JP2007084892A - Diamond-coated substrate, filter and electrode - Google Patents

Diamond-coated substrate, filter and electrode Download PDF

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JP2007084892A
JP2007084892A JP2005277030A JP2005277030A JP2007084892A JP 2007084892 A JP2007084892 A JP 2007084892A JP 2005277030 A JP2005277030 A JP 2005277030A JP 2005277030 A JP2005277030 A JP 2005277030A JP 2007084892 A JP2007084892 A JP 2007084892A
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diamond
substrate
electrode
coated
coated substrate
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JP5172084B2 (en
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Kenji Izumi
健二 泉
Yuichiro Seki
裕一郎 関
Takahiro Imai
貴浩 今井
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Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Priority to JP2005277030A priority Critical patent/JP5172084B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2006/317111 priority patent/WO2007034665A1/en
Priority to CN 200680001510 priority patent/CN101090999A/en
Priority to EP06797084A priority patent/EP1930470A1/en
Priority to US11/791,793 priority patent/US20080014417A1/en
Priority to KR1020077013069A priority patent/KR20080050355A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a porous composite substrate which can be used for an electrode as well, is extremely physically/chemically stable, can be used in a harsh environment and has superior durability. <P>SOLUTION: The diamond-coated substrate comprises a substrate and an electroconductive diamond layer coated on the substrate. The substrate is porous and has open pores. The electroconductive diamond layer is made from electroconductive diamond, and has a continuous part of 1,000 μm<SP>2</SP>or less. The porous substrate of the diamond-coated substrate has open pores with diameters of 0.1 μm to 1,000 μm. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、多孔質基板上にダイヤモンド層を被覆した複合基板、及びそれを用いたフィルター及び電極に関する。   The present invention relates to a composite substrate in which a diamond layer is coated on a porous substrate, and a filter and an electrode using the composite substrate.

ダイヤモンドは特徴的な性質を有しており、それらを活かした様々な応用製品が実用化されている。ダイヤモンドの特徴として化学的、物理的に安定であり、通常絶縁体であるが、硼素、窒素などの不純物を添加することで、導電性を付与することができる。
近年、産業面において物質の廃棄、排水、リサイクル技術が急速に発展してきている。その中の一つとして、セラミックフィルターを用いた排水濾過方法がある。しかし、従来のセラミックフィルターでは、極めて腐食性の強い溶液や環境での使用において腐食してしまう可能性がある。
また、廃液中の望ましくない有機化合物を低減するために、電気化学的酸化を行う技法がある。従来使用されている電極では、白金、二酸化鉛及び二酸化スズなどがある。しかし、これらも電気分解過程において厳しい化学的環境におかれ、腐食される。また、陽極として使用される場合には、作用面上への吸着物が形成され、効率が著しく低下するという欠点がある。
Diamond has a characteristic property, and various applied products utilizing them are put into practical use. Diamond is chemically and physically stable as a feature of diamond, and is usually an insulator. However, conductivity can be imparted by adding impurities such as boron and nitrogen.
In recent years, industrial waste disposal, drainage, and recycling technologies have been rapidly developed. One of them is a drainage filtration method using a ceramic filter. However, conventional ceramic filters may corrode when used in highly corrosive solutions or environments.
There are also techniques for performing electrochemical oxidation to reduce undesirable organic compounds in the waste liquid. Conventionally used electrodes include platinum, lead dioxide and tin dioxide. However, they are also corroded in a harsh chemical environment during the electrolysis process. Further, when used as an anode, there is a drawback that adsorbate is formed on the working surface and the efficiency is remarkably lowered.

ダイヤモンドは化学的に最も安定な物質であり、酸化に対する耐久性に優れており、基板表面が汚染されるようなことはない。したがって前記従来フィルターと比べても、ダイヤモンドは耐腐食性が強く、前記従来電極と比べても、導電性を付与されたダイヤモンドは高いエネルギー効率を維持することができ、電極として優れた点が多い。よって、多孔質基板にダイヤモンドを被覆した基板は、耐久性の強いフィルターとして使用が可能である。更に電極として使用することで、フィルター表面に付着した異物を取り除くことができ、通過する異物を電気化学的酸化処理によって小さくすることで、フィルターの目詰まりを防ぐことができる。   Diamond is the most chemically stable substance, has excellent resistance to oxidation, and does not contaminate the substrate surface. Therefore, compared with the conventional filter, diamond has strong corrosion resistance, and compared with the conventional electrode, the diamond imparted with conductivity can maintain high energy efficiency and has many excellent points as an electrode. . Therefore, a substrate in which a porous substrate is coated with diamond can be used as a highly durable filter. Furthermore, by using it as an electrode, the foreign matter adhering to the filter surface can be removed, and the filter can be prevented from being clogged by reducing the passing foreign matter by electrochemical oxidation treatment.

特許文献1、特許文献2には、ダイヤモンド電極を用いて排水中で有機化合物を分解することが開示されている。しかし、前記明細書の実施例では、高い電流密度、長時間での電気分解の実施例は示されていない。
有機媒体中でダイヤモンド電極を電流密度が高い条件で使用する場合に、発生するガスや電解液により、膜と基板との界面で剥離が起こる。剥離により下地基板が露出してしまい、溶液により腐食が進行してしまう。または、電解効率が著しく悪くなるという問題が起こる。
特開2000−254650号公報 特開2000−226682号公報
Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose that an organic compound is decomposed in waste water using a diamond electrode. However, the examples of the specification do not show examples of electrolysis at high current density and long time.
When a diamond electrode is used in an organic medium under conditions with a high current density, peeling occurs at the interface between the film and the substrate due to the generated gas or electrolyte. The underlying substrate is exposed due to the peeling, and the corrosion proceeds with the solution. Or the problem that electrolytic efficiency will deteriorate remarkably arises.
JP 2000-254650 A JP 2000-226682 A

本発明は、開気孔を有し、濾過機能を有する多孔質基板上に導電性を有するダイヤモンド被覆層を設けることによって、物理的・化学的に極めて安定で過酷な環境下で使用することが可能な耐久性に優れた多孔質性複合基板を提供することを目的とする。また電極としても使用が可能で、電気化学的酸化処理中に導電性ダイヤモンド層と基板が剥離することにより、電解が継続できなくなる又は、電解効率が著しく悪くなるという上記問題を解決するためになされたものである。   The present invention can be used in physically and chemically extremely stable and harsh environments by providing a conductive diamond coating layer on a porous substrate having open pores and a filtering function. An object of the present invention is to provide a porous composite substrate having excellent durability. It can also be used as an electrode, and is made to solve the above-mentioned problem that electrolysis cannot be continued or electrolysis efficiency is significantly deteriorated due to peeling of the conductive diamond layer and the substrate during the electrochemical oxidation treatment. It is a thing.

本発明は下記の構成よりなる。
(1)基板および該基板に被覆したダイヤモンド層からなり、該基板が多孔質で開気孔を有し、該ダイヤモンド層を構成するダイヤモンドの連続している部分の最大面積が1μm以上1000μm以下であることを特徴とするダイヤモンド被覆基板である。
(2)前記ダイヤモンド層が導電性を有することを特徴とする上記(1)に記載のダイヤモンド被覆基板である。
(3)前記多孔質基板の開気孔径が0.1μm〜1000μmであることを特徴とする上記(1)又は(2)に記載のダイヤモンド被覆基板である。
(4)前記多孔質基板の材質が、Al、Ta、Nb、Hf、Zr、Znであることを特徴とする上記(1)〜(3)のいずれか一に記載のダイヤモンド被覆基板である。
(5)前記ダイヤモンドが、硼素、リン、窒素のうち一つ以上を不純物として含むことを特徴とする上記(1)〜(4)のいずれか一に記載のダイヤモンド被覆基板である。
(6)前記導電性ダイヤモンド層が1ppm〜50000ppmの範囲にある硼素を含有することを特徴とする上記(5)に記載のダイヤモンド被覆基板である。
(7)上記(1)〜(6)のいずれか一に記載のダイヤモンド被覆基板を用いることを特徴とする濾過フィルターである。
(8)上記(1)〜(6)のいずれか一に記載のダイヤモンド被覆基板及び/または上記(7)に記載の濾過フィルターを陽極及び/または陰極として用いることを特徴とする電極である。
The present invention has the following configuration.
(1) It consists of a substrate and a diamond layer coated on the substrate, the substrate is porous and has open pores, and the maximum area of the continuous diamond portion constituting the diamond layer is 1 μm 2 or more and 1000 μm 2 or less This is a diamond-coated substrate.
(2) The diamond-coated substrate according to (1), wherein the diamond layer has conductivity.
(3) The diamond-coated substrate according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the porous substrate has an open pore diameter of 0.1 μm to 1000 μm.
(4) The diamond-coated substrate according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the porous substrate is made of Al, Ta, Nb, Hf, Zr, or Zn.
(5) The diamond-coated substrate according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the diamond contains one or more of boron, phosphorus, and nitrogen as impurities.
(6) The diamond-coated substrate according to (5), wherein the conductive diamond layer contains boron in a range of 1 ppm to 50000 ppm.
(7) A filtration filter using the diamond-coated substrate according to any one of (1) to (6) above.
(8) An electrode characterized by using the diamond-coated substrate according to any one of (1) to (6) above and / or the filtration filter according to (7) above as an anode and / or a cathode.

フィルターとして用いる場合にフィルター表面と濾過しようとする溶液の物理的、化学的な相互作用により、基板表面が劣化し、基板全体の強度低下、濾過機能の低下など、フィルターの耐久性が低下する問題に対して、基板表面を導電性ダイヤモンド層で被覆する本発明に係るダイヤモンド被覆基板を用いることによって耐久性に優れたフィルターを提供できる。また、電極として使用する場合にも電気化学的酸化を行う工程時に、導電性ダイヤモンド層と基板との間で剥離を起こす問題に対しては、導電性ダイヤモンド層内の応力を低減することで防ぐことができる。   When using as a filter, the substrate surface deteriorates due to the physical and chemical interaction between the filter surface and the solution to be filtered, and the durability of the filter decreases, such as the strength of the entire substrate and the filtration function. On the other hand, a filter having excellent durability can be provided by using the diamond-coated substrate according to the present invention in which the substrate surface is coated with a conductive diamond layer. In addition, even when used as an electrode, the problem of delamination between the conductive diamond layer and the substrate during the process of electrochemical oxidation is prevented by reducing the stress in the conductive diamond layer. be able to.

以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明に係るダイヤモンド被覆基板は、濾過機能を有したフィルターとして使用することが可能であり、また同時に電極として広く使用することができる。高速亜鉛めっきや電解銅箔製造、洗浄用酸性水やアルカリ水の製造にも使用できる。
ダイヤモンドを被覆する基板に、多孔質基板を用いることでフィルター機能を持たせることができる。この多孔質基板は開気孔を有している必要がある。フィルターとしてのみ使用する場合には被覆されたダイヤモンドは特に導電性を有している必要はない。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The diamond-coated substrate according to the present invention can be used as a filter having a filtration function, and can be widely used as an electrode at the same time. It can also be used for high-speed galvanization, electrolytic copper foil production, and acidic and alkaline water for cleaning.
A filter function can be provided by using a porous substrate for the substrate coated with diamond. This porous substrate needs to have open pores. When used only as a filter, the coated diamond need not be particularly conductive.

ダイヤモンドに不純物を添加することで導電性を付与することができる。この導電性を付与した導電性ダイヤモンド層を被覆した基板を用いて、電極として使用することができる。有機物を含んだ溶液を電気化学的酸化処理を行う場合に、導電性ダイヤモンドを被覆した基板と導電性ダイヤモンド層との界面で剥離を起すことがある。電気分解処理において、発生する水素、酸素、塩素ガス等による導電性ダイヤモンド層への負荷が発生していると思われる。またこれは、導電性ダイヤモンド層内の応力に関係が大きく、この応力を低減することで、剥離を防ぐことができる。導電性ダイヤモンド層中に、連続している部分(以下連続膜と記載することもある)の面積が大きいと、そこで応力が大きくなってしまい剥離の原因となる。ここで言う連続膜とは、導電性ダイヤモンド自体が電気的に繋がっている部分を指している。本発明では、核発生密度を小さくすることで、連続膜になることを防ぎ、膜内の応力を低減することで、剥離を防ぐことが可能である。任意の1mm角面積を取り出したときの核発生密度は、1.0×10個/cm以下であることが望ましい。連続膜である部分が、1000μm以下であれば、応力を低減することができ、導電性ダイヤモンド層と基板との間の剥離を防ぐことができる。しかし、ダイヤモンドの連続している部分の最大面積が1μm以下であると、結晶粒の大きさが小さく、もしくは膜厚が薄くなる。前者の場合は、ダイヤモンドの結晶性が悪くなり、後者の場合は膜の抵抗が高くなり電解効率が悪くなる。 Conductivity can be imparted by adding impurities to diamond. A substrate coated with a conductive diamond layer imparted with conductivity can be used as an electrode. When an electrochemical oxidation treatment is performed on a solution containing an organic substance, peeling may occur at the interface between the conductive diamond-coated substrate and the conductive diamond layer. In the electrolysis treatment, it seems that a load is applied to the conductive diamond layer due to the generated hydrogen, oxygen, chlorine gas and the like. This is largely related to the stress in the conductive diamond layer, and peeling can be prevented by reducing this stress. In the conductive diamond layer, if the area of the continuous portion (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a continuous film) is large, the stress increases there, causing peeling. The continuous film here refers to a portion where the conductive diamond itself is electrically connected. In the present invention, it is possible to prevent a continuous film by reducing the nucleation density and to prevent peeling by reducing the stress in the film. The nucleus generation density when an arbitrary 1 mm square area is taken out is desirably 1.0 × 10 9 pieces / cm 2 or less. If the part which is a continuous film is 1000 micrometers 2 or less, stress can be reduced and peeling between a conductive diamond layer and a board | substrate can be prevented. However, when the maximum area of the diamond continuous portion is 1 μm 2 or less, the size of the crystal grains is small or the film thickness is thin. In the former case, the crystallinity of diamond is deteriorated, and in the latter case, the resistance of the film is increased and the electrolytic efficiency is deteriorated.

導電性ダイヤモンドを成膜する多孔質基板の開気孔径が0.1μm〜1000μmであることが好ましい。開気孔径が0.1μm未満では、ダイヤモンドを被覆することによって閉気孔になり、基板を液体が通過しなくなりフィルターとして使用できない。また開気孔径が1000μm以上であると、基板の剛性が低下し、成膜時、もしくはフィルターとしての使用時に破断してしまう問題が生じるようになる。   The open pore diameter of the porous substrate on which the conductive diamond is formed is preferably 0.1 μm to 1000 μm. If the open pore diameter is less than 0.1 μm, it becomes closed pores by coating with diamond, and the liquid does not pass through the substrate and cannot be used as a filter. Further, when the open pore diameter is 1000 μm or more, the rigidity of the substrate is lowered, and there is a problem that the substrate is broken during film formation or when used as a filter.

電極での使用を考えると、基板は導電性である必要があり、低抵抗であることが好ましい。金属基板を用いることが好ましく、更には、電気化学的酸化処理を行った際に基板表面で不動体を形成する弁金属や貴金属が好ましく、特にAl、Ta、Nb、Hf、Zr、Znであることが好ましい。その中でも、Nbはダイヤモンドとの不整合が小さく、より剥離を防ぐことができる。
ダイヤモンド層に硼素、リン、窒素のうち一以上を不純物としてドープすることにより、導電性を付与することができ、抵抗値を著しく下げることができる。それ以外の元素を不純物として含む場合には、ダイヤモンドの品質が悪くなり好ましくない。
Considering the use as an electrode, the substrate needs to be conductive, and preferably has a low resistance. It is preferable to use a metal substrate. Furthermore, a valve metal or a noble metal that forms a non-moving body on the surface of the substrate when an electrochemical oxidation treatment is performed is preferable, and Al, Ta, Nb, Hf, Zr, Zn are particularly preferable. It is preferable. Among them, Nb has a small mismatch with diamond and can further prevent peeling.
By doping the diamond layer with one or more of boron, phosphorus, and nitrogen as impurities, conductivity can be imparted and the resistance value can be significantly reduced. When other elements are contained as impurities, the quality of diamond deteriorates, which is not preferable.

硼素の含有率が1〜50000ppmと制御可能で、望ましい抵抗値を得ることができる。1ppm未満ではダイヤモンド層の抵抗率が低く、電解処理を行う時での電力効率が悪くなる。50000ppmを越えると、ダイヤモンドの品質が悪くなり、剥離を起しやすくなる。   The boron content can be controlled to 1 to 50000 ppm, and a desired resistance value can be obtained. If it is less than 1 ppm, the resistivity of the diamond layer is low, and the power efficiency during the electrolytic treatment is deteriorated. If it exceeds 50000 ppm, the quality of the diamond deteriorates and peeling tends to occur.

本発明では、フィルター機能を有しつつ、電極としても使用可能な基板であり、導電性ダイヤモンド層中の応力を低減することで、電気化学的酸化処理過程においても、導電性ダイヤモンド層と基板との間での剥離が起こらないようにすることができる。したがって、本発明のダイヤモンド被覆基板は、フィルターとしても使用可能であり、電極として使用した場合でも、基板と導電性ダイヤモンド層との間で剥離を防ぐことができる。   In the present invention, it is a substrate that can be used as an electrode while having a filter function, and by reducing the stress in the conductive diamond layer, the conductive diamond layer and the substrate can be used in an electrochemical oxidation process. It is possible to prevent separation between the two. Therefore, the diamond-coated substrate of the present invention can be used as a filter, and even when used as an electrode, peeling between the substrate and the conductive diamond layer can be prevented.

ダイヤモンド電極となる導電性ダイヤモンド層を成膜する基板は、多孔質基板を使用する。例えば、開気孔径が0.1μm〜1000μmであるものを使用する。
上記の基板上に導電性ダイヤモンド層を成膜する。前処理として、ダイヤモンドパウダーを用いたスクラッチング処理や、超音波処理により種付けを行い、成膜を行う。導電性ダイヤモンドの合成方法は気相合成であることが好ましい。その中でも熱フィラメントCVD法やプラズマCVD法を用いることが好ましい。水素ガスと、炭素含有ガス例えば、メタンを導入し合成する。水素:メタンの比率は、0.2%〜5%の範囲であることが好ましい。0.2%未満であると、炭素源が少なすぎるため成膜に時間がかかってしまう。5%を超えると、炭素源が多すぎるためにダイヤモンドの品質を下げることとなる。導電性を付与するためには、硼素、リン、窒素などを不純物として添加する。
A porous substrate is used as a substrate on which a conductive diamond layer to be a diamond electrode is formed. For example, those having an open pore diameter of 0.1 μm to 1000 μm are used.
A conductive diamond layer is formed on the substrate. As pretreatment, film formation is performed by performing seeding by scratching using diamond powder or ultrasonic treatment. The method for synthesizing the conductive diamond is preferably gas phase synthesis. Among them, it is preferable to use a hot filament CVD method or a plasma CVD method. Hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas such as methane are introduced and synthesized. The hydrogen: methane ratio is preferably in the range of 0.2% to 5%. If it is less than 0.2%, the film formation takes time because the carbon source is too small. If it exceeds 5%, the quality of diamond will be lowered because there are too many carbon sources. In order to impart conductivity, boron, phosphorus, nitrogen, or the like is added as an impurity.

以上のようにして作製したダイヤモンド被覆基板について、溶液の濾過、電気化学的酸化処理を行うことで耐久性を試験した。電気化学的酸化処理を行う方法は、例えば、1mol/リットルの硫酸水溶液を満たした容器の中に、ダイヤモンド電極一枚、または二枚を入れる。一枚の場合には対極に適当な電極材料、例えば白金、カーボンなどを入れる。電極同士は10mm程度離して固定し、給電を行う。条件は0.1A〜1.0A/cmの電流が流れる状態で行う。 The diamond-coated substrate produced as described above was tested for durability by performing filtration of the solution and electrochemical oxidation treatment. As a method for performing the electrochemical oxidation treatment, for example, one or two diamond electrodes are put in a container filled with a 1 mol / liter sulfuric acid aqueous solution. In the case of a single sheet, an appropriate electrode material such as platinum or carbon is put in the counter electrode. The electrodes are fixed with a distance of about 10 mm to supply power. The conditions are such that a current of 0.1 A to 1.0 A / cm 2 flows.

以下具体的な実施例に基いて本発明を具体的に説明する。
(実施例1)
表1に示す基板を用いて、導電性ダイヤモンド層を成膜した。基板の開気孔径は1μm程度のものを使用した。前処理としてダイヤモンド粉末を用いてスクラッチ処理、もしくはダイヤモンド粉末を分散させた溶液中での超音波処理を施した。ダイヤモンド粉末の大きさは0.2μm〜3.0μmと変化させた。
The present invention will be specifically described below based on specific examples.
Example 1
Using the substrate shown in Table 1, a conductive diamond layer was formed. The open pore diameter of the substrate was about 1 μm. As a pretreatment, scratch treatment was performed using diamond powder, or ultrasonic treatment was performed in a solution in which diamond powder was dispersed. The size of the diamond powder was changed from 0.2 μm to 3.0 μm.

熱フィラメントCVD法での合成は、ガス圧60Torrとし、水素流量を3000sccm、メタン流量を0.5〜5.0sccmの範囲とした。また、硼素源としてジボランガスとした。流量はメタンに対して、0.2〜1.0%の範囲の濃度で供給した。基板の温度は、700〜1000℃とした。またマイクロ波CVD法の場合は、マイクロ波周波数2.4GHz、マイクロ波出力を5kWとした。いずれも、10ppm〜10000ppmの範囲にある硼素を含んでいた。   In the synthesis by the hot filament CVD method, the gas pressure was 60 Torr, the hydrogen flow rate was 3000 sccm, and the methane flow rate was in the range of 0.5 to 5.0 sccm. Further, diborane gas was used as the boron source. The flow rate was supplied at a concentration ranging from 0.2 to 1.0% with respect to methane. The temperature of the substrate was 700 to 1000 ° C. In the case of the microwave CVD method, the microwave frequency was 2.4 GHz and the microwave output was 5 kW. All contained boron in the range of 10 ppm to 10000 ppm.

表1に示すように、メタン流量、前処理でのダイヤモンド種付け方法を変えることで、核発生密度を変化させた。それぞれ30min成膜した後、核発生密度を測定した。その後更に成膜を行い、ダイヤモンド被覆面積を測定した。ダイヤモンド被覆基板を電極として使用し、電気化学的酸化処理を行い、剥離がないものを○、剥離や基板の割れが発生し、電気化学的酸化処理を続行できなくなったものを×として示した。電気化学的酸化処理は1mol/リットルの硫酸水溶液を満たした容器の中に、ダイヤモンド電極を陽極、陰極の両方に使用した。電極同士は10mm離して固定し、給電を行った。条件は1.0A/cmの電流が流れる状態で、100時間行った。 As shown in Table 1, the nucleation density was changed by changing the methane flow rate and the diamond seeding method in the pretreatment. After forming each film for 30 minutes, the nucleation density was measured. Thereafter, a film was further formed, and the diamond coating area was measured. A diamond-coated substrate was used as an electrode, and an electrochemical oxidation treatment was performed. The case where there was no peeling was shown as ◯, and the case where peeling or substrate cracking occurred and the electrochemical oxidation treatment could not be continued was shown as x. In the electrochemical oxidation treatment, a diamond electrode was used for both the anode and the cathode in a container filled with a 1 mol / liter sulfuric acid aqueous solution. The electrodes were fixed 10 mm apart and fed. The conditions were 100 hours with a current of 1.0 A / cm 2 flowing.

Figure 2007084892
Figure 2007084892

No.1−1のようにダイヤモンドが連続している部分の最大面積が1μmより小さいものは、結晶性の悪いダイヤモンドが生成され、表面に異物が付着することにより、電解試験が続行できなくなった。No.1−2,1−3のようにダイヤモンドが連続している部分の最大面積が1μm以上1000μm以下のものは、フィルターとしての濾過機能を有し、電極として使用した場合でも、多孔質基板と導電性ダイヤモンド層との間に剥離は起こらなかった。しかし、No.1−3及び1−4の様に導電性ダイヤモンドが連続している部分の最大面積が1000μmより大きいものは、電極として使用した場合に、多孔質基板と導電性ダイヤモンド層との間で剥離が起こった。 When the maximum area of the diamond continuous portion is less than 1 μm 2 as in No. 1-1, diamond with poor crystallinity is generated and foreign matter adheres to the surface, making it impossible to continue the electrolytic test. It was. No. 1-2, 1-3, where the maximum area of the continuous diamond is 1 μm 2 or more and 1000 μm 2 or less has a filtering function as a filter and is porous even when used as an electrode. No peeling occurred between the porous substrate and the conductive diamond layer. However, as in No. 1-3 and 1-4, when the maximum area of the continuous conductive diamond portion is larger than 1000 μm 2 , when used as an electrode, the porous substrate, the conductive diamond layer, Peeling occurred between.

(実施例2)
表2に示すように開気孔径を変化させた多孔質基板上に、導電性ダイヤモンドの成膜を行った。作製したダイヤモンド被覆基板を用いて、基板の片側方向から溶液を供給し、反対側へ溶液が送られるようにポンプを用いて溶液を循環させた。溶液には0.1Mの硫酸溶液に、トリクロロエチレン、アセトンを含む有機性混合溶液とダイヤモンドパウダーを含みヘドロ状となった沈殿物を混合したものを使用した。この溶液の濾過処理を行いながら、電気化学的酸化処理を同時に行った。まず、溶液を循環させ溶液の濾過を4時間行った。
(Example 2)
As shown in Table 2, a conductive diamond film was formed on a porous substrate in which the open pore diameter was changed. Using the produced diamond-coated substrate, the solution was supplied from one side of the substrate, and the solution was circulated using a pump so that the solution was sent to the opposite side. As the solution, a 0.1 M sulfuric acid solution mixed with an organic mixed solution containing trichlorethylene and acetone and a sludge-like precipitate containing diamond powder was used. While the solution was filtered, an electrochemical oxidation treatment was simultaneously performed. First, the solution was circulated and the solution was filtered for 4 hours.

Figure 2007084892
Figure 2007084892

No.2−1では開気孔径の最大値が0.1μmより小さく、ダイヤモンド成膜時にダイヤモンドにより多孔質基板が目詰まりを起こし溶液が流れなくなった。No.2−2及び2−3のように、多孔質基板の開気孔径が0.1μm以上1000μm以下の範囲にあるものは、溶液の通過も継続的に可能となった。No.2−4のように開気孔径の最大値が1000μmより大きい場合には、試験開始後すぐに基板が割れてしまい、試験を続行することが不可能となった。   In No. 2-1, the maximum value of the open pore diameter was smaller than 0.1 μm, and when the diamond film was formed, the porous substrate was clogged by diamond and the solution did not flow. As in Nos. 2-2 and 2-3, when the open pore diameter of the porous substrate is in the range of 0.1 μm or more and 1000 μm or less, the solution can be continuously passed through. When the maximum value of the open pore diameter was larger than 1000 μm as in No. 2-4, the substrate was cracked immediately after the start of the test, making it impossible to continue the test.

(実施例3)
表3に示すように基板材質を変えた多孔質基板上に導電性ダイヤモンドを成膜した。実施例1と同様に電気化学的酸化処理を行った。処理時に、基板の腐食が起こったものを×、起こらなかったものを○とした。また電気化学的酸化処理を更に電流密度1.5A/cm2とし100時間続けた。(これを電解処理2とする)基板とダイヤモンド膜との間で剥離が起こったものを×、起こらなかったものを○とした。

Figure 2007084892
(Example 3)
As shown in Table 3, conductive diamond was formed on a porous substrate having a different substrate material. The electrochemical oxidation treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. In the treatment, the case where the corrosion of the substrate occurred was indicated as x, and the case where the substrate did not occur was indicated as ◯. The electrochemical oxidation treatment was further continued for 100 hours at a current density of 1.5 A / cm 2 . (This is referred to as “electrolytic treatment 2”) “X” indicates that peeling occurred between the substrate and the diamond film, and “◯” indicates that peeling did not occur.
Figure 2007084892

No.3−1〜3−6の基板材質のものは、電気化学的酸化処理を行った際にも安定して処理を行うことができた。それ以外のNo.3−7及び3−8では、導電性ダイヤモンド層が被覆されておらず、基板が直接溶液と触れる部分で、腐食が起こり、基板が割れてしまい処理が続行不可能となった。   The substrate materials No. 3-1 to 3-6 could be stably processed even when the electrochemical oxidation treatment was performed. In the other Nos. 3-7 and 3-8, the conductive diamond layer is not coated, and corrosion occurs at the portion where the substrate is in direct contact with the solution, the substrate is cracked, and the processing cannot be continued. It was.

(比較例1)
不純物として硼素を含まない以外は実施例1と同じ条件で、熱フィラメントCVD法によって導電性ダイヤモンド膜の成膜を行った。この成膜時に、ジボランガスを流さず、導電性ダイヤモンド層がカーボンを不純物として含むようにし、導電性を持たせた。しかし、電気分解処理中にカーボンが腐食されることにより、導電性ダイヤモンド層と基板との密着力が悪くなり、剥離することにより、電解処理が継続できなくなった。
(Comparative Example 1)
A conductive diamond film was formed by hot filament CVD under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that boron was not included as an impurity. During the film formation, no diborane gas was allowed to flow, and the conductive diamond layer contained carbon as an impurity so as to have conductivity. However, the carbon is corroded during the electrolysis treatment, so that the adhesion between the conductive diamond layer and the substrate is deteriorated, and the electrolytic treatment cannot be continued by peeling.

(比較例2)
不純物としての硼素の含有量を変更した以外は実施例1と同じ条件で、熱フィラメントCVD法によって導電性ダイヤモンド膜の成膜を行った。この成膜時に、流す硼素を含むガスの量を調節し、導電性ダイヤモンド層が含む硼素量を0.9ppm、1000ppm、60000ppmとなるように作製した。含有量1000ppmのダイヤモンド電極に比べ、含有量0.9ppmの電極は、ダイヤモンド膜の電気抵抗が高く、電気分解処理の際の電力効率が悪くなった。60000ppmのものは、ダイヤモンドの品質が悪くなり、電気分解処理中に不純物が電極表面に付着し、電気効率が悪くなった。

(Comparative Example 2)
A conductive diamond film was formed by hot filament CVD under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the content of boron as an impurity was changed. During this film formation, the amount of boron-containing gas was adjusted so that the amount of boron contained in the conductive diamond layer was 0.9 ppm, 1000 ppm, and 60000 ppm. Compared to a diamond electrode with a content of 1000 ppm, an electrode with a content of 0.9 ppm has a high electrical resistance of the diamond film, and the power efficiency during the electrolysis treatment is poor. In the case of 60000 ppm, the quality of diamond deteriorated, and impurities adhered to the electrode surface during the electrolysis treatment, resulting in poor electrical efficiency.

Claims (8)

基板および該基板に被覆したダイヤモンド層からなり、該基板が多孔質で開気孔を有し、該ダイヤモンド層を構成するダイヤモンドの連続している部分の最大面積が1μm以上1000μm以下であることを特徴とするダイヤモンド被覆基板。 It consists of a substrate and a diamond layer coated on the substrate, the substrate is porous and has open pores, and the maximum area of the continuous diamond portion constituting the diamond layer is 1 μm 2 or more and 1000 μm 2 or less. A diamond-coated substrate characterized by 前記ダイヤモンド層が導電性を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のダイヤモンド被覆基板。 The diamond-coated substrate according to claim 1, wherein the diamond layer has conductivity. 前記多孔質基板の開気孔径が0.1μm〜1000μmであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のダイヤモンド被覆基板。 The diamond-coated substrate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the porous substrate has an open pore diameter of 0.1 µm to 1000 µm. 前記多孔質基板の材質が、Al、Ta、Nb、Hf、Zr、Znであることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか一に記載のダイヤモンド被覆基板。 The diamond-coated substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a material of the porous substrate is Al, Ta, Nb, Hf, Zr, or Zn. 前記ダイヤモンド層が、硼素、リン、窒素のうち一つ以上を不純物として含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか一に記載のダイヤモンド被覆基板。 The diamond-coated substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the diamond layer contains one or more of boron, phosphorus, and nitrogen as impurities. 前記導電性ダイヤモンド層が、1ppm〜50000ppmの範囲にある硼素を含有することを特徴とする請求項5に記載のダイヤモンド被覆基板。 6. The diamond-coated substrate according to claim 5, wherein the conductive diamond layer contains boron in a range of 1 ppm to 50000 ppm. 請求項1〜6のいずれか一に記載のダイヤモンド被覆基板を用いることを特徴とする濾過フィルター。 A filtration filter using the diamond-coated substrate according to claim 1. 請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のダイヤモンド被覆基板及び/または請求項7に記載の濾過フィルターを陽極及び/または陰極として用いることを特徴とする電極。

An electrode using the diamond-coated substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and / or the filtration filter according to claim 7 as an anode and / or a cathode.

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