and compensated for temperature when the surface temperature of a plate-shaped solar cell rises, it can improve a measurement precision.

本発明を添付する図面の図１に示す具体的な一実施例に基づいて、以下詳細に説明する。   The present invention will be described in detail below on the basis of a specific embodiment shown in FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings.

図１は、本発明の具体的一実施例の縦半分を断面した立体日射計である。   FIG. 1 is a solid pyranometer in which a vertical half of a specific embodiment of the present invention is cut.

中空の透明アクリル直方体１の上面と４側面の５面に、シリコン単結晶タイプの板状太陽電池２を立体的に配置して埋設し、底面は透明アクリル板３のみで、この透明アクリル板３の中央に透明塩ビパイプ４を垂下させる。   A silicon single crystal type plate-like solar cell 2 is three-dimensionally arranged and embedded on the top surface and four sides of the hollow transparent acrylic rectangular parallelepiped 1 and the bottom surface is only the transparent acrylic plate 3. A transparent PVC pipe 4 is suspended in the center of the.

この中空の透明アクリル直方体１の内部には、板状太陽電池２より導出される出力ケーブル（図示せず）を通し、透明塩ビパイプ４内を挿通させて透明塩ビパイプ４外まで導出させる。この透明塩ビパイプ４の基端側はアルミベース板５を挿通させ固着し、透明塩ビパイプ４は使用に適した長さに設定し、その下端は必要に応じて基板を固着する。   An output cable (not shown) derived from the plate-like solar cell 2 is passed through the inside of the hollow transparent acrylic rectangular parallelepiped 1, and the inside of the transparent PVC pipe 4 is inserted and led out to the outside of the transparent PVC pipe 4. The base end side of the transparent PVC pipe 4 is fixed by inserting an aluminum base plate 5, the transparent PVC pipe 4 is set to a length suitable for use, and the lower end is fixed to the substrate as required.

また、この中空の透明アクリル直方体１は透明アクリルドーム６で覆わせる。   The hollow transparent acrylic rectangular parallelepiped 1 is covered with a transparent acrylic dome 6.

動作の安定したシリコン単結晶タイプの簡易センサである板状太陽電池２を立体的に配置することで、立体的に入射する立体日射量を測定できるようになった。板状太陽電池２はコスト低減、サイズや重量の点で簡便かつ実用性を有し、高品質で特性の経年変化が少ない。   By arranging three-dimensionally the plate-like solar cell 2 which is a simple sensor of silicon single crystal type with stable operation, the amount of three-dimensional solar radiation incident in three dimensions can be measured. The plate-like solar cell 2 is simple and practical in terms of cost reduction, size and weight, is high quality, and has little change over time in characteristics.

ビルディング等の建物で使用される冷房電力の的確な評価を行うためには、建物の各面が受ける立体日射量に着目する必要があることから、立体日射量の定量的観測が可能となる。   In order to accurately evaluate the cooling power used in a building such as a building, it is necessary to pay attention to the amount of three-dimensional solar radiation received by each surface of the building, so that the three-dimensional solar radiation amount can be quantitatively observed.

透明アクリル直方体１は、測定に際しては、図２に示すように、４側をそれぞれ北、東、南、西に向けて北面からの出力をＮ、東面からの出力をＥ、南面からの出力をＳ、西面からの出力をＷ、上面からの出力をＨとし、北面、東面、南面、西面のうちの最低出力をＶとすると、立体日射量を、 （（Ｈ−Ｖ）2 ＋（Ｎ−Ｖ）2 ＋（Ｅ−Ｖ）2 ＋（Ｓ−Ｖ）2 ＋（Ｗ−Ｖ）2 ）1/2
で測定するようにした。 As shown in FIG. 2, the transparent acrylic rectangular parallelepiped 1 has N output from the north surface, E output from the east surface, and output from the south surface with the four sides facing north, east, south, and west, respectively. , Where S is the output from the west, W is the output from the top, and H is the minimum output from the north, east, south, and west, and the amount of solid solar radiation is ((HV) 2 + (N−V) 2 + (EV) 2 + (S−V) 2 + (W−V) 2 ) 1/2
It was made to measure with.

熱発生には、直達日射だけでなく、散乱放射も寄与しており、従来の日射計で直達日射量と散乱放射量の各々を正確に測定した例はない。   Not only direct solar radiation but also scattered radiation contributes to heat generation, and there is no example in which each of the direct solar radiation amount and the scattered radiation amount is accurately measured with a conventional solar radiation meter.

本発明は、立方体の上面と４側面に板状太陽電池を立体的に配置し、４側面をそれぞれ北、東、南、西に向けて、上面からの出力をＨ、北面からの出力をＮ、東面からの出力をＥ、南面からの出力をＳ、西面からの出力をＷとし、北面、東面、南面、西面のうちの最低出力を散乱放射量とする立体日射計とした。   In the present invention, plate-like solar cells are three-dimensionally arranged on the upper surface and four side surfaces of a cube, with the four side surfaces facing north, east, south, and west, respectively, the output from the upper surface is H, and the output from the north surface is N. The output from the east surface is E, the output from the south surface is S, the output from the west surface is W, and a solid pyranometer with the lowest output among the north, east, south, and west is the amount of scattered radiation. .

北面からの出力をＮ、東面からの出力をＥ、南面からの出力をＳ、西面からの出力をＷの最低値Ｖを散乱放射量とすることで散乱放射量を測定できるようにした。   The amount of scattered radiation can be measured by setting the output from the north to N, the output from the east to E, the output from the south to S, and the output from the west to the minimum value V of W. .

また、本発明は、板状太陽電池を立体的に配置し、板状太陽電池の表面温度が上昇すると温度を補償するようにした立体日射計とした。   Moreover, this invention was set as the solid pyranometer which arrange | positioned a plate-shaped solar cell in three dimensions, and compensated for temperature, when the surface temperature of a plate-shaped solar cell rose.

従来の日射計では、センサ表面の温度変化に伴う出力の変化が生じることから、従来の日射計単独では正確な測定ができなかった。   In the conventional pyranometer, since the output changes with the temperature change of the sensor surface, the conventional pyranometer alone cannot perform an accurate measurement.

本発明のシリコン単結晶タイプの板状太陽電池では、温度特性は物性的に解明されており、理論的方法により温度による出力低下を補正する方法が確立している。   In the silicon single crystal type plate-like solar cell of the present invention, the temperature characteristics have been elucidated in terms of physical properties, and a method for correcting a decrease in output due to temperature by a theoretical method has been established.

「実施例１」
本発明は、中空の透明アクリル直方体の一辺の長さは３６ｍｍ、透明アクリルドームの球径１７０ｍｍ、透明塩ビパイプの直径は１８ｍｍ、アルミベース板の板厚は５ｍｍで、実験を行った。 "Example 1"
In the present invention, the length of one side of a hollow transparent acrylic rectangular parallelepiped was 36 mm, the spherical diameter of the transparent acrylic dome was 170 mm, the diameter of the transparent PVC pipe was 18 mm, and the thickness of the aluminum base plate was 5 mm.

本発明は、板状太陽電池を立体的に配置して、日射量と散乱放射量を測定するようにしたが、ビルディングや家屋などの空調のコントロールなどへの応用ができ、省エネ対策機器として使用できる。   In the present invention, the plate-like solar cells are arranged in three dimensions to measure the amount of solar radiation and the amount of scattered radiation. However, the present invention can be applied to air conditioning control of buildings and houses and used as an energy saving measure device. it can.

本発明の具体的一実施例の立体日射計の縦半分を断面した正面図である。It is the front view which carried out the cross section of the vertical half of the solid pyranometer of one specific Example of this invention. 本発明の要部斜視図である。It is a principal part perspective view of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

２…板状太陽電池
2. Plate solar cell

Claims (5)

板状太陽電池を立体的に配置した立体日射計。   A solid pyranometer with three-dimensionally arranged plate solar cells. 立方体の上面と４側面の５面に板状太陽電池を立体的に配置した立体日射計。   A solid pyranometer in which plate-like solar cells are arranged three-dimensionally on the upper surface of the cube and the five sides of the four side surfaces. 立方体の上面と４側面に板状太陽電池を立体的に配置し、４側面をそれぞれ北、東、南、西に向けて、上面からの出力をＨ、北面からの出力をＮ、東面からの出力をＥ、南面からの出力をＳ、西面からの出力をＷとし、北面、東面、南面、西面のうちの最低出力をＶとすると、立体日射量を、
（（Ｈ−Ｖ）2 ＋（Ｎ−Ｖ）2 ＋（Ｅ−Ｖ）2 ＋（Ｓ−Ｖ）2 ＋（Ｗ−Ｖ）2 ）1/2
で測定するようにした立体日射計。 A plate-like solar cell is three-dimensionally arranged on the top and four sides of the cube, with the four sides facing north, east, south, and west, respectively, the output from the top is H, the output from the north is N, and the east is If E is the output, S is the output from the south, W is the output from the west, and V is the lowest output of the north, east, south, and west,
((HV) 2 + (N−V) 2 + (EV) 2 + (SV) 2 + (W−V) 2 ) 1/2
A solid pyranometer designed to measure with 立方体の上面と４側面に板状太陽電池を立体的に配置し、４側面をそれぞれ北、東、南、西に向けて、上面からの出力をＨ、北面からの出力をＮ、東面からの出力をＥ、南面からの出力をＳ、西面からの出力をＷとし、北面、東面、南面、西面のうちの最低出力を散乱放射量とする立体日射計。   A plate-like solar cell is three-dimensionally arranged on the top and four sides of the cube, with the four sides facing north, east, south, and west, respectively, the output from the top is H, the output from the north is N, and the east is A solid pyranometer with E as the output, S as the output from the south, W as the output from the west, and the lowest output of the north, east, south, and west as scattered radiation. 板状太陽電池を立体的に配置し、板状太陽電池の表面温度が上昇すると温度を補償するようにした立体日射計。
A solid pyranometer that three-dimensionally arranges plate-like solar cells and compensates for the temperature when the surface temperature of the plate-like solar cells rises.
JP2005279265A 2005-09-27 2005-09-27 Stereoscopic pyranometer Pending JP2007093235A (en)

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CN111712208A (en) * 2018-02-07 2020-09-25 赛诺秀有限责任公司 Method and apparatus for controlled RF processing and RF generator system

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WO2019043225A1 (en) * 2017-09-04 2019-03-07 Somfy Activites Sa Meteorological station, control facility comprising such a station and method for configuring such a station
FR3070770A1 (en) * 2017-09-04 2019-03-08 Somfy Activites Sa METEOROLOGICAL STATION, CONTROL INSTALLATION COMPRISING SUCH A STATION AND METHOD FOR CONFIGURING SUCH A STATION
CN111712208A (en) * 2018-02-07 2020-09-25 赛诺秀有限责任公司 Method and apparatus for controlled RF processing and RF generator system

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