JP2007077019A - Fuel reforming apparatus - Google Patents

Fuel reforming apparatus Download PDF

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JP2007077019A
JP2007077019A JP2006307162A JP2006307162A JP2007077019A JP 2007077019 A JP2007077019 A JP 2007077019A JP 2006307162 A JP2006307162 A JP 2006307162A JP 2006307162 A JP2006307162 A JP 2006307162A JP 2007077019 A JP2007077019 A JP 2007077019A
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desulfurizer
reformer
fuel
supplied
evaporator
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JP4494391B2 (en
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Shigenori Onuma
重徳 尾沼
Shigehiko Kubo
成彦 久保
Atsushi Takumi
厚至 工匠
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Toyota Motor Corp
Aisin Corp
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Aisin Seiki Co Ltd
Toyota Motor Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the degradation of the performance of a desulfurizer to be damaged by moisture in a fuel reforming apparatus provided with a vaporizer vaporizing water and producing steam, the desulfurizer for removing sulfur contained in a fuel gas to supply the fuel gas in which sulfur is removed and a reformer to which the steam produced in the vaporizer and the fuel gas supplied from the desulfurizer after sulfur is removed are supplied as reforming raw materials. <P>SOLUTION: In the fuel reforming apparatus provided with the vaporizer 1 vaporizing water and producing steam, the desulfurizer 2 for removing sulfur contained in a town gas as the fuel gas to supply the town gas in which sulfur is removed and the reformer 3 to which the steam produced in the vaporizer and the town gas supplied from the desulfurizer after sulfur is removed are supplied. A solenoid valve 51 opening- and closing-acting corresponding to an electrical input as a valve means 5 for blocking the supply of the steam produced by the vaporizer 1 to the desulfurizer 2 is arranged in a pipe line 4 communicating the desulfurizer 2 with the reformer 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、水を蒸発させ水蒸気を生成する蒸発器と、燃料ガスに含まれる硫黄分を除去して硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスを供給する脱硫器と、蒸発器が生成した水蒸気と脱硫器が供給する硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスとを改質原料として供給される改質器とを備えた燃料改質装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an evaporator for evaporating water to generate water vapor, a desulfurizer for supplying fuel gas from which sulfur content is removed by removing sulfur contained in fuel gas, and water vapor and desulfurizer generated by the evaporator The present invention relates to a fuel reformer provided with a reformer that is supplied with a fuel gas from which sulfur is removed as a reforming raw material.


従来の燃料電池用燃料改質装置（特開平７−２５４４２６）は、図４に示されるように水を蒸発させ水蒸気を生成する蒸発器１と、燃料ガスに含まれる硫黄分を除去して硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスを供給する脱硫器２と、蒸発器１が生成した水蒸気と脱硫器２が供給する硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスとを改質原料として供給される改質器３とを備え、前記蒸発器１によって生成された水蒸気と前記脱硫器２によって硫黄分が除去された燃料としての燃料ガスがそれぞれの供給配管４１、４２および合流配管４３を介して前記改質器３に供給され、燃料改質が行われるものであった。
特開平７−２５４４２６号公報
A conventional fuel cell fuel reformer (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-254426) includes an evaporator 1 that evaporates water to generate water vapor as shown in FIG. 4, and sulfur by removing sulfur contained in fuel gas. A desulfurizer 2 for supplying the fuel gas from which the components have been removed, and a reformer 3 to be supplied using the steam generated by the evaporator 1 and the fuel gas from which the sulfur content supplied by the desulfurizer 2 has been removed as a reforming raw material. The steam generated by the evaporator 1 and the fuel gas as the fuel from which the sulfur content has been removed by the desulfurizer 2 are supplied to the reformer 3 through the supply pipes 41 and 42 and the junction pipe 43, respectively. The fuel reforming was performed.
JP 7-254426 A

上記従来の燃料電池用燃料改質装置は、前記蒸発器１によって生成された水蒸気と前記脱硫器２によって硫黄分が除去された燃料としての燃料ガスがそれぞれの供給配管４１、４２および合流配管４３を介して前記改質器３に供給されるものであるため、前記蒸発器１および前記脱硫器２はそれぞれの供給配管４１、４２を介して連通しているので、前記蒸発器１によって生成された水蒸気が前記脱硫器２内に逆流し、水分をきらう前記脱硫器２の性能を低下させるという問題があった。   In the conventional fuel reformer for a fuel cell, the water vapor generated by the evaporator 1 and the fuel gas as the fuel from which the sulfur content has been removed by the desulfurizer 2 are respectively supplied to the supply pipes 41 and 42 and the junction pipe 43. Therefore, the evaporator 1 and the desulfurizer 2 communicate with each other via the supply pipes 41 and 42, so that they are generated by the evaporator 1. There was a problem that the performance of the desulfurizer 2 was reduced because the water vapor flowed back into the desulfurizer 2 to remove moisture.

すなわち前記脱硫器２の硫黄吸着材におけるガスに混入した水分の硫黄吸着量への影響を把握するために、硫黄吸着材における水分量と硫黄吸着量との関係を調査した結果を示す線図である図５に示されるように、硫黄吸着材における水分量が多いほど硫黄吸着量が低下するのである。
That is, in order to grasp the influence of the moisture mixed in the gas in the sulfur adsorbent of the desulfurizer 2 on the amount of sulfur adsorbed, it is a diagram showing the result of investigating the relationship between the amount of water and the amount of sulfur adsorbed in the sulfur adsorbent. As shown in FIG. 5, the amount of sulfur adsorption decreases as the amount of water in the sulfur adsorbent increases.

そこで本発明者は、水を蒸発させ水蒸気を生成する蒸発器と、燃料ガスに含まれる硫黄分を除去して硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスを供給する脱硫器と、蒸発器が生成した水蒸気と脱硫器が供給する硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスとを改質原料として供給される改質器とを備えた燃料改質装置において、前記脱硫器と前記改質器とを連絡する配管に、前記蒸発器によって生成された水蒸気が前記脱硫器に供給されることを阻止するという本発明の技術的思想に着眼し、更に研究開発を重ねた結果、水分をきらう前記脱硫器の性能の低下を防止するという目的を達成する本発明に到達した。   Therefore, the inventor of the present invention, an evaporator that evaporates water to generate water vapor, a desulfurizer that supplies a fuel gas from which sulfur content is removed by removing sulfur contained in the fuel gas, and water vapor generated by the evaporator, In a fuel reformer comprising a reformer supplied as a reforming raw material with a fuel gas from which sulfur content supplied by the desulfurizer is removed, a pipe connecting the desulfurizer and the reformer, Focusing on the technical idea of the present invention to prevent the water vapor generated by the evaporator from being supplied to the desulfurizer, and further research and development, it prevents the desulfurizer from degrading its performance to prevent moisture. The present invention has been achieved to achieve the purpose of.

本発明（請求項１に記載の第１発明）の燃料改質装置は、
水を蒸発させ水蒸気を生成する蒸発器と、燃料ガスに含まれる硫黄分を除去して硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスを供給する脱硫器と、前記蒸発器が生成した水蒸気と前記脱硫器が供給する硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスとを改質原料として供給される改質器とを備えた燃料改質装置において、
前記蒸発器が、供給された水を蒸発させて水蒸気を生成するが、かかる生成された水蒸気は、前記脱硫器と前記改質器とを連絡する配管に配設された弁手段によって、前記脱硫器に供給されることが阻止される
ものである。 The fuel reformer of the present invention (the first invention according to claim 1)
An evaporator that evaporates water to generate water vapor, a desulfurizer that supplies fuel gas from which sulfur content has been removed by removing sulfur contained in the fuel gas, and water vapor generated by the evaporator and the desulfurizer are supplied In a fuel reformer provided with a reformer that is supplied as a reforming raw material with a fuel gas from which sulfur content is removed,
The evaporator evaporates the supplied water to generate water vapor, and the generated water vapor is desulfurized by valve means disposed in a pipe connecting the desulfurizer and the reformer. It is prevented from being supplied to the vessel.

本発明（請求項２に記載の第２発明）の燃料改質装置は、
水を蒸発させ水蒸気を生成する蒸発器と、燃料ガスに含まれる硫黄分を除去して硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスを供給する脱硫器と、前記蒸発器が生成した水蒸気と前記脱硫器が供給する硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスとを改質原料として供給される改質器とを備えた燃料改質装置において、
前記蒸発器によって生成された水蒸気が前記脱硫器に供給されることを阻止する弁が、前記脱硫器と前記改質器とを連絡する配管のうち、前記蒸発器と前記改質器とを連絡する配管との合流箇所よりも前記脱硫器側に設けられた
ものである。 The fuel reformer of the present invention (the second invention according to claim 2)
An evaporator that evaporates water to generate water vapor, a desulfurizer that supplies fuel gas from which sulfur content has been removed by removing sulfur contained in the fuel gas, and water vapor generated by the evaporator and the desulfurizer are supplied In a fuel reformer provided with a reformer that is supplied as a reforming raw material with a fuel gas from which sulfur content is removed,
A valve for preventing the water vapor generated by the evaporator from being supplied to the desulfurizer communicates the evaporator and the reformer out of piping connecting the desulfurizer and the reformer. It is provided on the desulfurizer side with respect to the joining point with the piping to be performed.

本発明（請求項３に記載の第３発明）の燃料改質装置は、
水を蒸発させ水蒸気を生成する蒸発器と、燃料ガスに含まれる硫黄分を除去して硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスを供給する脱硫器と、前記蒸発器が生成した水蒸気と前記脱硫器が供給する硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスとを改質原料として供給される改質器とを備えた燃料改質装置において、
前記脱硫器に前記燃料ガスを供給する配管に設けられた弁と、
前記脱硫器と前記改質器とを連絡する配管に配設され、前記蒸発器によって生成された水蒸気が前記脱硫器に供給されることを阻止する弁と
を有するものである。 The fuel reformer of the present invention (the third invention according to claim 3)
An evaporator that evaporates water to generate water vapor, a desulfurizer that supplies fuel gas from which sulfur content has been removed by removing sulfur contained in the fuel gas, and water vapor generated by the evaporator and the desulfurizer are supplied In a fuel reformer provided with a reformer that is supplied as a reforming raw material with a fuel gas from which sulfur content is removed,
A valve provided in a pipe for supplying the fuel gas to the desulfurizer;
It has a valve that is disposed in a pipe that connects the desulfurizer and the reformer, and that prevents water vapor generated by the evaporator from being supplied to the desulfurizer.

本発明（請求項４に記載の第４発明）の燃料改質装置は、
前記第１発明乃至第３発明のいずれかにおいて、
前記改質器により生成された水素リッチガスは、燃料電池に排出される
ものである。 The fuel reformer of the present invention (the fourth invention according to claim 4)
In any one of the first to third inventions,
The hydrogen rich gas generated by the reformer is discharged to the fuel cell.

本発明（請求項５に記載の第５発明）の燃料改質装置は、
前記第１発明乃至第４発明のいずれかにおいて、
燃料ガスを燃焼する燃焼部をさらに有し、
前記燃焼部には、燃料ガスが前記脱硫器を介することなく供給される
ものである。 The fuel reformer of the present invention (the fifth invention according to claim 5)
In any one of the first to fourth inventions,
It further has a combustion part for burning fuel gas,
A fuel gas is supplied to the combustion section without passing through the desulfurizer.

本発明（請求項６に記載の第６発明）の燃料改質装置は、
前記第１発明乃至第５発明のいずれかにおいて、
前記脱硫器と前記改質器とを連絡する配管には、水蒸気が供給される配管のみが接続される
ものである。 The fuel reformer of the present invention (the sixth invention according to claim 6)
In any one of the first to fifth inventions,
Only piping for supplying water vapor is connected to piping connecting the desulfurizer and the reformer.

本発明の燃料改質装置は、
水を蒸発させ水蒸気を生成する蒸発器と、燃料ガスに含まれる硫黄分を除去して硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスを供給する脱硫器と、蒸発器が生成した水蒸気と脱硫器が供給する硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスとを改質原料として供給される改質器とを備えた燃料改質装置において、
前記脱硫器と前記改質器とを連絡する配管に、前記蒸発器によって生成された水蒸気が前記脱硫器に供給されることを阻止する弁手段を配設した
ものである。 The fuel reformer of the present invention comprises:
An evaporator that evaporates water to generate water vapor, a desulfurizer that supplies fuel gas from which sulfur content is removed by removing sulfur contained in the fuel gas, and water vapor generated by the evaporator and sulfur supplied by the desulfurizer In a fuel reformer comprising a reformer that is supplied as a reforming raw material with a fuel gas from which a component has been removed,
Valve means for preventing the water vapor generated by the evaporator from being supplied to the desulfurizer is disposed in a pipe connecting the desulfurizer and the reformer.

本発明の燃料改質装置は、
前記発明において、
前記弁手段が、電気的入力に従い開閉動作する電磁弁によって構成されているものである。 The fuel reformer of the present invention comprises:
In the invention,
The valve means is constituted by an electromagnetic valve that opens and closes according to an electrical input.

本発明の燃料改質装置は、
前記発明において、
前記電磁弁が、前記燃料改質装置の動作に応じてコントローラから出力されるコントロール信号によって開閉動作するように構成されている
ものである。 The fuel reformer of the present invention comprises:
In the invention,
The solenoid valve is configured to open and close by a control signal output from a controller in accordance with the operation of the fuel reformer.

本発明の燃料改質装置は、
前記発明において、
前記弁手段が、前記蒸発器が生成した水蒸気が脱硫器に逆流することを阻止する逆止弁によって構成されている
ものである。 The fuel reformer of the present invention comprises:
In the invention,
The valve means is constituted by a check valve that prevents water vapor generated by the evaporator from flowing back into the desulfurizer.

本発明の燃料改質装置は、
前記発明において、
前記弁手段が、前記蒸発器によって生成された水蒸気が前記脱硫器に供給されることを阻止する２連弁によって構成されている
ものである。 The fuel reformer of the present invention comprises:
In the invention,
The valve means is constituted by a double valve that prevents water vapor generated by the evaporator from being supplied to the desulfurizer.

上記構成より成る第１発明の燃料改質装置は、水を蒸発させ水蒸気を生成する蒸発器と、燃料ガスに含まれる硫黄分を除去して硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスを供給する脱硫器と、前記蒸発器が生成した水蒸気と前記脱硫器が供給する硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスとを改質原料として供給される改質器とを備えた燃料改質装置において、前記蒸発器が、供給された水を蒸発させて水蒸気を生成するが、かかる生成された水蒸気は、前記脱硫器と前記改質器とを連絡する配管に配設された前記弁手段によって、前記脱硫器に供給されることが阻止されるので、水分をきらう前記脱硫器の性能の低下を防止するという効果を奏する。   The fuel reformer of the first invention having the above-described configuration includes an evaporator that evaporates water to generate water vapor, a desulfurizer that removes sulfur contained in the fuel gas and supplies the fuel gas from which sulfur is removed, and The fuel reformer includes a reformer that is supplied with the steam generated by the evaporator and the fuel gas from which the sulfur content supplied by the desulfurizer is removed as a reforming raw material. The generated water is evaporated to generate water vapor, and the generated water vapor is supplied to the desulfurizer by the valve means provided in a pipe connecting the desulfurizer and the reformer. This prevents the deterioration of the performance of the desulfurizer that removes moisture.

上記構成より成る第２発明の燃料改質装置は、水を蒸発させ水蒸気を生成する蒸発器と、燃料ガスに含まれる硫黄分を除去して硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスを供給する脱硫器と、前記蒸発器が生成した水蒸気と前記脱硫器が供給する硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスとを改質原料として供給される改質器とを備えた燃料改質装置において、前記脱硫器と前記改質器とを連絡する配管のうち、前記蒸発器と前記改質器とを連絡する配管との合流箇所よりも前記脱硫器側に設けられた前記弁が、前記蒸発器によって生成された水蒸気が前記脱硫器に供給されることを阻止するので、水分をきらう前記脱硫器の性能の低下を防止するという効果を奏する。   The fuel reformer of the second invention having the above-described configuration includes an evaporator that evaporates water to generate water vapor, a desulfurizer that removes sulfur contained in the fuel gas and supplies fuel gas from which the sulfur is removed, and A fuel reformer comprising: a reformer that is supplied with steam generated by the evaporator and fuel gas from which sulfur content supplied by the desulfurizer is removed as a reforming raw material; and the desulfurizer and the reformer. Among the pipes that communicate with the gasifier, the valve provided on the desulfurizer side of the joining point of the pipe that communicates the evaporator and the reformer is the steam generated by the evaporator. Since it is prevented from being supplied to the desulfurizer, there is an effect of preventing the performance of the desulfurizer from deteriorating moisture.

上記構成より成る第３発明の燃料改質装置は、水を蒸発させ水蒸気を生成する蒸発器と、燃料ガスに含まれる硫黄分を除去して硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスを供給する脱硫器と、前記蒸発器が生成した水蒸気と前記脱硫器が供給する硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスとを改質原料として供給される改質器とを備えた燃料改質装置において、前記脱硫器と前記改質器とを連絡する配管に配設された前記弁が、前記蒸発器によって生成された水蒸気が前記脱硫器に供給されることを阻止するので、水分をきらう前記脱硫器の性能の低下を防止するという効果を奏する。   The fuel reformer of the third invention having the above-described configuration includes an evaporator that evaporates water to generate water vapor, a desulfurizer that removes sulfur contained in the fuel gas and supplies the fuel gas from which sulfur is removed, and A fuel reformer comprising: a reformer that is supplied with steam generated by the evaporator and fuel gas from which sulfur content supplied by the desulfurizer is removed as a reforming raw material; and the desulfurizer and the reformer. The valve disposed in the pipe communicating with the mass device prevents the water vapor generated by the evaporator from being supplied to the desulfurizer, thereby preventing the performance of the desulfurizer from deteriorating moisture. The effect of doing.

上記構成より成る第４発明の燃料改質装置は、前記第１発明乃至第３発明のいずれかにおいて、前記改質器により生成された水素リッチガスが、燃料電池に排出されるので、前記改質器により生成された水素リッチガスの排出を可能にするという効果を奏する。   In the fuel reformer of the fourth invention configured as described above, in any one of the first to third inventions, the hydrogen-rich gas generated by the reformer is discharged to the fuel cell. The hydrogen rich gas produced by the vessel can be discharged.

上記構成より成る第５発明の燃料改質装置は、前記第１発明乃至第４発明のいずれかにおいて、燃料ガスを燃焼する前記燃焼部には、燃料ガスが前記脱硫器を介することなく供給されるので、燃料ガスの脱硫を省略することが出来るという効果を奏する。   In the fuel reformer of the fifth invention having the above-described configuration, in any one of the first to fourth inventions, the fuel gas is supplied to the combustion section that burns the fuel gas without passing through the desulfurizer. Therefore, there is an effect that the desulfurization of the fuel gas can be omitted.

上記構成より成る第６発明の燃料改質装置は、前記第１発明乃至第５発明のいずれかにおいて、前記脱硫器と前記改質器とを連絡する配管には、水蒸気が供給される配管のみが接続されるので、水蒸気の供給制御のみでよいため、制御がシンプルであるという効果を奏する。   In the fuel reformer of the sixth invention having the above-described configuration, in any of the first to fifth inventions, only a pipe to which water vapor is supplied is connected to the pipe connecting the desulfurizer and the reformer. Since this is connected, it is only necessary to control the supply of water vapor, so that the control is simple.

上記構成より成る本発明の燃料改質装置は、水を蒸発させ水蒸気を生成する蒸発器と、燃料ガスに含まれる硫黄分を除去して硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスを供給する脱硫器と、蒸発器が生成した水蒸気と脱硫器が供給する硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスとを改質原料として供給される改質器とを備えた燃料改質装置において、前記脱硫器と前記改質器とを連絡する配管に配設された前記弁手段によって、前記蒸発器によって生成された水蒸気が前記脱硫器に供給されることを阻止するので、水分をきらう前記脱硫器の性能の低下を防止するという効果を奏する。 The fuel reformer of the present invention having the above-described configuration includes an evaporator that evaporates water to generate water vapor, a desulfurizer that removes sulfur contained in the fuel gas and supplies the fuel gas from which sulfur is removed, A fuel reformer comprising: a reformer that is supplied using steam generated by an evaporator and fuel gas from which sulfur content supplied by a desulfurizer is removed as a reforming raw material; and the desulfurizer and the reformer. The valve means disposed in the piping connecting the water vapor prevents the water vapor generated by the evaporator from being supplied to the desulfurizer, thereby preventing the performance of the desulfurizer from deteriorating moisture. There is an effect.

上記構成より成る本発明の燃料改質装置は、前記発明において、前記弁手段を構成する前記電磁弁によって、電気的入力に従い開閉動作することにより、前記蒸発器によって生成された水蒸気が前記脱硫器に供給されることを阻止するので、水分をきらう前記脱硫器の性能の低下を防止するという効果を奏する。   In the fuel reforming apparatus of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the steam generated by the evaporator is opened and closed according to an electrical input by the electromagnetic valve constituting the valve means in the invention. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the performance of the desulfurizer from deteriorating the water from being deteriorated.

上記構成より成る本発明の燃料改質装置は、前記発明において、前記電磁弁が、前記燃料改質装置の動作に応じてコントローラから出力されるコントロール信号によって開閉動作するので、前記燃料改質装置の動作に応じて前記蒸発器によって生成された水蒸気が前記脱硫器に供給されることを阻止するので、水分をきらう前記脱硫器の性能の低下を防止するという効果を奏する。   In the fuel reformer of the present invention having the above-described configuration, in the above invention, the solenoid valve opens and closes according to a control signal output from a controller in accordance with the operation of the fuel reformer. Since the water vapor generated by the evaporator is prevented from being supplied to the desulfurizer in accordance with the operation, there is an effect of preventing the performance of the desulfurizer from deteriorating moisture.

上記構成より成る本発明の燃料改質装置は、前記発明において、前記弁手段を構成する前記逆止弁によって、前記蒸発器が生成した水蒸気が脱硫器に逆流することを阻止するので、外的制御を必要としないで安価に、水分をきらう前記脱硫器の性能の低下を防止するという効果を奏する。   In the fuel reforming apparatus of the present invention having the above-described configuration, in the above invention, the check valve constituting the valve means prevents the water vapor generated by the evaporator from flowing back to the desulfurizer. There is an effect of preventing a decrease in the performance of the desulfurizer that removes moisture at a low cost without requiring control.

上記構成より成る本発明の燃料改質装置は、前記発明において、前記弁手段を構成する前記２連弁によって、前記蒸発器によって生成された水蒸気が前記脱硫器に供給されることを阻止するものであるので、前記２連弁として燃料ガスの供給部に配設されているものを用いれば、新たな弁部材を追加することなく、安価に水分をきらう前記脱硫器の性能の低下を防止するという効果を奏する。   In the fuel reforming apparatus of the present invention having the above-described configuration, in the present invention, the two-way valve constituting the valve means prevents the steam generated by the evaporator from being supplied to the desulfurizer. Therefore, if the double valve provided in the fuel gas supply unit is used, it is possible to prevent the desulfurizer from degrading its performance at low cost without adding a new valve member. There is an effect.

以下本発明の最良の実施の形態につき実施例に基づき、図面を用いて説明する。   The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

本第１実施例の燃料電池用燃料改質装置は、図１に示されるように水を蒸発させ水蒸気を生成する蒸発器１と、燃料ガスとしての都市ガスに含まれる硫黄分を除去して硫黄分を除去した都市ガスを供給する脱硫器２と、蒸発器が生成した水蒸気と脱硫器が供給する硫黄分を除去した都市ガスとを改質原料として供給される改質器３とを備えた燃料電池用燃料改質装置において、前記脱硫器２と前記改質器３とを連絡する配管４に、前記蒸発器１によって生成された水蒸気が前記脱硫器２に供給されることを阻止する弁手段５としての電気的入力に従い開閉動作する電磁弁５１を配設したものである。   As shown in FIG. 1, the fuel reformer for a fuel cell according to the first embodiment removes sulfur contained in city gas as fuel gas and an evaporator 1 that evaporates water to generate water vapor. A desulfurizer 2 that supplies city gas from which sulfur content has been removed, and a reformer 3 that is supplied with steam generated by the evaporator and city gas from which sulfur content has been removed supplied by the desulfurizer as a reforming raw material are provided. In the fuel cell fuel reformer, the steam generated by the evaporator 1 is prevented from being supplied to the desulfurizer 2 to the pipe 4 connecting the desulfurizer 2 and the reformer 3. An electromagnetic valve 51 that opens and closes according to an electrical input as the valve means 5 is disposed.

本第１実施例における燃料電池用燃料改質装置は、図１に示されるように供給された水を蒸発させ水蒸気を生成する蒸発器１と、２連弁２１を介して供給される都市ガスに含まれる硫黄分を除去して硫黄分を除去した都市ガスを供給する脱硫器２とが、前記改質器３の上流に配設され、前記配管４を構成する供給配管４１、４２および合流配管４３によって前記蒸発器１と前記脱硫器２と前記改質器３とが互いに連絡している。   The fuel reformer for a fuel cell according to the first embodiment includes an evaporator 1 for evaporating supplied water and generating water vapor as shown in FIG. 1, and a city gas supplied via a double valve 21. A desulfurizer 2 that supplies a city gas from which sulfur content is removed by removing sulfur contained in the gas is provided upstream of the reformer 3, and supply pipes 41 and 42 that constitute the pipe 4 and a joint The evaporator 1, the desulfurizer 2, and the reformer 3 communicate with each other through a pipe 43.

前記２連弁２１を介して供給される都市ガスは、本来無臭の天然ガスのため、ガス漏れ検知の容易性その他の観点より一定量の硫黄分が含有されている。   Since the city gas supplied through the dual valve 21 is naturally odorless natural gas, it contains a certain amount of sulfur from the viewpoint of ease of gas leak detection and other aspects.

前記改質器３は、前記配管４を介して供給された前記蒸発器１が生成した水蒸気と前記脱硫器２が供給する硫黄分を除去した都市ガスとを改質原料として燃料改質して、水素リッチガスを燃料電池のＦＣスタック６に排出するリアクターとしての改質部３１と、前記２連弁２１を介して供給される都市ガスを燃焼燃料として燃焼させる燃焼器３２とから成る。   The reformer 3 performs fuel reforming using the steam generated by the evaporator 1 supplied via the pipe 4 and the city gas from which the sulfur content supplied by the desulfurizer 2 is removed as a reforming raw material. The reforming unit 31 serves as a reactor for discharging the hydrogen-rich gas to the FC stack 6 of the fuel cell, and the combustor 32 combusts the city gas supplied through the dual valve 21 as the combustion fuel.

前記電磁弁５１は、コントローラ７が前記燃料改質装置の動作に応じて出力するコントロール信号によってマグネットＭを励磁して、開閉動作するように構成され、前記供給配管４２に配設されている。   The electromagnetic valve 51 is configured to open and close by exciting the magnet M with a control signal output by the controller 7 according to the operation of the fuel reformer, and is disposed in the supply pipe 42.

本第１実施例においては、前記コントローラ７が前記燃料改質装置の動作に応じてコントロール信号を出力すると、前記電磁弁５１が、該コントロール信号に基づきマグネットＭを励磁して、開閉動作する。   In the first embodiment, when the controller 7 outputs a control signal according to the operation of the fuel reformer, the solenoid valve 51 excites the magnet M based on the control signal and opens and closes.

前記蒸発器１が、供給された水を蒸発させて水蒸気を生成するが、かかる生成された水蒸気は、前記脱硫器２と前記改質器３とを連絡する前記供給配管４２に配設された前記弁手段としての電磁弁５１によって、前記脱硫器２に供給されることが阻止される。   The evaporator 1 evaporates the supplied water to generate steam, and the generated steam is disposed in the supply pipe 42 that connects the desulfurizer 2 and the reformer 3. The electromagnetic valve 51 serving as the valve means is prevented from being supplied to the desulfurizer 2.

本第１実施例の燃料電池用燃料改質装置は、前記弁手段５を構成する前記電磁弁５１によって、電気的入力に従い開閉動作することにより、前記蒸発器１によって生成された水蒸気が前記脱硫器２に供給されることを阻止するので、水分をきらう前記脱硫器２の性能の低下を防止するという効果を奏する。   The fuel cell fuel reformer of the first embodiment is opened and closed according to an electrical input by the electromagnetic valve 51 constituting the valve means 5 so that the water vapor generated by the evaporator 1 is desulfurized. Since it is prevented from being supplied to the vessel 2, there is an effect of preventing the performance of the desulfurizer 2 that prevents moisture from being deteriorated.

また本第１実施例の燃料電池用燃料改質装置は、前記電磁弁５１が、前記燃料改質装置の動作に応じて前記コントローラ７から出力されるコントロール信号によって開閉動作するので、前記燃料改質装置の動作に応じて前記蒸発器１によって生成された水蒸気が前記脱硫器２に供給されることをタイミング良く阻止するとともに、必要応じて任意のタイミングで水蒸気が前記脱硫器２に供給されることを阻止することが出来るので、水分をきらう前記脱硫器の性能の低下を防止するという効果を奏する。   In the fuel cell fuel reformer of the first embodiment, the solenoid valve 51 opens and closes in response to a control signal output from the controller 7 in accordance with the operation of the fuel reformer. The steam generated by the evaporator 1 is prevented from being supplied to the desulfurizer 2 in accordance with the operation of the quality device, and the steam is supplied to the desulfurizer 2 at an arbitrary timing as necessary. Since this can be prevented, there is an effect of preventing the performance of the desulfurizer that prevents moisture from being deteriorated.

本第２実施例の燃料電池用燃料改質装置は、図２に示されるように前記弁手段５が、前記蒸発器１が生成した水蒸気が脱硫器２に逆流することを阻止する逆止弁５２によって構成されている点が、前記第１実施例との相違点であり、以下相違点を中心に説明する。   As shown in FIG. 2, the fuel reforming apparatus for the fuel cell according to the second embodiment is a check valve in which the valve means 5 prevents the water vapor generated by the evaporator 1 from flowing back into the desulfurizer 2. The point constituted by 52 is the difference from the first embodiment, and the difference will be mainly described below.

前記逆止弁５２は、スプリング・ロード式ポペット弁その他によって構成され、通常のシステム操作中「開」状態に保持され、上流（脱硫器２）から下流（改質器３、蒸発器１）への流れを許容し、下流側（蒸発器１）から上流（脱硫器２）への流れが生じた時にとスプリングによって「閉」状態とされ、上流（脱硫器２）から下流（改質器３、蒸発器１）への流れを生じたら、「再び開」状態に保持される。   The check valve 52 is constituted by a spring-loaded poppet valve or the like, and is maintained in an “open” state during normal system operation, and from upstream (desulfurizer 2) to downstream (reformer 3, evaporator 1). When the flow from the downstream side (evaporator 1) to the upstream side (desulfurizer 2) occurs, the spring is closed, and from the upstream (desulfurizer 2) to the downstream side (reformer 3). Once the flow to the evaporator 1) occurs, it is held in the “open again” state.

本第２実施例の燃料電池用燃料改質装置は、図２に示されるように前記弁手段５を構成する前記逆止弁５２によって、前記蒸発器１が生成した水蒸気が脱硫器２に逆流することが阻止されるので、水分をきらう前記脱硫器２の性能の低下を防止するという効果を奏する。   In the fuel cell fuel reformer of the second embodiment, the water vapor generated by the evaporator 1 flows back to the desulfurizer 2 by the check valve 52 constituting the valve means 5 as shown in FIG. As a result, the performance of the desulfurizer 2 that prevents moisture is prevented from being deteriorated.

また本第２実施例の燃料電池用燃料改質装置は、前記逆止弁５２によって、前記蒸発器１が生成した水蒸気が前記脱硫器２に逆流することを阻止するので、外的制御を必要としないで安価に、水分をきらう前記脱硫器２の性能の低下を防止するという効果を奏する。   Further, the fuel reforming apparatus for the fuel cell according to the second embodiment requires external control because the check valve 52 prevents the water vapor generated by the evaporator 1 from flowing back to the desulfurizer 2. The effect of preventing the performance of the desulfurizer 2 that dissipates moisture from being reduced at low cost is obtained.

本第３実施例の燃料電池用燃料改質装置は、図３に示されるように前記弁手段５が、２連弁５３によって構成されている点が、前記第１実施例との相違点であり、以下相違点を中心に説明する。   The fuel cell fuel reformer of the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the valve means 5 is constituted by a double valve 53 as shown in FIG. There will be explained mainly on the differences.

前記弁手段５を構成する前記２連弁５３は、直動方式電磁弁を連結してボディを一体化したもので、ガス流路および弁座も一体成形されており、給湯器および給湯付風呂釜等に用いられ、都市ガスの供給部に配設されるものである。   The double valve 53 constituting the valve means 5 is a body integrated by connecting a direct acting solenoid valve. A gas flow path and a valve seat are also integrally formed, and a water heater and a hot water bath are provided. It is used for kettles, etc., and is disposed in the city gas supply section.

本第３実施例においては、都市ガスの供給部に配設される前記２連弁５３の上流側に脱硫器２を配設して、前記脱硫器２によって都市ガスに含まれる硫黄分を除去して硫黄分を除去した都市ガスを前記改質器３に供給する必要がある場合は、前記２連弁５３が「開」状態にされ、硫黄分を除去した都市ガスを前記改質器３に供給する必要がない場合は、前記２連弁５３が「閉」状態にされるので、かかる前記２連弁５３によって、前記蒸発器１が生成した水蒸気が前記脱硫器２に逆流することが阻止されるものである。   In the third embodiment, the desulfurizer 2 is disposed upstream of the dual valve 53 disposed in the city gas supply section, and the sulfur content contained in the city gas is removed by the desulfurizer 2. When it is necessary to supply the city gas from which sulfur content has been removed to the reformer 3, the dual valve 53 is set in the "open" state, and the city gas from which sulfur content has been removed is supplied to the reformer 3. When it is not necessary to supply to the steam generator, the dual valve 53 is brought into a “closed” state, so that the steam generated by the evaporator 1 can flow back to the desulfurizer 2 by the dual valve 53. It will be blocked.

本第３実施例の燃料電池用燃料改質装置は、図３に示されるように硫黄分を除去した都市ガスを前記改質器３に供給する必要がない場合は、「閉」状態にされた前記２連弁５３によって、前記蒸発器１が生成した水蒸気が脱硫器２に逆流することが阻止されるので、水分をきらう前記脱硫器２の性能の低下を防止するという効果を奏する。   The fuel cell fuel reformer according to the third embodiment is in a “closed” state when it is not necessary to supply the reformer 3 with city gas from which sulfur has been removed, as shown in FIG. Further, since the water vapor generated by the evaporator 1 is prevented from flowing back to the desulfurizer 2 by the dual valve 53, there is an effect of preventing the performance of the desulfurizer 2 from deteriorating moisture.

また本第３実施例の燃料電池用燃料改質装置は、前記弁手段を構成する前記２連弁５３によって、前記蒸発器１によって生成された水蒸気が前記脱硫器２に供給されることを阻止するものであるので、前記２連弁５３として都市ガスの供給部に配設されているものを用いるので、新たな弁部材を追加することなく、安価に水分をきらう前記脱硫器２の性能の低下を防止するという効果を奏する。
Further, the fuel reformer for a fuel cell according to the third embodiment prevents the water vapor generated by the evaporator 1 from being supplied to the desulfurizer 2 by the dual valve 53 constituting the valve means. Therefore, since the two-way valve 53 that is disposed in the city gas supply unit is used, the performance of the desulfurizer 2 that removes moisture at a low cost without adding a new valve member. There exists an effect of preventing a fall.

上述の実施例は、説明のために例示したもので、本発明としてはそれらに限定されるものでは無く、特許請求の範囲、発明の詳細な説明および図面の記載から当業者が認識することができる本発明の技術的思想に反しない限り、変更および付加が可能である。   The above-described embodiments have been illustrated for the purpose of explanation, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art will recognize from the claims, the detailed description of the invention, and the description of the drawings. Modifications and additions can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention.

上記実施例においては、本発明を一例として燃料電池に適用した例について説明したが、本発明としてはそれらに限定されるものでは無く、燃料電池以外にも適用することが出来る。   In the above-described embodiments, examples in which the present invention is applied to a fuel cell have been described. However, the present invention is not limited to these and can be applied to other fuel cells.

上記実施例においては、燃料ガスの一例として都市ガスを利用する例について説明したが、本発明としてはそれらに限定されるものでは無く、硫黄分が含まれる燃料ガスに広く適用することが出来る。   In the above-described embodiments, examples in which city gas is used as an example of fuel gas have been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and can be widely applied to fuel gas containing a sulfur content.

本発明の第１実施例の燃料電池用燃料改質装置を示すブロック図である。1 is a block diagram showing a fuel reformer for a fuel cell according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第２実施例の燃料電池用燃料改質装置を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the fuel reforming apparatus for fuel cells of 2nd Example of this invention. 本発明の第３実施例の燃料電池用燃料改質装置を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the fuel reformer for fuel cells of 3rd Example of this invention. 従来の燃料電池用燃料改質装置を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the conventional fuel reformer for fuel cells. 脱硫器の硫黄吸着材における水分量と硫黄吸着量との関係を示す線図である。It is a diagram which shows the relationship between the moisture content and sulfur adsorption amount in the sulfur adsorbent of a desulfurizer.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 蒸発器
２ 脱硫器
３ 改質器
４ 配管
５ 弁手段
５１ 電磁弁 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Evaporator 2 Desulfurizer 3 Reformer 4 Piping 5 Valve means 51 Solenoid valve

Claims (6)

水を蒸発させ水蒸気を生成する蒸発器と、燃料ガスに含まれる硫黄分を除去して硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスを供給する脱硫器と、前記蒸発器が生成した水蒸気と前記脱硫器が供給する硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスとを改質原料として供給される改質器とを備えた燃料改質装置において、
前記蒸発器が、供給された水を蒸発させて水蒸気を生成するが、かかる生成された水蒸気は、前記脱硫器と前記改質器とを連絡する配管に配設された弁手段によって、前記脱硫器に供給されることが阻止される
ことを特徴とする燃料改質装置。 An evaporator that evaporates water to generate water vapor, a desulfurizer that supplies fuel gas from which sulfur content has been removed by removing sulfur contained in the fuel gas, and water vapor generated by the evaporator and the desulfurizer are supplied In a fuel reformer provided with a reformer that is supplied as a reforming raw material with a fuel gas from which sulfur content is removed,
The evaporator evaporates the supplied water to generate water vapor, and the generated water vapor is desulfurized by valve means disposed in a pipe connecting the desulfurizer and the reformer. A fuel reformer characterized in that it is prevented from being supplied to a reactor. 水を蒸発させ水蒸気を生成する蒸発器と、燃料ガスに含まれる硫黄分を除去して硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスを供給する脱硫器と、前記蒸発器が生成した水蒸気と前記脱硫器が供給する硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスとを改質原料として供給される改質器とを備えた燃料改質装置において、
前記蒸発器によって生成された水蒸気が前記脱硫器に供給されることを阻止する弁が、前記脱硫器と前記改質器とを連絡する配管のうち、前記蒸発器と前記改質器とを連絡する配管との合流箇所よりも前記脱硫器側に設けられた
ことを特徴とする燃料改質装置。 An evaporator that evaporates water to generate water vapor, a desulfurizer that supplies fuel gas from which sulfur content has been removed by removing sulfur contained in the fuel gas, and water vapor generated by the evaporator and the desulfurizer are supplied In a fuel reformer provided with a reformer that is supplied as a reforming raw material with a fuel gas from which sulfur content is removed,
A valve for preventing the water vapor generated by the evaporator from being supplied to the desulfurizer communicates the evaporator and the reformer out of piping connecting the desulfurizer and the reformer. The fuel reformer is provided on the desulfurizer side with respect to a joining point with the pipe to be connected. 水を蒸発させ水蒸気を生成する蒸発器と、燃料ガスに含まれる硫黄分を除去して硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスを供給する脱硫器と、前記蒸発器が生成した水蒸気と前記脱硫器が供給する硫黄分を除去した燃料ガスとを改質原料として供給される改質器とを備えた燃料改質装置において、
前記脱硫器に前記燃料ガスを供給する配管に設けられた弁と、
前記脱硫器と前記改質器とを連絡する配管に配設され、前記蒸発器によって生成された水蒸気が前記脱硫器に供給されることを阻止する弁と
を有することを特徴とする燃料改質装置。 An evaporator that evaporates water to generate water vapor, a desulfurizer that supplies fuel gas from which sulfur content has been removed by removing sulfur contained in the fuel gas, and water vapor generated by the evaporator and the desulfurizer are supplied In a fuel reformer provided with a reformer that is supplied as a reforming raw material with a fuel gas from which sulfur content is removed,
A valve provided in a pipe for supplying the fuel gas to the desulfurizer;
A fuel reformer, comprising: a valve disposed in a pipe connecting the desulfurizer and the reformer, and a valve that prevents water vapor generated by the evaporator from being supplied to the desulfurizer. apparatus. 請求項１乃至３のいずれかにおいて、
前記改質器により生成された水素リッチガスは、燃料電池に排出される
ことを特徴とする燃料改質装置。 In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
The fuel-reforming apparatus, wherein the hydrogen-rich gas generated by the reformer is discharged to a fuel cell. 請求項１乃至４のいずれかにおいて、
燃料ガスを燃焼する燃焼部をさらに有し、
前記燃焼部には、燃料ガスが前記脱硫器を介することなく供給される
ことを特徴とする燃料改質装置。 In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4,
It further has a combustion part for burning fuel gas,
The fuel reformer is characterized in that fuel gas is supplied to the combustion section without passing through the desulfurizer. 請求項１乃至５のいずれかにおいて、
前記脱硫器と前記改質器とを連絡する配管には、水蒸気が供給される配管のみが接続される
ことを特徴とする燃料改質装置。 In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5,
Only a pipe to which water vapor is supplied is connected to a pipe connecting the desulfurizer and the reformer.
JP2006307162A 2006-11-13 2006-11-13 Fuel reformer Expired - Lifetime JP4494391B2 (en)

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JP2001199704A (en) * 2000-01-13 2001-07-24 Nippon Kagaku Kogyo Kyokai Method of manufacturing hydrogen

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012142174A (en) * 2010-12-28 2012-07-26 Jx Nippon Oil & Energy Corp Hydrogen manufacturing system for fuel cell, fuel cell system, deionization method of hydrocarbon-based fuel and hydrogen manufacturing method

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