JP4143937B1 - Ceramic molding method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a means by which a beginner or an unskilled person can easily form a hand-made ceramic work in a shorter skill period.
[Solution] If you can easily hold the molded product by shaping the work shape easily without using the virgin raw material soil, which is necessary for maintaining the shape in the middle of the work by hand making using the electric pot for ceramics, Long skill periods are not required. We have invented a ceramic molding method that uses a mold with water and oil repellency functions on the contact surface with the original work in the middle of molding. Inventing a mold in which water repellent and oil repellency functions are added to the contact surface of the mold that can match the rotation center axis of the original mold and the rotation center axis of the mold, and the mold The shape of the work was formed using a mold, the molded product was held, and the molded product was demolded after being semi-dried. The mold can also be applied to molding hand-made ceramics such as using a string or a hand-claw. According to the present invention, even a beginner or an unskilled person can easily form a hand-made ceramic work in a shorter period of skill.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for molding ceramics by hand and a mold.

Hand-making includes hand-knitting, string-making, hand-cuttering, or a potter's wheel.
Japanese Patent No. 3918118.

  However, by any of the above methods, it is quite difficult to mold ceramics by hand. Especially for beginners and unskilled workers, it is more difficult to form ceramics by hand using a ceramic pot, and a long skill period is required.

Therefore, the present invention can be applied to both pottery and porcelain, and can be applied to hand-made ceramics such as hand-bending, string-making, or using a hand-claw. It is an object of the present invention to provide a means by which a ceramic work can be easily formed by hand using a ceramic pot for the period.
In this text, raw soil means clay for ceramics and magnetic soil for porcelain.

  In order to solve the above problems, in order to develop a method for molding ceramics, a molding die to which performance and functions suitable for the method have been invented will be described below.

  When a ceramic work is molded by hand using a ceramic pot for ceramics, virgin raw material soil, which is necessary for maintaining the shape during the molding process, is not necessary, and the shape of the work is easily formed. If the molded product can be held, it can be molded without requiring a long skill period.

  When grinding the material soil on the turntable of the electric pot for pottery to form the original work, do not remove the mud layer on the surface of the raw material soil that is generated by the use of water during the forming process. When pressed directly against the molding surface of the molding die, when the molded product is semi-dried away from the molding die, a crack or a crack occurs on the contact surface outside the molding product that is in contact with the molding die molding surface.

  Even if it directly presses against the molding surface of the mold without removing the mud layer on the surface of the raw material soil in the outer part of the original shape of the work, the contact surface of the forming mold that is in contact with the original shape of the work is water-repellent. In addition, it was discovered that cracking or cracking generated on the contact surface outside the molded product can be avoided by adding an oil-repellent function, and a ceramic molding method and mold have been invented utilizing this discovery.

  There is basically no process for forming a mud layer as described above in hand-made ceramics such as hand-bending, string-making or using a hand-claw, so the above-mentioned mold can be applied.

  However, since the mold generally used for mass-produced machine baskets is not suitable for the present invention, it is suitable for the method of molding ceramics by hand using a ceramic pot for ceramics. We have invented a mold with water and oil repellent functions. They were applied to hand-made ceramics molding methods such as hand-kneading, stringing or using hand-claws.

  The mold of the present invention must have functions and accuracy that are suitable for the method of molding ceramics by hand using a ceramic pot, in addition to the original ceramic molding function. To do.

  Condition 1: The mold used in the standing state on the turntable can be confirmed in the center of rotation at the upper end of the lip of the mold or the outer peripheral upper end of the mold, and used even in the inverted state. The mold should be able to confirm the center axis of rotation even with a hole provided at the exact center of rotation.

  Condition 2, regardless of whether it is set up on the turntable in a standing or inverted state, the rotation center axis of the mold is exactly perpendicular to the turntable surface, and the rotation center axis of the mold is It can be easily aligned with the rotation center axis of the table and can be fixed.

  Condition 3: The rotation center axis of the original work and the mold can be easily aligned and fixed on the turntable.

  Condition 4: Water-repellent and oil-repellent functions are added to the contact surface of the mold that is in contact with the original work, that is, the entire molding surface of the mold, the hill and the edge.

  The first invention has a function and accuracy that should be suitable for the ceramic molding method in addition to the original work molding function in order to easily mold ceramic works by hand using a ceramic pot for ceramics, Inventing a mold having water-repellent and oil-repellent functions on the contact surface with the original work, enabling the use of the mold, and using the mold for molding the work, It is a ceramic molding method including a molding step of molding and holding the molded product, and demolding after the molded product is semi-dried.

  That is, the material soil on the turntable of the electric pot for ceramics is ground up to the height corresponding to the work using water to form the original work, and on the contact surface with the original work for forming the work A mold having water-repellent and oil-repellent functions is aligned with the rotation center axis of the original work and the rotation center axis of the mold is fixed to the turntable surface with the tool material soil.

  Thereafter, turning the turntable to form the shape of the work along the molding surface of the original shape of the work, holding the formed product, and removing the mold after the molded product is semi-dried A method for forming a ceramic work including the method of forming a raw material soil of the original work piece without forming a mud layer on the surface of the raw material soil in the outer part of the original work shape generated by the use of the water Forming a shape of the work along a surface.

  The second invention is hand-made by hand-bending, string-making, or hand-claw-making, and a mold for forming a work is fixed to the turntable surface with the raw material soil for the tool, and the raw soil is used as the molding surface of the molding die. A method for forming a ceramic work including a step of forming a shape of the work along the way, holding the formed product, and removing the mold after the molded product is semi-dried. It is a method characterized by including the process of using the said shaping | molding die which added water and the oil-repellent function.

  Before the molds used in the method of the third or fourth invention, or the molds of the fifth to eighth inventions have functions and accuracy that should be suitable for a method of molding ceramics by hand using a ceramic pot, Since the original work forming function is provided, it can be applied to the method for forming a ceramic of the second invention.

  On the other hand, the mold used exclusively for the method for molding ceramics according to the second invention does not require functions and accuracy to be suitable for the method for molding ceramics by hand using a ceramic pot for ceramics. If the original mold forming function of the mold used in the method or any of the molds of the fifth to eighth inventions is provided, the present invention can be sufficiently applied.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the method of the first aspect, the step of aligning with the rotation center axis separates the original work piece from the turntable surface, and the bottom of the cut original work piece or its peripheral part is a raised part of the mold. In order to avoid being in direct contact with the bottom and becoming an adhesive state, a treatment is performed to eliminate the wet portion on the bottom or the peripheral portion.

  Next, the method includes the steps of confirming and fixing the rotation center axis of the mold on the turntable, placing the original work piece in a standing state on the bottom of the hill portion of the forming mold, and adjusting the position of the original work piece. The method is characterized in that the mold having water-repellent and oil-repellent functions added to the contact surface with the original work.

  The molding die is used for the same object as the molding die of the fifth invention. However, the molding die is easily supported after the molding operation because it securely supports the bottom of the elevated part of the molding. Either the molding die used in the method of the third invention or the molding die of the fifth invention, comprehensively judging the operability of molding, the skill level for the molding operation, the ease of handling of the molded product after the molding operation, etc. Select and adopt.

  Since the wet part of the bottom of the original work piece or its peripheral part is in direct contact with the bottom of the hill part of the mold to be in an adhesive state, in order to avoid this, if there is the wet part, one of the following measures Or a combination of the following treatments.

  First, remove the wet part of the original shape and its peripheral part with a soil scraper or the like, or apply a dry gypsum board or the like to the bottom and its peripheral part to eliminate the wet part.

  Measure 2, place a suitable amount of dried raw soil powder or cereal powder in advance on the bottom of the high part of the mold, or dry raw soil powder or cereal powder on the bottom of the original work and its surroundings. Adhere to avoid adhesion. The dried raw soil powder or cereal powder is removed by cutting the raw terrain, or the raw soil powder is assimilated and the cereal powder is burned off during the subsequent firing of the work.

  Step 3: A disk for placing the original work is placed on the bottom of the high platform of the mold, and the bottom of the original work or its peripheral part and the bottom of the high platform of the mold are isolated.

  In the case of avoiding the adhesion state by placing the third disk, the diameter of the disk is 2 to 12 mm, preferably 4 to 8 mm smaller than the diameter of the bottom of the hill of the mold, and the original work is The thickness and size are set so that the bottom end portion of the original work piece protruding from the disk does not adhere to the bottom of the hill portion of the mold when placed on the disk.

  According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in the method of the third aspect of the invention, the step of aligning with the rotation center axis is fixed by confirming the rotation center axis on the turntable by overturning the original work piece separated from the turntable surface. The method further comprises a step of placing the inverted mold on the surface and adjusting the position of the mold, wherein the mold is provided with a water-repellent and oil-repellent function on the contact surface with the original work. It is the method characterized by using.

There is a large difference in the diameter between the hill part and the lip, such as a bowl, and it is difficult to handle by deforming the vicinity of the lip of the original work by directly touching with the hand. If it is easy to remove the mold, the mold used in the fourth invention is adopted.
In the case of checking the center axis of rotation with the exact center of rotation hole of the mold used even in the inverted state, the center hole of the rotation center is circular, and its diameter is 5 to 20 mm, preferably 8 to 12 mm.

  When confirming the rotation center axis at the upper end of the outer periphery of the mold, the mold is created so that the upper end of the lip of the molding surface and the upper end of the outer periphery are concentric. The rotation center axis can be confirmed in both or at least one of the hole of the rotation center and the upper end of the outer periphery.

  Two pieces of flat plates that are lightweight and can maintain flatness in order to turn the original work upside down, and further, a piece of paper to avoid the hill bottom and mouth edge of the original work being adhered to the flat plate Two pieces are used. The flat plate 1, the paper piece 1, the original work piece, the paper piece 2 and the flat plate 2 are integrated in a sandwich state, and an upside down operation is performed.

  In addition, the weight of the mold is reduced as much as possible so that the original shape of the work is not deformed by the weight of the mold, but when the material of the mold is gypsum, the diameter is 150 to 200 mm. The thickness from the lip to the waist or hill is about 3 to 12 mm, and in particular, when the hole at the center of rotation is provided in the mold, the bottom is about 3 to 7 mm.

  According to a fifth aspect of the invention, it is set so that it is located on a hill part of the original work piece used in the method of the first invention, and the position is adjusted so that the rotation central axis can be aligned with the rotation central axis of the original work piece. The mold is a mold in which the bottom of the hill part is released, and a water-repellent and oil-repellent function is added to the contact surface with the original work shape.

When there is no significant difference in the diameter between the hill part and the waist part or the trunk part of the work, and the mold can be easily removed, the mold of the fifth invention is adopted.
When using the mold, it is not necessary to move the original work before the molding operation, and the molding operation does not require that much skill, but there is no support at the bottom of the hill of the molded product. Care must be taken to prevent deformation and damage to the bottom of the raised part of the molded product.

  The sixth invention is used in the method of the first, third or fourth invention, and is 10 to 50 mm in the circumferential position of the bottom, the hill and the waist so as not to trap air between the raw material soil of the original work. It is a molding die provided with air vent holes of a needle hole size at equal intervals, and a water-repellent and oil-repellent function is added to the contact surface with the original work shape.

  The mold has an advantage that a beginner or an unskilled person can pay attention to a molding operation other than the air venting operation.

  The seventh invention is used in the method of the first, second, third, or fourth invention, and the lower part from the hill to the waist or torso so as to form the shape of only the lower part of the work and hold the molded part. A mold comprising only a part, wherein a water-repellent and oil-repellent function is added to the contact surface with the original work.

  When the mold is used, a molding operation can be arbitrarily performed by a normal hand-made technique from the trunk portion of the work to the mouth edge or the upper portion of the mouth edge regardless of the mold. On the other hand, since a certain amount of experience is required to use the mold, beginners or unfamiliar with the method of using the mold used in the method of the third or fourth invention, or the mold of the fifth or sixth invention. Suitable for those who have reached the next level of expert.

  The eighth invention is used in the method of the first, second, third or fourth invention to facilitate the handling or operation of the mold, or in the case where it is impossible or difficult to remove the molded product. In order to remove the molded product, the molded product is divided into multiple parts, and is characterized in that water-repellent and oil-repellent functions are added to the contact surface with the original work.

  When using the mold according to the fifth aspect of the invention, the diameters of the waist part, the trunk part, the mouth edge part, etc. of the original work must be smaller than the diameter of the mold bottom part release part. Thus, the mold of the eighth invention is not subject to this restriction.

In addition, when there is a considerable difference in the diameter between the hill part and the waist part or the trunk part of the work, and when it is impossible or difficult to remove the molded product, the molding die used in the method of the third invention or The molding die of the present invention in which the molding die of the fifth invention is divided into multiple parts in the direction of the rotation center axis is adopted.

  When the entire part from the hill part to the mouth edge part of the mold is divided in the direction of the rotation axis, the divided pieces are tied together with a rubber band, a string, a hook-and-loop fastener or the like to be integrated. The upper and lower divided pieces are also divided in the direction of the rotation axis, and the upper and lower divided pieces are divided into the rotation axis direction divided pieces. There is also a method of crafting a joint portion between the lower part of the upper and lower divided pieces and the upper part of the upper and lower divided pieces so as to become a ridge for integration.

  The molds used in the method of the third or fourth invention, or the molds of the fifth invention are functions and accuracy that should be suitable for the method of molding ceramics by hand using a ceramic pot for ceramics in addition to the original function of forming a work. The molds according to the sixth to eighth inventions are provided with an additional function.

  The molds used in the method of the third or fourth invention, or the molds of the fifth to eighth inventions, are reproduced by molding the original ceramic shape itself to make the finished shape of the outer part of the work. In order to hold the molded product, the ceramic prototype before drying is used as the prototype of the molding die. In the molding die, the vicinity of the hill and the edge portion are molded by reproducing the ceramic prototype in detail. It's difficult, so finish it with the usual handmade technique

That is, the hill portion of the molded product is finished with raw material shaving or the like inside and near the hill portion, and the rim portion is finished with boiled leather or the like.
In order to cope with raw material cutting near the hill, the diameter of the hill of the mold is set to be 2 to 10 mm, preferably 2 to 4 mm larger than the diameter of the hill of the ceramic original shape.

Since a convex trace may remain on the outer surface of the molded product at the position of the air vent hole of the mold of the sixth invention or at the position corresponding to the mating part of the divided pieces of the mold of the eighth invention, At that time, it is necessary to finish the molded product to level the convex portions and erase the traces.
As described above, the problem was solved by inventing a mold having a function suitable for that purpose.

  Regarding the element of creating the shape of the outer portion such as the waist and the trunk of the work by the ceramic molding method and mold according to the first or third to eighth inventions, Since most of the mold is determined in the process of selecting the mold, it is possible to pay attention to molding other than the molded part by the mold, and in particular, the molded part that is molded and securely held by the mold. The molding of the inner part can be handled with a margin.

  In a hand-made molding operation using an ordinary electric pot for ceramics, even if the lumbar part and the trunk part of the work have a sensible and good bulge, the hill part, the waist part, the trunk part, etc. Virgin raw soil is required to maintain the shape, and the corresponding thickness will be added to each part, making it almost impossible to perform the molding operation while checking the outer shape. .

  Therefore, while actually molding the inner part that is difficult to confirm, it is forced to proceed with the molding operation in the image of the outer shape almost impossible to confirm, and after the molded product is semi-dried, The molding of the shape of the outer part also requires a difficult molding skill, mainly the sculpture element of the virgin raw material shaving, but at this time the inner part has already been molded and the outer shape is good In situations where it is difficult to have a large bulge, it can no longer be corrected.

  This is one of the major factors that makes the molding operation difficult for beginners and unskilled persons and requires a long skill period. However, if the ceramic molding method and mold of the first or third to eighth inventions are utilized, the shape of the work can be easily molded and the molded product can be held.

Furthermore, the virgin raw material soil, which is necessary for ordinary hand-made techniques for maintaining the shape of the hill, waist, and trunk in the middle of the molding, is unnecessary for the molded product, and the virgin raw material shaving is also unnecessary. It also saves resources and labor.
This is the reason why even beginners and unskilled workers can easily mold hand-made ceramics that use electric pots for ceramics in a shorter period of skill.

  On the other hand, using the ceramic molding method and mold according to the first or third to eighth inventions, it is not possible with the above-mentioned mass production machine bowl, but the original work, inner molding and fabrication, lip The individual characteristics and elements of the author can be fully exhibited or incorporated in each process, such as part-building and finishing or hill-part-building and finishing. .

  The ceramic molding method according to the second invention enables beginners and unskilled workers to experience and practice tasteful and good ceramic molding at an earlier stage.

The best mode for carrying out the invention will be described below.
The ceramic molding method according to the first aspect of the invention is a method of forming a ceramic piece by hand using a ceramic pottery, and has a water-repellent and oil-repellent function on the contact surface with the original work piece. This is a method of switching to a method using an added molding die and returning to a normal handmade technique again after removing the molded product from the molding die.

  When molding this work, the series of operations should proceed smoothly without leaving more time than necessary, and the raw soil on the turntable of the pottery electric pottery is equivalent to the work by the usual handmade technique The original shape of the work is formed by grinding up to the height you want.

  Then, using the mold with water-repellent and oil-repellent function added to the contact surface with the work original shape for forming the work, the rotation center axis of the mold can be aligned with the rotation center axis of the work original shape, While paying attention to the inner structure of the work, taking care not to trap air between the mold and the raw material of the original work, turn the turntable to form the original raw material of the work. The shape of the work is formed along the surface to hold the molded product.

  After the molded product is semi-dried, the mold is removed from the mold and returned to a normal handmade method to finish the hill and the lip. The diameter of the hill part of the original work is 2 to 20 mm, preferably 2 to 8 mm smaller than the diameter of the hill part of the mold, and the thickness of the bottom part is increased accordingly, and molding using the mold is performed. At the time of operation, the thickness of the bottom of the molded product is made suitable for the finished bottom thickness of the work.

The diameter of the mouth edge of the original work is larger than the diameter of the waist and torso, and is about 1/4 to 2/3, preferably about 1/3 to 1/3 of the diameter of the mouth of the mold. 2 is the target.
Since the molding die retains the shape of the ridge, waist, and trunk of the molded product, the molded product does not require virgin raw material soil that is necessary for maintaining the shape in the middle of molding, The thickness of the raw soil such as the hill, waist, and trunk of the original work is the thickness corresponding to each part of the work.

  As described above, the items relating to the diameter of the hill part and the thickness of the bottom part of the original work, the diameter of the lip part, and the thickness of the raw soil such as the hill part, the waist part and the trunk part are the method for molding a ceramic of the first invention, This is a matter to be noted and considered in common when using any of the molds used in the method of the third or fourth invention and the molds of the fifth to eighth inventions.

  In order to add water-repellent and oil-repellent functions to the molds used in the methods of the first to fourth inventions or the molds of the fifth to eighth inventions, the molds are sufficiently dried, Contact surface with the original shape of the work, that is, the entire molding surface of the mold, the hill and the edge, in advance every time it is used for molding operation, with a commercially available water-repellent and oil-repellent spray, After spraying water and oil repellents evenly, it is further sufficiently dried.

  In addition to this, a method used in normal hand-made molding operations such as using a cutting thread when separating the original work etc. from the turntable surface, or using a turtle plate to prevent deformation of a work with a large plateau diameter It is necessary to respond flexibly or consider it appropriately and arbitrarily.

  The second aspect of the invention is that when the ceramic work is formed by hand-bending, string-making, hand-making using a hand-claw, the contact surface with the original work piece for forming the work in the raw material soil for the tool is used. Molding of ceramics including the steps of fixing a mold with water and oil repellent functions to the turntable surface, molding the raw soil along the mold mold surface, and removing the molded product from the mold Is the method.

  When molding the work, the mold used in the method of the third or fourth invention, the mold of the fifth to eighth inventions, the mold used in the method of the third or fourth invention, or Using a mold created with emphasis on the work molding function of any of the molds of the fifth to eighth inventions, by hand-making techniques such as using ordinary hand-bending, string-making or hand-claw Create the work.

  While focusing on the inner structure of the work, taking care not to trap air between the mold and the raw soil, shape the shape of the work along the molding surface of the raw mold. The molded product is held, and after the molded product is semi-dried, the molded product is removed from the mold and returned to a normal hand-made method to finish the high plateau and the mouth edge.

  The third invention is the method of the first invention, wherein the bottom of the original work piece or its peripheral part has a water repellency and oil repellency function added to the contact surface with the original work form. A case where a disk is placed on the bottom of the hill portion of the mold will be described in order to avoid direct contact with the adhesive.

  The mold is set in advance on the turntable, and after confirming the rotation center axis, fixed with tool material soil, the original work piece previously cut off from the turntable surface is placed on the bottom of the hill. The disk is placed on the disk in an upright state, and the position of the disk is adjusted so that the rotation center axis of the original work is aligned with the rotation center axis of the mold.

  Then, while focusing on the inner structure of the work, turn the turntable so that air is not trapped between the mold and the raw material soil of the work, and from the lower part of the mold toward the upper part. Then, the entire shape of the work is formed along the forming surface of the mold so that the raw material soil of the work original shape is pressed from the inside, and the formed product is held.

After the molded product is semi-dried, the mold is removed from the mold, the disk at the bottom of the molded product is removed, and the high plateau and the lip are finished according to a normal handmade technique.
The fourth invention is the method of the third invention, which is used even in the inverted state, and is rotated by the hole at the rotation center of the mold having water-repellent and oil-repellent functions added to the contact surface with the original work. A case of checking the central axis will be described.

The original work piece on the turntable is cut off from the turntable surface and transferred in an upright state on the piece of paper 1 placed on the flat plate 1.
However, when the original work is formed using a lightweight turtle plate, the turtle plate can be used as an alternative to the flat plate 1 and therefore this moving operation is not necessary. There is also a method of separating the original work from the original.

  After placing the paper piece 2 on the mouth edge of the original work piece and further placing the flat plate 2, the flat plate 1, the paper piece 1, the original work piece, the paper piece 2 and the flat plate 2 are sandwiched. The flat plate 1 and the paper piece 1 are removed by integrating and falling down and setting on the turntable.

  While adjusting the position of the flat plate 2 or the piece of paper 2, confirming the rotation center axis of the original work piece, and marking the rotation center axis position of the original work bottom portion smaller than the rotation center hole of the mold And fix it with the tool material soil. At this time, in order to prevent the mold from adhering to the bottom of the hill, measures are taken such as eliminating any wetted portion at the bottom end of the original work.

  Place the inverted mold on the original work piece that has been turned upside down, adjust the position of the mold while checking the marking from the hole at the rotation center of the mold, and rotate the original work piece. After aligning the rotation center axis of the mold with the center axis, the flat plate 2, the paper piece 2, the original work piece and the mold are integrated in a sandwich state, and again fall down.

  The mold integrated with the original work is set on the turntable, and after removing the flat plate 2 and the paper piece 2, the rotation center axis of the mold is confirmed, and then the tool is applied to the turntable surface. Fix with raw soil.

  While paying attention to the inner structure of the work, the turntable is turned from the lower part to the upper part of the mold so as not to trap air between the mold and the raw soil of the original work. The original shape of the work is pressed from the inside so that the entire shape of the work is formed along the molding surface of the mold, and the molded product is held. After the molded product is semi-dried, from the mold After demolding, finish the hill and mouth edge according to the usual hand-made technique.

  The paper piece 1 and the paper piece 2 are used in order to prevent the bottom part of the original work piece from adhering to the flat plate 1 and the lip portion from adhering to the flat plate 2 by directly contacting the original work piece. The paper piece 1 has a substantially circular shape that is 2 to 20 mm larger than the diameter of the bottom of the original work, and the paper piece 2 has a substantially circular shape that is 2 to 20 mm larger than the diameter of the mouth edge of the original work and uses newspaper.

  The flat plate 1 and the flat plate 2 are easy to handle so that the original work is not deformed by inadvertent stress, and is used to stably and reliably fall up and down. It is assumed that the flat plate 2 has a substantially circular shape larger than the diameter of the paper piece 2 and is substantially circular larger than the diameter of the paper piece 2.

  When using the mold of the fifth invention, the paper piece is used when the molded product is separated from the turntable surface together with the mold and is left until the molded product is semi-dried, or The method according to the third aspect of the invention can be applied to prevent the molded product or the bottom of the original work from becoming bonded when the original work is separated from the turntable surface and temporarily placed.

  Furthermore, the usage of the flat plate and the paper piece when using the mold used in the method of the fourth invention is when the original work piece when using the mold used in the method of the third invention is placed on the bottom of the hill part. Can also be applied.

  In the case of using a mold having water-repellent and oil-repellent functions on the contact surface with the original work piece of the fifth invention in the method of the first invention, the original work piece on the turntable is used as the forming mold. Is inserted so as to be inserted into the release part at the bottom of the hill part, set so that the release part is located on the hill part of the original work piece, and the position of the mold is adjusted so that the rotation center axis of the original work piece The rotation center axis of the molding die is aligned, and the molding die is fixed to the turntable surface with the tool material soil.

  Next, turning the turntable from the lower part to the upper part of the mold so as not to trap air between the mold and the raw material soil of the original work while focusing on the inner structure of the work. The entire shape of the work is formed along the forming surface of the mold so that the raw material soil of the work original shape is pressed from the inside, and the formed product is held.

  The mold is separated from the turntable surface together with the mold, and after taking the mold into a semi-dry state, taking into account the prevention of deformation and scratches on the bottom of the mold, Finish the high plateau and mouth edge according to the hand-made technique.

  In the case of using a mold having water-repellent and oil-repellent functions on the contact surface with the original work piece of the sixth invention, molding operation, semi-drying of the molded article, removal of the molded article from the mold Finishing of the mold, the hill part and the mouth edge part, and the like follow the same use procedure as that of the mold used in the method of the third or fourth invention or the mold of the mold of the fifth invention.

  For example, when the mold of the fifth invention is the mold of the sixth invention, it means that the same usage procedure as that of the mold of the fifth invention is followed. Hereinafter, the same meaning is applied to the procedure for using the molds of the seventh and eighth inventions.

  The air vent holes are provided at substantially equal intervals of 10 to 50 mm, preferably 10 to 20 mm, at circumferential positions such as near the bottom corner, near the hill, and the curved portion of the waist to facilitate air removal. In the case where the material of the mold is gypsum, a needle-like object is stabbed in advance in the original mold and is removed after the gypsum is cured, or the cured gypsum mold is used as a needle. Stab with something like At this time, it is necessary to consider not damaging the molding surface of the mold.

  In the case of using a mold having water and oil repellency functions on the contact surface with the original work piece of the seventh invention, only the lower part from the hill to the waist or torso of the work with the mold is used. The upper part is arbitrarily formed by a normal hand-made technique while holding the formed part, and then the edge is finished.

  Subsequent semi-drying of the molded product, demolding of the molded product from the mold, and finishing of the high plateau, etc. are the molds used in the method of the third or fourth invention, or the molding of the fifth or sixth invention. Follow the same procedure of use as any mold in the mold.

  The mold is designed to be adaptable to operation by getting used to the mold used in the method of the third or fourth invention, or the mold of the fifth or sixth invention. Is one of the most difficult parts to mold, and given the key points of molding, it is possible to give a wider width to the molding.

  The molding die used in the method of the third or fourth invention, or the molding die of the fifth or sixth invention, basically molds the entire shape of the ceramic hill, waist, trunk and lip. Holding the molded product.

However, if you get used to the method of use, even if you use the same mold, you will be able to mold higher or lower pieces, regardless of the overall height. The heights of the mold and the work do not necessarily need to match, and can be used properly according to the application.

  When using a mold having water-repellent and oil-repellent functions on the contact surface with the original work piece of the eighth invention, when using the mold of the fifth invention as the mold of the eighth invention, After the divided pieces are set on the turntable surface, they are integrated, and when the mold used in the method of the third or fourth invention is used as the mold of the eighth invention, they are integrated before use.

  Subsequent semi-drying of the molded product, demolding of the molded product from the mold and finishing of the hills are performed by the mold used in the method of the first or second invention, or the method of the third or fourth invention. The procedure is the same as that of the mold used, but after the molded product is semi-dried, the mold is removed from the mold, and the ridge and the lip are finished according to a normal handmade technique.

  When creating the mold, rather than creating separate pieces individually, considering the matching accuracy for integration when using the mold, it is better to create an integral mold and then divide into multiple parts to improve the finishing accuracy of the molded product. To do. When dividing the mold formed as an integral mold, it is necessary to consider not damaging the molding surface of the mold.

  When creating a mold that is tightly bound and integrated with a rubber band, string or hook-and-loop fastener, etc. to prevent the rubber band from slipping and loosening, an anti-slipping or protrusion is provided on the tight part of the mold to prevent loosening. It is necessary to consider.

  In addition, as a means for integrating the molding die, the molding die created as an integral mold is divided into upper and lower parts at the body part, and after processing the joint part with the upper part of the lower part of the upper and lower divided pieces into a convex part, The lower part of the upper and lower divided pieces is also divided in the direction of the rotation axis, and a concave part is added to the joint part with the lower part of the upper part of the upper and lower divided pieces to match the convex part. There is also a method of crafting so as to form a ridge for collectively integrating the rotary axis direction split pieces below the upper and lower split pieces.

  Whether the mold used in the method of the third or fourth invention, or any of the molds of the fifth to seventh inventions is used as it is as an integral mold or as the mold of the eighth invention The basic matters regarding the judgment and the method of allocating the divided pieces in the case of the molding die of the eighth invention will be described.

Basically, in the case of multi-division, in consideration of demolding, the multi-division is made approximately equally in the direction of the rotation center axis, in the case of two divisions, about 180 degrees, and in the case of three divisions, about 120 degrees.
The mold according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is employed when there is no significant difference in the diameter between the hill and the waist or the trunk as in the case of a dish and the like, and the molded product can be easily removed.

  If there is a significant difference in the diameter between the hill and waist or torso, such as a tea bowl, and it is impossible or difficult to remove the molded product, and a polygonal work such as a pentagon or heptagon However, in the case of a shape approximating the rotational center axis symmetry, the molding die used in the method of the third invention or the molding die of the eighth invention in which the molding die of the fifth invention is divided into multiple portions in the direction of the rotational center axis is adopted.

  A mold used in the method of the fourth invention is employed in the case of a work such as a bowl having a large difference in diameter between the hill part and the mouth edge part and easy removal of the molded product.

  In bag-like pieces such as bags, the upper part of the mold has a maximum symmetrical axis, and the upper and lower parts of the mold are divided into two parts. Considering the symmetric diameter, the upper, middle, and lower parts are divided into multiple parts so that the molded product can be easily removed, and if necessary, the parts are divided at the upper, middle, and lower parts. The direction is also multi-segmented.

  When the mold is divided into upper and lower parts or upper, middle, and lower parts, the upper and lower parts or the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the work are individually molded, and then the upper and lower parts or the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the molded product are joined. Alternatively, there is a method in which each part of the mold can be integrated, and the entire shape of the work is integrally formed, and after semi-drying, each part is disassembled so that the entire molded product can be removed. .

  As described above, in the case of multi-division in the direction orthogonal to the rotation center axis and the rotation center axis direction, the mold used in the method of the third or fourth invention, or the mold of the fifth to seventh inventions is used. The molding die according to the eighth aspect of the present invention in which any one of the functions is appropriately combined and each of them is divided into multiple portions in the direction of the rotation center axis is adopted.

  When using any of the molds used in the method of the third or fourth invention, or the molds of the fifth to eighth inventions, the mold on the turntable surface or the turtle plate surface of the electric pot for ceramics In general, tool material soil is used for fixing, but work material soil can be used as tool material soil.

  The molding die used in the method of the third or fourth invention, or the material for the molding die of the fifth to eighth inventions to have the work molding function is used as a set with the molding die used in the method of the third invention. Other materials mainly composed of gypsum, raw soil, wood, plastic, foamed polystyrene, or gypsum, including the disk and the material of the flat plate used for overturning the original work by the method of the fourth invention And composite materials can be used.

  However, the raw soil should be unglazed with the desired shape. Further, when a composite material with other materials mainly made of wood, plastic, polystyrene foam and gypsum is used as the material for the molding surface or the surface of the disk, the molded product is removed from the mold or the disk. The mold forming surface and the disk surface are subjected to a roughing process or the like so that they can be smoothly removed from the mold or peeled off.

  Molds used in the methods of the second to fourth inventions or having the water-repellent and oil-repellent functions of the fifth to eighth inventions usually have water-repellent and oil-repellent functions in a single use. Avoid reuse as it will deteriorate. Water-repellent and oil-repellent functions that do not deteriorate water-repellent and oil-repellent agents are used, or water-repellent and oil-repellent processed that do not deteriorate the entire molding surface, hill and mouth of the mold. Except for cases, water repellent and oil repellent functions are added to the mold in advance every time it is used.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the ceramic molding method according to the first invention is used for molding a ceramic bowl will be described in accordance with an actual operation procedure. The mold includes the functions of the molds of the fifth and sixth inventions, and has a water-repellent and oil-repellent function on the contact surface with the tea bowl original form of the eighth invention divided into two at about 180 degrees in the rotation center axis direction. Use the added mold.

  When molding the tea bowl by hand using a pottery pot, first crush the clay on the turntable of the pottery pot to the height corresponding to the bowl using the usual hand-making technique, Is approximately 6 mm smaller than the height of the ridge of the mold, and the thickness of the bottom is increased accordingly, and the diameter of the lip is approximately ½ of the diameter of the lip of the mold. The thickness of the clay such as the trunk is set to a thickness corresponding to the thickness of each part of the tea bowl, and the tea bowl original shape is formed.

  Next, since the mold is divided into two parts, the release part of the bottom part of the high part of the mold is positioned at the high part so that the ground tea bowl original shape is wrapped in two pieces. It is set on a turntable, and the mold is bound and integrated with a string.

  The rotation center axis of the mold is aligned with the rotation center axis of the tea bowl original shape, the mold is fixed to the turntable surface with tool clay, and the inside and bottom structure of the tea bowl, the bottom thickness, etc. While pouring, turn the turntable to press the clay from the lower part of the mold toward the upper part so that air is not trapped between the mold and the original tea bowl from the inside. In this way, the entire shape of the tea bowl is formed along the molding surface of the mold, and the molded product is held.

  The mold is separated from the turntable surface together with the mold, and the mold is removed from the mold after the mold is semi-dried while taking care to prevent deformation and damage of the bottom of the mold. Demold the product.

  After that, when the convex trace remains on the outer surface of the molded product at a position corresponding to the air vent hole portion of the mold or the mating portion of the divided pieces according to a normal handmade technique, the convex The finish is smoothed to eliminate the traces, the inside of the hill and the vicinity of the hill are finished with clay shaving, and the rim is finished with leather or the like.

  For those who are interested in fields other than the molding field such as pottery painting, glaze, powdering or kneading, the skill period required to become proficient in the molding operation will be more than expected, but it will be the basis of the work If the shape can be easily formed, it will be possible to concentrate a lot of time and time in the field of interest, and the improvement in that field will be quicker, and it can be expected to play an active role. In particular, it is an easy-to-accept means for those who are aiming to create works unique to individuals and who are aiming to be semi-professional or professional in ceramic art.

  For example, although it is half-interested in the base of a pre-molded work that was molded with a skillful skill for painting, even if the ceramic molding method and mold of the present invention are used, it is self-made in all manual processes. Then, if the mold is also a self-made design, it will be possible to create an outstanding painting on the base of a quaintly shaped work, and its significance will be completely different.

  As long as you have basic knowledge and skills of molding operations, you can get further skills and techniques to improve on the video of the ceramic molding method and molds of the present invention. The possibility can be expected in the education of pottery used. Furthermore, it can be expected to expand and develop the base of each field of pottery by using or applying it for education and training in pottery classes, pottery workshops, or passing down pottery techniques and skills.

  The partial cross-sectional view in which the rotation center axis of a mold having water-repellent and oil-repellent functions added to the contact surface with the original work piece of the fifth invention is aligned with the rotation central axis of the original work piece.   The original work is placed on a disk placed on the bottom of the hill of the mold with water and oil repellency added to the contact surface with the original work used in the method of the third invention, and the rotational center of the original work is rotated. Partial sectional view with the shaft aligned with the rotation center axis of the mold   The contact surface with the original work used in the method of the fourth invention uses a hole of an accurate rotation center provided in a mold having a water-repellent and oil-repellent function on the surface of the original work, The partial sectional view of the flat plate 2, the paper piece 2, the work original shape and the sandwich state of the forming die immediately before the work original shape is turned upside down again after aligning the rotation center axis of the forming die   The lower part of the molding die of the fifth invention is the molding die of the seventh invention, and further, the molding die having water-repellent and oil-repellent functions added to the contact surface with the original work piece of the eighth invention is a string. Partial cross-sectional view in which the rotation center axis of the mold is aligned with the rotation center axis of the original work after binding

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Work original form 2 Forming die which added water-repellent and oil-repellent functions to the contact surface with the original work form 3 Disc 4 Precise rotation center hole provided in forming mold 5 Paper piece 2
6 Plane plate 2
7 Strings for binding 8 Protrusions to prevent loosening

Claims (3)

  A hand-made technique using an electric pot for pottery, the raw earth on the turntable of an electric pot for pottery or a turtle board is ground up to the height corresponding to the piece using water, and the original form is formed A mold for forming a work with water-repellent and oil-repellent functions added to the contact surface with the raw material soil is aligned with the rotation center axis of the original mold and the rotation center axis of the mold is used as a tool raw material soil. The turntable surface or the turtle plate surface is fixed, the turntable is turned to shape the shape of the work along the molding surface of the mold, and the molded article is held. A method of molding a ceramic work including a step of demolding after the molded article is semi-dried, without removing the mud layer on the surface of the raw material soil of the outer part of the original work piece generated by the use of the water, The raw material soil of the original work along the molding surface of the mold Method characterized by comprising the step of forming the shape of the work Te.   The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of aligning with the rotation center axis separates the original work piece from the turntable surface or the turtle plate surface, and the bottom of the cut original work piece or its peripheral part is the mold. In order to avoid direct contact with the bottom part of the hill part and becoming an adhesive state, the wet part is removed from the bottom part or the peripheral part, and the rotation center axis of the mold is confirmed on the turntable or the turtle plate. The method includes the steps of: fixing the work original shape in an upright state and placing the work original shape on the bottom of the hill portion of the mold, and adjusting the position of the original work shape.   2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of aligning with the rotation center axis separates the original work piece from the turntable surface or the turtle plate surface, and falls the cut original work piece upside down to turn the turntable or the turtle. After confirming the rotation center axis on the plate and fixing it, placing the inverted mold on it, adjusting the position of the mold, then integrating the work original and the mold again and falling down again, A method comprising the step of confirming and fixing the rotation center axis of the mold on the turntable or the turtle plate.

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