JP2007060859A - Brush - Google Patents
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- JP2007060859A JP2007060859A JP2005245806A JP2005245806A JP2007060859A JP 2007060859 A JP2007060859 A JP 2007060859A JP 2005245806 A JP2005245806 A JP 2005245806A JP 2005245806 A JP2005245806 A JP 2005245806A JP 2007060859 A JP2007060859 A JP 2007060859A
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- resistance layer
- brush
- resistive layer
- low resistance
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、直流電動機などに用いられる回転電機用のブラシに関する。 The present invention relates to a brush for a rotating electrical machine used for a DC motor or the like.
最近の直流電動機は、高速、高電流密度化を行って小型軽量化を図っている。
しかし、この種の電動機は、整流性能、出力特性等の低下が大きく、またブラシ摩耗も大きくなり、耐久性が短くなっているのが現状である。これらを解決するためには、ブラシ素材の性能向上だけでは限界があるため、ブラシの構造を工夫して対応している。
Recent DC motors have been made smaller and lighter by increasing speed and current density.
However, this type of electric motor has a large decrease in rectification performance, output characteristics, etc., and also has a large brush wear, resulting in a short durability. In order to solve these problems, there is a limit to improving the performance of the brush material, so the brush structure is devised.
その一例として、特許文献１、２等に示されるように、ブラシ中に含有される黒鉛と金属との配合割合を調整した低抵抗層及び高抵抗層を有する多層構造のブラシが用いられるようになってきた。
しかしながら上記に示す多層構造のブラシは、粉体成形金型に低抵抗層成形用粉体及び高抵抗層成形用粉体をそれぞれ層状に充填し、さらに所定の位置にリード線を設置した後、一体成形を行っていた。そのため、成形時に低抵抗層成形用粉体と高抵抗層成形用粉体との境界部分の粉体同士が混ざり合い、粉体同士の充填密度のバラツキが生じ、特性と各層の厚さをコントロールすることが困難であった。
また、上記に示す多層構造のブラシは、ブラシ保持器からブラシを介して流れる電流によって電蝕を起こし、火花の発生が多いという問題点があった。
However, the multi-layered brush shown above has a powder molding die filled with the low resistance layer molding powder and the high resistance layer molding powder in layers, and further, after the lead wires are installed at predetermined positions, Performed integral molding. Therefore, the powder at the boundary between the low-resistance layer molding powder and the high-resistance layer molding powder mixes during molding, resulting in variations in the packing density between the powders and controlling the characteristics and thickness of each layer. It was difficult to do.
In addition, the multi-layered brush described above has a problem that electric corrosion occurs due to current flowing from the brush holder through the brush, and sparks are often generated.
本発明は、低抵抗層成形用粉体と高抵抗層成形用粉体との粉体同士の充填密度のバラツキが生ぜず、かつ電蝕が生ぜず、火花の発生を抑制することができるブラシを提供するものである。 The present invention provides a brush capable of suppressing the occurrence of sparks without causing variations in packing density between powders of the low-resistance layer molding powder and the high-resistance layer molding powder and without causing electric corrosion. Is to provide.
本発明は、低抵抗層及び高抵抗層を有するブラシにおいて、低抵抗層となるブラシ本体の少なくとも摺動面以外の外表面を高抵抗層の膜で被覆してなるブラシに関する。
また、本発明は、高抵抗層の膜が、塗布、吹き付け又は低抵抗層の外表面を酸化させて被覆したものであるブラシに関する。
The present invention relates to a brush having a low-resistance layer and a high-resistance layer, wherein at least an outer surface other than a sliding surface of a brush body serving as the low-resistance layer is covered with a film of the high-resistance layer.
The present invention also relates to a brush in which a film of a high resistance layer is coated, sprayed or oxidized to coat the outer surface of the low resistance layer.
本発明になるブラシは、低抵抗層成形用粉体と高抵抗層成形用粉体との粉体同士の充填密度のバラツキが生ぜず、特性と各層の厚さをコントロールすることが可能で、かつ電蝕が生ぜず、火花の発生を抑制することができ、工業的に極めて好適である。 The brush according to the present invention does not cause variations in the packing density of the low resistance layer molding powder and the high resistance layer molding powder, and can control the characteristics and thickness of each layer. In addition, no electric corrosion occurs, and the generation of sparks can be suppressed, which is extremely suitable industrially.
本発明になるブラシは、低抵抗層となるブラシ本体の少なくとも摺動面以外の外表面を高抵抗層の膜で被覆することを特徴とするものであり、高抵抗層の膜を被覆する手段としては特に制限はなく、例えば、高抵抗層を形成するための材料を、塗布、吹き付け又は低抵抗層となるブラシ本体を３００〜５００℃程度の温度で加熱して、外表面を酸化させることにより被覆することができるが、これらのうち作業性の面で低抵抗層となるブラシ本体の外表面を酸化させる方法で被覆することが好ましい。 The brush according to the present invention is characterized in that at least the outer surface of the brush body that becomes the low resistance layer is covered with a film of the high resistance layer, and means for coating the film of the high resistance layer There is no particular limitation, for example, the material for forming the high resistance layer is applied, sprayed, or the brush body that becomes the low resistance layer is heated at a temperature of about 300 to 500 ° C. to oxidize the outer surface. Of these, it is preferable to coat by a method of oxidizing the outer surface of the brush body which becomes a low resistance layer in terms of workability.
低抵抗層となるブラシ本体の少なくとも摺動面以外の外表面を酸化させる場合、その方法については特に制限はなく、ブラシ本体の外表面全体を酸化させた後、摺動面となる部分を削って低抵抗層となる部分を露出させてもよく、また摺動面となる部分を覆ってから他の部分、即ち、摺動面以外の外表面を酸化させてもよい。
なお、高抵抗層の膜の厚さについは特に制限はないが、低抵抗層の１／３〜１／４の厚さであることが好ましい。
When oxidizing the outer surface of the brush body other than the sliding surface of the brush body that becomes the low resistance layer, the method is not particularly limited, and after oxidizing the entire outer surface of the brush body, the portion that becomes the sliding surface is shaved. Then, the portion that becomes the low resistance layer may be exposed, or the other portion, that is, the outer surface other than the sliding surface may be oxidized after covering the portion that becomes the sliding surface.
The thickness of the high resistance layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1/3 to 1/4 of the thickness of the low resistance layer.
高抵抗層及び低抵抗層における抵抗率は、高抵抗層＞低抵抗層の関係を満足していれば抵抗率に制約はないが、これらの抵抗率の関係を満足するには、例えば高抵抗層の抵抗率は低抵抗層の抵抗率の２〜２０倍程度が好ましく、４〜１６倍程度がより好ましく、８〜１２倍程度がさらに好ましい。 The resistivity in the high resistance layer and the low resistance layer is not limited as long as the relationship of high resistance layer> low resistance layer is satisfied. To satisfy these resistivity relationships, for example, high resistance The resistivity of the layer is preferably about 2 to 20 times that of the low resistance layer, more preferably about 4 to 16 times, and even more preferably about 8 to 12 times.
抵抗率は、使用される回転電機の要求特性に合わせて設定されるが、一般的には０．１〜３０μΩ・ｍ程度の値である。上記の抵抗率にするには、主に黒鉛を主成分としたブラシに含有される金属量を調整して適宜選定する。ブラシに含有させる金属としては、銅、銀等の粉末が挙げられる。また高抵抗層の抵抗率は、上記以外に表面の酸化程度により決定される。 The resistivity is set in accordance with the required characteristics of the rotating electrical machine to be used, but generally has a value of about 0.1 to 30 μΩ · m. In order to achieve the above-mentioned resistivity, the amount of metal contained in a brush mainly composed of graphite is adjusted and appropriately selected. Examples of the metal contained in the brush include powders such as copper and silver. In addition to the above, the resistivity of the high resistance layer is determined by the degree of oxidation of the surface.
以下、本発明の実施例を説明する。
実施例１
平均粒径が５０μｍの天然黒鉛部（日本黒鉛工業（株）製、商品名ＣＢ−１５０）８０重量％及びレゾール型フェノール樹脂（日立化成工業（株）製、商品名ＶＰ１１Ｎ）２０重量％を混練した後、６５℃で１６時間乾燥し、その後粉砕して平均粒径が１５０μｍの樹脂処理黒鉛粉を得た。
Examples of the present invention will be described below.
Example 1
80% by weight of natural graphite part (trade name CB-150, manufactured by Nippon Graphite Industry Co., Ltd.) having an average particle diameter of 50 μm and 20% by weight of resol type phenol resin (trade name VP11N, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) Then, it was dried at 65 ° C. for 16 hours and then pulverized to obtain a resin-treated graphite powder having an average particle size of 150 μm.
次に、この樹脂処理黒鉛粉４５重量％及び平均粒径が３５μｍの電解銅粉（福田金属箔工業(株)製、商品名ＣＥ−２５）５５重量％を混合して低抵抗層成形用粉体を得た。
上記で得た低抵抗層成形用粉体を金型に充填し、成形プレスで３９２ＭＰａの圧力で成形し、次いで還元雰囲気中で７００℃まで３時間で昇温し、７００℃で１時間焼結して寸法が７×１６×１５ｍｍの低抵抗層となるブラシ本体を得た。
Next, 45% by weight of the resin-treated graphite powder and 55% by weight of an electrolytic copper powder having a mean particle size of 35 μm (trade name CE-25, manufactured by Fukuda Metal Foil Industry Co., Ltd.) are mixed to form a low resistance layer forming powder. Got the body.
The low resistance layer molding powder obtained above is filled in a mold, molded with a molding press at a pressure of 392 MPa, then heated to 700 ° C. in 3 hours in a reducing atmosphere, and sintered at 700 ° C. for 1 hour. As a result, a brush main body having a low resistance layer with dimensions of 7 × 16 × 15 mm was obtained.
上記で得た低抵抗層となるブラシ本体を電気炉中で４００℃まで１時間で昇温し、４００℃で１時間加熱して低抵抗層の外表面全体を酸化させて高抵抗層となる膜で被覆し、この後、摺動面となる部分を機械加工により削除してブラシ前駆体を得た。 The brush body to be the low resistance layer obtained above is heated to 400 ° C. in 1 hour in an electric furnace and heated at 400 ° C. for 1 hour to oxidize the entire outer surface of the low resistance layer to become a high resistance layer. After coating with a film, the portion to be the sliding surface was removed by machining to obtain a brush precursor.
次に、ブラシ前駆体の所定の部分にリード線挿入孔を形成した後、該リード線挿入孔にリード線を挿入し、さらにリード線の周囲に銀めっき銅粉（図示せず）を充填し、充填後スタンピング作業により銀めっき銅粉を加圧してリード線を固定して、図１に示すようなブラシを得た。なお、図１において、１は低抵抗層、２は高抵抗層の膜、３はリード線及び４は摺動面である。 Next, after a lead wire insertion hole is formed in a predetermined portion of the brush precursor, the lead wire is inserted into the lead wire insertion hole, and silver plating copper powder (not shown) is filled around the lead wire. After the filling, the silver-plated copper powder was pressed by a stamping operation to fix the lead wire, and a brush as shown in FIG. 1 was obtained. In FIG. 1, 1 is a low resistance layer, 2 is a film of a high resistance layer, 3 is a lead wire, and 4 is a sliding surface.
得られたブラシの抵抗率を測定したところ、低抵抗層は０．４μΩ・ｍ及び高抵抗層は４．５μΩ・ｍであった。
なお、抵抗率の測定は、低抵抗層については低抵抗層成形用粉体を上記と同様の条件で成形、焼結後、機械加工して５×５×２０ｍｍの寸法に試験片を作製し、また高抵抗層については、上記低抵抗層と同成分で混合、成形、焼結後３×５×２０ｍｍの寸法に機械加工し、このものを前記と同様の方法で酸化させた試験片を作製し、これらの試験片について２０ｍｍの方向に１Ａの電流を流した際の１０ｍｍ間の電圧降下を測定し、次式により算出した。ここで、測定用試験片は２０ｍｍ方向を成形加圧直角方向とした。
When the resistivity of the obtained brush was measured, the low resistance layer was 0.4 μΩ · m and the high resistance layer was 4.5 μΩ · m.
The resistivity is measured for the low resistance layer by molding the low resistance layer molding powder under the same conditions as described above, sintering, and machining to prepare a test piece having a size of 5 × 5 × 20 mm. In addition, for the high resistance layer, a test piece obtained by mixing, forming and sintering with the same component as the above low resistance layer to a size of 3 × 5 × 20 mm and oxidizing the same in the same manner as described above. The voltage drop between 10 mm when a current of 1 A was passed in the direction of 20 mm was prepared for these test pieces, and calculated according to the following formula. Here, in the test specimen for measurement, the 20 mm direction was set to the direction perpendicular to the molding pressure.
比較例１
実施例１で得た樹脂処理黒鉛粉６５重量％及び平均粒径が３５μｍの電解銅粉（福田金属箔工業(株)製、商品名ＣＥ−２５）３５重量％を混合して高抵抗層成形用粉体を得た。
次に、実施例１で得た低抵抗層成形用粉体及び上記で得た高抵抗層成形用粉体を金型の所定の位置にそれぞれ別々に充填し、さらに所定の箇所にリード線を設置した後、成形プレスで３９２ＭＰａの圧力で一体成形し、その後、還元雰囲気中で７００℃まで３時間で昇温し、７００℃で１時間焼結し、次いで所定の形状に機械加工して図２に示すように寸法が１６×１５×７ｍｍの低抵抗層１及び高抵抗層５を有するブラシを得た。
Comparative Example 1
65% by weight of resin-treated graphite powder obtained in Example 1 and 35% by weight of electrolytic copper powder having an average particle size of 35 μm (Fukuda Metal Foil Industry Co., Ltd., trade name CE-25) are mixed to form a high resistance layer. A powder was obtained.
Next, the low resistance layer molding powder obtained in Example 1 and the high resistance layer molding powder obtained above were separately filled into predetermined positions of the mold, and lead wires were further formed at predetermined positions. After installation, it is integrally formed with a molding press at a pressure of 392 MPa, then heated to 700 ° C. in 3 hours in a reducing atmosphere, sintered at 700 ° C. for 1 hour, and then machined into a predetermined shape. As shown in FIG. 2, a brush having a
得られたブラシの低抵抗層１及び高抵抗層５を横切るように切断してその表面を観察したところ、低抵抗層１と高抵抗層５の境界部分がはっきりと確認することができず、粉体同士の充填密度にバラツキが生じていた。
When the surface of the obtained brush was cut across the
実施例１で得たブラシと比較例１で得たブラシを実際に直流電動機に組み込んで火花の発生の有無について確認したところ、実施例１で得たブラシは火花の発生がなく、また摩耗量も少なかったが、比較例１で得たブラシは火花が発生し、摩耗量も多いことを確認した。 When the brush obtained in Example 1 and the brush obtained in Comparative Example 1 were actually incorporated into a DC motor and checked for the occurrence of sparks, the brush obtained in Example 1 had no sparks and the amount of wear However, it was confirmed that the brush obtained in Comparative Example 1 generated sparks and had a large amount of wear.
１ 低抵抗層
２ 高抵抗層の膜
３ リード線
４ 摺動面
５ 高抵抗層
1 Low resistance layer 2 High resistance layer film 3 Lead wire 4 Sliding surface 5 High resistance layer
Claims (2)
2. The brush according to claim 1, wherein the film of the high resistance layer is coated, sprayed or oxidized to coat the outer surface of the low resistance layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005245806A JP2007060859A (en) | 2005-08-26 | 2005-08-26 | Brush |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005245806A JP2007060859A (en) | 2005-08-26 | 2005-08-26 | Brush |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2007060859A true JP2007060859A (en) | 2007-03-08 |
Family
ID=37923807
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005245806A Pending JP2007060859A (en) | 2005-08-26 | 2005-08-26 | Brush |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2007060859A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009148037A (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2009-07-02 | Denso Corp | Brush for dynamo-electric machine, and dynamo-electric machine |
-
2005
- 2005-08-26 JP JP2005245806A patent/JP2007060859A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009148037A (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2009-07-02 | Denso Corp | Brush for dynamo-electric machine, and dynamo-electric machine |
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