JP2007068883A - Eyeball observation instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a novel eyeball observation instrument allowing an observer to know in which part of the eyeball clouds and to observe the clouding clearly. <P>SOLUTION: This eyeball observation instrument is provided with a tubular body 2, a disk 3 closing one end of the tubular body 2, a pinhole 6 formed at the center of the disk 3 and allowing the light to enter from the outside into the tubular body, and a convex lens 5 formed by fixing the other end or an intermediate part in the other end side of the tubular body 2, transmitting the light entering from the pinhole 6 into the tubular body and focusing the light reflected from the fundus oculi of the observer. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention is an eyeball observing device for an observer to observe the inside of his / her eyeball for the presence / absence and state of turbidity in the eyeball caused by cataract, flying mosquito disease, vitreous body turbidity or the like.

Cataract is a disease in which white turbidity occurs in the lens in the eyeball, and often occurs with the aging phenomenon of the human body. When the lens of the eyeball becomes turbid due to the onset of cataracts, the visual acuity of the affected person is reduced, causing problems in daily life. When this cataract develops, there is no medicine that can restore the cloudy lens, so the surgical operation removes the cloudy lens caused by the cataract and puts a plastic intraocular lens into it to restore almost normal vision. Is possible. However, there are drugs that can delay the progression of the lens turbidity due to cataracts, and if it is possible to know the onset of cataracts at an early stage, there is often no need to perform surgery by taking this drug. There is a demand for means that can easily know the onset of the disease. Conventionally, in order to know the onset of such cataracts, a device called a slit fistula was used as a device for observing the inside of the eyeball. This slit fistula was observed by other people such as an ophthalmologist in the eyeball. Because of this equipment, those who are suspected of having cataract cannot easily observe themselves. For this reason, the turbidity in the crystalline lens is observed by observing the eyeball as an observer and observing the light source through the pinhole in order to easily know the state of the lens in the eyeball. A device that can easily observe the presence or absence is used (see Patent Document 1). In addition, although the above-mentioned cataract causes turbidity in the lens in the eyeball, diseases that cause turbidity in other eyeballs include flying mosquito disease and vitreous turbidity.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-45283

  However, in the conventional apparatus as shown in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, when there is turbidity in the eyeball, the turbid shadow generated by the light entering from the pinhole is projected onto the retina of the fundus. Since the retina recognizes and observes as turbidity, the presence or absence of turbidity in the eyeball is known, but the detailed shape of this turbidity cannot be known. Although it is clear that turbidity is located on the straight line connecting the pinhole and the retina, that is, turbidity is located in the eyeball, where the turbidity occurred in the eyeball (for example, in the lens) Or whether it occurred in the vitreous).

  Therefore, the present invention has been proposed to solve the problems of the conventional eyeball observer described above, and it is possible to know where the turbidity has occurred in the eyeball and to clarify the turbidity more clearly. It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel eyeball observer that can be observed.

  The present invention has been proposed in order to achieve the above-described problem, and the first invention (the invention according to claim 1) includes a tubular body, a disk for closing one end of the tubular body, A pinhole formed at the center of the disc, and is located at the other end of the tube or in the middle of the other end of the tube. And a convex lens that forms an image of the light beam reflected from the fundus of the observer while passing through the light beam.

  Note that the eyeball observer of the first invention includes a tubular body, and this tubular body is such that light incident from a pinhole reaches the other end uniformly from one end to the other, and reaches the convex lens. Since it should be incident, a cylindrical body having a circular cross-sectional shape is particularly desirable, but a square tube having a square cross-sectional shape may be used. In addition, depending on the conditions such as the environment in which this eyeball observer is used, a sufficient amount of light to be reflected in the observer's eyeball through the pinhole, tube and convex lens can be put into the tube. The diameter of the pinhole may be changed as appropriate. In other words, the size of the pinhole diameter and the clearness of the turbidity in the eyeball that can be observed by the observer are inversely proportional to each other. Therefore, an observer who observes his / her own eyeball with this eyeball observer The diameter of the pinhole may be changeable so that it can be adjusted to a state that is considered appropriate for observation. Any means may be used as a means for changing the diameter of the pinhole, and it has a mechanism for changing the diameter of the pinhole by the operation of a disk in which the pinhole is formed like a diaphragm of a camera. Alternatively, a plurality of disks having pinholes with different diameters formed in advance and made attachable to and removable from the tube are prepared, and a necessary disk is appropriately selected from these disks. It is good also as what is attached to. In addition, a filter made of a translucent material is attached immediately before the pinhole in order to weaken the light incident on the tube from the pinhole to an intensity appropriate for the observer to observe his / her own eyeball. It may be possible. Moreover, the convex lens should just be located in the other end side on the opposite side to the one end with which the disc in which the pinhole was formed was attached with respect to a tubular body, The position of this convex lens is not necessarily an edge part. There is no need to be, and it may be attached in the tube. Further, the size of the eyeball observer and the tube or convex lens provided therein is such that light rays are appropriately incident through the pinhole, convex lens and the eyeball of the observer, and the light rays reflected from the fundus of the observer are imaged. Any size may be used as long as it is configured as described above. These tubes and disks may be made of any material such as metal, plastic, cardboard or cardboard as long as they do not allow light from the outside to pass through. good. Further, as will be described later, when using the eyeball observer of the first invention, the observer observes the inside of the tubular body from the convex lens while holding the position and direction of the tubular body by hand. The tube body may be fixed in position and direction by another member, and the observer may not need to use his / her hand to hold the tube body. That is, the tubular body is held on a pedestal that is stably placed on the floor or the table, and the observer uses his / her hand only for fine adjustment of the position and direction of the tubular body. When the hand is released, the state finely adjusted by the observer may be continued.

  A second invention (invention according to claim 2) is the first invention, wherein the pinhole, the inside of the tube, and the convex lens are located outside the tube and in the vicinity of the pinhole. A light-emitting body that emits a light beam incident on the eyeball of the observer via the light is fixed.

  The eyeball observer of the second invention is formed by fixing a light emitter outside the one end side of the tube, and this light emitter is provided via a pinhole, a tube and a convex lens. Any light source may be used as long as it emits a sufficient amount of light to be reflected within the observer's eyeball. For example, a light bulb or LED can be used. In particular, when a light bulb or LED is used, the power supply can be operated, and the voltage application amount can be adjusted so as to emit a light amount that can be easily observed by an observer.

  A third invention (invention according to claim 3) includes a tube, a light emitter disposed inside one end of the tube or outside one end, and the other end or the other end of the tube. And a convex lens that is positioned in the middle of the beam and passes through the tube incident from the light emitter and forms an image of light reflected from the fundus of the observer. .

  The eyeball observer of the third aspect of the invention also includes a tubular body, similar to the eyeball observer of the first aspect of the invention. However, the tubular body has an equal amount of light incident from one end inside. It is desirable that the cylindrical body has a circular cross-sectional shape, since it should reach from one end to the other end and enter the convex lens. Also good. In addition, in order to weaken the light incident on the tubular body at a position located at one end of the tubular body and on the other end side of the light emitting body to an intensity appropriate for an observer to observe his / her own eyeball A filter made of a translucent material may be attached. Further, the convex lens only needs to be attached to the other end side opposite to the one end where the luminous body of the tubular body is disposed, and the position of the convex lens does not necessarily need to be an end portion. It may be attached in the tube. Further, the size of the eyeball observer and the tube or convex lens provided therein is such that light rays are appropriately incident through the light emitter, convex lens and the eyeball of the observer, and the light rays reflected from the fundus of the observer are imaged. Any size may be used as long as it is configured as described above. These tubes and disks may be made of any material such as metal, plastic, cardboard or cardboard as long as they do not allow light from the outside to pass through. good. As will be described later, when the eyeball observer of the third invention is used, the observer observes the inside of the tubular body from the convex lens while holding the position and direction of the tubular body by hand. The tube body may be fixed in position and direction by another member, and the observer may not need to use his / her hand to hold the tube body. That is, the tubular body is held on a pedestal that is stably placed on the floor or the table, and the observer uses his / her hand only for fine adjustment of the position and direction of the tubular body. When the hand is released, the state finely adjusted by the observer may be continued.

  According to a fourth invention (invention according to claim 4), in the first, second, or third invention, the tube body is slidable in the vicinity of the other end of the tube body. It is characterized by being attached with an eyepiece tube.

  The eyepiece attached to the eyeball observer of the fourth invention is attached near the other end of the tubular body, and when the observer views the pinhole or the light emitter through the convex lens, The observer makes this eyepiece contact with the vicinity of the eyeball of the observer. The eyepiece appropriately regulates the distance between the convex lens and the observer's eyeball. The scale is marked on the tube or the eyepiece, and the scale is used as a reference so that the convex lens and the eyeball of the observer The distance may be defined more precisely. Further, when sliding the eyepiece with respect to the tubular body, it is possible to form a screw groove in each of the eyepiece and the tubular body so that one of them is slid by twisting one of them. good.

  According to a fifth invention (invention according to claim 5), in the first, second, third, or fourth invention, the convex lens can be close to or separated from the pinhole or the light emitter. It is characterized by being made.

  In the eyeball observer of the fifth aspect of the invention, the convex lens can be moved close to or away from the pinhole or the light emitter, and the convex lens can be moved with the entire length unchanged. Alternatively, the overall length may be changed by expanding and contracting the tubular body, and a convex lens may be fixed to the other end of the tubular body, and the convex lens may be moved by changing the overall length of the tubular body. In particular, as an example of a configuration in which the length of the tubular body is changed by extending and contracting, the tubular body includes a first tubular body in which a disk or a light emitting body in which a pinhole is formed, and an end. And a second tubular body having a convex lens fixed to the part, and either one of these may be inserted into the other and slidable with respect to each other. good.

  Further, a sixth invention (invention according to claim 6) is the first, second, third, fourth or fifth invention, wherein the inside of the tubular body and in the vicinity of one end of the tubular body. Is characterized in that another convex lens for condensing the light incident on the inside of the tube from the pinhole or the light emitter onto the convex lens is located.

  The other convex lens constituting the eyeball observer of the sixth aspect of the invention is located on a straight line formed by the pinhole or the light emitter and the convex lens, and from the pinhole or the light emitter to the inside of the tube body. The incident light beam is condensed on the convex lens.

  The seventh invention (the invention according to claim 7) is the first, second, third, fourth, fifth or sixth invention, wherein the pin is disposed in the vicinity of one end of the tubular body. A filter for homogenizing light incident on the inside of the tube from a hole or a light emitter is fixed.

  The filter constituting the eyeball observer of the seventh invention has a high transparency and transmits a light beam from one surface to the other surface at a constant rate, and a light beam incident from this one surface. It is conceivable to use an object that has a property of transmitting the same after being uniformed from the other surface, and frosted glass, milky white plate or the like is used.

  In the first invention described above (the invention according to claim 1), the observer uses this eyeball observer to observe light rays incident from the outside through the pinhole into the tubular body using a convex lens. Can observe the turbidity in his eyeball. That is, when the observer holds the eyeball observer according to the first invention with the pinhole appropriately directed to the light emitter, one end side of the tubular body on which the disk on which the pinhole is formed is located The light beam incident from the light passes through a convex lens located on the other end side of the tube, and further enters the eyeball of the observer. Light rays that enter the eyeball are transmitted through the cornea, aqueous humor, crystalline lens and vitreous body that form the eyeball of the observer, and are reflected at the fundus where the retina is formed at the deepest position of the eyeball. The reflected light further passes through the vitreous body, crystalline lens, aqueous humor and cornea of the eyeball of the observer, jumps out from the front end of the eyeball, passes through the convex lens, and enters the tube again. That is, the light incident from the pinhole enters the eyeball of the observer using this eyeball observer while spreading to the extent of the iris constituting the eyeball, and the incident light is incident on the fundus of the eyeball as described above. By reflecting and transmitting again through the vitreous body, the crystalline lens, the aqueous humor and the cornea and through the convex lens, any arbitrary one of the vitreous body, the crystalline lens, the aqueous humor or the cornea in the tubular body is reflected. A real image of the part is formed. Therefore, the observer observes the state of an arbitrary portion of the vitreous body, the crystalline lens, the aqueous humor, or the cornea that constitutes the eyeball by observing the real image formed by the convex lens. In particular, when the vitreous body, lens, aqueous humor, or cornea has turbidity, the turbid state can be observed. In addition, since the image formation point where the real image is formed changes according to the distance between the convex lens and the observer's eyeball, the observer can change the distance between the convex lens and the observer's eyeball as appropriate. The observer can arbitrarily change the observation position of any cross section of the cornea, aqueous humor, lens and vitreous body of the eyeball. That is, according to the above conventional eyeball observer, the turbidity in the eyeball appears to be shaded, whereas according to the first invention, with respect to the turbidity in the eyeball, the cross section at an arbitrary location It is also possible to observe the shape more clearly. That is, when observing with the above conventional eyeball observer, the turbidity in the eyeball appears to be shaded, so that it can be seen that there is turbidity in the eyeball, but where it is in the eyeball. However, according to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to specify where the turbidity in the eyeball is located. The eyeball observer according to the first aspect of the present invention has been described as that when the observer observes his / her own eyeball, the pinhole is appropriately directed to the light emitter by his / her hand. If the object is held by another member without being touched by the hand, the user's own eyeball can be observed in a more stable state. In other words, it is very difficult for humans to hold an object accurately in a stationary state, and the positional relationship between the convex lens and the observer's eyeball tends to shift, but the eyeball observer is held by another member. In some cases, it is possible to prevent the observation from being hindered by at least a slight tremor of the observer's own hand.

  In the second invention (the invention described in claim 2), it is possible to reliably observe the own eyeball in a more stable state as compared to the eyeball observer of the first invention. That is, as described above, when the eyeball observer of the first invention is used, it is necessary to properly point the pinhole of the eyeball observer to the light emitter. According to the second invention, A light emitter that emits light that enters the eyeball of the observer through the pinhole, the inside of the pipe body, and the convex lens is fixed to the outside of the pipe body and in the vicinity of the pinhole. Can observe its own eyeball without directing the eyeball to the light emitter, and the intensity of light incident on the tube of the eyeball observer is constant and stable. The turbidity in the eyeball that can be seen by observation can be observed under the same conditions, and a stable observation result can be obtained.

  In the third invention (the invention described in claim 3), the observer uses this eyeball observer to observe the light beam emitted from the light emitter and incident on the tubular body with a convex lens. It is possible to observe the turbidity formed in the eyeball. That is, when the observer appropriately holds the eyeball observer according to the third aspect of the invention, the light beam incident from one end side of the tubular body where the light emitter is located is located on the other end side of the tubular body. The light passes through the convex lens and enters the eyeball of the observer. Light rays that enter the eyeball are transmitted through the cornea, aqueous humor, crystalline lens and vitreous body that form the eyeball of the observer, and are reflected at the fundus where the retina is formed at the deepest position of the eyeball. The reflected light further passes through the vitreous body, crystalline lens, aqueous humor and cornea of the eyeball of the observer, jumps out from the front end of the eyeball, passes through the convex lens, and enters the tube again. That is, the light beam incident from the illuminant enters the eyeball of the observer using this eyeball observer while spreading to the extent of the iris constituting the eyeball, and the incident light beam is incident on the fundus of the eyeball as described above. By reflecting and transmitting again through the vitreous body, the crystalline lens, the aqueous humor and the cornea and through the convex lens, any arbitrary one of the vitreous body, the crystalline lens, the aqueous humor or the cornea in the tubular body is reflected. A real image of the part is formed. Therefore, the observer observes the state of any part of the vitreous body, the lens, the aqueous humor, or the cornea that is inside the eyeball by observing the real image created by the convex lens. In particular, when the vitreous body, the lens, the aqueous humor, or the cornea has turbidity, the turbid state can be observed. In addition, since the image formation point where the real image is formed changes according to the distance between the convex lens and the observer's eyeball, the observer can change the distance between the convex lens and the observer's eyeball as appropriate. The observer can arbitrarily change the observation position of any cross section of the cornea, aqueous humor, lens and vitreous body of the eyeball. That is, according to the above-described conventional eyeball observer, the turbidity in the eyeball appears to be shaded, whereas according to the third invention, the turbidity in the eyeball is about a cross section at an arbitrary location. It is also possible to observe the shape more clearly. That is, when observing with the above conventional eyeball observer, the turbidity in the eyeball appears to be shaded, so that it can be seen that there is turbidity in the eyeball, but where it is in the eyeball. However, according to the third aspect of the invention, it is also possible to identify the location in the eyeball where the turbidity in the eyeball is located. The eyeball observer of the third aspect of the invention has been described on the assumption that when an observer observes his / her own eyeball, the pinhole is appropriately directed to the light emitter by his / her hand. If the object is held by another member without being touched by the hand, the user's own eyeball can be observed in a more stable state. In other words, it is very difficult for humans to hold an object accurately in a stationary state, and the positional relationship between the convex lens and the observer's eyeball tends to shift, but the eyeball observer is held by another member. In some cases, it is possible to prevent the observation from being hindered by at least a slight tremor of the observer's own hand.

  In the fourth invention (the invention described in claim 4), an eyepiece that an observer touches the vicinity of the eyeball is attached in the vicinity of the other end of the tube, and the eyepiece is connected to the other end of the tube. In the vicinity, it is slidable with respect to the tube. For this reason, when the observer observes his / her own eyeball with the eyeball observer, the eyeball observer is supported not only by both hands of the observer but also by the observer holding his / her eyeball. By supporting it while pressing it in the vicinity, the observer can observe his / her eyeball while maintaining a more stable state. Further, when observing an eyeball with an eyeball observation device to which an eyepiece is attached, the convex lens constituting the eyeball observation device is maintained by maintaining the eyepiece at a certain position relative to the eyeball observation device. And the distance from the observer's eyeball can be easily kept constant, and in particular, when a scale is formed on each of the eyeball observer and the eyepiece, the convex lens constituting the eyeball observer, The distance to the observer's eyeball can be easily measured, and which part of the observer's eyeball is being observed (whether the cornea, aqueous humor, lens or vitreous is being observed) It helps to know.

  In the fifth invention (the invention according to claim 5), the convex lens can be brought close to or separated from the pinhole or the light emitter. Therefore, in the first to fourth inventions described above, when the observer changes the observation position in his / her own eyeball, the distance between the convex lens and the observer's eyeball is appropriately changed. In the fifth aspect of the invention, while maintaining the positions of the eyeball observer and the eyeball of the observer, the observer can move the convex lens close to or away from the pinhole or the light emitter as described above, so that the observer can You can change the observation location. Further, the convex lens can be moved to an optimum position with respect to the light incident from the pinhole, and the observer can observe his / her own eyeball more reliably.

  In the sixth invention (the invention described in claim 6), since the other eye lens is arranged with another convex lens for condensing the convex lens, the light emitted from the pinhole or the light emitter is weak. Even in this case, it is possible to obtain light necessary for the observer to observe his / her own eyeball.

  In the seventh invention (the invention according to claim 7), a filter for uniformizing the light incident on the inside of the tube from the pinhole or the light emitter is fixed near one end of the tube. Therefore, even when the light emitted from the pinhole or the illuminant is strong, the observer can weaken the light appropriately for observing his / her own eyeball, Even when the light is biased, the observer can observe the light evenly over the entire field of view.

  Hereinafter, the best mode of the eyeball observer according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the eyeball observer 1 includes a cylindrical body 2, a disc 3, an annular plate 4, and a convex lens 5. The cylindrical body 2 is formed by rounding cardboard and shaping it into a cylinder, and has a total length of about 30 centimeters and a diameter of about 4 centimeters. The cylindrical body 2 is a tubular body constituting the present invention. The disk 3 is made of cardboard and has a diameter of about 4 centimeters. The peripheral edge is bonded to the inner surface of the cylindrical body 2 to close one end of the cylindrical body 2. For this reason, from one end side of the cylindrical body 2, the incidence of external light other than the light incident from a pinhole 6 formed at the center of the disc 3 is completely shielded. Further, the annular plate 4 is formed in a ring shape with cardboard, and has an outer diameter of about 4 centimeters and an inner diameter of about 1 centimeter, similar to the disc 3. . The outer peripheral edge of the annular plate 4 is bonded to the inner surface of the cylindrical body 2, and the other end of the cylindrical body 2 is closed. From the other end of the cylindrical body 2, the annular ring 4 is closed. It is designed to completely shield the incidence of external light other than the light ray that enters through the opening (reference numeral is omitted) formed on the plate 4 and to which the convex lens 5 is fixed. The convex lens 5 is made of glass and has a diameter of about 1 centimeter. The convex lens 5 is completely fitted and fixed in an opening (reference numeral is omitted) formed in the annular plate 4. The focal length of the convex lens 5 is about 2 centimeters. Further, a pin hole 6 having an opening with a diameter of about 0.5 mm is formed at the center of the disk 3. A cross-sectional view of the eyeball observation device 1 is shown in FIG. 3. In these FIGS. 1 and 3, the pinhole 6 is shown to be slightly larger than the ratio to the entire eyeball observation device 1.

  The eyeball observation device 1 according to the present invention is configured as described above. Next, a method in which an observer observes his / her own eyeball with the eyeball observation device 1 will be described. First, the observer holds the eyeball observation device 1 with one end side of the cylindrical body 2 directed toward a light emitting body such as a light bulb (not shown) located nearby, and as shown in FIG. 2, its own eyeball E is positioned near the convex lens 5 on the other end side. Then, the light beam that enters the cylindrical body 2 from the pinhole 6 is observed through the convex lens 5. In this way, when the observer holds the eyeball observer 1 with the pinhole 6 appropriately directed to the light emitter, the light incident from the pinhole 6 passes through the convex lens 5 and is observed. Enters the eyeball E of the person. The light rays that enter the eyeball E pass through the cornea, aqueous humor, crystalline lens, and vitreous body that form the eyeball of the observer, and are reflected at the fundus where the retina is formed at the deepest position of the eyeball E. Then, the reflected light beam further passes through the vitreous body, the crystalline lens, the aqueous humor and the cornea of the eyeball E of the observer, jumps out from the front end of the eyeball E, passes through the convex lens 5, and again becomes the cylindrical body. 2 is incident. That is, the light beam incident from the pinhole 6 is reflected on the fundus of the eyeball E, and again passes through the vitreous body, the crystalline lens, the aqueous humor, and the cornea, and also passes through the convex lens 5, whereby the cylindrical body 2 A real image of any part of the vitreous body, lens, aqueous humor or cornea is formed. Therefore, the observer can observe the state of the vitreous body, the crystalline lens, the aqueous humor, or the cornea inside the own eyeball E by observing the real image formed by the convex lens 5, and in particular, the vitreous body. If the body, lens, aqueous humor, or cornea is turbid, you can know the turbidity. Further, since the image formation point at which the real image is formed changes according to the distance between the convex lens 5 and the eyeball E of the observer, the observer appropriately changes the distance between the convex lens 5 and the eyeball of the observer. The observer can arbitrarily change the observation location of any cross section of the cornea, aqueous humor, crystalline lens and vitreous body of the eyeball E.

That is, when the observer places his / her eyeball E close to the convex lens 5, the observer is behind the eyeball E, that is, the cornea, aqueous humor, lens or glass constituting the eyeball E. In the body, the state of turbidity on the fundus (retinal) side close to the convex lens 5 can be observed. Conversely, when the observer gradually moves the eyeball E away from the convex lens 5, the observer gradually moves toward the front side of his / her own eyeball E according to the distance between the convex lens 5 and the eyeball E, That is, in the cornea, aqueous humor, crystalline lens, or vitreous constituting the eyeball E, a turbid state on the cornea side close to the convex lens 5 can be observed. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, when the eyeball E and the convex lens 5 are close to each other (a state where the eyeball E and the convex lens 5 are close to each other), the cross section of the eyeball is shown in detail. The turbidity in the vitreous body E ₂ close to the fundus (retina) E ₁ located in the cross section of the α-ray can be observed, and the observer can observe the eyeball from the state shown in FIG. 3 to the state shown in FIG. As E moves away from the convex lens 5 (the eyeball E and the convex lens 5 are gradually made larger than the distance L to become the distance L ′), the fundus (retina in the retina) is sequentially positioned on the β-line cross section. ) Turbidity in the vitreous body E ₂ away from E _1, the lens E ₃ located in the section of γ-ray, the aqueous humor E ₄ located in the section of δ-line, or the cornea E ₅ located in the section of ε-line The state can be observed. Note that the average diameter of a general adult eyeball is 23 to 24 millimeters, and the focal length of the convex lens 5 used in the eyeball observer 1 is 20 millimeters. Since the observer sees the image formed by the convex lens 5, the observer observes the image from outside the focal length, and the observer who observes his own eyeball E by the eyeball observer 1 always uses the convex lens 5. The produced real image is observed, and therefore, the turbidity generated in the eyeball E can be clearly observed. Further, when it is desired to know where the turbidity observed by the observer is located in the own eyeball, the average diameter of the eyeball, the focal length of the convex lens 5, and the eyeball of the observer By calculating the distance between E and the convex lens 5 based on the numerical value, and knowing that the image being viewed is a cross-sectional image at a position of how many centimeters from the tip of the eyeball E to the fundus. Can do. In addition, when observing the own eyeball with this eyeball observer 1, an observer who is not turbid in the eyeball, or an observer who is observing a place where there is no turbidity although there is turbidity in other places, As shown in FIG. 6A, no turbidity can be observed in the field of view, but the observer who is observing the turbidity in the eyeball and causing the turbidity is shown in FIG. As shown in (B), the turbidity M can be observed in the field of view. Although details are omitted, when the observer observes his / her eyeball E with the convex lens 5, the eyeball E is sufficiently dark because the light is dark even though the pinhole 6 is appropriately directed to the light emitter. In addition to using a brighter light emitter, a plurality of disks 3 each having pinholes 6 of different diameters are prepared and the disk 3 of the eyeball observer 1 is attached or detached. It is also possible that an arbitrary disk 3 can be attached. That is, when the disc 3 having a pinhole having a large diameter is attached, the observer can observe turbidity in a bright state (however, inferior in sharpness). When the disc 3 having a small pinhole is attached, the observer can observe turbidity in a dark state (however, in a clear state).

  Although the best embodiment of the eyeball observation device 1 according to the present invention has been described above, the eyeball observation device may be related to another embodiment. That is, like the eyeball observation device 11 shown in FIG. 7, it includes a cylindrical body 12, a disk 13, an eyepiece 14, a light bulb 15, and an unillustrated annular plate and a convex lens. The cylindrical body 12, the circular plate 13, the circular plate and the convex lens (not shown) and the pinhole 16 formed in the circular plate 13 constitute the cylindrical body 2 constituting the eyeball observer 11. The circular plate, the circular plate 4, the convex lens 5, and the pinhole 6 have the same configuration, and the circular plate and the convex lens are disposed on the other end of the cylindrical body 12 where the circular plate is positioned at one end. Since it is located similarly to 1, description is abbreviate | omitted. The eyepiece 14 is a cylindrical body having an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical body 12, and the total length is about 10 centimeters. The eyepiece 14 is made of cardboard like the cylindrical body 2, and the other end side of the cylindrical body 12 is inserted into the opening inside. Further, the light bulb 15 is fixed to one end side of the cylindrical body 12 via an attachment piece 15 a, and in particular, the light bulb 15 is located in the vicinity of the pinhole 16. The power cord 15b of the light bulb 15 is connected to a power supply and a switch (not shown), and an observer using the eyeball observation device 11 operates the switch to turn on the light bulb 15 and Can be turned off.

  The eyeball observer 11 according to the present invention has the above-described configuration, but the observer observes his / her own eyeball using the eyeball observer 11 in substantially the same manner as the eyeball observer 1. However, unlike the eyeball observer 1, the eyeball observer 11 does not particularly need to point the pinhole 16 toward the light emitter. That is, when the observer observes his / her own eyeball with the eyeball observer 11, the observer turns on the light bulb 15 to emit light, and then emits from the light bulb 15 via the convex lens and from the pinhole 16. A light beam incident on the cylindrical body 12 is observed. Also in this case, the light emitted from the light bulb 15 enters the eyeball E of the observer, and the observer can observe his / her own eyeball as in the case of the eyeball observer 1. In the eyeball observation device 1, it is necessary for the observer to appropriately support the distance between the convex lens 5 and the own eyeball E while observing the own eyeball while supporting the cylindrical body 2 with only both hands. It is difficult to keep the distance between the eyeball 5 and the own eyeball E appropriate, and the distance is also rough. On the other hand, the eyeball observer 11 uses a convex lens (not shown) and the own eyeball E. It is easy to hold the distance while maintaining an appropriate distance, and the distance can be more accurate. That is, the cylindrical body 12 is inserted into the eyepiece tube 14, and the cylindrical body 12 and the eyepiece tube 14 are slidable with each other, and the length of the end of the eyepiece tube 14 protruding from the other end of the cylindrical body 12. Can be arbitrarily determined. For this reason, after making the length which the edge part of the eyepiece 14 protruded from the other end of this cylindrical body 12 appropriate, an observer slightly touches the edge part of the cylindrical body 14 from the upper part of the own eyeball E. By supporting the cylindrical body 12 with both hands while pressing, the user's own eyeball E can be observed in a more stable state than when the cylindrical body is simply supported with both hands. Note that a volume switch that allows the brightness of the light bulb 15 to be appropriately changed may be attached so that the observer can observe his / her eyeball E with a more appropriate brightness. Although detailed description is omitted, in order to accurately and easily measure the distance between the convex lens and the other end of the eyepiece tube 14, a scale like a ruler may be formed on the cylindrical body 12 and / or the eyepiece tube 14. good. Further, when the scale is formed in this way, a description is given to which part of the eyeball the part currently observed by the observer described in the above-mentioned 0028 corresponds to the scale. It is good as a thing. Further, threaded grooves corresponding to each other may be formed in the cylindrical body 12 and the eyepiece tube 14, and the eyepiece tube 14 may be moved forward or backward with respect to the cylindrical body 12 by engaging with each other.

  Furthermore, the eyeball observer according to the present invention may be in a form other than the eyeball observers 1 and 11 described above. That is, like the eyeball observer 21 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, it includes a cylindrical body 22, an inner cylinder 23, an annular plate 24, a convex lens 25, and a light bulb 26. Since the cylindrical body 22 constituting the eyeball observer 21 has the same configuration as the cylindrical body 2 constituting the eyeball observer 1, the description thereof is omitted. The inner cylinder 23 is a cylindrical body having an inner diameter slightly smaller than the outer shape of the cylindrical body 12, and the total length is about 10 centimeters. The eyepiece 14 is made of thick paper like the cylindrical body 2 and is inserted into the opening on the other end side of the cylindrical body 12. The annular plate 24 is the same as the annular plate 4 and is formed in a ring shape with cardboard, and has an outer diameter of about 4 centimeters and an inner diameter of about 2 centimeters. It is said that the size. The outer peripheral edge of the annular plate 24 is in close contact with the inner surface of the inner cylinder 23 and closes the other end of the inner cylinder 23. From the other end side of the inner cylinder 23, the annular plate 24 is closed. The external light other than the light incident from the opening (reference numeral omitted) to which the convex lens 25 is fixed is completely shielded. In this eyeball observation device 21, the cylindrical body 22 and the inner cylinder 23 are combined to form a tubular body constituting the present invention. For this reason, the entire length of the eyeball observer 21 can be expanded and contracted, and the convex lens 25 can be brought close to or separated from the light bulb 26 along with the expansion and contraction of the entire length. The light bulb 26 is the same as the light bulb 15 of the eyeball observation device 11 described above, and is fixed to one end side of the cylindrical body 22 via an attachment piece 26a. In particular, the light bulb 26 is the cylindrical body. 22 is located in the vicinity of the opening on one end side. The power cord 26b of the light bulb 26 is connected to a power source and a switch (not shown), and an observer using the eyeball observation device 21 operates the switch to turn on the light bulb 26 and Can be turned off.

  The eyeball observer 21 according to the present invention is configured as described above, but the observer observes his / her own eyeball by using the eyeball observer 21 in substantially the same manner as the eyeball observers 1 and 11. can do. That is, when the observer observes his / her own eyeball with the eyeball observation device 11, the observer switches on the light bulb 26 to emit light, and then emits from the light bulb 26 via the convex lens 25 and emits the cylindrical body 22. Observe the light rays entering the inside. Also in this case, the light emitted from the light bulb 26 enters the eyeball E of the observer, and the observer can observe his / her own eyeball as in the case of the eyeball observers 1 and 11. . In this eyeball observation device 21, unlike the above eyeball observation devices 1 and 11, a configuration in which a disc and a pinhole are not located at one end of the cylindrical body 22 is used. The eyeball E can be observed particularly effectively when the portion of the filament that emits light within the light source 26 is small enough to be handled as a point light source. In this eyeball observation device 21, the observer observes his / her own eyeball while supporting the cylindrical body 22 and the inner cylinder 23 with both hands, and slides the inner cylinder 23 back and forth with respect to the cylindrical body 22. can do. For this reason, when using this eyeball observer 21, the observer can adjust the distance between the convex lens 25 and the light bulb 26 to be a distance particularly suitable for observing the eyeball E, and Each part in the eyeball E of the observer can be observed by moving the inner cylinder 23 back and forth and moving the convex lens 25 back and forth while keeping the positions of the cylindrical body 22 and the eyeball E of the observer constant.

  Furthermore, as an eyeball observer according to the present invention, other convex lenses and filters may be attached to the eyeball observers 1, 11 and 21 described above. That is, the eyeball observer 31 whose cross section is shown in FIG. 10 includes a cylindrical body 32, an annular plate 33, a convex lens 34, another annular plate 35, another convex lens 36, and a filter 37. The cylindrical body 32, the annular plate 33, and the convex lens 34 that constitute the eyeball observer 31 have the same configuration as the cylindrical body 2, the annular plate 4 and the convex lens 5 that constitute the eyeball observer 1, respectively. Therefore, explanation is omitted. In addition, another annular plate 35 is fixed in the opening in the middle of the one end side of the cylindrical body 32. The other annular plate 35 is made of cardboard in an annular shape, and has an outer diameter of about 4 centimeters and an inner diameter of about 2 centimeters. The other annular plate 35 has an outer peripheral edge that is in close contact with the inner surface of the cylindrical body 32, and is formed on the other annular plate 35 from the one end side of the cylindrical body 32 through the filter 37. External light other than light incident from an opening (reference numeral omitted) to which the other convex lens 36 is fixed is completely shielded. The other convex lens 36 is fixed in the opening of the other convex lens 36, and collects the light beam entering from one end side of the eyeball observation device 31 on the convex lens 34. The filter 37 diffuses the light incident on the cylindrical body 32 of the eyeball observation device 31 to make the light uniform, and then makes the light incident on the other convex lens 36 and the convex lens 34. In the example of the eyeball observer 31, frosted glass is used.

  The eyeball observation device 31 according to the present invention has the above-described configuration. The observer uses his / her eyeball in the same manner as the eyeball observation devices 1, 11, and 21. Can be observed. That is, first, the observer picks up the eyeball observer 31 and holds one end side of the cylindrical body 32 toward a light emitter such as a light bulb (not shown) located nearby, as shown in FIG. The own eyeball E is positioned in the vicinity of the convex lens 5 on the other end side of the cylindrical body 32. Then, the light beam that enters the cylindrical body 32 from the filter 37 is observed through the convex lens 34. Also in this case, the light emitted from the filter 37 enters the eyeball E of the observer, and the observer observes his / her own eyeball as in the case of the eyeball observers 1, 11 and 21. Can do. In this eyeball observation device 31, a filter 37 that diffuses light incident on the cylindrical body 32 is attached, and another convex lens 36 that condenses the light incident on the cylindrical body 32 on the convex lens 34. Since it is fixed, sufficient observation is possible even when the light incident on the cylindrical body 32 is weak, and even when the light is biased, the entire field of view of the observer is observed without bias. Can do. In particular, when a light bulb is used as a light emitter, as in the examples shown in the eyeball observers 1, 11, 21, 31 described above, the filament that is the light emission point of the light bulb is directly observed, and the observation is performed. The light distribution in the person's field of view may be biased, but even in this case, more reliable observation can be achieved by observing through the filter as described above. It will be possible. In addition, in any of the eyeball observers 1, 11, 21, and 31 according to the above-described embodiments, the observer himself holds the eyeball observer by hand. By fixing the cylindrical bodies 2, 12, 22, and 32 to a table-like member that can be placed, the observer need not hold the eyeball observers 1, 11, 21, and 31 by hand. good. In this case, the observer can prevent a situation in which the observation is not stabilized due to shaking by his / her hand.

It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance which observed the eyeball observation device which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention from the one end side. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance which observed the eyeball observation device which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention from the other end side. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the eyeball observer based on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the cross section in the eyeball observed with the eyeball observation device which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the eyeball observer based on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the cross section of the eyeball which an observer observes with the eyeball observer which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance which observed the eyeball observation device which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention from the one end side. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance which observed the eyeball observer based on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention from the one end side. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance which observed the eyeball observation device which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention from the other end side. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the eyeball observer based on the 4th Embodiment of this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Eyeball observation device 2 Cylindrical body 3 Disc 5 Convex lens 6 Pinhole 11 Eyeball observation device 12 Cylindrical body 13 Disc 14 Eyepiece 15 Light bulb 16 Pinhole 21 Eyeball observation device 22 Cylindrical body 23 Inner tube 25 Convex lens 26 Light bulb 31 Eyeball observation Instrument 32 Cylindrical body 34 Convex lens 36 Other convex lens 37 Filter E Eyeball E ₁ Fundus

Claims (7)

  A tube, a disk that closes one end of the tube, a pinhole that is formed at the center of the disk and that allows light from the outside to enter the tube, and the other end of the tube or other An eyeball comprising: a convex lens that is positioned in the middle of the end side, and includes a convex lens that forms an image of the light reflected from the fundus of the observer while passing through the pinhole and entering the tube Observer.   A light emitting body that emits light incident on an eyeball of an observer through the pinhole, the inside of the tubular body, and the convex lens is fixed outside the tubular body and in the vicinity of the pinhole. The eyeball observer according to claim 1. A tube, and a light-emitting body arranged on one end side inside or one end side outside of the tube,
A convex lens that is positioned at the other end of the tube or in the middle of the other end, and passes through the tube incident from the light emitter, and forms an image of light reflected from the fundus of the observer. An eyeball observer characterized by comprising   4. An eyeball observing device according to claim 1, wherein an eyepiece that is slidable with respect to the tubular body is attached in the vicinity of the other end of the tubular body. .   The eyeball observer according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, and 4, wherein the convex lens is configured to be close to or away from the pinhole or the light emitter.   The other convex lens which condenses the light ray which injects into the inside of the said tubular body from the said pinhole or a light-emitting body is located inside the said tubular body and in the vicinity of the end of this tubular body. The eyeball observer according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. 5. A filter for homogenizing light rays incident on the inside of the tubular body from the pinhole or the light emitting body is fixed in the vicinity of one end of the tubular body. , 5 or 6.