JP2007067435A - Separator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a strong magnetic force field generator which is inexpensive and is manufactured easily. <P>SOLUTION: In the periphery of hollow cylindrical space, the generator is provided with a main magnet 1 which consists of a super-conductive magnet in the innermost layer, and three or more super-conductive magnets arranged concentrically to the super-conductive magnet. In an upper part or a lower part in the height direction of the main magnet 1, an auxiliary magnet 2, which consists of one or more super-conductive magnets, is arranged in a position which has a central axis coaxially with a central axis line parallel to the height direction of the main magnet 1. The magnetic fields, which are formed, respectively, by the super-conductive magnet in the innermost layer and the three or more super-conductive magnets which constitute the main magnet 1, are made to be the same direction. The magnetic field which is formed by the auxiliary magnet 2 is made to be the opposite direction to the magnetic field which is formed by the main magnet 1. The super-conductive magnet in the innermost layer and the three or more super-conductive magnets are fixed and arranged, respectively, so that, with respect to the center line in the direction perpendicular to the height direction of the super-conductive magnet in the innermost layer, the center line in the direction perpendicular to in the height direction of at least one of the three or more the super-conductive magnet is located in the opposite side to the side in which the auxiliary magnet is arranged. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention forms a strong magnetic force field by forming a steep magnetic field gradient in a magnet. In particular, in the strong magnetic force field, a levitation force is applied to a material against gravity, The present invention relates to an apparatus for generating a strong magnetic force that can be used in an apparatus that performs separation according to magnetic characteristics.

  The force that a magnetic field exerts on a substance has been elucidated by electromagnetism, and is proportional to the product of the magnetic field strength (B) and the magnetic field gradient (dB / dz) (B · dB / dz, hereinafter simply referred to as a magnetic force field). To do. When the magnetic field gradient (dB / dz) exists in the direction of gravity, the substance can be lifted by a magnetic force against gravity to be in a weightless state, and in the opposite direction, a large gravity is applied. Overgravity can be generated.

  If a weightless state is formed by magnetic force, it is possible to carry out crystal growth tests, material synthesis tests, plant germination rooting tests, etc. that are currently performed in space under weightlessness, and the test cost is significantly higher. It will be cheaper. In the case of generating a large amount of hypergravity, it can be used for a growth test of plants under the excessive gravity, a study of various physical properties under an anisotropic pressure having no contact surface, or the like.

  As a device for generating a magnetic force field to levitate a substance, conventionally, a solenoid type or pancake type superconducting coil or a bitter type normal conducting coil is used, and a magnetic field force field near the end of the central space portion is used. There is a container in which a container in which a substance is placed is placed at a position where the maximum value is obtained and the substance is levitated from the container. By the way, in order to float water (diamagnetic material) against gravity, a magnetic force field of about 1400 T · T / m or more is required. Obtaining a force field is extremely difficult and expensive equipment is required.

  Therefore, as a means for solving this problem and generating a strong magnetic force field at low cost, there is one disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-77225. According to the publication, various structures of this strong magnetic force field generator have been proposed, and one of them has the structure shown in FIG. That is, as shown in the figure, the strong magnetic force field generator 11 includes a main coil 12 composed of a multi-layer coil of an inner coil 12B and an outer coil 12A formed of a superconducting coil that generates a strong magnetic field B1. A structure in which an auxiliary coil 13 formed of a superconducting coil that generates a magnetic field B2 in a direction opposite to that of the main coil 12 is disposed above the inner coil 12B, and these are held by a winding frame 14 having a flange portion 14a. belongs to. By adopting such a structure, it is possible to make the magnetic field gradient (dB / dz) steep near the boundary between the main coil 12 and the auxiliary coil 13, and thus it is possible to form a strong magnetic force field. Yes.

  An apparatus having such a structure is experimentally manufactured according to the specifications shown in Table 1, and the test results are described as follows.

  When this strong magnetic force field generator 11 is housed in a cryostat, the inner and outer layers of the main coils 12A and 12B are energized with 110A and the auxiliary coil 13 with 500A, respectively, near the inner end of the auxiliary coil 13 (near the flange 14a). Describes that the maximum value of the magnetic force field was 1400 T · T / m, and the water droplets could be levitated.

  However, the apparatus having such a structure has a big problem as a real problem even though it can be manufactured theoretically. That is, in order to generate a magnetic force field of 1400 T · T / m capable of levitating water using the apparatus shown in FIG. 7 having the specifications of Table 1, the main coils 12A and 12B have a current of 150A. And the auxiliary coil 13 needs to be energized with 600A. As shown in FIG. 7, the auxiliary coil 13 is subjected to the upward force indicated by F4 on the inner main coil 12B. The downward force indicated by F5 in the figure acts on the inner main coil 12B on the outer main coil 12A, and this resultant force reaches 11 tons. Although it is necessary to hold this huge force by the reel 14, even if it is technically possible to manufacture a huge reel that can withstand such a force, it is necessary to wind and hold the coil around it. Unrealistic.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a strong magnetic force field generator that solves such problems and minimizes the force acting on the reel.

  The strong magnetic force field generator of the present invention generates a strong magnetic force field using a superconducting magnet or a normal conducting magnet, and has a hollow cylindrical space at the center, and the surroundings of the hollow cylindrical space. A main magnet comprising an innermost superconducting magnet or normal conducting magnet, and three or more superconducting magnets or normal conducting magnets arranged in a concentric order with respect to the innermost superconducting magnet or normal conducting magnet. An auxiliary magnet made of at least one superconducting magnet or normal conducting magnet at a position having a central axis parallel to the height direction of the main magnet and a coaxial central axis at the upper or lower part of the main magnet in the height direction. A magnetic field formed by each of the innermost superconducting magnet or normal conducting magnet and the three or more superconducting magnets or normal conducting magnets constituting the main magnet and having the same direction, the auxiliary magnet Magnetic field formed by Is in the direction opposite to the magnetic field formed by the main magnet, and the three or more superconducting magnets or the central line in the direction perpendicular to the height direction of the innermost superconducting magnet or normal conducting magnet or The superconducting magnet or the normal conducting magnet in the innermost layer such that a center line in a direction perpendicular to the height direction of at least one of the normal conducting magnets is located on the side opposite to the side on which the auxiliary magnet is disposed; And each of the three or more superconducting magnets or normal conducting magnets is fixedly arranged to constitute the main magnet, and the innermost superconducting magnet or normal conducting magnet, and the three or more superconducting magnets or The attractive force and the repulsive force acting on each of the normal conducting magnets are reduced.

  In the strong magnetic force field generator of the present invention, a ferromagnetic ring or a ferromagnetic disk is arranged in the hollow cylindrical space of either or both of the main magnet and the auxiliary magnet. Is preferred.

  As described above, according to the strong magnetic force field generator of the present invention, the main magnet 1 and the auxiliary magnet 2 are arranged on the same axis vertically, and the main magnet is formed of a plurality of layers of magnets. Compared with the case where a single magnet generates a high magnetic field, a strong magnetic field can be efficiently formed.

  Also, the position of the center line R in the direction perpendicular to the axis of each magnet in the inner and outer layers of the main magnet is set so that the repulsive force that the outer layer magnet receives from the auxiliary magnet and the attractive force that the innermost layer magnet receives from the magnet are balanced. By appropriately shifting, the force acting on the reel holding each magnet is made the minimum value, so that the reel holding these magnets can be manufactured very easily. As a result, the production of a strong magnetic force field generator, which was computationally possible but difficult to manufacture, has become inexpensive and easy, and various researches in zero-gravity and hypergravity fields have been promoted. It is expected to contribute greatly to further progress and development.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a strong magnetic force field generator 11 according to the present invention. A main magnet 1 includes a superconducting magnet or a normal conducting magnet (hereinafter referred to as a superconducting magnet or a three-layer superconducting magnet having a hollow cylindrical space S). 1a, 1b, and 1c), the superconducting magnet 1a is the innermost layer magnet, and the superconducting magnet 1a, the superconducting magnet 1b, and the superconducting magnet 1c are arranged concentrically from the inside in this order. It has become. In the illustrated example, the height of the first superconducting magnet 1a is smaller than the other two superconducting magnets 1b and 1c, and the heights of the second and third superconducting magnets 1b and 1c are high. The first layer magnet 1a is indicated by R1, and the second layer magnet and the third layer magnet are indicated by R1. The center line is perpendicular to the central axis Z in the height direction of these magnets. This is indicated by R2. As is apparent from the illustrated example, R2 is arranged at a position shifted by a distance d from R1. Further, at the upper part of the main magnet 1 in the height direction, at least one superconducting magnet or normal conducting magnet (hereinafter, referred to as a central axis Z coaxial with the central axis Z parallel to the height direction of the main magnet 1). An auxiliary magnet 2 made of a superconducting magnet or simply described as a magnet is disposed.

  The three magnets 1 a to 1 c constituting the main magnet 1 are energized so that a magnetic field in the same direction is generated, and a magnetic field in the opposite direction to the main magnet 1 is generated in the auxiliary magnet 2. Is formed. In this way, the main magnet 1 has a multilayer magnet structure, so that a reasonably higher magnetic field is generated than in the case of a magnet having a single layer structure. As a result, a strong magnetic force field is formed in the vicinity of the boundary between the main magnet 1 and the auxiliary magnet 2 as described in JP-A-2000-77225.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view including a winding frame of the strong magnetic force field generator having the magnet arrangement of FIG. Hereinafter, each winding frame and each magnet in the strong magnetic force field generator will be described. A strong magnetic force field generator 11 is formed by winding the main magnet 1 and the auxiliary magnet 2 arranged as described above around the first winding frame 3. Specifically, it is as follows. The first winding frame 3 is composed of a lower winding frame 3a and an upper winding frame 3b, and is used as an innermost layer magnet until the inner sides of the upper and lower flanges of the lower winding frame 3a are hidden by the entire core of the lower winding frame 3a. A superconducting coil serving as the first main magnet 1a is wound. Then, the second winding frame 4 is disposed outside the lower winding frame 3a, and the second main frame 4 is arranged so that the inner sides of the upper and lower flanges of the second winding frame 4 are hidden by the entire core of the second winding frame 4. A superconducting coil to be a magnet 1b is wound and formed. Similarly, the third main frame 1c is arranged to the extent that the inner sides of the upper and lower flanges of the winding frame 5 are hidden by the entire core of the winding frame 5 by arranging the third winding frame 5 on the outer side of the second winding frame 4. A superconducting coil is formed by winding. In this way, the main magnet 1 is formed. Similarly, a superconducting coil is wound around the upper winding frame 3b to form the auxiliary magnet 2. The first winding frame 3 to the third winding frame 5 are fixed and integrated by appropriate means.

  FIG. 5 shows an example for comparison with the apparatus of the present invention. The main magnet 1 is composed of the same three-layer magnets 1a, 1b, and 1c as in FIG. A magnet 2 is arranged. In this comparative example, the first main magnet 1a to the third main magnet 1c are arranged such that the center lines R in the direction orthogonal to the respective axial lines Z in the height direction are the same center line. . In this case, an upward repulsive force acts on the auxiliary magnet 2 as shown by F1 in the figure with respect to the first main magnet 1a, and the second main magnet 1b and the third main magnet 1c Due to the repulsive force of the auxiliary magnet 2 and the difference in the magnitude of the magnetic field above and below the center line R of the second and third main magnets 1b and 1c due to the presence of the auxiliary magnet 2, downward forces F2 and F3 are generated, respectively. To do.

  As a result, when a superconducting coil is wound around the frames 3 to 5 with the arrangement of the three main magnets 1a to 1c as described above, a large force is applied to the winding frames 3 to 5, so that the strong winding frame is applied. However, as shown in FIG. 1, the center line R2 of the outer second and third main magnets 1b and 1c is shifted downward from the center line R1 of the inner first main magnet 1a, and the If the downward repulsive force by the auxiliary magnet 2 and the attractive force with the first main magnet 1a generated by shifting the center line are balanced and cancelled, the second and third main magnets 1b and 1c described above are canceled out. It is possible to make the downward forces F2 and F3 acting on the zero zero (0).

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention in which the main magnet is arranged as shown in FIG. 1 and a comparative example in which the main magnet is arranged as shown in FIG. 5 will be described using specific numerical values.

〔Example〕
A main magnet 1 composed of three superconducting coils 1a to 1c and an auxiliary magnet 2 composed of one superconducting coil are formed, and these are wound around an integral reel as shown in FIG. A device for generating a strong magnetic force field having the specifications shown in Table 2 was formed.

  In the above table, the center line R2 of the second and third coils 1b, 1c is shifted downward by 5 mm from the center line R1 of the first coil 1a in the innermost layer, and the center line R3 of the auxiliary coil 2 (FIG. 1). Indicates a position 125 mm above the center line R1 of the first coil 1a.

  The center line between the magnetic field strength (B: T) and the magnetic force field (B / dB / dz: T · T / m) when the coil is energized and the magnetomotive force shown in Table 2 is generated in each coil. When the relationship with the distance (z) from (R1) is calculated, a maximum magnetic field of 15.4 (T) is generated, and a maximum magnetic force of 1500 (T · T / m) is generated near the inner end of the auxiliary coil 2. The winding frame 3 incorporating the first main superconducting coil 1a and the auxiliary superconducting coil 2 at this time, and the winding frame 4 incorporating the second main superconducting coil 1b and the third main superconducting coil 1c. , 5 is approximately zero (0) in the axial direction. From this fact, it can be seen that a particularly large electromagnetic force does not act on the reel 3, so that its manufacture is extremely easy.

  Next, the distribution of magnetic field strength and magnetic force when the apparatus was actually energized to generate a predetermined magnetomotive force was measured, and the result is shown in FIG. As is clear from the figure, a maximum magnetic field of 15 (T) is generated at the position of the center line (z = 0 mm), and the maximum magnetic force 1500 (at the position of z = 70 mm, that is, near the upper end of the first coil 1a. (T · T / m) strength was generated, and water droplets could be floated in a 40 mm room temperature bore.

[Comparative example]
As shown in FIG. 5, when the simulation was performed under the same conditions as in the above example except that the center lines R of the three main magnets 1a to 1c were matched, the maximum magnetic field of 15.4 ( T) and the maximum magnetic force 1500 (T · T / m) near the inner end of the auxiliary coil 2 was calculated, but the first main superconducting coil 1a and the auxiliary superconducting coil 2 were incorporated at this time. The axial electromagnetic force F1 acting on the reel 3 and the axial electromagnetic forces F2, F3 acting between the second main superconducting coil 1b and the winding frames 4, 5 incorporating the third main superconducting coil 1c. Each of them reaches 2 to 3 tons, and it is understood that a high-strength reel is required to support the coil on the reel against this force, and it is impossible to manufacture in reality. .

  Next, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. In this example, a substantially central portion of the cylindrical space (S) at the center of the first main magnet 1a in the innermost layer of the main magnet 1 is shown. A ferromagnetic ring 6a is disposed in the same manner, and similarly, a ferromagnetic ring 6b is disposed substantially at the center of the cylindrical space in the center of the auxiliary magnet 2, whereby each magnet 1 , 2 is strengthened. Therefore, it is possible to further strengthen the magnetic force by arranging such ferromagnetic rings 6a and 6b. In the illustrated example, the ferromagnetic ring is disposed on both the main magnet 1 and the auxiliary magnet 2, but either one may be used.

  Next, FIG. 4 shows a case where a ferromagnetic body 6c is arranged in the vicinity of the auxiliary magnet 2 in the cylindrical space of the first main magnet 1a, and the same effect is expected. It is.

  In addition, although the example which has arrange | positioned the auxiliary magnet 2 to the upper part of the main magnet 1 was shown in the said Example, in this case, it can generate a levitation | floating force against gravity and the above-mentioned weightless state It is used for the formation of On the other hand, if the auxiliary magnet 2 is disposed below the main magnet 1, an overgravity state is formed, which is used for various tests under high gravity.

  Moreover, although the example in which the main magnet 1 uses the three magnets 1a-1c was demonstrated, it cannot be overemphasized that this is not restricted to three but two or four or more may be sufficient. Furthermore, although an example in which the heights of the second main magnet 1b and the third main magnet 1c are the same is described, there is no problem even if these heights are all different. Since the magnet is not subjected to a large force due to the action of the auxiliary magnet or the innermost layer magnet, the center line in the direction orthogonal to the axis may be appropriately shifted from the center line of the innermost layer magnet 1a. is there.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, an example in which one auxiliary magnet 2 is used is shown, but this auxiliary magnet 2 can also be a concentric arrangement of a plurality of hollow coils.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a magnet arrangement of a strong magnetic force field generator according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view including a winding frame of the strong magnetic force field generator having the magnet arrangement of FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a strong magnetic force field generator according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the magnetic force field generator according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a magnet arrangement of a strong magnetic force field generating device showing a comparative example. FIG. 6 is a distribution diagram in the axial direction of the magnetic field strength and magnetic force generated by the strong magnetic force field generator according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional strong magnetic force field generator.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main magnet 1a 1st main magnet 1b 2nd main magnet 1c 3rd main magnet 2 Auxiliary magnet 3 1st winding frame 4 2nd winding frame 5 3rd winding frames 6a and 6b Ferromagnetic ring 6c Ferromagnetic board body Z Center axis R1 Center line R2 of innermost layer main magnet Center line R3 of outer layer main magnet Center line of auxiliary magnet

Claims (2)

A strong magnetic force field generator that generates a strong magnetic force field using a superconducting magnet or a normal conducting magnet,
Having a hollow cylindrical space at the center,
Around the hollow cylindrical space, an innermost superconducting magnet or normal conducting magnet, and three or more superconducting magnets or ordinary conducting arranged in order concentrically with respect to the innermost superconducting magnet or normal conducting magnet A main magnet composed of a magnet,
An auxiliary magnet made of at least one superconducting magnet or normal conducting magnet is arranged at a position having a central axis parallel to the height direction of the main magnet and a coaxial central axis at an upper part or a lower part of the main magnet in the height direction. ,
The magnetic field formed by each of the innermost superconducting magnet or normal conducting magnet and the three or more superconducting magnets or normal conducting magnets constituting the main magnet is in the same direction,
The magnetic field formed by the auxiliary magnet is in the opposite direction to the magnetic field formed by the main magnet,
A direction perpendicular to the height direction of at least one of the three or more superconducting magnets or normal conducting magnets with respect to a center line perpendicular to the height direction of the innermost superconducting magnet or normal conducting magnet. The innermost superconducting magnet or normal conducting magnet and the three or more superconducting magnets or normal conducting magnets are fixed so that the center line is located on the side opposite to the side where the auxiliary magnet is disposed. By disposing, the attraction force and the repulsive force acting on each of the innermost superconducting magnet or normal conducting magnet and the three or more superconducting magnets or normal conducting magnets constituting the main magnet are reduced. A strong magnetic force field generator.   2. The apparatus for generating a strong magnetic force field according to claim 1, wherein a ferromagnetic ring or a ferromagnetic disk is disposed in the hollow cylindrical space of either or both of the main magnet and the auxiliary magnet.

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