JP2007089504A - Foliage reaping machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reap foliage laid down on a ridge without leaving remaining foliage. <P>SOLUTION: The foliage reaping machine 1 is provided with reaping blades 17 attached to the circumference of a rotary shaft 16 extending in lateral direction of the machine body, and a divider 21 extending from the lower part of the rotary shaft 16 toward the upper face of a ridge U in front of the machine body and protruding slantly downward. The foliage laid down on the ridge U is raised by the divider 21 according to the forward motion of the machine body 4, and the raised foliage is reaped with the reaping blades 17. A divider knife 26 having a nearly upward-directing edge tip 26a and extending in the longitudinal direction of the divider 21 is placed above the divider. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a foliage harvester for harvesting the foliage of crops planted in a field.

  The mower apparatus 81 described in patent document 1 is illustrated as a conventional foliage cutter. As shown in FIG. 8, the mower device 81 has a large number of cutting blades 90 mounted on the circumference of a rotating shaft 89 extending in the horizontal direction. In this type of mower device 81, when cutting the fallen leaves on the upper surface of the potato, such as a potato, a divider is provided that protrudes in the direction of the heel length, which is the direction of travel of the aircraft, and Thus, a configuration in which the foliage is cut by the cutting blade 90 is employed. At this time, in order to avoid interference between the divider and the cutting blade 90, the divider is provided at a sufficient distance from the moving path of the cutting blade 90.

JP 2000-253725 A

However, the configuration of the above-described foliage cutter has the following problems.
(1) If the gap between the tip of the cutting blade 90 and the divider is wider than the thickness of the stem, the stem that has been raised enters the gap and cannot be cut, or the stem that could not be cut accumulates on the divider and scrapes or breaks the straw Or
(2) Since the tip of the divider is a rigid body, it is necessary to work away from the topsoil in order not to break the topsoil, causing stems to leak and uncut.
(3) If the divider is at a position away from the base of the stem, the stem will fall in the middle of being caused by the divider and will not be guided to the cutting blade 90 and will remain uncut.

In order to solve the above problems, the foliage harvester of the first invention is:
A cutting blade attached to the circumference of a rotating shaft extending in the left-right direction of the machine body;
A divider projecting obliquely downward from the lower side of the rotating shaft toward the upper surface of the bag in the front direction of the aircraft,
A foliage harvester configured to cause the foliage to lie down on the reed by the divider as the aircraft advances in the forward direction of the aircraft, and to cut the foliage with the cutting blade,
A divider knife having a substantially upward cutting edge extending in the length direction of the divider is disposed on the upper side.

  According to this configuration, the foliage caused by the divider is cut not only by the cutting blade that rotates, but also by the divider knife having the cutting edge. For this reason, there is no remaining cutting of the foliage on the divider or clogging of the stem to the divider, and a stable cutting operation can be performed without interrupting the operation.

As the foliage harvester of the second invention, in the first invention,
The divider exemplifies an aspect in which the tip side is configured to be detachable.

  According to this configuration, even if the front end side of the divider is damaged, it is only necessary to replace the front end side, the repair cost is low, and the maintainability is good.

As the foliage harvester of the third invention, in any of the first or second invention,
A cutting blade attached to the circumference of a rotating shaft extending in the left-right direction of the machine body;
A divider projecting obliquely downward from the lower side of the rotating shaft toward the upper surface of the bag in the front direction of the aircraft,
A foliage harvester configured to cause the foliage to lie down on the reed by the divider as the aircraft advances in the forward direction of the aircraft, and to cut the foliage with the cutting blade,
The divider passes through the vicinity of the bottom dead center position of the cutting blade tip and protrudes obliquely downward from the vicinity.

  According to this configuration, the divider is configured to pass through the vicinity of the bottom dead center position, which is the lowest position where the cutting blade can cut the foliage, so that the foliage can be minimized. be able to. For this reason, the stems and leaves that are being caused are unlikely to fall from the divider, and the caused stems and leaves can be guided to the cutting blade without leakage. In addition, since the divider is configured to pass through the vicinity of the tip of the cutting blade, the foliage placed on the divider can be cut without being left by the cutting blade.

As the foliage harvester of the fourth invention, in any one of the first to third inventions,
The divider exemplifies an aspect configured to pass through a position shifted in the left-right direction from the bottom dead center position in front view.

  According to this configuration, the foliage can be cut not only by the collision force of the cutting blade but also by the shearing force generated by the divider and the cutting blade.

As the foliage harvester of the fifth invention, in the fourth invention,
The rotary blade is attached with the cutting blades at a plurality of locations in the axial direction of the shaft,
The cutting blade provided for cutting the foliage on the top surface of the cocoon has a bottom dead center position at the tip thereof that is substantially the same as or lower than the bottom surface of the side portion of the bottom dead center position in the divider. The aspect comprised so that may be illustrated.

  According to this configuration, the bottom dead center position of the tip of the cutting blade provided for harvesting the foliage on the upper surface of the cocoon can be brought closer to the upper surface of the cocoon, and the remaining cuttings of the foliage lying on the upper surface of the cocoon can be reduced. Can do.

  According to the foliage mower according to the present invention, there is an excellent effect that the foliage lying on the ridge can be trimmed without being left behind.

  FIGS. 1-7 has shown the foliage harvester of one Embodiment which actualized this invention. The foliage harvester 1 of this example is a riding type, and is disposed between the body 4 supported by the front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3 and the front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. , A cutting device 5 for cutting the stems and leaves of the crop planted on the ridge U of the field H, a support unit 6 that supports the cutting device 5 to be movable up and down on the body 4, and the cutting device 5 is inclined to the left and right with respect to the body 4. The rolling prevention part 7 which prevents it is provided. In each figure, an arrow F indicates the front direction of the aircraft.

  The fuselage 4 has a structure in which rigidity is ensured across the center and is supported by one front wheel 2 and two rear wheels 3. The front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3 are respectively disposed at the front end portion and the rear end portion of the airframe 4 so as to ensure the distance between the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3 as long as possible. A driver's seat 11 is provided at the rear of the body 4. Below the driver's seat 11, an engine (not shown) is installed as a prime mover that drives the front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the reaping device 5 shaves the foliage of the two ridges U in one stroke, and includes a device frame 15 extending in the left-right direction of the machine body. A rotating shaft 16 extending horizontally in the left-right direction of the machine body is rotatably supported on the lower side of the apparatus frame 15. Three cutting blades 17 (in this example, flail blades) are attached at equal intervals around the shaft at a plurality of locations in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 16 (in this example, 7 locations for each rod U). It has been. An engine 18 as a prime mover is installed on the upper side of the apparatus frame 15, and the rotary shaft 16 is driven to rotate via a power transmission mechanism 19. Further, at a plurality of locations in the left-right direction of the machine frame 15 (two locations for each kite U in this example), the device frame 15 projects obliquely downward from below the rotating shaft 16 toward the top surface of the kite U in the front direction of the model. The provided divider 21 is supported. The apparatus frame 15 is provided with a support column 20 extending rearward and obliquely upward, and an operation unit 12 for operating the operation of the reaping device 5 is attached to the tip of the support column 20. Yes. The operation unit 12 is provided so as to be positioned immediately in front of the driver's seat 11 so that the operator can operate while sitting on the driver's seat 11. Then, the cutting device 5 is lowered by the support portion 6 (the state shown in FIGS. 3 and 4) so that the cutting blade 17 comes to the vicinity of the upper surface of the ridge U, and the aircraft 4 advances in the forward direction of the aircraft. Accordingly, the divider 21 causes stems and leaves lying down on the ridge U, and the stems and leaves are cut up with the cutting blade 17 by up-cutting.

  As shown in FIG. 4, each cutting blade 17 has a tip 17a that is bifurcated in the left-right direction of the machine body. Moreover, as shown in the figure, out of the seven cutting blades 17 arranged for each ridge U, the cutting blades 17 on both the left and right sides have a diameter of the rotary shaft 16 so as to cut off the foliage on the side surface of the ridge U. It extends long in the direction. The five cutting blades 17 disposed inside these cutting blades 17 cut the foliage on the upper surface of the ridge U. In these five cutting blades 17, the bottom dead center position P1 of the cutting blade tip 17a not adjacent to the divider 21 is substantially the same position as the bottom surface of the side portion 21a of the bottom dead center position P1 of the divider 21. It is configured. In the cutting blade 17, the bottom dead center position P2 of the cutting blade tip 17a adjacent to the divider 21 is configured to be slightly above the upper surface of the side portion 21a of the divider 21 at the bottom dead center position P2. Has been.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a pair of dividers 21 arranged for each ridge U includes five cutting blades 17 for the upper surface of the ridge U, the first cutting blade 17 and the second cutting blade from the left and right sides of the machine body. By extending between the blades 17 and the upper surface of the ridge U in the forward direction of the aircraft and obliquely downward, the foliage is placed at a position closer to the inside than the edge of the ridge U width direction on the upper surface of the ridge U. It is arranged to cause. Each divider 21 has a cylindrical holder portion 22 attached to the apparatus frame 15 so that the cylindrical hole 22a faces in the forward direction of the machine body and obliquely downward, and the sliding position of the holder portion 22 can be adjusted in the cylindrical hole 22a. Is attached to the tip of the arm portion 23, and is attached to the tip of the arm portion 23, and the upper surface of the heel U in the forward direction of the machine body and obliquely downward. A claw portion 24 projecting toward the heel and an elastic body 25 attached to the tip of the claw portion 24 are provided. The distal end portion of the arm portion 23 of the divider 21 is disposed at a position shifted in the left-right direction of the machine body from the bottom dead center position P2 of the cutting blade tip 17a adjacent to the divider 21 when the machine body 4 is viewed from the front. The degree of this deviation is not particularly limited, but the gap between the tip of the arm 23 of the divider 21 and the cutting blade tip 17a adjacent to the divider 21 is determined by the thickness of the stem to be cut in the front view of the machine body 4. It is preferable that it is small, specifically, it is exemplified that it is about 1 cm or less. In addition, by adjusting the slide position of the arm part 23 with respect to the holder part 22, the relative position of the cutting blade 17 and the divider 21 can be appropriately adjusted.

  A divider knife 26 having a substantially upward cutting edge 26a extending in the length direction of the arm portion 23 of the divider 21 is disposed on the upper side. The divider knife 26 is detachably fixed to a knife mounting seat 23 a provided on the upper side of the arm portion 23. The cutting edge 26 a of the divider knife 26 shown in FIG. 3 reaches the inside of the rotational diameter of the cutting blade 17. Depending on the state of the foliage (for example, thickness, firmness, dry state, etc.), the cutting edge 26 a may be better outside the rotational diameter of the cutting blade 17. In this case, the divider knife 26 shown in FIG.

  The claw portion 24 which is the distal end side of the divider 21 has a proximal end portion fixed to the distal end portion of the arm portion 23 so as to be detachable. In this example, both are fixed by a screw fixing structure 27. Conventionally, since the arm portion 23 and the claw portion 24 have a welded integrated structure, the arm portion 23 and the claw portion 24 need to be replaced when the claw portion 24 is damaged due to contact with the topsoil during the work. There was a problem that the cost was high. In this example, this can be solved.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, the support unit 6 includes a parallel link mechanism 55 that connects and supports the rear side of the mowing device 5 to the airframe 4 so that the mowing device 5 can move up and down with respect to the airframe 4. A suspending support portion 56 that suspends and supports the front side of the reaping device 5 on the machine body 4 is provided. As shown in FIG. 4, the support unit 6 supports the body 4 to support substantially the entire weight of the reaping device 5 so that the reaping device 5 floats from the basket U of the field H during the reaping operation. It is configured.

  The parallel link mechanism 55 includes a pair of upper and lower link members 57 and is configured to support the reaping device 5 so as to be movable up and down while maintaining a fixed working posture with respect to the machine body 4. The parallel link mechanism 55 is driven up and down by a hydraulic cylinder 28 as an up-and-down driving means.

  The suspension support portion 56 includes an adjustment arm 31 pivotally supported by the cutting device 5 so as to be pivotable up and down, a pair of connecting members 32 that connect the tip end side of the adjustment arm to the front side of the machine body 4, and the rotation of the adjustment arm 31. The height adjustment part 33 which adjusts the height of the cutting device 5 by adjusting a moving angle is provided.

  The adjustment arm 31 includes a pair of left and right arm pieces 35 pivotally supported by the device frame 15 of the reaping device 5 on the base end side, and a bar 36 that is connected to the distal ends of both arm pieces 35 and extends to the left and right. .

  The height adjusting unit 33 connects the tip of the support frame 15a projecting upward from the device frame 15 and the bar 36 at the tip of the adjusting arm 31, and is electrically operated as an adjusting means for adjusting the distance. A cylinder 41 is provided. Then, when the height of the adjustment arm 31 is adjusted by operating a height adjustment switch (not shown) provided in the operation unit 12, the distance between the cutting device side end of the connecting member 32 and the cutting device 5; That is, the height of the cutting device 5 with respect to the machine body 4 can be adjusted. As the adjusting means, for example, known means such as a hydraulic cylinder can be appropriately employed.

  As shown in FIGS. 2, 6, and 7, the rolling prevention unit 7 includes a support arm 45 attached to the body 4. The support arm 45 extends to the rear of the support column 20 of the reaping device 5, and a pair of rollers 46, 46 that are rotatable about an axis extending substantially in the front-rear direction are spaced from each other at the tip. Is provided. Both rollers 46 are provided so as to sandwich both sides of a sandwiched portion 47 attached to the rear side of the column 20. The rolling prevention unit 7 allows the rollers 46, 46 to roll up and down substantially along the sandwiched portion 47, thereby allowing the mowing device 5 to move up and down relative to the machine body 4, and the rollers 46, 46 to be covered. By sandwiching the sandwiching portion 47, it is possible to prevent the cutting device 5 from tilting in the left-right direction with respect to the machine body 4.

  The support arm 45 is provided with a rolling adjustment portion 48 for adjusting the horizontal inclination of the reaping device 5 with respect to the body 4 by adjusting the length thereof. The rolling adjustment portion 48 is attached to the body 4 and is inserted into a cylindrical slide guide 49 extending in the left-right direction of the body 4, and is inserted into the slide guide 49 so as not to be relatively rotatable and slidable in the left-right direction. A slider 50 having a pair of rollers 46 and 46 attached thereto, an adjustment male screw 51 which is pivotally supported by a slide guide 49 and whose one end is screwed into a female screw 50 b provided on the base end side of the slider 50. , And a motor 53 that rotationally drives the other end of the adjusting male screw 51 via a reduction gear 52. Then, when the rotation direction and amount of rotation of the motor 53 are adjusted by operating a rolling adjustment switch (not shown) provided in the operation unit 12, the support arm 45 expands and contracts accordingly. The relative distance of can be adjusted. Thereby, the support | pillar 20 standingly arranged by the cutting device 5 can be used as a lever, and the inclination to the left-right direction of the cutting device 5 with respect to the body 4 can be adjusted now. The slider 50 is provided with a mark 50a, and a scale plate 49a for reading the position of the mark 50a is attached to the slide guide 49, thereby easily and accurately reading the inclination of the rolling adjusting portion 48 with respect to the machine body 4. Be able to.

  According to the foliage cutter 1 of the present example configured as described above, the foliage caused by the divider 21 is cut not only by the cutting blade 17 that rotates, but also by the divider knife 26. Yes. For this reason, there is no remaining cutting of the foliage on the divider 21 or clogging of the stem to the divider 21, and a stable cutting operation can be performed without interrupting the operation.

  Further, the divider 21 is configured such that the claw portion 24 at the tip side thereof is detachable. Therefore, even if the claw portion 24 is damaged, it is only necessary to replace the claw portion 24, the repair cost is low, and the maintenance performance is low. Is good.

  Further, since the divider 21 is configured so as to pass through the vicinity of the bottom dead center position P2, which is the lowest position where the cutting blade 17 can cut the foliage, the occurrence of foliage can be minimized. For this reason, the stems and leaves that are being caused are unlikely to fall from the divider 21, and the caused stems and leaves can be guided to the cutting blade 17 without leakage. Further, since the divider 21 is configured to pass through the vicinity of the cutting blade tip 17a, the foliage placed on the divider 21 can be cut by the cutting blade 17 without being left behind.

  Further, since the divider 21 is configured to pass through a position shifted in the heel U width direction from the bottom dead center position P2 of the cutting blade tip 17a in front view, in addition to the collision force of the cutting blade 17, the divider 21 The foliage can also be cut by the shearing force of the cutting blade 17.

  Further, the cutting blade 17 provided for cutting the foliage on the upper surface of the ridge U has a bottom dead center position P1 at the tip thereof that is substantially the same position as the bottom surface of the side portion 21a of the bottom dead center position P1 in the divider 21. Therefore, the bottom dead center position P1 of the tip 17a of the cutting blade 17 provided for cutting the foliage on the upper surface of the cocoon U can be brought closer to the upper surface of the cocoon U, and the upper surface of the cocoon U is depressed. The uncut cutting of the foliage can be reduced.

  Further, in the conventional height adjusting unit 33 and rolling adjusting unit 48, a manual operation type screw structure is adopted as the adjusting means, and it is necessary for the operator to rotate and adjust the handle, which is heavy. There is a problem that the operation during operation of the foliage cutter 1 is difficult and the operability is poor. However, according to the height adjusting unit 33 and the rolling adjusting unit 48 of this example, the height and inclination of the reaping device 5 can be easily adjusted by a switch operation, and the operability is good.

In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, For example, it can also be suitably changed and embodied as follows, for example in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of invention.
(1) A configuration in which the position of the divider 21 in the 畝 U width direction and the height of the divider 21 are adjustable.
(2) Several types of dividers 21 having different widths at the tips of the arms 23 in the left-right direction of the machine body are prepared, and by appropriately replacing them, the tips of the arms 23 of the divider 21 in the front view of the machine body 4, Adjusting the gap with the cutting blade tip 17a adjacent to the divider 21;
(3) Increase or decrease the number of dividers 21 installed as appropriate.
(4) Change the shape of the divider knife 26 as appropriate.

1 is a side view of a foliage mower according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the same stem and leaf mower. It is a sectional side view which shows the principal part of the cutting device in the same stem and leaf cutter, and is the III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. FIG. 4 is a front sectional view showing a main part of the same stem and leaf cutter, and is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3. FIG. 4 is a side sectional view similar to FIG. 3, showing a modification example of the main part. It is a side view which shows the principal part of the same foliage harvester. It is a partially broken top view which shows the rolling adjustment part of the same foliage cutter. It is a rear view which shows the mower apparatus as the conventional foliage cutter.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Stem and leaf cutter 4 Machine body 5 Cutting device 15 Device frame 16 Rotating shaft 17 Cutting blade 17a Cutting blade tip 18 Engine 19 Power transmission mechanism 21 Divider 22 Holder portion 22a Tube hole 23 Arm portion 23a Mounting seat 24 Claw portion 25 Elastic body 26 Divider Knife 26a Cutting edge 27 Screw mounting structure F Forward direction H Field P1 Bottom dead center position P2 Bottom dead center position U

Claims (5)

A cutting blade attached to the circumference of a rotating shaft extending in the left-right direction of the machine body;
A divider projecting obliquely downward from the lower side of the rotating shaft toward the upper surface of the bag in the front direction of the aircraft,
A foliage harvester configured to cause the foliage to lie down on the reed by the divider as the aircraft advances in the forward direction of the aircraft, and to cut the foliage with the cutting blade,
The divider is a foliage mower in which a divider knife having a substantially upward cutting edge extending in the length direction is disposed on the upper side.   The foliage harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the divider is configured such that a tip end side thereof is detachable.   3. The foliage cutter according to claim 1, wherein the divider passes through a vicinity of a bottom dead center position of the cutting blade tip and protrudes obliquely downward from the vicinity. 4.   The foliage reaper according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the divider is configured to pass through a position shifted in a lateral direction from the bottom dead center position in a front view. The rotary blade is attached with the cutting blades at a plurality of locations in the axial direction of the shaft,
The cutting blade provided for cutting the foliage on the top surface of the cocoon has a bottom dead center position at the tip thereof that is substantially the same as or lower than the bottom surface of the side portion of the bottom dead center position in the divider. The foliage harvester according to claim 4, which is configured to be as follows.

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