JP2007056708A - Housing for exhaust emission control device and exhaust emission control device having the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a housing capable of being easily adapted to a variety of cylinder injection engines with less types of filters, capable of attaining a reduction in the size of an exhaust emission control device by reducing a space occupied by a filter, and capable of easily coping with a start exhaust engine and the exhaust emission control device. <P>SOLUTION: In this housing 100 for the exhaust emission control device, vertical connection ports 150 are opened in a surface 110 and a surface 120 approximately on the opposite side thereof, a plurality of lateral connection ports 160 are opened in the peripheral surface thereof, and a vertical passage 170 having both ends opened to the vertical connection ports and a plurality of lateral passages 180 branched from the vertical passages and opened in the lateral connection ports are formed therein. The vertical connection ports are so formed that the other vertical connection ports of the housing of the same structure, closing members 510 closing the vertical connection ports, or exhaust passage members 400 can be connected thereto. The lateral connection ports are so formed that the inlets 310 of the filter 300, closing members 520 closing the lateral connection ports, or valves 600 can be connected thereto. The exhaust emission control device 200 is formed by using the housing 100. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention belongs to the technical field of an exhaust emission control device provided with a filter that collects particulate matter from exhaust gas from an in-cylinder injection engine.

Conventionally, as an exhaust purification device that collects black smoke or other particulate matter contained in the exhaust of an in-cylinder injection engine, an exhaust passage provided with a filter that collects particulate matter contained in the exhaust is known. (For example, see Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). In such an exhaust purification device, when the filter is clogged, particulate matter collected by a burner or an electric heater is burned to regenerate the filter. In that case, two filters are arranged in parallel, one filter is used for collecting particulate matter, and when the filter is clogged, the exhaust gas is switched to the other filter, and the clogged filter is regenerated in the meantime. There is a method of exhaust purification. Apart from this, there is a stop regeneration type exhaust purification device that stops the engine and regenerates the filter when the filter is clogged. The stop regeneration type exhaust purification device includes a desorption type exhaust purification device in which a filter is detachably attached to an exhaust passage, and a clogged filter is replaced with a new or regenerated filter (see, for example, Patent Document 3). ). There is also a method of regenerating by supplying current from an external power source to a heater provided near the filter.
JP-A-2-185611 JP-A-10-131740 JP 2002-89235 A

  Such a filter optimally determines the capacity according to the displacement of the in-cylinder injection engine, the operation pattern, and the like. However, considering the filter production efficiency, management man-hours, etc., the number of filter types should be reduced as much as possible, preferably only one type of filter should be set. It is desirable to connect the passages in parallel. In this way, since the number of filters connected to the exhaust passage may be changed according to the capacity, the design man-hour is reduced. Therefore, there is an advantage that when an exhaust purification device is set for various types of in-cylinder injection engines, or when an exhaust purification device that is retrofitted to an existing in-cylinder injection engine is designed, it is possible to respond quickly.

  However, when the required capacity increases and the number of filters to be connected in parallel becomes large, the filters are connected to the exhaust passage in a twisted manner, occupying a large installation space around the in-cylinder injection engine. Will do. Further, since the work is to connect the filter to the exhaust passage, the piping work at the time of manufacture of the exhaust purification apparatus is complicated, and a large space is also required for storing the components of the exhaust purification apparatus.

  By the way, in a cylinder injection engine (hereinafter referred to as a start-up exhaust engine), which emits a lot of black smoke and other particulate matter immediately after starting, and thereafter the amount of particulate matter discharged is relatively small. Immediately after start-up, the filter collects particulate matter from the exhaust, and then prevents the exhaust from passing through the filter, thereby substantially reducing particulate matter and improving the engine work rate by reducing the exhaust resistance. It is conceivable to realize cost reduction by reducing the filter regeneration frequency, improving the degree of freedom of engine operation, and reducing the size of the exhaust purification device by reducing the filter occupation space.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such points, and the object of the present invention is to devise the arrangement of the filters in the exhaust emission control device, thereby to provide a wide variety of in-cylinder injection engines with a small number of types of filters. An exhaust purification device housing and an exhaust purification device equipped with the housing of the exhaust purification device that can reduce the space occupied by the filter, reduce the size of the exhaust purification device, and can be easily adapted to a start-up exhaust engine. It is to provide.

  In order to achieve the above object, an exhaust purification apparatus housing according to the present invention is provided with a filter that introduces exhaust from an in-cylinder injection engine from an introduction port, collects particulate matter, and then extracts the particulate matter from the extraction port. The housing has a vertical connection port on one side and the surface that is almost opposite to it, and a plurality of horizontal connection ports on the circumferential surface between these two surfaces. Are provided with a vertical passage whose both ends communicate with two vertical connection ports, and a plurality of horizontal passages branched from the vertical passage and communicated with a plurality of horizontal connection ports, respectively. A vertical connection port of a housing having the same configuration, a blocking member that closes the vertical connection port, or an exhaust passage member that constitutes an exhaust passage of an in-cylinder injection engine can be connected. Closed mouth Member or valve is provided to be connectable.

  An example of an exhaust emission control device using this housing is shown. The exhaust passage member of the in-cylinder injection engine is connected to one vertical connection port of the housing, the closing member is connected to the other vertical connection port, and the filters are connected to all the horizontal connection ports at the introduction port, or at least one If a filter is connected to one lateral connection port at the introduction port and a closing member or valve is connected to the remaining lateral connection port, a one-stage type exhaust purification device can be obtained. Exhaust gas that has entered one longitudinal connection port from the exhaust passage member of the in-cylinder injection engine passes through the vertical passage and then enters the horizontal passage, and enters the filter from the horizontal connection port. The filter collects particulate matter from the exhaust gas that has entered from the inlet, and discharges the purified exhaust gas from the outlet to the outside. Therefore, the number of filter types may be small. Further, since the capacity of the exhaust emission control device varies depending on the number of filters to be connected, it is possible to easily cope with a wide variety of in-cylinder injection engines. Further, for example, compared to a case where connection ports are successively opened from the tubular member connected to the exhaust passage member toward the downstream of the exhaust flow, and a filter is connected to the connection port, the length in the direction along the vertical passage is longer. Overwhelmingly shorter. Therefore, the exhaust purification device becomes compact by reducing the space occupied by the filter. In addition, when an exhaust purification device is used for a starting exhaust engine and a valve is connected to the lateral connection port, when exhausting a large amount of black smoke or other particulate matter immediately after starting, the valve is closed and the exhaust is purified by a filter. After that, when the amount of particulate matter discharged becomes relatively small, the valve is opened and the exhaust is discharged from the valve to the outside. Improvement is realized. In addition, since the progress of filter clogging is delayed, a reduction in cost and an increase in the degree of freedom of engine operation are realized by reducing the frequency of filter regeneration.

  An example of an exhaust emission control device using a plurality of housings is shown. A plurality of housings are connected in series by connecting the vertical connection ports, the exhaust passage member of the in-cylinder injection engine is connected to the vertical connection port of the exhaust purification device housing at one end, and the exhaust purification at the other end Connect the closing member to the vertical connection port of the housing for the device, connect the filter to all the horizontal connection ports at the introduction port, or connect the filter to at least one horizontal connection port at the introduction port, and connect to the remaining horizontal connection ports If a closing member or a valve is connected, a multistage exhaust purification device can be obtained. Exhaust gas that has entered the longitudinal connection port at one end from the exhaust passage member of the in-cylinder injection engine passes through the vertical passage and then enters the horizontal passage and enters the filter from the lateral connection port. The filter collects particulate matter from the exhaust gas that has entered from the inlet, and discharges the purified exhaust gas from the outlet to the outside. Therefore, the number of filter types may be small. Further, since the capacity of the exhaust emission control device varies depending on the number of filters to be connected, it is possible to easily cope with a wide variety of in-cylinder injection engines. Further, for example, compared to a case where connection ports are successively opened from the tubular member connected to the exhaust passage member toward the downstream of the exhaust flow, and a filter is connected to the connection port, the length in the direction along the vertical passage is longer. Overwhelmingly shorter. Therefore, the exhaust purification device becomes compact by reducing the space occupied by the filter. In addition, when an exhaust purification device is used for a starting exhaust engine and a valve is connected to the lateral connection port, when exhausting a large amount of black smoke or other particulate matter immediately after starting, the valve is closed and the exhaust is purified by a filter. After that, when the amount of particulate matter discharged becomes relatively small, the valve is opened and the exhaust is discharged from the valve to the outside. Improvement is realized. In addition, since the progress of filter clogging is delayed, a reduction in cost and an increase in the degree of freedom of engine operation are realized by reducing the frequency of filter regeneration.

  If this exhaust purification device is movably provided and the vertical connection port of the housing and the exhaust passage member of the in-cylinder injection engine are detachably provided, this exhaust purification device can be used only when exhaust purification is required. It can be connected to an in-cylinder injection engine to purify exhaust. Therefore, for example, when there are a plurality of start-up exhaust engines, the exhaust purification device is moved and connected only to the start-up exhaust engine that is in a state of discharging a large amount of black smoke and other particulate matter immediately after start-up, and the exhaust is purified. Therefore, fewer exhaust purification devices than the number of starting exhaust engines are sufficient.

  Further, the housing itself also has, for example, a direction along the longitudinal passage as compared with a case where a connection port is opened one after another from a tubular member connected to the exhaust passage member toward the downstream of the exhaust flow and a filter is connected to the connection port. Is overwhelmingly shorter. Therefore, when the housing is stored, the occupied space of the housing is reduced.

  The housing for an exhaust emission control device of the present invention is such that the lateral passage branches radially from the longitudinal passage as viewed in the direction in which the longitudinal passage extends, and the adjacent housing is seen in the direction in which the longitudinal passage extends when other identically configured housings are connected. You may comprise so that these horizontal channel | paths may shift | deviate in the circumferential direction.

  In this way, the filter or valve connected to the horizontal passage is not easily overlapped by being displaced in the circumferential direction as viewed in the direction in which the vertical passage extends, and therefore, filter replacement and other maintenance, valve maintenance, and the like can be easily performed.

  An exhaust emission control device according to the present invention is an exhaust emission control device provided with the exhaust purification device housing, wherein an exhaust passage member of an in-cylinder injection engine is connected to one vertical connection port, and the other vertical connection port Is connected to all lateral connection ports at the introduction port, or at least one lateral connection port is connected to the filter at the introduction port, and the remaining lateral connection ports are connected to the closure member or valve. Is connected.

  In this one-stage type exhaust emission control device, the exhaust gas that has entered one vertical connection port from the exhaust passage member of the in-cylinder injection engine passes through the vertical channel and then enters the horizontal channel and enters the filter from the horizontal connection port. The filter collects particulate matter from the exhaust gas that has entered from the inlet, and discharges the purified exhaust gas from the outlet to the outside. Therefore, the number of filter types may be small. Further, since the capacity of the exhaust emission control device varies depending on the number of filters to be connected, it is possible to easily cope with a wide variety of in-cylinder injection engines. Further, for example, compared to a case where connection ports are successively opened from the tubular member connected to the exhaust passage member toward the downstream of the exhaust flow, and a filter is connected to the connection port, the length in the direction along the vertical passage is longer. Overwhelmingly shorter. Therefore, the exhaust purification device becomes compact by reducing the space occupied by the filter. In addition, when an exhaust purification device is used for a starting exhaust engine and a valve is connected to the lateral connection port, when exhausting a large amount of black smoke or other particulate matter immediately after starting, the valve is closed and the exhaust is purified by a filter. After that, when the amount of particulate matter discharged becomes relatively small, the valve is opened and the exhaust is discharged from the valve to the outside. Improvement is realized. In addition, since the progress of filter clogging is delayed, a reduction in cost and an increase in the degree of freedom of engine operation are realized by reducing the frequency of filter regeneration.

  Another exhaust purification device of the present invention is an exhaust purification device including a plurality of the exhaust purification device housings, wherein the exhaust purification device housings are connected in series by connecting the vertical connection ports, The exhaust passage member of the in-cylinder injection engine is connected to the vertical connection port of the exhaust purification device housing at one end, and the closing member is connected to the vertical connection port of the exhaust purification device housing at the other end. The filter is connected to all the horizontal connection ports at the introduction port, or the filter is connected to at least one horizontal connection port at the introduction port, and the closing member or valve is connected to the remaining horizontal connection ports.

  In this multistage type exhaust emission control device, the exhaust gas that has entered the vertical connection port at one end from the exhaust passage member of the in-cylinder injection engine passes through the vertical channel and then enters the horizontal channel and enters the filter from the horizontal connection port. . The filter collects particulate matter from the exhaust gas that has entered from the inlet, and discharges the purified exhaust gas from the outlet to the outside. Therefore, the number of filter types may be small. Further, since the capacity of the exhaust emission control device varies depending on the number of filters to be connected, it is possible to easily cope with a wide variety of in-cylinder injection engines. Further, for example, compared to a case where connection ports are successively opened from the tubular member connected to the exhaust passage member toward the downstream of the exhaust flow, and a filter is connected to the connection port, the length in the direction along the vertical passage is longer. Overwhelmingly shorter. Therefore, the exhaust purification device becomes compact by reducing the space occupied by the filter. In addition, when an exhaust purification device is used for a starting exhaust engine and a valve is connected to the lateral connection port, when exhausting a large amount of black smoke or other particulate matter immediately after starting, the valve is closed and the exhaust is purified by a filter. After that, when the amount of particulate matter discharged becomes relatively small, the valve is opened and the exhaust is discharged from the valve to the outside. Improvement is realized. In addition, since the progress of filter clogging is delayed, a reduction in cost and an increase in the degree of freedom of engine operation are realized by reducing the frequency of filter regeneration.

  The exhaust purification device of the present invention may be provided such that the exhaust purification device is movable, and the connection between the vertical connection port of the exhaust purification device housing and the exhaust passage member of the in-cylinder injection engine is detachable.

  In this way, the exhaust purification device can be connected to the in-cylinder injection engine only when exhaust purification is required, and exhaust purification can be performed. Therefore, for example, when there are a plurality of start-up exhaust engines, the exhaust purification device is moved and connected only to the start-up exhaust engine that is in a state of discharging a large amount of black smoke and other particulate matter immediately after start-up, and the exhaust is purified. Therefore, fewer exhaust purification devices than the number of starting exhaust engines are sufficient.

  The housing for an exhaust gas purification device of the present invention can be used for a single-stage type or a multi-stage type exhaust gas purification device, and these exhaust gas purification devices can easily cope with a wide variety of in-cylinder injection engines with a small number of types of filters. It is possible to improve the production efficiency of the filter, improve the man-hours for management, reduce the man-hours for designing the exhaust purification device, and realize quick design, and reduce the space occupied by the filter and make the installation space of the exhaust purification device compact. Therefore, the piping work at the time of manufacturing the exhaust gas purification device is facilitated, the storage space for the housing is reduced, and it is easy to cope with the start-up exhaust engine.

  When the lateral passage is branched radially and another identical housing is connected, when the lateral passages of adjacent housings are displaced in the circumferential direction, the filter or valve connected to the lateral passage is circumferentially Because it is difficult to slip and overlap, filter replacement and other maintenance, valve maintenance, etc. can be performed easily.

  When the exhaust purification device is movably provided, and the connection between the vertical connection port of the exhaust purification device housing and the exhaust passage member of the in-cylinder injection engine is detachable, the exhaust purification device is in a state that requires exhaust purification. It can only be connected to an in-cylinder injection engine to purify the exhaust gas.For example, when there are multiple start-up exhaust engines, only the start-up exhaust engine that emits a lot of black smoke and other particulate matter immediately after starting The exhaust gas purification device can be moved and connected to purify the exhaust gas, so that the number of exhaust gas purification devices smaller than the number of start exhaust engines can be sufficient.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 3 and 4 show an exhaust purification device housing 100 according to the embodiment, and FIGS. 1 and 2 show a one-stage type exhaust purification device 200 provided with the exhaust purification device housing 100.

  A filter 300 is provided in an exhaust purification device housing (hereinafter simply referred to as a housing) 100 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The filter 300 has a function of introducing exhaust from an in-cylinder injection engine (not shown) from the inlet 310, collecting black smoke and other particulate matter from the exhaust, and then leading the exhaust from the outlet 320. To do.

  The in-cylinder injection engine is not limited to an engine that directly injects fuel into the cylinder, but includes an engine that injects fuel into a sub chamber, a vortex chamber, or the like that communicates with the cylinder. In-cylinder injection engines include diesel engines that use light oil, kerosene or heavy oil, biofuel, or the like as fuel, and gasoline engines that use gasoline or the like as fuel. The cylinder injection engine of this embodiment is a known diesel engine. In this embodiment, an in-cylinder injection engine fixed on the site such as an engine for driving a power generator is illustrated, but the present invention is applied to an inside of a cylinder mounted on an automobile, a vehicle, a ship, other transportation equipment, and the like. This also applies to injection engines. As shown in FIG. 5, the cylinder injection engine is provided with an exhaust passage member 400 that constitutes an exhaust passage and into which exhaust from the combustion chamber is introduced. The exhaust passage member 400 is configured by an exhaust port, an exhaust manifold, an exhaust pipe, a muffler, and the like, and the exhaust gas circulates in the internal space. However, this does not limit the configuration of the exhaust passage member 400. The exhaust passage member 400 may be provided with an oxidation catalyst and other various catalysts. In FIG. 5, the exhaust passage member 400 is branched from the middle, the first branch exhaust passage member 410 is connected to the exhaust purification device 200, and the second branch exhaust passage member 420 is opened to the outside. These branch exhaust passage members 410 and 420 are provided with valves 411 and 421, respectively, and exhaust is introduced into the exhaust purification device 200 by controlling the opening and closing of these valves 411 and 421, or externally. I try to open it. However, the exhaust passage member targeted by the housing and exhaust purification device targeted by the present invention is not limited to this, and may be, for example, a simple exhaust passage member.

  The in-cylinder injection engine is controlled so that the fuel injection amount is set to around the maximum value from the start and the engine rotation speed is increased toward the target rotation speed. Such control may be performed automatically by, for example, a speed governor provided in the fuel injection device, or may be performed by a human operation. However, the control mode of the engine which is the subject of the present invention is not limited by the control mode of this embodiment. The present invention is directed to an in-cylinder injection engine in which the engine speed and the like are controlled by a governor, human operation, etc., and the control mode is not limited in any way.

  The control mode of the embodiment will be described in detail. The in-cylinder injection engine is provided with a constant rotational speed governor or a full rotational speed governor that controls the engine rotational speed within a predetermined range, and this speed governor controls the engine rotational speed toward the target rotational speed. Executed by. The constant speed governor is a speed governor that controls the rotational speed within a certain range. The speed control performance is relatively excellent, and applications that require high speed control performance such as generator auxiliary engines. Used for. The full-speed speed governor is a speed governor that controls the entire rotational range of use, and is controlled in a wide range from the low speed range to the high speed range. And it is slightly inferior. An example of an in-cylinder injection engine provided with a constant rotational speed governor is an in-cylinder injection engine for a power generator that needs to maintain a constant target rotational speed that affects the frequency of the generated voltage. Examples of the in-cylinder injection engine provided with the full-speed speed governor include an in-cylinder injection engine for driving a high-pressure water washing machine, a pump, a crane, and the like that need to maintain a target rotation speed at a desired speed. The In the case of the embodiment, the in-cylinder injection engine is provided with an exhaust turbocharger that is driven by exhaust and supercharges intake air. However, the exhaust emission control device and the housing of the present invention can also be applied to a naturally aspirated in-cylinder injection engine that does not include an exhaust turbocharger. Furthermore, although the intercooler is provided in the in-cylinder injection engine, the exhaust emission control device and the housing of the present invention can also be applied to an in-cylinder injection engine that does not include an intercooler.

  The main body 330 which is a collection function part of the filter 300 is a so-called sealing type. The main body 330 is a so-called honeycomb body made of ceramic and having a plurality of cells partitioned by partition walls, in which the honeycombs are alternately closed one by one, and the exhaust passes through the wall. Sometimes collects particulate matter. On one end face, the end face of each cell is alternately closed in a checkered pattern with a sealing material, and on the other end face, the cell closed on the one end face opens and opens on the one end face. The cell that had been closed has a structure closed by a sealing material. One end face communicates with the inlet 310 of the filter 300, and the other end face communicates with the outlet 320 of the filter 300. Other filter bodies include porous and fiber types, which are made of a material such as metal, for example, and collect particulate matter when exhaust collides with the porous or fiber structure. . However, the structure of the filter body in the present invention is not limited by these. The main body 330 of the filter 300 is detachably attached to the exhaust purification device 200 so that the clogged main body 330 can be replaced with a new or regenerated main body 330. The exhaust purification device 200 is a column of the background art. Among the stop reproduction methods described in (1), the detachment method is adopted. Therefore, the main body 330 is stored in a cylindrical casing 350, and an end portion on the exhaust gas downstream side of the casing 350 can be opened and closed as a lid 360. The main body 330 is removed by opening and closing the lid 360. Can be loaded. However, the regeneration method of the filter may be any of the existing regeneration methods, and the exhaust purification device may be either the switching regeneration method or the stop regeneration method described in the background section, and the stop regeneration method. In this case, a method may be adopted in which a current is passed through a heater provided in the vicinity of the filter for regeneration.

  The housing 100 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 has one surface 110 and a surface 120 that is substantially opposite to the surface 110, which are referred to as a first surface 110 and a second surface 120. A vertical connection port 150 is opened in each of the first surface 110 and the second surface 120. That is, one vertical connection port 150 is opened on the first surface 110 and another vertical connection port 150 is opened on the second surface 120. In addition, a plurality of lateral connection ports 160 are opened on the peripheral surface 130 between the first surface 110 and the second surface 120. Inside the housing 100, there are provided vertical passages 170 whose both ends communicate with the two vertical connection ports 150, respectively. That is, one end of the vertical passage 170 communicates with the vertical connection port 150 of the first surface 110, and the other end of the vertical passage 170 communicates with the vertical connection port 150 of the second surface 120. Further, a plurality of horizontal passages 180 branched from the vertical passage 170 and communicating with the plurality of horizontal connection ports 160 are provided inside the housing 100. That is, one end portion of the horizontal passage 180 communicates with the vertical passage 170 and the other end portion communicates with the horizontal connection port 160. In this embodiment, the longitudinal passage 170 penetrates the housing 100 along one direction, and four transverse passages 180 branch from the longitudinal passage 170 at an angular interval of approximately 90 degrees when viewed in the direction in which the longitudinal passage 170 extends. Each lateral passage 180 extends substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal passage 170. The shape of the vertical passage, the shape of the horizontal passage, the number, the arrangement, the angle, and the like are not limited by this embodiment.

  The vertical connection port 150 is provided so that any one of the vertical connection port 150 of the housing 100 having the same configuration, the closing member 510 that closes the vertical connection port 150, and the exhaust passage member 400 of the in-cylinder injection engine can be connected. These can be selectively connected. In the embodiment, this connection is performed by joining the flanges and fastening the bolts, but may be performed by screwing with a male screw on one side and a female screw on the other, or other known fastening means. . The closing member 510 is a lid-like member, but the shape and structure are not limited as long as the function of closing the vertical connection port 150 is exhibited. In this embodiment, a known bellows-like flexible hose is used for the connection portion of the exhaust passage member 400 with the vertical connection port 150, but it goes without saying that the connection may be made without using the flexible hose.

  The lateral connection port 160 is provided so that any of the introduction port 310 of the filter 300, the closing member 520 (see FIG. 7) for closing the lateral connection port 160, and the valve 600 (see FIG. 7) can be connected. These can be selectively connected. In the embodiment, this connection is performed by joining the flanges and fastening the bolts, but may be performed by screwing with a male screw on one side and a female screw on the other, or other known fastening means. . The closing member 520 is a lid-like member, but the shape and structure are not limited as long as the function of closing the lateral connection port 160 is exhibited. The valve 600 is a butterfly valve including a cylindrical passage member 610 connected to the lateral connection port 160 and a valve body 620 that opens and closes the passage formed inside the passage member 610. The shape and structure are not limited as long as the function of opening and closing the connection port 160 is exhibited.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the horizontal passage 180 diverges radially from the vertical passage 170 when viewed in the direction in which the vertical passage 170 extends. Further, when other housings 100 having the same configuration are connected, the horizontal passages 180 of the adjacent housings 100 are shifted in the circumferential direction when viewed in the direction in which the vertical passages 170 extend. In this embodiment, the adjacent housings 100 are connected by joining the flanges together and fastening the bolts, and this is realized by setting the pitches appropriately at equal intervals between the bolt holes. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, by shifting the bolt holes to be joined by the two housings 100 from the corresponding bolt holes, the two housings 100 are approximately 45 in the circumferential direction when viewed from the direction in which the longitudinal passage 170 extends. The horizontal passage 180 is shifted in the circumferential direction so that it is difficult to overlap.

  FIG.1 and FIG.2 shows the 1 step | paragraph type exhaust gas purification apparatus 200 provided with the housing 100 of embodiment. The exhaust passage member 400 of the in-cylinder injection engine is connected to one vertical connection port 150 of the housing 100, and the closing member 510 is connected to the other vertical connection port 150. The filters 300 are connected to all the horizontal connection ports 160 at the introduction ports 310, respectively. In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, the filter 300 may be connected to at least one lateral connection port 160 at the introduction port 310, and the closing member 520 or the valve 600 may be connected to the remaining lateral connection ports 160. Thus, the capacity | capacitance of the exhaust gas purification apparatus 200 changes by changing the number of the filters 300 connected to the housing 100. FIG. Further, when the valve 600 is connected to the lateral connection port 160, when exhausting a large amount of black smoke or other particulate matter immediately after starting, the valve 600 is closed and the exhaust gas is purified by the filter 300. When the discharge amount decreases, the valve 600 can be opened to discharge the exhaust from the valve 600 to the outside. The valve 600 may be connected to the vertical connection port 150.

  The exhaust emission control device 200 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is provided on a carriage 700 with a caster at the bottom, and is thereby movably provided on the ground. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the connection between one vertical connection port 150 of the housing 100 and the exhaust passage member 400 of the in-cylinder injection engine is detachable. In the embodiment, the flanges are joined to each other and fastened with bolts so as to be detachable. However, a male screw is cut on one side and a female screw is cut on the other side, and other known fastening means are used. You may do it. In this embodiment, a known bellows-like flexible hose is used for the connection portion of the exhaust passage member 400 with the vertical connection port 150. However, in this way, the exhaust passage of the in-cylinder injection engine that is the target of exhaust purification. When the exhaust purification device 200 is moved and connected to the member 400, the relative displacement between the exhaust passage member 400 and the vertical connection port 150 is caused to extend in the vertical direction using a flexible hose that can be expanded and contracted. This is advantageous because it can be adjusted laterally.

  Next, operations and effects of the housing 100 and the exhaust purification device 200 of the embodiment will be described. In this one-stage type exhaust purification device 200, the exhaust gas that has entered one vertical connection port 150 from the exhaust passage member 400 of the in-cylinder injection engine passes through the vertical passage 170 and then enters the horizontal passage 180, where To enter the filter 300. The filter 300 collects particulate matter from the exhaust gas that has entered from the inlet 310, and guides the purified exhaust gas to the outside through the outlet 320. Therefore, the number of types of filters 300 may be small. Further, since the capacity of the exhaust emission control device 200 changes depending on the number of filters 300 to be connected, it is possible to easily cope with various in-cylinder injection engines. Further, for example, the length in the direction along the vertical passage 170 is longer than that in the case where connection ports are opened one after another from the tubular member connected to the exhaust passage member toward the downstream of the exhaust flow and a filter is connected to the connection port. Becomes overwhelmingly shorter. Therefore, the space occupied by the filter 300 is reduced, and the exhaust purification device 200 becomes compact. Furthermore, as illustrated in FIG. 7, when the exhaust purification device 200 is used for a start-up exhaust engine and the valve 600 is connected to the lateral connection port 160, the valve 600 is used to discharge a large amount of black smoke or other particulate matter immediately after start-up. The exhaust gas is purified by the filter 300 and the particulate matter is substantially reduced. After that, when the discharge amount of the particulate matter is relatively small, the valve 600 is opened to exhaust the valve 600. The engine power is improved by reducing the exhaust resistance. In addition, since the progress of clogging of the filter 300 is delayed, cost reduction and improvement in the degree of freedom of engine operation are realized by reducing the filter regeneration frequency.

  The exhaust emission control device of the present invention includes an embodiment of an exhaust emission control device fixed to a ground plane, and an embodiment of an exhaust emission control device in which a vertical connection port and an exhaust passage member of an in-cylinder injection engine are fixedly connected. However, since the exhaust purification apparatus 200 of the embodiment is movably provided and the connection between the vertical connection port 150 of the housing 100 and the exhaust passage member 400 of the in-cylinder injection engine is detachable, the exhaust purification apparatus 200 is provided. The exhaust gas can be purified by connecting to an in-cylinder injection engine only when exhaust purification is required. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, when there are a plurality of start exhaust engines, the exhaust purification device 200 is moved only to the start exhaust engine that is in a state of discharging a large amount of black smoke and other particulate matter immediately after the start. It is possible to connect and purify the exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas purification device 200 which is smaller than the number of the start exhaust engines is sufficient.

  In addition, the housing itself is formed along the longitudinal passage 170 as compared with a case where, for example, a connection port is successively opened from a tubular member connected to the exhaust passage member toward the downstream of the exhaust flow, and a filter is connected to the connection port. The direction length is overwhelmingly shorter. Therefore, when the housing 100 is stored, the occupied space of the housing 100 is reduced.

  8 and 9 show a multistage exhaust purification apparatus 200 including a plurality of housings 100 according to the above embodiment. In the figure, a two-stage type including two housings 100 is used, but the number of stages, that is, the number of housings 100 to be stacked is arbitrary, and may be three or more. These housings 100 are connected in series by connecting the vertical connection ports. The exhaust passage member 400 of the in-cylinder injection engine is connected to the vertical connection port 150 of the housing 100 at one end. A closing member 510 is connected to the vertical connection port 150 of the housing 100 at the other end. The filters 300 are connected to all the horizontal connection ports 160 at the introduction ports 310, respectively. In this case, as shown in FIG. 10, the filter 300 may be connected to at least one lateral connection port 160 at the introduction port 310, and the closing member 520 or the valve 600 may be connected to the remaining lateral connection ports 160. Thus, the capacity | capacitance of the exhaust gas purification apparatus 200 changes by changing the number of the filters 300 connected to the housing 100. FIG. Further, when the valve 600 is connected to the lateral connection port 160, when exhausting a large amount of black smoke or other particulate matter immediately after starting, the valve 600 is closed and the exhaust gas is purified by the filter 300. When the discharge amount decreases, the valve 600 can be opened to discharge the exhaust from the valve 600 to the outside. The valve 600 may be connected to the vertical connection port 150. When the housing 100 is of a type including three or more, the vertical connection ports 150 of the adjacent housings 100 are connected to both vertical connection ports 150 in the intermediate housing 100 except for the housings 100 at both ends. The closing member 510 is not connected.

  Similar to the one-stage type exhaust purification apparatus 200 described above, this multi-stage type exhaust purification apparatus 200 is also provided on a carriage 700 so as to be movable on the ground. Similarly to the one-stage type exhaust purification apparatus 200, the connection between one vertical connection port 150 of the housing 100 of the multi-stage type exhaust purification apparatus 200 and the exhaust passage member 400 of the in-cylinder injection engine is detachable. ing. These configurations are the same as those in the case of the one-stage type exhaust purification device 200. A known bellows-like flexible hose may be used for connection between the vertical connection port 150 and the exhaust passage member 400.

  In this multistage type exhaust purification apparatus 200, the lateral passages 180 of adjacent housings 100 are displaced in the circumferential direction as viewed in the direction in which the longitudinal passages 170 extend.

  In this multistage type exhaust purification apparatus 200, the exhaust gas that has entered the vertical connection port 150 at one end from the exhaust passage member 400 of the in-cylinder injection engine passes through the vertical passage 170 and then enters the horizontal passage 180 to be connected laterally. Enter the filter 300 through the mouth 160. The filter 300 collects particulate matter from the exhaust gas that has entered from the inlet 310, and guides the purified exhaust gas to the outside through the outlet 320. Therefore, the number of types of filters 300 may be small. Further, since the capacity of the exhaust emission control device 200 changes depending on the number of filters 300 to be connected, it is possible to easily cope with various in-cylinder injection engines. Further, for example, the length in the direction along the vertical passage 170 is longer than that in the case where connection ports are opened one after another from the tubular member connected to the exhaust passage member toward the downstream of the exhaust flow and a filter is connected to the connection port. Becomes overwhelmingly shorter. Therefore, the space occupied by the filter 300 is reduced, and the exhaust purification device 200 becomes compact. Further, when the exhaust purification device 200 is used as a starting exhaust engine and the valve 600 is connected to the lateral connection port 160, the valve 600 is closed when exhausting a large amount of black smoke or other particulate matter immediately after starting, and the exhaust is exhausted by the filter 300. Then, when the amount of particulate matter discharged becomes relatively small, the valve 600 is opened and the exhaust gas is discharged from the valve 600 to the outside. The engine work rate can be improved by reducing the exhaust resistance. In addition, since the progress of clogging of the filter 300 is delayed, cost reduction and improvement in the degree of freedom of engine operation are realized by reducing the filter regeneration frequency.

  The exhaust purification device of the present invention is also an embodiment of the exhaust purification device fixed to the ground plane, and the vertical connection port and the exhaust passage member of the in-cylinder injection engine are fixedly connected even in a multistage type exhaust purification device An embodiment of an exhaust emission control device is included. However, since the exhaust purification apparatus 200 of the embodiment is movably provided and the connection between the vertical connection port 150 of the housing 100 and the exhaust passage member 400 of the in-cylinder injection engine is detachable, the exhaust purification apparatus 200 is provided. The exhaust gas can be purified by connecting to an in-cylinder injection engine only when exhaust purification is required. Therefore, for example, as in the case shown in FIG. 6, when there are a plurality of start exhaust engines, the exhaust purification device 200 is applied only to the start exhaust engine that is in a state of discharging a large amount of black smoke and other particulate matter immediately after the start. It is possible to move and connect to purify the exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas purifying device 200 which is smaller than the number of start exhaust engines is sufficient.

  Further, as described in the one-stage type exhaust purification device 200, the length of the housing itself in the direction along the vertical passage 170 is overwhelmingly short, so that the occupied space of the housing 100 is small when storing the housing 100. Become.

  In the housing of the present invention, the shape of the vertical passage, the shape of the horizontal passage, the number, the arrangement, the angle and the like are not limited. However, in the housing 100 of this embodiment, the lateral passage 180 diverges radially from the longitudinal passage 170 in the direction in which the longitudinal passage 170 extends, and the longitudinal passage 170 extends when another housing 100 having the same configuration is connected. When viewed in the direction, the lateral passages 180 of the adjacent housings 100 are configured to be displaced in the circumferential direction. In this way, the filter 300 or the valve 600 connected to the lateral passage 180 is not easily displaced in the circumferential direction when viewed in the direction in which the longitudinal passage 170 extends, so that it is easy to replace the filter 300 and perform other maintenance, maintenance of the valve 600, and the like. Can be done. The filter 300 of this embodiment employs a detachment method among the stop regeneration methods, and when the main body 330 of the filter 300 is removed and loaded, the lid 360 of the casing 350 is opened and closed. When the open lid 360 is connected to the lower part of the casing 350 via the lower part of the casing 350, the open lid 360 may hang down from the lower part of the casing 350 and interfere with the filter 300, the valve 600, etc. directly below. Then, since such interference does not occur, replacement of the filter 300 and other maintenance, maintenance of the valve 600 and the like are easy. Even when other regenerative filters are used, there is enough space for connecting, replacing, and other maintenance, connecting valves, replacing, and other maintenance, improving workability. It is advantageous.

  Next, a supplementary explanation of the start-up exhaust engine described in the above embodiment will be given. When the start-up exhaust engine is started, the fuel injection amount is close to the maximum value, and the engine rotation speed increases toward the target rotation speed. The start-up exhaust engine has the characteristic of locally generating air shortage in the operating region where the fuel injection amount is maximum, and generating high-concentration black smoke and other particulate matter. Immediately after the start-up, the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber is introduced into the exhaust gas purification device 200 without being discharged outside. This is performed by controlling the opening and closing of these valves 411 and 421 when the branch exhaust passage members 410 and 420 with the valves 411 and 421 are provided. Further, when the valve 600 is provided in the housing 100, the valve 600 is closed, and the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber is introduced into the exhaust gas purification device 200 without being discharged to the outside. Then, the particulate matter is collected from the exhaust gas by the filter 300 and then released to the atmosphere, so that the particulate matter is hardly discharged to the outside.

  After the start, the black smoke level becomes low except in the case of full load. At this time, the exhaust from the combustion chamber is taken out and not introduced into the exhaust purification device 200. This is performed by controlling the opening and closing of these valves 411 and 421 when the branch exhaust passage members 410 and 420 with the valves 411 and 421 are provided. Further, when the valve 600 is provided in the housing 100, the valve 600 is opened, and the exhaust from the combustion chamber is discharged from the valve 600 to the outside. As described above, the main reason why the black smoke level is lowered immediately after the start is that the fuel injection amount corresponding to the load is obtained when the engine rotation speed reaches the target rotation speed. However, due to the time that exhaust flows through the exhaust passage and the response delay of the control system, the final period immediately after the start does not always coincide with the engine speed reaching the target speed. This will be done in consideration of the correction items.

  In that case, the exhaust gas is purified by the filter 300 immediately after the start when the exhaust gas contains a lot of black smoke and other particulate matter, so that the particulate matter is substantially reduced. Thereafter, the exhaust gas is not passed through the filter 300, so that the engine work rate can be improved by reducing the exhaust resistance. In addition, since the progress of clogging of the filter 300 is delayed, cost reduction and improvement in the degree of freedom of engine operation are realized by reducing the filter regeneration frequency. Also, immediately after start-up, the combustion state tends to be incomplete combustion, and the members constituting the exhaust passage are cold, so that the exhaust flow rate is less than the state after the members constituting the combustion chamber and the exhaust passage are warmed up. Therefore, it is sufficient to provide the filter 300 having a capacity corresponding to this, and the exhaust purification device can be made compact and the cost can be reduced by reducing the space occupied by the filter 300. In particular, in the design of an in-cylinder injection engine that is controlled so that the fuel injection amount is close to the maximum value from the start and the engine rotational speed is increased toward the target rotational speed, in order to reduce the burden on the engine, In some cases, the passage resistance on the downstream side of the exhaust is made relatively small and the allowable exhaust pressure is made relatively small. If such a design is made, the size of the filter 300 and the number of filters are likely to increase. Although there is a tendency, in this embodiment, as described above, the filter 300 is provided on the basis of the state where the exhaust flow rate is small, so that the increase in the size of the filter 300 and the increase in the number of filters can be suppressed. Greatly contributes to downsizing and cost reduction. Therefore, this exhaust purification device improves the engine work rate by reducing the exhaust resistance while reducing the substantial particulate matter, reduces the cost by reducing the filter regeneration frequency, improves the degree of freedom of engine operation, and occupies the filter space. The exhaust gas purification device can be made compact by reducing the amount of exhaust gas.

  In addition, when an in-cylinder injection engine is provided with an exhaust turbocharger that is driven by exhaust and supercharges intake air, the exhaust turbocharger does not function sufficiently immediately after starting, and both intake and exhaust are exhausted. Since the flow is obstructed by the turbocharger, sufficient air cannot be sucked in, the combustion state tends to be incomplete combustion, and the exhaust gas contains a lot of black smoke and other particulate matter. In this embodiment, since the exhaust gas is purified by the filter during such a period, the exhaust gas purification is effectively performed.

  The number of filters, blocking members, and valves connected to the lateral passage of the exhaust emission control device of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. As described in the embodiment, the filter may be connected to all the lateral passages without providing the closing member and the valve, or the filter, the closing member, and the valve may be connected as described in the modification. Further, only the filter and the closing member may be connected, or only the filter and the valve may be connected. The present invention includes an embodiment of a housing and an exhaust purification device that combine the above features.

It is a front view showing an exhaust purification device of a one-stage type of an embodiment. The exhaust passage member of the in-cylinder injection engine is cut by removing the flexible hose. It is a top view which shows the 1 step | paragraph type exhaust gas purification apparatus of embodiment. One filter is cut off halfway. The exhaust passage member of the in-cylinder injection engine is cut by removing the flexible hose. The inside of one filter is indicated by a broken line. It is a front view which shows the housing of embodiment. The vertical passage and the horizontal passage are indicated by broken lines. It is a top view which shows the housing of embodiment. The lateral passage is indicated by a broken line. It is the reduced front view which shows the exhaust emission purification device of embodiment connected to the exhaust passage member of the in-cylinder injection engine. The inlet and outlet of the exhaust passage member are schematically shown with the end faces omitted. It is the front view which reduced the exhaust gas purification apparatus of embodiment connected to the exhaust passage member of one in-cylinder injection engine among several in-cylinder injection engines. The inlet and outlet of the exhaust passage member are schematically shown with the end faces omitted. It is a top view which shows the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the one-stage type of a modification. The exhaust passage member of the in-cylinder injection engine is cut by removing the flexible hose. The inside of the valve is indicated by a broken line. It is the reduced front view which shows the multistage type exhaust gas purification apparatus of embodiment. The exhaust passage member of the cylinder injection engine is cut off halfway. It is the reduced top view which shows the multistage type exhaust gas purification apparatus of embodiment. The exhaust passage member of the cylinder injection engine is cut off halfway. It is the reduced top view which shows the multistage type exhaust gas purification apparatus of a modification. The exhaust passage member of the cylinder injection engine is cut off halfway. The inside of the valve is indicated by a broken line.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Housing 110 1st surface 120 2nd surface 130 Peripheral surface 150 Vertical connection port 160 Horizontal connection port 170 Vertical channel 180 Horizontal channel 200 Exhaust purification device 300 Filter 310 Inlet port 320 Outlet port 400 Exhaust channel member 510 Occlusion member 520 Occlusion member 600 Valve 700 trolley

Claims (5)

An exhaust purification device housing provided with a filter that introduces exhaust from an in-cylinder injection engine from an inlet and collects particulate matter and then leads out from the outlet,
A vertical connection port opens on one surface and a surface almost opposite to this, and a plurality of horizontal connection ports open on the peripheral surface between these two surfaces.
Inside, there are provided a vertical passage whose both ends communicate with two vertical connection ports, and a plurality of horizontal passages branched from this vertical passage and communicated with a plurality of horizontal connection ports, respectively.
The vertical connection port is provided so that a vertical connection port of another identically configured housing, a closing member that closes the vertical connection port, or an exhaust passage member that constitutes an exhaust passage of an in-cylinder injection engine,
The horizontal connection port is an exhaust purification device housing in which a filter introduction port, a closing member for closing the horizontal connection port, or a valve can be connected.   The horizontal passage branches radially from the vertical passage as viewed in the direction in which the vertical passage extends. When other identical housings are connected, the horizontal passages of adjacent housings are circumferentially seen in the direction in which the vertical passage extends. The exhaust purification device housing according to claim 1, wherein the housing is configured to be displaced. An exhaust emission control device comprising the exhaust emission control device housing according to claim 1 or 2,
The exhaust passage member of the in-cylinder injection engine is connected to one vertical connection port,
A closing member is connected to the other vertical connection port,
An exhaust emission control device in which filters are connected to all of the lateral connection ports at the introduction port, or a filter is connected to at least one of the lateral connection ports at the introduction port, and a blocking member or a valve is connected to the remaining lateral connection ports. An exhaust emission control device comprising a plurality of exhaust purification device housings according to claim 1 or 2,
These exhaust purification device housings are connected in series by connecting the vertical connection ports,
The exhaust passage member of the in-cylinder injection engine is connected to the vertical connection port of the exhaust purification device housing at one end,
A closing member is connected to the vertical connection port of the exhaust purification device housing at the other end,
An exhaust emission control device in which filters are connected to all of the lateral connection ports at the introduction port, or a filter is connected to at least one of the lateral connection ports at the introduction port, and a blocking member or a valve is connected to the remaining lateral connection ports. The exhaust gas purification device according to claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the exhaust gas purification device is movably provided,
An exhaust purification device in which a connection between a longitudinal connection port of a housing for an exhaust purification device and an exhaust passage member of an in-cylinder injection engine is detachable.

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