JP2007051584A - Wind power generation device - Google Patents

Wind power generation device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2007051584A
JP2007051584A JP2005237510A JP2005237510A JP2007051584A JP 2007051584 A JP2007051584 A JP 2007051584A JP 2005237510 A JP2005237510 A JP 2005237510A JP 2005237510 A JP2005237510 A JP 2005237510A JP 2007051584 A JP2007051584 A JP 2007051584A
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speed
hydraulic
generator
wind power
power generation
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JP2005237510A
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Inventor
Hisao Miyake
寿生 三宅
Masaaki Shibata
昌明 柴田
Yasuyoshi Touzaki
康嘉 東崎
Isahiko Shoda
功彦 正田
Atsushi Yushimo
篤 湯下
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Priority to JP2005237510A priority Critical patent/JP2007051584A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H39/00—Rotary fluid gearing using pumps and motors of the volumetric type, i.e. passing a predetermined volume of fluid per revolution
    • F16H39/04—Rotary fluid gearing using pumps and motors of the volumetric type, i.e. passing a predetermined volume of fluid per revolution with liquid motor and pump combined in one unit
    • F16H39/06—Rotary fluid gearing using pumps and motors of the volumetric type, i.e. passing a predetermined volume of fluid per revolution with liquid motor and pump combined in one unit pump and motor being of the same type
    • F16H39/08—Rotary fluid gearing using pumps and motors of the volumetric type, i.e. passing a predetermined volume of fluid per revolution with liquid motor and pump combined in one unit pump and motor being of the same type each with one main shaft and provided with pistons reciprocating in cylinders
    • F16H39/10—Rotary fluid gearing using pumps and motors of the volumetric type, i.e. passing a predetermined volume of fluid per revolution with liquid motor and pump combined in one unit pump and motor being of the same type each with one main shaft and provided with pistons reciprocating in cylinders with cylinders arranged around, and parallel or approximately parallel to the main axis of the gearing
    • F16H39/14—Rotary fluid gearing using pumps and motors of the volumetric type, i.e. passing a predetermined volume of fluid per revolution with liquid motor and pump combined in one unit pump and motor being of the same type each with one main shaft and provided with pistons reciprocating in cylinders with cylinders arranged around, and parallel or approximately parallel to the main axis of the gearing with cylinders carried in rotary cylinder blocks or cylinder-bearing members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a low noise wind power generation device capable of stably generating power without providing transmission function on a generator side. <P>SOLUTION: A spindle 6 connected to a rotor head 4 having a windmill rotary blade 5 attached thereon and rotating as one body with the same, a stepless speed-increasing gear 10 of a hydraulic stepless speed-increasing means increasing speed of rotation of the spindle 6 and outputting the same, and the generator 7 driven by output of the stepless speed-increasing gear 10 are provided inside of nacelle installed on a column. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、自然エネルギーの風を回転力に変換する風車を用いて発電を行う風力発電装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a wind turbine generator that generates power using a windmill that converts wind of natural energy into rotational force.

従来より、自然エネルギーである風力を利用して発電を行う風力発電装置が知られている。このような風力発電装置においては、定格出力の増大に伴い、比較的低速となる風車の回転数を増速して高速で発電機を駆動する必要が生じるため、風車の主軸と発電機の入力軸との間に遊星歯車等で構成される機械式の増速機が設けられている。このような増速機は、増速比が一定となる。（たとえば、特許文献１参照）
特開２００１−３０４０９４号公報 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, wind turbine generators that generate electricity using wind energy, which is natural energy, are known. In such a wind turbine generator, as the rated output increases, it is necessary to drive the generator at a high speed by increasing the rotational speed of the wind turbine, which is relatively low speed. A mechanical speed increaser constituted by a planetary gear or the like is provided between the shaft and the shaft. Such a speed increaser has a constant speed increase ratio. (For example, see Patent Document 1)
JP 2001-304094 A

上述したように、一定速比の増速機を用いた従来装置では、自然現象の風力を有効に利用して電流変動の少ない良質の電力を効率よく安定して発電するため、発電機側にインバータ等を用いた可変速発電システムが必要となり複雑な発電システムとコストがかかる。また、遊星歯車を用いた機械式の増速機は、歯車の噛み合い騒音が大きくなりこれがタワーへ伝播して風車の騒音が大きくなるため、近年の環境問題として、発電時における運転騒音をより一層低減することが望まれる。
本発明は、上記の事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、発電機側に可変速機能を設けることなく、安定した発電を行うことができる低騒音の風力発電装置を提供することにある。 As described above, in the conventional device using the speed increaser of the constant speed ratio, the generator side is used to efficiently and stably generate high-quality power with little current fluctuation by effectively using the natural wind power. A variable speed power generation system using an inverter or the like is required, which requires a complicated power generation system and cost. In addition, mechanical gearboxes using planetary gears increase gear meshing noise, which propagates to the tower and increases windmill noise. Reduction is desired.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a low-noise wind power generator capable of performing stable power generation without providing a variable speed function on the generator side. It is to provide.

本発明は、上記の課題を解決するため、下記の手段を採用した。
本発明に係る風力発電装置は、支柱上に設置されたナセルに、風車翼を取り付けたロータヘッドに連結されて一体に回転する主軸と、該主軸の回転を増速して出力する増速機と、該増速機の出力により駆動される発電機とが設けられている風力発電装置であって、前記増速機が油圧式無段変速手段であることを特徴とするものである。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
A wind power generator according to the present invention includes a main shaft that is connected to a rotor head on which wind turbine blades are attached to a nacelle installed on a support column, and a speed increasing device that accelerates and outputs the rotation of the main shaft. And a generator driven by the output of the speed increaser, wherein the speed increaser is a hydraulic continuously variable transmission means.

このような風力発電装置によれば、増速部を油圧式無段変速手段としたので、発電システムの可変速化が可能となる。   According to such a wind power generator, since the speed increasing portion is a hydraulic continuously variable transmission means, the power generation system can be made variable in speed.

上述した本発明によれば、増速機を油圧式無段変速手段として可変速化したので、発電機側にインバータ等の可変速発電システムを設けなくても、自然現象の風力を有効に利用して電流変動の少ない良質の電力を効率よく安定して発電することができる。
また、遊星歯車を用いた機械式の増速機がないので、歯車の噛み合い騒音の問題が解消され、発電時における運転騒音をより一層低減することもできる。 According to the present invention described above, the speed increaser is made variable as a hydraulic stepless transmission means, so that natural wind power can be used effectively without providing a variable speed power generation system such as an inverter on the generator side. As a result, it is possible to efficiently and stably generate high-quality power with little current fluctuation.
Further, since there is no mechanical gearbox using planetary gears, the problem of gear meshing noise can be solved, and operating noise during power generation can be further reduced.

以下、本発明に係る風力発電装置の軸カップリング構造の一実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
図２に示す風力発電装置１は、基礎上に立設される支柱２と、支柱２の上端に設置されるナセル３と、略水平な軸線周りに回転可能にしてナセル３に設けられるローターヘッド４とを有している。
ローターヘッド４には、その回転軸線周りに放射状にして複数枚の風車翼５が取り付けられている。これにより、ローターヘッド４の回転軸線方向から風車翼５に当たった風の力が、ローターヘッド４を回転軸線周りに回転させる動力に変換されるようになっている。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of a shaft coupling structure of a wind turbine generator according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
A wind power generator 1 shown in FIG. 2 includes a column 2 standing on a foundation, a nacelle 3 installed on the upper end of the column 2, and a rotor head provided on the nacelle 3 so as to be rotatable around a substantially horizontal axis. 4.
A plurality of wind turbine blades 5 are attached to the rotor head 4 in a radial pattern around the rotation axis. As a result, the force of the wind striking the wind turbine blade 5 from the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor head 4 is converted into power for rotating the rotor head 4 around the rotation axis.

図１は、ナセル３の内部構造例を示す模式図である。ナセル３の内部には、風力を利用して得られる回転力を電気エネルギーに変換する機構として、油圧式無段変速手段の無段増速機１０及び発電機７が設置されている。
無段増速機１０は、ロータヘッド４と一体に回転する主軸６に連結された傾斜ポンプ部２０と、発電機７の駆動軸８に連結されたポンプモータ部３０とを備え、傾斜ポンプ部２０とポンプモータ部３０との間が２本の油圧配管１１，１２により連結された構成とされる。 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the internal structure of the nacelle 3. Inside the nacelle 3, a continuously variable speed increaser 10 and a generator 7, which are hydraulic continuously variable transmission means, are installed as a mechanism for converting a rotational force obtained using wind power into electric energy.
The continuously variable speed increaser 10 includes a tilt pump unit 20 connected to the main shaft 6 that rotates integrally with the rotor head 4, and a pump motor unit 30 connected to the drive shaft 8 of the generator 7. 20 and the pump motor unit 30 are connected by two hydraulic pipes 11 and 12.

傾斜ポンプ部２０のケーシング２１内には、入力軸２２と一体に回転する傾斜板２３が設けられている。この傾斜板２３は、図示しない傾斜角可変機構により、入力軸２２の軸線に対する傾斜角度を所望の値に無段階調整できるようになっている。
また、傾斜ポンプ部２０のケーシング２１内には、主軸６の回転に伴う傾斜板２３の偏心回転に連動して往復運動を行う一対の油圧ピストン２４，２５が設けられている。これらの油圧ピストン２４，２５には、各々独立した油圧流路を形成する油圧配管１１，１２の一端が連結されている。
なお、図中の符号２６は、入力軸２２を回動可能に支持する軸受である。 An inclined plate 23 that rotates integrally with the input shaft 22 is provided in the casing 21 of the inclined pump unit 20. The inclined plate 23 can adjust the inclination angle with respect to the axis of the input shaft 22 to a desired value steplessly by an inclination angle variable mechanism (not shown).
In addition, a pair of hydraulic pistons 24 and 25 that reciprocate in synchronization with the eccentric rotation of the inclined plate 23 accompanying the rotation of the main shaft 6 are provided in the casing 21 of the inclined pump unit 20. The hydraulic pistons 24 and 25 are connected to one ends of hydraulic pipes 11 and 12 that form independent hydraulic flow paths.
In addition, the code | symbol 26 in a figure is a bearing which supports the input shaft 22 so that rotation is possible.

ポンプモータ部３０のケーシング３１内には、出力軸３２と一体に回転する傾斜板３３が設けられている。この傾斜板３３は、図示しない傾斜角可変機構により、出力軸３２の軸線に対する傾斜角度を所望の値に無段階調整できるようになっている。
また、ポンプモータ部３０のケーシング３１内には、各々が傾斜ポンプ部２０の油圧ピストン２４，２５と油圧配管１１，１２で連結され、油圧ピストン２４，２５から油圧を受けて傾斜板３３を偏心回転させる油圧ピストン３４，３５が設けられている。この傾斜板３３が傾斜回転することにより、出力軸３２も一体に回転するので、この回転力により発電機７を駆動することができる。
なお、図中の符号２６は、入力軸２２を回動可能に支持する軸受である。 An inclined plate 33 that rotates integrally with the output shaft 32 is provided in the casing 31 of the pump motor unit 30. The inclination plate 33 can adjust the inclination angle of the output shaft 32 with respect to the axis of the output shaft 32 to a desired value steplessly by an inclination angle variable mechanism (not shown).
The casing 31 of the pump motor unit 30 is connected to the hydraulic pistons 24 and 25 of the inclined pump unit 20 by the hydraulic pipes 11 and 12, respectively, and receives the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pistons 24 and 25 to eccentric the inclined plate 33. Hydraulic pistons 34 and 35 to be rotated are provided. Since the inclined plate 33 rotates in an inclined manner, the output shaft 32 also rotates together, so that the generator 7 can be driven by this rotational force.
In addition, the code | symbol 26 in a figure is a bearing which supports the input shaft 22 so that rotation is possible.

上述した構成の風力発電装置１では、風車翼５に受ける風力が回転力に変換されて主軸６を回転させる。この回転力を発生させる風力は自然現象であるため、人為的に制御することはできず、従って、常に変動することとなる。このため、無段増速機１０により主軸６の回転数を所望の回転数に変速して発電機７を駆動する。
無段増速機１０では、主軸６に直結された入力軸２２が同じ回転数で回転する。また、傾斜板２３は、入力軸２２と同じ回転数で傾斜回転するので、外周部が入力軸２２の方向へ揺動して油圧ピストン２４，２５を往復運動させる。油圧ピストン２４，２５は、傾斜板２３の傾斜角度に応じてストロークが変化するので、往復運動の速度を変化させることができる。 In the wind turbine generator 1 having the above-described configuration, the wind force received by the wind turbine blade 5 is converted into a rotational force to rotate the main shaft 6. Since the wind force that generates this rotational force is a natural phenomenon, it cannot be artificially controlled and therefore always fluctuates. For this reason, the continuously variable speed increaser 10 changes the rotational speed of the main shaft 6 to a desired rotational speed to drive the generator 7.
In the continuously variable speed increaser 10, the input shaft 22 directly connected to the main shaft 6 rotates at the same rotational speed. Further, since the inclined plate 23 is inclined and rotated at the same rotational speed as the input shaft 22, the outer peripheral portion swings in the direction of the input shaft 22 to reciprocate the hydraulic pistons 24 and 25. Since the strokes of the hydraulic pistons 24 and 25 change according to the inclination angle of the inclined plate 23, the speed of the reciprocating motion can be changed.

このような油圧ピストン２４，２５の往復運動により、油圧配管１１，１２内の油圧が移動してポンプモータ部３０の油圧ピストン３４，３５に作用する。図１に示す例において、油圧配管１１内の油圧は、ポンプモータ部３０側から傾斜ポンプ部２０側へ移動しており、油圧配管１２内の油圧は、反対に傾斜ポンプ部２０側からポンプモータ部３０側へ移動している。
この結果、油圧ピストン３４，３５が油圧を受けて傾斜板３３を傾斜回転させることとなり、この回転と同じ回転数で出力軸３２も回転する。このとき、傾斜板３の傾斜角度を調整することにより、油圧ピストン３４，３５のストロークが変動する。 By such reciprocating motion of the hydraulic pistons 24 and 25, the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic pipes 11 and 12 moves and acts on the hydraulic pistons 34 and 35 of the pump motor unit 30. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic pipe 11 is moved from the pump motor section 30 side to the inclined pump section 20 side, and the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic pipe 12 is reversed from the inclined pump section 20 side. It moves to the part 30 side.
As a result, the hydraulic pistons 34 and 35 receive the hydraulic pressure to rotate the inclined plate 33, and the output shaft 32 also rotates at the same rotational speed as this rotation. At this time, the stroke of the hydraulic pistons 34 and 35 varies by adjusting the inclination angle of the inclined plate 3.

また、無段変速機１０の入力軸２２と出力軸３２との間では、傾斜板２３，３３の傾斜角度がいずれも一定に設定されている場合、ピストンのストローク比や面積比等の諸条件に応じて定まる一定の変速比により回転数の変速が行われる。
しかし、傾斜板２３，３３の傾斜角度を適宜変化させると、傾斜ポンプ部２０側に設けた油圧ピストン２４，２５と、ポンプモータ部３０側に設けた油圧ピストン３４，３５との間においてストローク比が変動する。このため、入力軸２２の回転数と出力軸３２との回転数は、無段階調整可能な傾斜板２３，３３の傾斜角度を適宜変化させることにより、変速比を無段階に制御することが可能となる。 Further, between the input shaft 22 and the output shaft 32 of the continuously variable transmission 10, when the inclination angles of the inclined plates 23 and 33 are set to be constant, various conditions such as the piston stroke ratio and area ratio, etc. The rotational speed is changed at a constant speed ratio determined according to the above.
However, if the inclination angles of the inclined plates 23 and 33 are appropriately changed, the stroke ratio between the hydraulic pistons 24 and 25 provided on the inclined pump unit 20 side and the hydraulic pistons 34 and 35 provided on the pump motor unit 30 side is increased. Fluctuates. For this reason, the rotational speed of the input shaft 22 and the rotational speed of the output shaft 32 can be controlled steplessly by appropriately changing the tilt angles of the tilt plates 23 and 33 that can be adjusted steplessly. It becomes.

従って、自然現象である風力の変動に応じて変化する主軸６の回転数は、傾斜板２３，３３の傾斜角度を調整することにより、無段増速機１０を介して略一定の回転数となるよう変速することができる。すなわち、無段増速機１０を油圧式無段変速手段として可変速化したので、発電機７側にインバータ等の可変速発電システムを設ける必要がなくなり、自然現象の風力を有効に利用して電流変動の少ない良質の電力を効率よく安定して発電することができる。しかも、無段変速機１０を採用することで遊星歯車を用いた機械式の増速機が不要となるので、歯車の噛み合い騒音の問題も解消され、発電時における運転騒音をより一層低減することもできる。
なお、本発明は上述した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において適宜変更することができる。 Accordingly, the rotational speed of the main shaft 6 that changes in accordance with the fluctuation of the wind force, which is a natural phenomenon, can be set to a substantially constant rotational speed via the continuously variable speed increaser 10 by adjusting the inclination angle of the inclined plates 23 and 33. The speed can be changed. That is, since the continuously variable speed increaser 10 is made variable as a hydraulic continuously variable transmission means, there is no need to provide a variable speed power generation system such as an inverter on the generator 7 side, and natural wind power is effectively used. High-quality power with little current fluctuation can be generated efficiently and stably. In addition, the use of the continuously variable transmission 10 eliminates the need for a mechanical gearbox using planetary gears, thereby eliminating the problem of gear meshing noise and further reducing operating noise during power generation. You can also.
In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, In the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, it can change suitably.

本発明に係る風力発電装置の一実施形態を示す図で、ナセル内部の構成例を示す模式図である。It is a figure which shows one Embodiment of the wind power generator which concerns on this invention, and is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example inside a nacelle. 風力発電装置の構成例を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the structural example of a wind power generator.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 風力発電装置
３ ナセル
４ ロータヘッド
５ 風車回転翼
６ 主軸
７ 発電機
８ 駆動軸
１０ 無段増速機（油圧式無段変速手段）
１１，１２ 油圧配管
２０ 傾斜ポンプ部
２１，３１ ケーシング
２２ 入力軸
２３，３３ 傾斜板
２４，２５，３４，３５ 油圧ピストン
２６，３６ 軸受
３０ ポンプモータ部
３２ 出力軸 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wind power generator 3 Nacelle 4 Rotor head 5 Windmill rotary blade 6 Main shaft 7 Generator 8 Drive shaft 10 Continuously-increasing gear (hydraulic continuously variable transmission means)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11,12 Hydraulic piping 20 Inclination pump part 21,31 Casing 22 Input shaft 23,33 Inclination plate 24,25,34,35 Hydraulic piston 26,36 Bearing 30 Pump motor part 32 Output shaft

Claims (1)

支柱上に設置されたナセルに、風車翼を取り付けたロータヘッドに連結されて一体に回転する主軸と、該主軸の回転を増速して出力する増速機と、該増速機の出力により駆動される発電機とが設けられている風力発電装置であって、
前記増速機が油圧式無段変速手段であることを特徴とする風力発電装置。 A main shaft that is connected to a rotor head with wind turbine blades attached to a nacelle installed on a column, rotates integrally, a speed increaser that speeds up the rotation of the main shaft, and outputs the speed increaser. A wind power generator provided with a driven generator,
The wind power generator characterized in that the speed increaser is a hydraulic continuously variable transmission means.
JP2005237510A 2005-08-18 2005-08-18 Wind power generation device Withdrawn JP2007051584A (en)

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Cited By (7)

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CN102386830A (en) * 2010-09-06 2012-03-21 高则行 Mechanical rotating speed control device and wind power generating equipment
CN103003564A (en) * 2011-09-22 2013-03-27 三菱重工业株式会社 Regnerative energy power generation device and rotor locking method therefor
WO2013042279A1 (en) * 2011-09-22 2013-03-28 三菱重工業株式会社 Renewable energy-type electric power generation device and rotor affixation method for same
WO2013030886A3 (en) * 2011-08-30 2013-08-01 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Oil supply in renewable energy turbine generator
US8710693B2 (en) 2011-09-22 2014-04-29 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Power generating apparatus of renewable energy type and method of attaching and detaching blade
JP5634595B2 (en) * 2011-09-22 2014-12-03 三菱重工業株式会社 Regenerative energy type power generator and rotor fixing method thereof
CN104204515A (en) * 2012-01-11 2014-12-10 液体传输有限责任公司 Transmission

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102386830A (en) * 2010-09-06 2012-03-21 高则行 Mechanical rotating speed control device and wind power generating equipment
WO2013030886A3 (en) * 2011-08-30 2013-08-01 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Oil supply in renewable energy turbine generator
CN103003564A (en) * 2011-09-22 2013-03-27 三菱重工业株式会社 Regnerative energy power generation device and rotor locking method therefor
WO2013042279A1 (en) * 2011-09-22 2013-03-28 三菱重工業株式会社 Renewable energy-type electric power generation device and rotor affixation method for same
WO2013042252A1 (en) * 2011-09-22 2013-03-28 三菱重工業株式会社 Regnerative energy power generation device and rotor locking method therefor
US8624413B2 (en) 2011-09-22 2014-01-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Regeneration energy type electric generation apparatus and its rotor fixing method
US8710693B2 (en) 2011-09-22 2014-04-29 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Power generating apparatus of renewable energy type and method of attaching and detaching blade
JP5518180B2 (en) * 2011-09-22 2014-06-11 三菱重工業株式会社 Regenerative energy type power generator and rotor fixing method thereof
JP5634595B2 (en) * 2011-09-22 2014-12-03 三菱重工業株式会社 Regenerative energy type power generator and rotor fixing method thereof
CN104204515A (en) * 2012-01-11 2014-12-10 液体传输有限责任公司 Transmission

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