JP2007076345A - Molding method and mold for ceramic ware - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a means by which a beginner or an unskilled person can easily form a hand-made ceramic work in a shorter skill period.
[Solution] By using handmade pottery for pottery, it is not necessary to use virgin raw material soil to maintain the shape during the molding process. Long skill periods are not required. Invented a method of forming a ceramic that enables use of a mold by removing a mud layer on the surface of the raw material soil in the outer part of the original work piece generated by the use of water in the middle of forming, and making the forming mold usable in a substantially uniform raw material state. Inventing the mold capable of aligning the rotation center axis of the mold and the rotation center axis of the mold, forming the shape of the work using the mold and holding the molded product, and after the molded product is semi-dried Demolded. In the molding of hand-made ceramics such as using a string or a hand-made pot, the mold can be applied because there is no process for generating the mud layer. According to the present invention, even a beginner or an unskilled person can easily form a hand-made ceramic work in a shorter skill period.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for molding ceramics by hand and a mold.

  There are methods for forming ceramics by hand, such as hand-bending, string-making, using a hand-cutter, and using a ceramic pot.

  However, by any of the above methods, it is quite difficult to mold ceramics by hand. Especially for beginners and unskilled workers, it is more difficult to form ceramics by hand using a ceramic pot, and a long skill period is required.

Therefore, the present invention can be applied to both pottery and porcelain, and can be applied to hand-made ceramics such as hand-bending, string-making, or using a hand-claw. It is an object of the present invention to provide a means by which a ceramic work can be easily formed by hand using a ceramic pot for the period.
In this text, raw soil means clay for ceramics and magnetic soil for porcelain.

  In order to solve the above problems, a method for molding ceramics was invented, and a molding die suitable for the method was invented.

  When a ceramic work is molded by hand using a ceramic pot for ceramics, virgin raw material soil, which is necessary for maintaining the shape during the molding process, is not necessary, and the shape of the work is easily formed. If the molded product can be held, it can be molded without requiring a long skill period.

  When forming the original work by grinding up the raw soil on the turntable of the electric pot for ceramics, if the muddy layer on the outer surface of the original work generated by using water during the forming is removed, forming I discovered that molds can be used, and invented a method for molding ceramics that made use of this discovery.

  If the moulded layer of the original work is not removed and pressed directly onto the molding surface, when the molded product is semi-dried away from the molding die, the outer side of the molded product that is in contact with the molding surface Since the contact surface is cracked or cracked, it is necessary to remove the mud layer.

There is basically no process for forming a mud layer as described above in hand-made ceramics such as hand-bending, string-making or using a hand-claw, so the above-mentioned mold can be applied.
However, since a mold generally used for a mass-produced machine basket is not suitable for the present invention, a mold suitable for a method for molding ceramics by hand using an electric pot for ceramics has been invented. They were applied to hand-made ceramics molding methods such as hand-kneading, stringing or using hand-claws.

  The mold of the present invention must have functions and precision that are suitable for the method of molding ceramics by hand using a ceramic pot, in addition to the original ceramic molding function. To do.

  Condition 1: The mold used in the standing state on the turntable can be confirmed in the center of rotation at the upper end of the lip of the mold or the outer peripheral upper end of the mold, and used even in the inverted state. The mold should be able to confirm the center axis of rotation even with a hole provided at the exact center of rotation.

  Condition 2, regardless of whether it is set up on the turntable in a standing or inverted state, the rotation center axis of the mold is exactly perpendicular to the turntable surface, and the rotation center axis of the mold is It can be easily aligned with the rotation center axis of the table and can be fixed.

  Condition 3: The rotation center axis of the original work and the mold having the outer portion made into a substantially uniform raw soil state can be easily aligned and fixed on the turntable.

  The first invention invents a ceramic molding method that enables the use of a mold in order to easily mold ceramic works by hand using an electric pot for ceramics, in addition to the original function of molding the works. Inventing a mold having a function and accuracy suitable for a method of molding the ceramic, using the mold for molding the work, molding the shape of the work, and holding the molded product. A method of molding a ceramic, comprising a molding step of demolding after semi-drying.

  In other words, the raw material on the turntable of the electric pot for pottery is ground up to a height corresponding to the work by a normal hand-made technique to form the original work, and the outside of the original work generated by using water during the forming The muddy layer on the surface of the raw material soil is removed with a soil scraper or the like, and the mold is made into a substantially uniform raw material soil state.

  Thereafter, as soon as possible, the mold for molding the work that can match the rotation center axis of the original work piece and the rotation center axis of the forming mold is used, and the turntable is turned to return the raw material soil of the original work piece to the A ceramic molding method comprising a molding step of forming a shape of the work along a molding surface and holding the molded product, and removing the mold after the molded product is semi-dried.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the mold release part that releases the bottom of the hill is set so that the outer part on the turntable is positioned on the hill of the original work in which the outer part of the turntable is in a substantially uniform raw soil state. The mold for forming a work used in the method for forming a ceramic according to the first invention, wherein the position of the mold is adjusted so that the rotation center axis of the mold can be aligned with the rotation center axis of the original work. .

The mold of the present invention is adopted when there is no significant difference in the diameter between the hill part and the waist part or the trunk part of the work and the mold product can be easily removed.
When using the mold, it is not necessary to move the original work before the molding operation, and the molding operation does not require that much skill, but there is no support at the bottom of the hill of the molded product. Care must be taken to prevent deformation and damage to the bottom of the raised part of the molded product.

  The third invention is the bottom part of the original work in which the outer part previously cut off from the turntable surface is made into a substantially uniform raw soil state after confirming and fixing the rotation center axis of the mold on the turntable. Or, in order to avoid that the peripheral part directly contacts the bottom of the hill part of the mold and is in an adhesive state, the base part of the original work or the peripheral part is removed if there is a wet part. .

  Next, the original work piece is placed in a standing state on the bottom of the hill of the mold, and the position of the original work piece is adjusted so that the rotation center axis of the original work piece can be aligned with the rotation center axis of the forming mold. The mold for molding the work used in the method for molding a ceramic according to the first invention.

  The molding die is used for the same object as the molding die of the second invention. However, the molding die is easy to handle after the molding operation because it reliably supports the bottom of the elevated part of the molding. The molding operability, the skill level of the molding operation, the ease of handling of the molded product after the molding operation, and the like are comprehensively determined, and either the second invention or the molding die of the present invention is selected and adopted.

  Since the wet part of the bottom of the original work piece or its peripheral part is in direct contact with the bottom of the hill part of the mold to be in an adhesive state, in order to avoid this, if there is the wet part, one of the following measures Or a combination of the following treatments.

  First, remove the wet part of the original shape and its peripheral part with a soil scraper or the like, or remove the wet part by applying a dry gypsum board or the like to the bottom and its peripheral part.

  Measure 2, place a suitable amount of dried raw soil powder or cereal powder in advance on the bottom of the high part of the mold, or dry raw soil powder or cereal powder on the bottom of the original work and its surroundings. Adhere to avoid adhesion. The dried raw soil powder or cereal powder is removed by cutting the raw terrain, or the raw soil powder is assimilated and the cereal powder is burned off during the subsequent firing of the work.

  Step 3: A disk for placing the original work is placed on the bottom of the high platform of the mold, and the bottom of the original work or its peripheral part and the bottom of the high platform of the mold are isolated.

  In the case of avoiding the adhesion state by placing the third disk, the diameter of the disk is 2 to 12 mm, preferably 4 to 8 mm smaller than the diameter of the bottom of the hill of the mold, and the original work is The thickness and size are set so that the bottom end portion of the original work piece protruding from the disk does not adhere to the bottom of the hill portion of the mold when placed on the disk.

In a fourth aspect of the invention, the work original shape in which the outer portion separated from the turntable surface is made into a substantially uniform raw soil state is turned upside down and fixed on the turntable after confirming the rotation center axis.
The ceramic mold according to the first aspect of the invention is characterized in that an inverted mold is placed thereon, the position of the mold is adjusted, and the rotation center axis of the mold can be aligned with the rotation center axis of the original work. This is a mold for molding the work used in the method.

There is a large difference in the diameter between the hill part and the lip, such as a bowl, and it is difficult to handle by deforming the vicinity of the lip of the original work by directly touching with the hand. When it is easy to remove the mold, the mold of the present invention is employed.
In the case of checking the center axis of rotation with the exact center of rotation hole of the mold used even in the inverted state, the center hole of the rotation center is circular, and its diameter is 5 to 20 mm, preferably 8 to 12 mm.

  When confirming the rotation center axis at the upper end of the outer periphery of the mold, the mold is created so that the upper end of the lip of the molding surface and the upper end of the outer periphery are concentric. The rotation center axis can be confirmed in both or at least one of the hole of the rotation center and the upper end of the outer periphery.

  Two pieces of flat plates that are lightweight and can maintain flatness in order to turn the original work upside down, and further, a piece of paper to avoid the hill bottom and mouth edge of the original work being adhered to the flat plate Two pieces are used. The flat plate 1, the paper piece 1, the original work piece, the paper piece 2 and the flat plate 2 are integrated in a sandwich state, and an upside down operation is performed.

  In addition, the weight of the mold is reduced as much as possible so that the original shape of the work is not deformed by the weight of the mold, but when the material of the mold is gypsum, the diameter is 150 to 200 mm. The thickness from the lip to the waist or hill is about 3 to 12 mm, and in particular, when the hole at the center of rotation is provided in the mold, the bottom is about 3 to 7 mm.

  The fifth aspect of the invention is such that the air is not confined between the raw material soil of the original work and the circumferential position such as the bottom part, the hill part, and the waist part of the molding die of any one of the second to fourth inventions. The mold for molding a work used in the method for molding a ceramic according to the first invention, wherein air vent holes having a needle hole size are provided at substantially equal intervals of 50 mm, preferably 10 to 20 mm.

  The mold has an advantage that a beginner or an unskilled person can pay attention to a molding operation other than the air venting operation.

  6th invention consists only of the lower part from the hill part of the shaping | molding die in any one of 2nd thru | or 5th invention to a waist | lumbar part or a trunk | drum, shape | molds only the lower part part of the said work, and hold | maintains the molding part The mold for molding a work used in the method for molding a ceramic according to the first aspect of the present invention.

  When the mold is used, a molding operation can be arbitrarily performed by a normal hand-made technique from the trunk portion of the work to the mouth edge or the upper portion of the mouth edge regardless of the mold. On the other hand, it requires a certain amount of experience to use the mold, so it is suitable for beginners and unskilled persons who have become accustomed to the method of using the mold of any of the second to fifth inventions. ing.

  The seventh invention is the second to sixth inventions for facilitating the handling or operation of the mold, or for removing the molded article in cases where it is impossible or difficult to remove the molded article. The mold for molding a work used in the method for molding a ceramic according to the first aspect of the present invention is characterized in that any of the molds is divided into multiple parts.

  When using the mold of the second invention, the diameter of the waist part, body part, mouth edge part, etc. of the original work must be smaller than the diameter of the mold bottom part release part. Thus, if the mold of the present invention is used, this restriction is not imposed. If there is a considerable difference in the diameter between the hill part and the waist part or torso part of the work and it is impossible or difficult to remove the molded product, the mold of the second or third invention is used. The molding die of the present invention that is multi-divided in the direction of the rotation center axis is employed.

  When the entire part from the hill part to the mouth edge part of the mold is divided in the direction of the rotation axis, the divided pieces are tied together with a rubber band, a string, a hook-and-loop fastener or the like to be integrated. The upper and lower divided pieces are also divided in the direction of the rotation axis, and the upper and lower divided pieces are divided into the rotation axis direction divided pieces. There is also a method of crafting a joint portion between the lower part of the upper and lower divided pieces and the upper part of the upper and lower divided pieces so as to become a ridge for integration.

  In the eighth invention, when a ceramic work is formed by hand-making, using a handbrush, a string or a hand-claw, etc., any of the molds of the second to seventh inventions or any of the second to seventh inventions Using a mold created with an emphasis on the original mold forming function of the mold, holding the molded article by shaping the shape of the work along the molding surface of the raw material mold, A method for molding ceramics, comprising a molding step in which a molded product is demolded after being semi-dried.

  Since the molds of the second to seventh inventions are provided with the original function of forming a work before having the function and accuracy that should be suitable for a method for forming ceramics by hand using an electric pot for ceramics, The present invention can be applied to a method for forming a ceramic.

  On the other hand, the mold used exclusively for the method for molding ceramics according to the eighth invention does not require functions and accuracy to be suitable for the method for molding ceramics by hand using a ceramic pot for ceramics. If the original mold forming function of any mold is provided, it can be applied sufficiently.

  The molds of the second to fourth inventions have functions and accuracy that should be suitable for the method of molding ceramics by hand using ceramic pots in addition to the original function of molding the work, and additional functions are added. These are the molds of the fifth to seventh inventions.

  Theoretically, there are twenty-four combinations of the original work forming function including additional functions, but the shape of the work, the operability of the forming, and the proficiency for the forming operation are comprehensively considered. Taking into consideration, it is determined which functions should be combined, which is useful for selecting a pre-made mold or designing and creating the mold.

  The molds of the second to seventh inventions are produced by reproducing the original ceramic shape that is hand-made to the finished shape of the outer part of the work and holding the molded product in order to retain the molded product. The mold is the original mold, but in the mold, it is difficult to reproduce the ceramic original shape in detail near the hill and the mouth edge. The hill of the product is finished with raw material shaving inside and near the hill, and the rim is finished with boiled leather.

  In order to cope with raw material cutting near the hill, the diameter of the hill of the mold is set to be 2 to 10 mm, preferably 2 to 4 mm larger than the diameter of the hill of the ceramic original shape.

  Since a convex trace may remain on the outer surface of the molded product at the position of the air vent hole of the mold of the fifth invention or at the position corresponding to the mating part of the divided pieces of the mold of the seventh invention, At that time, it is necessary to finish the molded product to level the convex portions and erase the traces.

  As described above, the method for molding ceramics that enables the use of a mold is invented, and the mold that is suitable for the method is invented, thereby solving the problem.

  For the element that creates the shape of the outer part such as the waist and the trunk of the work by the ceramic molding method and the mold according to the first to seventh inventions, the process of creating the mold or the ready-made mold is selected. Since most of the process is determined, it is possible to pay attention to molding other than the molded part by the mold, especially for molding the inner part of the molded part that is molded and securely held by the mold. Will be able to cope with a margin.

  In a hand-made molding operation using an ordinary electric pot for ceramics, even if the lumbar part and the trunk part of the work have a sensible and good bulge, the hill part, the waist part, the trunk part, etc. Virgin raw soil is required to maintain the shape, and the corresponding thickness will be added to each part, making it almost impossible to perform the molding operation while checking the outer shape. .

  Therefore, while actually molding the inner part that is difficult to confirm, it is forced to proceed with the molding operation in the image of the outer shape almost impossible to confirm, and after the molded product is semi-dried, The molding of the shape of the outer part also requires a difficult molding skill, mainly the sculpture element of the virgin raw material shaving, but at this time the inner part has already been molded and the outer shape is good In situations where it is difficult to have a large bulge, it can no longer be corrected.

  This is one of the factors that make a molding operation difficult for beginners and unskilled persons and requires a long skill period. However, if the ceramic molding method and mold of the first to seventh inventions are utilized, the shape of the work can be easily molded and the molded product can be held.

Furthermore, the virgin raw material soil that is necessary for ordinary hand-made techniques to maintain the shape of the hill, waist, and trunk in the middle of the molding is unnecessary for the molded product, and the virgin raw material shaving is also unnecessary. It also saves resources and labor.
This is the reason why even beginners and unskilled workers can easily mold hand-made ceramics that use electric pots for ceramics in a shorter period of skill.

  On the other hand, even if the ceramic molding method and mold of the first to seventh inventions are utilized, the above-mentioned original shape fabrication, inner molding and fabrication, rim fabrication and finishing, which cannot be carried out by the mass production machine bowl, or In each process such as the construction of the hill and the finishing, the individual characteristics or elements of the author can be fully exhibited or incorporated, and thus the individual expression can be made in the work.

  According to the ceramic molding method of the eighth invention, beginners and inexperienced persons can experience and practice tasting and good ceramic molding at an earlier stage.

The best mode for carrying out the invention will be described below.
The method for molding ceramics according to the first aspect of the present invention is to switch to a method using a mold from the middle of the normal hand-made method of molding ceramic works by hand using a ceramic pot, and remove the molded product from the mold. After that, it is a method to return to the normal handmade technique again.

  When molding this work, the series of operations should proceed smoothly without leaving more time than necessary, and the raw soil on the turntable of the pottery electric pottery is equivalent to the work by the usual handmade technique The original shape of the work is formed by grinding up to the height to be removed, and the mud layer on the surface of the raw material soil generated by the use of water in the middle of the forming is removed with a soil scraper or the like to make a substantially uniform raw material soil state. Make the mold available.

  Then, using the mold for molding the work that can match the rotation center axis of the original work piece and the rotation center axis of the forming mold, while focusing on the inner structure of the work, the forming mold and the original work piece In consideration of not trapping air with the raw material soil, turn the turntable so that the raw material soil of the original work is shaped along the molding surface of the mold and shape the work to hold the molded product After the molded product is semi-dried, the mold is removed from the mold and returned to a normal hand-made technique to finish the hill and the lip.

  The diameter of the hill part of the original work is 2 to 20 mm, preferably 2 to 8 mm smaller than the diameter of the hill part of the mold, and the thickness of the bottom part is increased accordingly, and molding using the mold is performed. At the time of operation, the thickness of the bottom of the molded product is made suitable for the finished bottom thickness of the work.

  The diameter of the mouth edge of the original work is larger than the diameter of the waist and torso, and is about 1/4 to 2/3, preferably about 1/3 to 1/3 of the diameter of the mouth of the mold. 2 is the target.

  Since the mold retains the shape of the ridge, waist, and trunk of the molded product, the molded product does not require virgin raw material soil, which is necessary for maintaining the shape during molding, The thickness of the raw soil such as the hill, waist, and trunk of the original work is the thickness corresponding to each part of the work.

  As described above, the items relating to the diameter and bottom thickness of the original work, the diameter of the mouth edge, and the thickness of the raw soil such as the height, waist, and trunk are the ceramic molding method according to the first invention. This is a matter to be noted and considered in common when using any of the molds of the second to seventh inventions.

  In addition to this, a method used in normal hand-made molding operations such as using a cutting thread when separating the original work etc. from the turntable surface, or using a turtle plate to prevent deformation of a work with a large plateau diameter It is necessary to respond flexibly or consider it appropriately and arbitrarily.

  When using the molding die of the second invention, the work original shape in which the outer portion on the turntable is in a substantially uniform raw material soil state is inserted so as to be inserted into the release portion at the bottom of the hill portion of the molding die, The release part is set so as to be located on the hill part of the original work.

  Next, the position of the mold is adjusted, the rotation center axis of the mold is aligned with the rotation center axis of the original work, and the mold is fixed to the turntable surface with the tool material soil.

  While paying attention to the inner structure of the work, the turntable is turned from the lower part to the upper part of the mold so as not to trap air between the mold and the raw soil of the original work. The original shape of the work is pressed from the inside so that the entire shape of the work is formed along the forming surface of the mold and the molded product is held.

  The mold is separated from the turntable surface together with the mold, and after taking the mold into a semi-dry state, taking into account the prevention of deformation and scratches on the bottom of the mold, Finish the high plateau and mouth edge according to the hand-made technique.

  When using the mold of the third invention, in order to avoid the bottom part of the original work shape or its peripheral part being in direct contact with the bottom part of the mold part and being in an adhesive state, the bottom part of the mold part of the mold part The case where a disk is placed on is described.

  The mold is set in advance on the turntable, and after confirming the rotation center axis, the tool is fixed with the raw material soil for the tool, and the outer part previously cut off from the turntable surface is made into a substantially uniform raw material soil state. The original work piece is placed on the disk placed on the bottom of the hill in an upright state, and the position of the original disk is adjusted so that the rotation center axis of the original work piece matches the rotation center axis of the mold.

  Then, while focusing on the inner structure of the work, turn the turntable so that air is not trapped between the mold and the raw material soil of the work, and from the lower part of the mold toward the upper part. Then, the entire shape of the work is formed along the forming surface of the mold so that the raw material soil of the work original shape is pressed from the inside, and the formed product is held.

  After the molded product is semi-dried, the mold is removed from the mold, the disk at the bottom of the molded product is removed, and the high plateau and the lip are finished according to a normal handmade technique.

  In the case where the mold of the fourth invention is used, a case will be described in which the rotation center axis is confirmed with the hole of the rotation center of the mold used in the inverted state.

The original work in which the outer portion on the turntable is made into a substantially uniform raw soil state is cut off from the turntable surface and transferred in an upright state on the piece of paper 1 placed on the flat plate 1.
However, when the original work is molded using a lightweight turtle plate, the turtle plate can be used as an alternative to the flat plate 1 and therefore this moving operation is not necessary. There is also a method of separating the original work from the original.

  After placing the paper piece 2 on the mouth edge of the original work piece and further placing the flat plate 2, the flat plate 1, the paper piece 1, the original work piece, the paper piece 2 and the flat plate 2 are sandwiched. The flat plate 1 and the paper piece 1 are removed by integrating and falling down and setting on the turntable.

  While adjusting the position of the flat plate 2 or the piece of paper 2, confirming the rotation center axis of the original work piece, and marking the rotation center axis position of the original work bottom portion smaller than the rotation center hole of the mold And fix it with the tool material soil. At this time, in order to prevent the mold from adhering to the bottom of the hill, measures are taken such as eliminating any wetted portion at the bottom end of the original work.

  Place the inverted mold on the original work piece that has been turned upside down, adjust the position of the mold while checking the marking from the hole at the rotation center of the mold, and rotate the original work piece. After aligning the rotation center axis of the mold with the center axis, the flat plate 2, the paper piece 2, the original work piece and the mold are integrated in a sandwich state, and again fall down.

  The mold integrated with the original work is set on the turntable, and after removing the flat plate 2 and the paper piece 2, the rotation center axis of the mold is confirmed, and then the tool is applied to the turntable surface. Fix with raw soil.

  While paying attention to the inner structure of the work, the turntable is turned from the lower part to the upper part of the mold so as not to trap air between the mold and the raw soil of the original work. The original shape of the work is pressed from the inside so that the entire shape of the work is formed along the molding surface of the mold, and the molded product is held. After the molded product is semi-dried, from the mold After demolding, finish the hill and mouth edge according to the usual hand-made technique.

  The paper piece 1 and the paper piece 2 are used in order to prevent the bottom part of the original work piece from adhering to the flat plate 1 and the lip portion from adhering to the flat plate 2 by directly contacting the original work piece. The paper piece 1 has a substantially circular shape that is 2 to 20 mm larger than the diameter of the bottom of the original work, and the paper piece 2 has a substantially circular shape that is 2 to 20 mm larger than the diameter of the mouth edge of the original work and uses newspaper.

  The flat plate 1 and the flat plate 2 are easy to handle so that the original work is not deformed by inadvertent stress, and is used to stably and reliably fall up and down. It is assumed that the flat plate 2 has a substantially circular shape larger than the diameter of the paper piece 2 and is substantially circular larger than the diameter of the paper piece 2.

  When using the mold of the second invention, the method of using the piece of paper is as follows: when the molded product is separated from the turntable surface together with the mold and left until the molded product is semi-dried, or In order to prevent the molded product or the bottom of the original work from being in an adhesive state when the original work is separated from the turntable surface and temporarily placed when using the mold of the invention of the third invention Can also be applied.

  Furthermore, the usage of the flat plate and the paper piece when using the mold of the present invention can be applied when the original work piece when using the mold of the third invention is placed on the bottom of the hill.

  When the mold of the fifth invention is used, the molding operation, semi-drying of the molded article, demolding of the molded article from the mold, and finishing of the hill part and the edge part are the second to fourth inventions. Follow the same procedure as any mold. For example, when the mold of the second invention is used as the mold of the present invention, it means that the same use procedure as that of the mold of the second invention is followed. Hereinafter, the same meaning is applied to the procedure for using the molds of the sixth and seventh inventions.

  The air vent holes are provided at substantially equal intervals of 10 to 50 mm, preferably 10 to 20 mm, at circumferential positions such as near the bottom corner, near the hill, and the curved portion of the waist to facilitate air removal. In the case where the material of the mold is gypsum, a needle-like object is stabbed in advance in the original mold and is removed after the gypsum is cured, or the cured gypsum mold is used as a needle. Stab with something like At this time, it is necessary to consider not damaging the molding surface of the mold.

  When using the mold according to the sixth aspect of the invention, the shape of only the lower part from the hill to the waist or the torso of the work is molded with the mold and the upper part is kept normal while holding the molded part. Molded arbitrarily by hand-made technique, and then finishes the lip. Subsequent semi-drying of the molded product, demolding of the molded product from the mold, finishing of the hill, and the like follow the same usage procedure as that of the mold of any of the second to fifth inventions.

  The mold was invented with a focus on adaptability to operation by getting used to the method of using the molds of the second to fifth inventions, and the lower part is one of the most difficult parts to mold. If the main points of molding are taken into consideration, the molding can be widened.

  The molds of the second to fifth inventions basically form the entire shape of the ceramic hill, waist, torso and lip, and hold the molded product. If the same mold is used, a work that is higher or lower than the mold can be molded regardless of its overall height. The heights of the mold and the work do not necessarily need to match, and can be used properly according to the application.

  When using the mold of the seventh invention, when the mold of the second invention is used as the mold of the present invention, the divided pieces are set on the turntable surface and then integrated, and the third or fourth When the mold of the invention is used as the mold of the present invention, it is integrated before use.

  Subsequent semi-drying of the molded product, demolding of the molded product from the mold, finishing of the high plateau, etc. follow the same usage procedure as any of the molds of the second to sixth inventions. After semi-drying, the mold is removed from the mold, and the high plateau and the mouth edge are finished according to a normal handmade technique.

  When creating the mold, rather than creating separate pieces individually, considering the matching accuracy for integration when using the mold, it is better to create an integral mold and then divide into multiple parts to improve the finishing accuracy of the molded product. To do. When dividing the mold formed as an integral mold, it is necessary to consider not damaging the molding surface of the mold.

  When creating a mold that is tightly bound and integrated with a rubber band, string or hook-and-loop fastener, etc. to prevent the rubber band from slipping and loosening, it is possible to prevent loosening by providing an anti-slip or protrusion on the tight part of the mold. It is necessary to consider.

  In addition, as a means for integrating the molding die, the molding die created as an integral mold is divided into upper and lower parts at the body part, and after processing the joint part with the upper part of the lower part of the upper and lower divided pieces into a convex part, The lower part of the upper and lower divided pieces is also divided in the direction of the rotation axis, and a concave part is added to the joint part with the lower part of the upper part of the upper and lower divided pieces to match the convex part. There is also a method of crafting so as to form a ridge for collectively integrating the rotary axis direction split pieces below the upper and lower split pieces.

  According to the eighth aspect of the method of molding ceramics, when forming ceramic works by hand-making, using hand-bending, string-making, or hand-claws, etc., using the usual hand-making technique, the raw material soil is molded along the molding surface. Then, after removing the molded product from the mold, it is a method of returning to the normal handmade technique again.

  When the work is molded, a mold created with emphasis on the original function of the work of the mold of any one of the second to seventh inventions or the mold of any of the second to seventh inventions Use the usual hand-bending, string-making or hand-clawing techniques, etc., and pay attention to the inner structure of the work, while taking care not to trap air between the mold and the raw soil. Then, the shape of the work is shaped by keeping the raw soil along the molding surface of the mold and the molded product is held.

  After the molded product is semi-dried, the mold is removed from the mold and returned to a normal handmade method to finish the hill and the lip.

  The present invention relates to a method for allocating divided pieces in the case of using any one of the molds of the second to sixth inventions as it is as an integral mold or as the mold of the seventh invention, and to form the mold of the seventh invention. Basic items will be described.

Basically, in the case of multi-division, in consideration of demolding, the multi-division is made approximately equally in the direction of the rotation center axis, in the case of two divisions, about 180 degrees, and in the case of three divisions, about 120 degrees.
The mold according to the second aspect of the present invention is employed when there is no significant difference in the diameter between the hill and the waist or the trunk as in the case of a dish and the like, and the molded product can be easily removed.

  If there is a significant difference in the diameter between the hill and waist or torso, such as a tea bowl, and it is impossible or difficult to remove the molded product, and a polygonal work such as a pentagon or heptagon However, in the case of a shape approximating the rotational center axis symmetry, the molding die according to the seventh aspect in which the molding die according to the second or third aspect is divided into multiple portions in the direction of the rotational center axis is adopted.

  In the case of a work such as a bowl that has a large difference in diameter between the hill and the mouth edge and in which the molded product can be easily removed, the molding die of the fourth invention is adopted.

  In bag-like pieces such as bags, the upper part of the mold has a maximum symmetrical axis, and the upper and lower parts of the mold are divided into two parts. Considering the symmetric diameter, the upper, middle, and lower parts are divided into multiple parts so that it is easy to remove the molded product. The direction is also multi-divided.

  When the mold is divided into upper and lower parts or upper, middle, and lower parts, the upper and lower parts or the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the work are individually molded, and then the upper and lower parts or the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the molded product are joined. Alternatively, there is a method in which each part of the mold can be integrated, and the entire shape of the work is integrally formed, and after semi-drying, each part is disassembled so that the entire molded product can be removed. .

  As described above, in the case of multi-division in the direction orthogonal to the rotation center axis and in the rotation center axis direction, the functions of the molding dies according to any one of the second to sixth inventions are appropriately combined, and each is in the rotation center axis direction. The mold according to the seventh aspect of the present invention is used.

  When using any of the molds of the second to seventh inventions, the mold is fixed to the turntable surface or the turtle plate surface of the electric pot for ceramics basically using the raw material soil for tools. The raw material soil can be diverted to the tool raw material soil, and if necessary, a fixing device may be prepared.

  As a material for the molds of the second to seventh inventions to have the work molding function, the original work piece when using the disk that may be used in combination with the mold of the third invention and the mold of the fourth invention It is possible to use composite materials with other materials mainly made of gypsum, raw soil, wood, plastic, polystyrene foam, and gypsum, including the material of the flat plate used for falling up and down.

  However, the raw soil should be unglazed with the desired shape. Further, when a composite material with other materials mainly made of wood, plastic, polystyrene foam and gypsum is used as the material for the molding surface or the surface of the disk, the molded product is removed from the mold or the disk. The mold forming surface and the disk surface are subjected to a roughing process or the like so that they can be smoothly removed from the mold or peeled off.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the ceramic molding method according to the first invention is used for molding a ceramic bowl will be described in accordance with an actual operation procedure. As the mold, the mold of the seventh invention including the functions of the molds of the second and fifth inventions, which is divided into two at about 180 degrees in the direction of the rotation center axis, is used.

  When molding the tea bowl by hand using an electric pot for pottery, first grind the clay on the turntable of the electric pot for electric pottery to the height corresponding to the bowl by using a normal hand-made technique. The diameter is about 6 mm smaller than the diameter of the high plateau of the mold, and the thickness of the bottom is increased accordingly. The diameter of the lip is about ½ of the diameter of the lip of the mold. The thickness of the clay such as the body portion is the thickness corresponding to the thickness of each portion of the teacup, and the teacup original shape is formed.

Next, the muddy layer on the clay surface of the outer portion of the tea bowl original shape generated by the use of water in the middle of molding is removed with a soil scraper, and the molding die can be used in a substantially uniform clay state.
Since the mold is divided into two parts, the mold is set on the turntable so that the release part at the bottom of the high platen part of the mold is located on the high platen part so as to wrap the tea bowl original form with two divided pieces. Then, the mold is tied together with a string and integrated.

  The rotation center axis of the mold is aligned with the rotation center axis of the tea bowl original shape, the mold is fixed to the turntable surface with tool clay, and the inside and bottom structure of the tea bowl, the bottom thickness, etc. While pouring, turn the turntable to press the clay from the lower part of the mold toward the upper part so that air is not trapped between the mold and the original tea bowl from the inside. In this way, the entire shape of the tea bowl is formed along the molding surface of the mold, and the molded product is held.

  The mold is cut off from the turntable surface together with the mold, and the mold is removed from the mold after the mold is semi-dried while taking care to prevent deformation and damage of the bottom of the mold. Demold the product.

  After that, when the convex trace remains on the outer surface of the molded product at a position corresponding to the air vent hole portion of the mold or the mating portion of the divided pieces according to a normal handmade technique, the convex The finish is smoothed to eliminate the traces, the inside of the hill and the vicinity of the hill are finished with clay shaving, and the rim is finished with leather or the like.

  For those who are interested in fields other than the molding field such as pottery painting, glaze, powdering or kneading, the skill period required to become proficient in the molding operation will be more than expected, but it will be the basis of the work If the shape can be easily formed, it will be possible to concentrate a lot of time and time in the field of interest, and the improvement in that field will be quicker, and it can be expected to play an active role. In particular, it is an easy-to-accept means for those who are aiming to create works unique to individuals and who are aiming to become a semi-professional or professional ceramics artist.

  For example, although it is half-interested in the base of a pre-molded work that was molded with a skillful skill for painting, even if the ceramic molding method and mold of the present invention are used, it is self-made in all manual processes. Then, if the mold is also a self-made design, it will be possible to create an outstanding painting on the base of a quaintly shaped work, and its significance will be completely different.

  As long as you have basic knowledge and skills of molding operations, you can get further skills and techniques to improve on the video of the ceramic molding method and molds of the present invention. The possibility can be expected in the education of the pottery used. Furthermore, it can be expected to expand and develop the base of each field of pottery by using or applying it in education and training in pottery classes, pottery workshops, or passing down pottery techniques and skills.

  Partial sectional view in which the rotation center axis of the mold of the second invention is aligned with the rotation center axis of the original work   A partial cross-sectional view in which the original work is placed on a disk placed on the bottom of a hill of the molding die of the third invention, and the rotation center axis of the original work is aligned with the rotation central axis of the molding die   After aligning the rotation center axis of the mold with the rotation center axis of the original work piece using the hole of the accurate rotation center provided in the mold of the fourth invention, immediately before the work original form is turned upside down again , Partial plan view of sandwich state of the flat plate 2, the paper piece 2, the original work and the mold   The lower part of the mold according to the second invention is the mold according to the sixth invention, and the mold according to the seventh invention is bound with a string, and then the rotation center of the mold is rotated to the rotation center axis of the original work. Partial cross section with shaft

Explanation of symbols

1 Original Form 2 Forming Die 3 Disc 4 Precise Rotation Center Hole 5 in the Mold 5 Paper Piece 2
6 Plane plate 2
7 Tightening string 8 Protrusion to prevent loosening

Claims (8)

  When a ceramic piece is molded by hand using an electric pot for pottery, the original form is formed by grinding the raw soil on the turntable of the electric pot for pottery to the height corresponding to the piece by the usual hand-made technique. The mud layer on the surface of the raw material soil generated by the use of water in the middle of molding is removed with a soil scraper or the like to obtain a substantially uniform raw material soil state, and the rotation center axis of the original work piece and the mold Using the mold for molding the work that can be aligned with the rotation center axis of the work, turning the turntable to shape the raw material soil of the original work along the forming surface of the mold and forming the shape of the work A method for molding ceramics, comprising a molding step of holding a product and releasing the molded product after semi-drying.   Set the mold release part that releases the base of the hill part so that the outer part of the turntable is located on the hill part of the original work with the substantially uniform raw soil state, and adjust the position of the mold The mold for molding the work used in the method for molding ceramics according to claim 1, wherein the rotation center axis of the mold can be aligned with the rotation center axis of the original work.   The bottom part of the original work or its peripheral part in which the outer part previously cut off from the turntable surface is made into a substantially uniform raw soil state is fixed after confirming the rotation center axis of the mold on the turntable. In order to avoid direct contact with the bottom of the pedestal of the mold and becoming an adhesive state, measures such as eliminating the wet part at the bottom of the original work piece or its peripheral part, 2 is placed on the bottom of the pedestal of the mold in an upright state, and the position of the original shape of the work is adjusted so that the rotation center axis of the original shape of the work can be aligned with the rotation center axis of the mold. A mold for molding the work used in the ceramic molding method described above.   The work original shape in which the outer portion separated from the turntable surface is made into a substantially uniform raw soil state is turned upside down to confirm and fix the rotation center axis on the turntable, and an inverted mold is placed thereon. 2. The mold for use in molding a ceramic used in the method for molding ceramics according to claim 1, wherein the position of the mold can be adjusted to align the rotation center axis of the mold with the rotation center axis of the original work. Mold.   5 to 50 mm, preferably 10 to 50 mm at the circumferential positions such as the bottom, the hill, and the waist of the mold according to any one of claims 2 to 4, so as not to trap air between the raw material soil of the original work. 2. The mold for molding the work used in the method for molding ceramics according to claim 1, wherein air vent holes having a needle hole size are provided at substantially equal intervals of 10 to 20 mm.   The molding die according to any one of claims 2 to 5, comprising only a lower part from a hill part to a waist part or a torso part of the molding die, and molding the shape of only the lower part of the work and holding the molding part. The mold for molding the work used in the method for molding ceramics according to claim 1.   The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, for facilitating handling or operation of the mold, or for removing the molded article in a case where it is impossible or difficult to remove the molded article. 2. The mold for molding a work used in the method for molding ceramics according to claim 1, wherein the mold is divided into multiple parts.   When a ceramic piece is formed by hand-making such as hand-bending, string-making, or using a hand-claw, the mold according to any one of claims 2 to 7 or the mold according to any one of claims 2 to 7 is used. Using a mold created with an emphasis on the original work molding function, the shape of the work is shaped by keeping the raw soil along the molding surface of the mold, and the molded product is held. A method for molding ceramics, comprising a molding step of demolding after semi-drying.

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