JP2007071892A - Geometry measurement device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a geometry measurement device acquires easily and precisely measuring geometry by a light cutting method. <P>SOLUTION: The surface of a geometry measurement object 84 is irradiated with the light emitted from a light source 85 through two dimensional shutter 86 and a lens 87, and reflected light from the surface of the geometry measurement object 84 is made incident on the light receiving surface of a CCD camera 89 through a lens 88, the surface of the measurement object 84 is photographed by the CCD camera 89. By properly selecting a shutter in the two dimensional shutter 86 for providing an opening state, various projection patterns are projected on the geometry measurement object 84, if necessary. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a shape measuring apparatus that three-dimensionally measures a shape using light.

  FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram of an example of a conventional shape measuring apparatus. This shape measuring apparatus uses an optical cutting method. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 23 denotes a shape measuring object, 24 denotes a measuring table on which the shape measuring object 23 is placed, and 25 emits slit light 26. A slit light source, 27 is a lens that collects reflected light from the shape measurement object 23 and the measurement table 24, 28 is a CCD camera, and 29 is a light receiving surface of the CCD camera.

This shape measuring apparatus projects the slit light 26 emitted from the slit light source 25 onto the shape measuring object 23 and the measuring table 24, and applies the reflected line 30 image 30 </ b> A and the measuring table 24 formed on the shape measuring object 23. The formed images 31A, 32A of the reflection lines 31, 32 are formed on the light receiving surface 29 of the CCD camera 28, and the height of the shape measurement object 23 is determined from the positional relationship of the reflection line image 30A with respect to the reflection line images 31A, 32A. It is to measure.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-337207

  In the medical field, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, the shape measuring method by the light section method is used to measure the shape change of the swelling 54 formed on the surface of the skin, or in the human body measuring field, Application to personal identification or word reading by measuring the shape of the mouth as shown in FIG.

  However, in the conventional shape measuring apparatus shown in FIG. 7 that performs shape measurement by the light cutting method, only the slit light 26 in a predetermined direction can be emitted, and the slit from the optimum direction with respect to the shape measurement object. There is a problem in that it is impossible to project light and project a projection pattern having a shape suitable for the shape of the object to be measured, which makes it impossible to perform highly accurate shape measurement.

  In view of this point, an object of the present invention is to provide a shape measuring device that can perform shape measurement by an optical cutting method easily and with high accuracy.

  In the present invention, the shape measuring apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention is configured by two-dimensionally arranging a light source and a plurality of shutters whose open / close states can be individually controlled, and allows passage of light emitted from the light source. A projection pattern projecting means for projecting the projection pattern onto the shape measurement object and an observation means for observing the surface of the shape measurement object; It is.

  In the present invention, the shape measuring apparatus according to the second invention is the first image for storing the first image of the shape measuring object that can be observed when the projection pattern is projected onto the shape measuring object in the first invention. Storage means, second image storage means for storing a second image of the shape measurement object that can be observed when the projection pattern is not projected onto the shape measurement object, and first image stored by the first image storage means Difference image calculation means for calculating a difference image between the image and the second image stored in the second image storage means is provided.

  In the present invention, according to the first invention, projection patterns of various shapes can be formed by individually controlling the open / closed states of the shutters constituting the two-dimensional shutter, so that the shape measurement is performed by the light cutting method. When measuring the shape of the object, a projection pattern suitable for the surface shape of the object to be measured can be projected. Therefore, the shape measurement of the shape measurement object can be performed easily and with high accuracy.

  In the present invention, according to the second invention, similarly to the first invention, when measuring the shape of the shape measurement object by the light cutting method, a projection pattern suitable for the surface shape of the shape measurement object is projected. In addition, it is possible to remove the influence of ambient lighting and obtain an image based only on the projection pattern. Therefore, the shape measurement of the shape measurement object can be performed easily and with higher accuracy than the first invention.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 84 is a shape measurement object, 85 is a light source that emits uniform illumination light, 86 is a two-dimensional shutter composed of a projection-type liquid crystal display panel arranged in front of the light source 85, and 87 is a two-dimensional shutter 86. A lens arranged in the front, 88 is a lens for collecting reflected light from the surface of the shape measurement object 84, and 89 is a CCD camera for imaging the surface of the shape measurement object 84.

  In the first embodiment of the present invention configured as described above, the light emitted from the light source 85 is irradiated on the surface of the shape measurement object 84 via the two-dimensional shutter 86 and the lens 87, and the shape measurement object. The reflected light from the surface of 84 enters the light receiving surface of the CCD camera 89 through the lens 88, and the surface of the shape measuring object 84 is imaged by the CCD camera 89. The surface shape of the shape measuring object 84 is tertiary. Original measurement.

  In the first embodiment of the present invention, since the two-dimensional shutter 86 is arranged in front of the light source 85, a parallel slit as shown in FIG. Shape measurement of projection patterns of various shapes as required, such as projection patterns 94 made up of light 91, 92, 93 and projection patterns 99 made up of radial slit lights 95, 96, 97, 98 as shown in FIG. It can be projected onto the object 84.

  Therefore, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, when measuring the shape of the shape measuring object 84 by the light cutting method, a projection pattern suitable for the surface shape of the shape measuring object 84 can be projected. The shape measurement of the shape measurement object 84 can be performed easily and with high accuracy.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 100 denotes a face as a shape measurement object, 101 denotes a light source that emits uniform illumination light, and 102 denotes a projection-type liquid crystal display panel for forming a projection pattern arranged in front of the light source 101. A two-dimensional shutter 103, a lens device capable of controlling the magnification of a projection pattern projected onto the shape measurement object 100, and a CCD camera 104 for imaging the shape measurement object.

  Reference numerals 105 and 106 denote image storage devices having a storage capacity for one frame, and 107 denotes a switch for distributing an image signal output from the CCD camera 104 to the image storage device 105 or the image storage device 106.

  Reference numeral 108 denotes a system controller that controls the entire apparatus, and reference numeral 109 denotes a difference image for obtaining a difference image by calculating a difference between an image stored in the image storage device 105 and an image stored in the image storage device 106. An arithmetic circuit 110 is a height measurement unit that measures the height of each part of the shape measurement object from the differential image signal output from the differential image arithmetic circuit 109.

  FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram for explaining the operation of the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5A shows an imaging timing signal given from the system controller 108 to the CCD camera 104. The CCD camera 104 is in an imaging state when the imaging timing signal = H level, and the imaging timing signal = L level. In this case, the non-imaging state is set.

  FIG. 5B shows a projection pattern projection timing signal for controlling the projection timing of the projection pattern by the two-dimensional shutter 102. When the projection pattern projection timing signal is H level, the projection pattern projection timing signal is formed by the two-dimensional shutter 102. When the projected pattern is projected onto the shape measurement object and the projection pattern projection timing signal is at the L level, the two-dimensional shutter 102 is in a closed state and no projection pattern is formed.

  The system controller 108 transmits the image signal acquired when the CCD camera 104 projects the projection pattern onto the shape measurement object, and transmits the image signal to the image storage device 105, and the CCD camera 104 transmits the projection pattern. When the acquired image signal is not projected onto the shape measurement object, the switch 107 is controlled so as to transmit it to the image storage device 106.

  In the second embodiment of the present invention configured as described above, when the face 100 is a shape measurement target, for example, first, a projection pattern formed by the two-dimensional shutter 102 is transmitted via the lens device 103. The image is projected onto the surface of the face 100, the face 100 is imaged by the CCD camera 104, and the image signal obtained in this case is stored in the image storage device 105.

  In this case, for example, as shown in FIG. 6A, an image in which the image of the face 100 by the projection pattern 113 is superimposed on the image of the face 100 by ambient illumination is stored in the image storage device 105. .

  Next, the face 100 is imaged by the CCD camera 104 in a state where all the shutters of the two-dimensional shutter 102 are closed and the projection pattern is not projected onto the face 100, and the image signal obtained in this case is an image storage device. 106. In this case, as shown in FIG. 6B, the image of the face 100 by the environmental illumination is stored in the image storage device 106.

  Next, the difference image calculation circuit 109 calculates the difference between the image stored in the image storage device 105 and the image stored in the image storage device 106, and transmits the difference image signal to the height measurement unit 110. The Thereafter, the same operation is repeated.

  That is, in the second embodiment of the present invention, only when the CCD camera 104 captures an image of either an odd frame or an even frame, the projection pattern by the two-dimensional shutter 102 is projected onto the shape measurement object. The dimension shutter 102 is controlled.

  Therefore, when measuring the shape of the face 100, as shown in FIG. 6C, the image of the face 100 by the projection pattern 113 is superimposed on the image of the face 100 by the environmental illumination shown in FIG. The image of the face 100 by the environmental illumination shown in FIG. 6B is subtracted from the image, and only the image of the face 100 by the projection pattern 113 shown in FIG. 6C is obtained.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment of the present invention, since the two-dimensional shutter 102 is provided, when measuring the shape of the shape measurement object by the light cutting method, the same as in the first embodiment of the present invention. In addition, since it is possible to project a projection pattern suitable for the surface shape of the shape measurement target object and to obtain an image based only on the projection pattern that eliminates the influence of environmental illumination, more than the first embodiment of the present invention, The shape measurement of the shape measurement object can be performed easily and with high accuracy.

  Further, only when the CCD camera 104 captures an image of either an odd frame or an even frame, the projection pattern by the two-dimensional shutter 102 is projected onto the shape measurement object. Even if it is moved or changed, shape measurement can be performed.

  In addition, since the lens apparatus 103 capable of controlling the magnification of the projection pattern to be projected onto the shape measurement object is provided, the projection pattern is applied only to a part of the shape measurement object (for example, the nose or mouth in the face). Can be projected, and this can be magnified to observe a part of the shape measurement object in detail.

1 is a conceptual diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view which shows the example of the projection pattern which can be formed in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the example of the projection pattern which can be formed in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a wave form diagram for demonstrating operation | movement of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view for demonstrating operation | movement of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram of an example of the conventional shape measuring apparatus. It is a figure for demonstrating the problem which the conventional shape measuring apparatus shown in FIG. 7 has. It is a figure for demonstrating the problem which the conventional shape measuring apparatus shown in FIG. 7 has.

Explanation of symbols

84 ... Shape measurement object 85 ... Light source 86 ... Two-dimensional shutter 87, 88 ... Lens 89 ... CCD camera 91-93 ... Slit light 94 ... Projection pattern 95-98 ... Slit light 99 ... Projection pattern 100 ... Face 101 ... Light source 102 ... Two-dimensional shutter 103 ... Lens device 104 ... CCD camera 105, 106 ... Image storage device 107 ... Switch 108 ... System controller 109 ... Difference image calculation circuit 110 ... Height measurement unit 113 ... Projection pattern

Claims (2)

A light source and a two-dimensional shutter configured to two-dimensionally arrange a plurality of shutters that can be individually controlled to open and close, and that controls the passage of light emitted from the light source to form a projection pattern A projection pattern projection means for projecting the projection pattern onto a shape measurement object;
A shape measuring apparatus comprising observation means for observing the surface of the shape measuring object. First image storage means for storing a first image of the shape measurement object that can be observed when the projection pattern is projected onto the shape measurement object;
Second image storage means for storing a second image of the shape measurement object that can be observed when the projection pattern is not projected onto the shape measurement object;
And a difference image calculation means for calculating a difference image between the first image stored in the first image storage means and the second image stored in the second image storage means. The shape measuring apparatus according to claim 1.

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