JP2007082463A - Edible foaming agent and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an edible foaming agent having a good dispersing property even when the temperature of a dough is low, making stable formation of air bubbles each having a moderate size in the dough, and excellent in palate feeling, flavor, melting feeling in the mouth and the like so as to produce air bubble-containing food such as cakes. <P>SOLUTION: The edible foaming agent comprises O/W-type emulsified substance, contains sugar alcohol, lecithin as an emulsifying agent, sucrose fatty acid ester and glycerine fatty acid monoester, wherein the emulsified oil and fat grains have two granular-diameter distributions comprising a granular-diameter distribution having its peak at <5 μm, and that having its peak at 5-20 μm. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an edible foaming agent used when producing a bubble-containing food such as sponge cake, and can stabilize bubbles in a dough to form bubbles of an appropriate size, texture, flavor, The present invention relates to an edible foaming agent capable of obtaining a bubble-containing food that melts well in the mouth.

  The foam structure of cakes such as sponge cakes and pound cakes is formed by using the foaming power of eggs, but the foaming structure influences the quality of the cake's texture and volume. A foaming agent is added to the dough to increase the air flow and stabilize the bubbles. As this type of foaming agent, a foaming agent (Patent Document 1) consisting of an oil-in-water emulsion containing glycerin fatty acid ester and sucrose fatty acid ester of HLB7 or higher in a specific ratio, sucrose fatty acid ester, and HLB9 or higher A polyglycerin fatty acid ester in a specific ratio and a foaming agent (Patent Document 2) comprising an oil-in-water emulsion having an average emulsion particle size of 3 to 15 μm, a glycerin fatty acid monoester, a sucrose fatty acid ester of HLB7 or higher, The foaming agent (patent document 3) etc. which consist of an oil-in-water type emulsion which contains organic monoglyceride and / or polyglycerol fatty acid ester in a specific ratio are proposed.

JP-A-6-339340 JP-A-9-201160 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-327597

  However, the foaming agent described in Patent Document 1 has a risk that the texture of the cake is impaired because the texture of the cake becomes too fine because the bubbles are too fine. In addition, the foaming agent described in Patent Document 2 has a problem that workability is poor because the whipping time is not constant, and the foaming agent described in Patent Document 3 also has a problem that the whipping time is not constant, There was a problem of poor dispersion in the dough at low temperatures. Even when the above-mentioned foaming agent is used, eggs are often added to the cake dough in order to enhance the flavor of the cakes. However, adding low-temperature eggs stored in the refrigerator to the dough will lower the dough temperature, resulting in lower dough viscosity and poor foaming dispersion, and longer mixing time will result in gluten in the flour. There are problems such as elution and whispering on the cake, and the cake has a fine color and becomes a cake with a poor color. For this reason, there has been a problem that complicated work such as temperature adjustment is required so that the dough temperature does not decrease.

  As a result of diligent research to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found that an oil-in-water emulsion in which oil and fat particles are emulsified and dispersed so as to have two particle size distributions can solve the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art. The present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention
(1) O / W type emulsion, comprising sugar alcohol, lecithin, sucrose fatty acid ester and glycerin fatty acid monoester as emulsifiers, and the emulsified fat particles have an apex of less than 5 μm And an edible foaming agent characterized by having two particle size distributions having a particle size distribution having an apex at 5 μm or more and 20 μm or less,
(2) The edible foaming agent according to (1), which further contains propylene glycol fatty acid ester and / or polyglycerin fatty acid ester as an emulsifier,
(3) Sugar alcohol and lecithin, glycerin fatty acid monoester, sucrose fatty acid ester as an emulsifier, a sugar phase of 60 or more water phase containing 60 to 80 ° C., an oil phase of 60 to 80 ° C. is added to this water phase, Emulsified and held, then heated and held at 80 to 100 ° C., and then cooled, a method for producing an edible foaming agent,
Is the gist.

  The edible foaming agent of the present invention exhibits excellent foaming properties even when the amount added to the cake dough is small, and has good dispersibility in the dough having a low viscosity at a low temperature. The productivity can be improved because the mixing time can be made constant. The dough obtained using the edible foaming agent of the present invention has good stability such that air bleed or dough separation is unlikely to occur. Cakes having an egg flavor and excellent texture and melting feeling can be obtained.

  Examples of edible fats and oils used in the edible foaming agent of the present invention include vegetable oils such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, corn oil, safflower oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, olive oil, rice bran oil, fish oil, beef tallow, pork Examples thereof include animal oils and fats such as fats, transesterified oils of vegetable oils and animal fats and oils, animal and vegetable oils and fats, hydrogenated hydrogenated oils, and the like. The said edible fats and oils can be used 1 type or in mixture of 2 or more types. As edible oils and fats, vegetable oils such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, corn oil, safflower oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, olive oil, rice bran oil and the like which are liquid at normal temperature are preferable.

  The foaming agent of the present invention has two particle size distributions, ie, a particle size distribution in which oil and fat particles emulsified in an oil-in-water type have an apex at less than 5 μm and a particle size distribution with an apex at 5 μm or more and 20 μm or less. It is necessary to be dispersed with a particle size distribution having a particle size distribution having an apex at less than 1 to 3 μm and a particle size distribution having an apex at 8 μm to 15 μm. When the emulsified fat and oil particles have only one particle size distribution, or when one or both vertices are out of the above range even if they have two particle size distributions, the mixing time is constant. The texture of the cake is not too fine or too coarse, and in some cases it may be accompanied by the formation of wicks. The particle size distribution of the foaming agent is measured using SHIMADZU SALD2100 (laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device), the foaming agent is dispersed in ion-exchanged water, and the refractive index is 1.50 to 0.10i. Good to do.

  Examples of the sugar alcohol used in the foaming agent of the present invention include sorbitol, erythritol, mannitol, xylitol, maltitol, lactitol, paranit, reduced starch syrup and the like. Of these sugar alcohols, sorbitol is preferred.

  The foaming agent of the present invention comprises 10-50% by weight of the above sugar alcohol, 0.1-2.0% by weight of lecithin, 3.0-4.0% by weight of sucrose fatty acid ester, and 2 of glycerin fatty acid monoester. It is preferable to contain -9 weight%. If the amount of sugar alcohol or emulsifier is out of the above range, the emulsified size becomes too small, the dispersibility becomes worse, and the emulsified product becomes difficult to disperse in the cake dough, so the mixing time becomes longer and the cake eyes become finer There is a risk that the texture of the cake will be whispered or sticky. Further, the foaming agent of the present invention preferably has a sugar concentration of 60 or more. When the sugar concentration is less than 60, it is difficult to maintain two particle size distributions. The sugar concentration is a value measured with a sugar concentration meter. As lecithin used as an emulsifier, among these lecithins including enzyme-treated lecithin, enzyme-decomposed lecithin, soybean lecithin, egg yolk lecithin and the like, soybean lecithin and egg yolk lecithin are particularly preferable. Examples of the sucrose fatty acid ester include myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid as the main constituent fatty acids. Of these, stearic acid is preferred for stabilizing the bubbles. Examples of glycerin fatty acid monoesters include monoesters of fatty acids such as myristic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid, and glycerin, which are the main constituent fatty acids, but the monoester of palmitic acid and stearic acid stabilizes bubbles. Is preferable.

  The foaming agent of the present invention preferably contains propylene glycol fatty acid ester and / or polyglycerin fatty acid ester as an emulsifier in addition to the above emulsifiers, from the viewpoint of improving emulsifying properties, physical properties and texture of the emulsion. . As propylene glycol fatty acid esters, constituent fatty acids mainly include behenic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, myristic acid and the like. Of these, behenic acid is preferred. The polyglycerin fatty acid ester preferably has an esterification degree of 1 to 10, and examples of constituent fatty acids include lauric acid, myristic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, and the like. Moreover, the range of 2-10 is mentioned as a polymerization degree of glycerol. Of these, monostearic acid decaglycerin is preferred. Two or more of propylene glycol fatty acid esters and polyglycerin fatty acid esters can be used in combination. When using propylene glycol fatty acid ester and / or polyglycerin fatty acid ester, the proportion of propylene glycol fatty acid ester is preferably 2.4 to 4.0% by weight, and polyglycerin fatty acid ester 0.5 to 2.0% by weight. .

  The foaming agent of the present invention may further contain a thickening polysaccharide, a coloring agent, a fragrance, and the like as necessary in addition to the above components. The ratio of these components in the foaming agent is preferably such that foamability and texture are not impaired.

  In the foaming agent of the present invention, an aqueous phase having a sugar concentration of 60 or more containing sugar alcohol, lecithin, glycerin fatty acid monoester and sucrose fatty acid ester is brought to 60 to 80 ° C., and an oil phase of 60 to 80 ° C. is added thereto. And then emulsified and held in an oil-in-water type, and then heated to 80 to 100 ° C. and then cooled. The aqueous phase is preferably maintained at 60 to 80 ° C. for 10 to 30 minutes. Moreover, after emulsifying in an oil-in-water type, it is preferable to hold | maintain at 80-100 degreeC for 10 minutes-30 minutes. When a propylene glycol fatty acid ester or a polyglycerin fatty acid ester is further used as an emulsifier in the production of the foaming agent, it is preferable to add the propylene glycol fatty acid ester into the oil phase and the polyglycerin fatty acid ester into the aqueous phase. When producing an oil-in-water emulsion using lecithin as an emulsifier, conventionally, lecithin is added to the oil phase for emulsification, but in the present invention, the sugar concentration containing sugar alcohol is used as the aqueous phase to which lecithin is added. By using 60 or more aqueous phases, an emulsion having two stable particle size distributions can be obtained. When emulsifying the oil phase in the aqueous phase, a propeller stirring type emulsifier or the like is used. In addition, a botator, a combinator, a perfector, or the like is used to cool the emulsion after raising the temperature.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
Examples 1-6
Based on the formulation shown in Table 1, an aqueous sugar alcohol aqueous solution was prepared at room temperature, and then an aqueous emulsifier was added. Thereafter, the temperature was raised, and in the temperature range of 62 ° C. to 67 ° C., an oil phase was added to emulsify in an oil-in-water type and held for 10 minutes, and emulsification was performed using propeller stirring. Next, the temperature was increased from 90 ° C. to 95 ° C. at a rate of 1 ° C. to 3 ° C./min and held for 10 minutes to 20 minutes to adjust the emulsified size. . The particle size distribution of the fat and oil particles in the obtained emulsion was measured using a SHIMADZU SALD2100 (laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device), and the foaming agent was dispersed in ion-exchanged water to have a refractive index of 1.50-0.10i. When the measurement was performed under the above conditions, it had two particle size distributions. Table 3 shows the particle size corresponding to the peak of each particle size distribution.

Each emulsifier used in Table 1 is as follows.
Glycerin fatty acid monoester: Emergy MS made by Riken Vitamin
Sucrose fatty acid ester: Ryoto Sugar Ester S1170 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Foods
Polyglycerin fatty acid ester: Sunsoft Q18S manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku
Lecithin: Ultrameck P manufactured by ADM Far East
Propylene glycol fatty acid ester: Rikenmar PB-100 manufactured by Riken Vitamin

Comparative Examples 1-4
Based on the formulation shown in Table 2, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 prepared an aqueous sugar alcohol solution at room temperature, and then added an emulsifier to prepare an aqueous phase part. In Comparative Example 4, a reduced starch saccharified aqueous solution was prepared at room temperature, and then an emulsifier was added to prepare an aqueous phase part. However, Comparative Example 1 did not add sucrose fatty acid ester, Comparative Example 2 did not add glycerin fatty acid monoester, and Comparative Example 3 prepared an aqueous phase part without adding lecithin. Next, the temperature of the aqueous phase was raised, and in the temperature range of 62 ° C. to 67 ° C., the oil phase was added with propeller stirring and held for 10 minutes to emulsify into an oil-in-water type. Next, the emulsion is heated to 90 to 95 ° C. at a temperature rising rate of 1 ° C. to 3 ° C./min and held for 10 to 20 minutes to adjust the emulsified size. Cooled down. In Comparative Example 1, an emulsion was not obtained, and for Comparative Examples 2 to 4 in which an emulsion was obtained, the particle size distribution of the fat and oil particles was measured using a SHIMADZU SALD2100 (laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device), and a foaming agent was used. When dispersed in ion-exchanged water and measured under the conditions of refractive index: 1.50-0.10i, it had two particle size distributions. Table 3 shows the particle size corresponding to the peak of each particle size distribution.

(Table 2)

The emulsifiers used in Table 2 are as follows.
Glycerin fatty acid monoester: Emergy MS made by Riken Vitamin
Sucrose fatty acid ester: Ryoto Sugar Ester S1170 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Foods
Polyglycerin fatty acid ester: Sunsoft Q18S manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku
Lecithin: Ultrameck P manufactured by ADM Far East
Propylene glycol fatty acid ester: Rikenmar PB-100 manufactured by Riken Vitamin

(Table 3)

Sponge cakes were fired under the following formulation and conditions using the emulsions of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 2 to 4 as foaming agents.
Sponge cake formulation Soft flour 100 parts by weight Sugar 110 parts by weight Whole egg 160 parts by weight Water 25 parts by weight Baking powder 1 part by weight Foaming agent 12 parts by weight Using a 20-quarter mixer ball and stirring blades in a Kanto mixer, all-in After mixing at low speed for 15 seconds, it was prepared by whipping at medium to high speed until the dough specific gravity reached 0.45. The obtained dough was filled in 500 g in a No. 7 deco mold and baked in an oven at 160 ° C. for 40 minutes. Dispersibility of the foaming agents of Examples 1 to 6 into the dough, whipping time, evaluation of the obtained sponge cake in Table 4, dispersibility of the foaming agents of Comparative Examples 2 to 4 into the dough, whipping time, The evaluation of the obtained sponge cake is shown in Table 5.

(Table 4)

(Table 5)

Dispersibility in the dough When the temperature of the raw materials other than the foaming agent is 5 ° C and the dough is made by the all-in-mix method,
○ ・ ・ Disperses in the dough within 1 minute.
× ·· Dispersion takes 1 minute or more.
As evaluated.

Whipping time The whipping time was defined as the total time required to start the preparation of all the dough into the mixer ball, stir at low speed for 15 seconds, and then whip at medium to high speed to reach 0.45.

The taste of sponge cake and melting in the mouth were evaluated by 10 panelists according to the following criteria.
The evaluation was made so that each person was not influenced by the evaluation of others. Each item was evaluated in four stages (3 points, 2 points, 1 point, 0 points).
Sponge cake flavor 3 points ・ ・ The taste of egg is very good and there is no emulsifier.
2 points ... The taste of the egg is coming out and there is no taste of the emulsifier.
1 point ・ ・ No egg taste, but no emulsifier taste.
0 points. ・ No egg taste and emulsifier taste.
Sponge cake melts in the mouth 3 points ... The dough melts quickly from the mouth 2 points ... The dough has no stickiness and melts out of the mouth.
1 point ... The dough melts away from the mouth.
0 points ... The dough is sticky and will always exist in the mouth.
As the evaluation standard, 25 or more points were evaluated as ◎, 20 to 24 points as ◯, 15 to 19 points as Δ, and 14 points or less = ×.

State of inner phase The sponge cake was cut in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, the cut surfaces were visually observed to confirm the inner phase state, and the evaluation was performed according to the following criteria.
◎ ・ ・ Texture opens uniformly, yellow ○ ・ ・ Texture is relatively fine, yellowish pale △ ・ ・ Texture is very fine and white × ・ ・ Texture is broken and there is no commercial value

Claims (3)

O / W type emulsion, comprising sugar alcohol and lecithin, sucrose fatty acid ester and glycerin fatty acid monoester as emulsifiers, and the emulsified fat particles have a particle size distribution having a peak at less than 5 μm and 5 μm As described above, an edible foaming agent having two particle size distributions having a particle size distribution having an apex of 20 μm or less. The edible foaming agent according to claim 1, further comprising propylene glycol fatty acid ester and / or polyglycerin fatty acid ester as an emulsifier. The aqueous phase containing sugar alcohol and lecithin, glycerin fatty acid monoester, sucrose fatty acid ester as an emulsifier and having a sugar concentration of 60 or more is adjusted to 60 to 80 ° C., and an oil phase of 60 to 80 ° C. is added to the aqueous phase and emulsified. A method for producing an edible foaming agent, comprising: holding, then raising the temperature and holding at 80 to 100 ° C., followed by cooling.