JP2007040118A - Aqueous urea nozzle device - Google Patents

Aqueous urea nozzle device Download PDF

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JP2007040118A
JP2007040118A JP2005222679A JP2005222679A JP2007040118A JP 2007040118 A JP2007040118 A JP 2007040118A JP 2005222679 A JP2005222679 A JP 2005222679A JP 2005222679 A JP2005222679 A JP 2005222679A JP 2007040118 A JP2007040118 A JP 2007040118A
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urea water
air
jet
nozzle device
exhaust gas
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Hironori Sato
裕紀 佐藤
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Osaka Gas Co Ltd
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Osaka Gas Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an aqueous urea nozzle device capable of ejecting aqueous urea into exhaust gas through sufficient atomization thereof. <P>SOLUTION: An aqueous urea nozzle 30 which ejects aqueous urea into exhaust gas of an engine, is equipped with a nozzle body 52 mounted in an exhaust pipe through which exhaust gas flows. The tip ejection part 31 of the nozzle body 52 is protruded inside the exhaust pipe, and concentrically provided with triple ejection ports 54, 56, 58. Ejection ports 54, 56 on the radial inside and outside are employed as ejection port for air which ejects compressed air. An intermediate ejection port 56 between the ejection ports 54, 58 is employed as an ejection port for aqueous urea which ejects aqueous urea. The compressed air acts on aqueous urea ejected through the intermediate ejection port 56 from the radial inside and outside so as to atomize aqueous urea. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、エンジンの排気ガス中に尿素水を噴出する尿素水ノズル装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a urea water nozzle device that ejects urea water into engine exhaust gas.

エンジン（コージェネレーションシステム用ガスエンジン、車両用ディーゼルエンジンなど）の排気ガスにはＮＯｘ（窒素酸化物）が含まれており、この排気ガスのＮＯｘの排出量を規制値内に抑えるために、エンジンの排気系に簡易脱硝装置を設けたものが知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。この簡易脱硝装置は、エンジンの排気系に配設された尿素水ノズル装置及びＮＯｘ触媒を備えており、尿素水ノズル装置から排気ガス中に尿素水が噴出され、かく噴出された尿素水が排気ガス中で分解してアンモニアが生成され、このアンモニアと排気ガス中のＮＯｘとをＮＯｘ触媒で反応させてＮＯＸの排出量を抑えている。   NOx (nitrogen oxide) is contained in exhaust gas from engines (cogeneration system gas engines, vehicular diesel engines, etc.). In order to keep the exhaust gas NOx emissions within the limits, the engine There is known an exhaust system provided with a simple denitration device (see, for example, Patent Document 1). This simple denitration device includes a urea water nozzle device and a NOx catalyst disposed in the exhaust system of the engine. Urea water is ejected from the urea water nozzle device into the exhaust gas, and the urea water thus ejected is exhausted. Ammonia is generated by decomposition in the gas, and this NOx in the exhaust gas is reacted with the NOx catalyst to suppress NOx emission.

この尿素水噴射ノズル装置として、例えば、図３に示すものが用いられている。従来の尿素水噴射ノズルの一例を示す図３において、図示の尿素水ノズル装置２は、エンジンの排気管（図示せず）に取り付けられるノズル本体４を備え、このノズル本体４の中心部に尿素水流路６が設けられ、この尿素水流路６の外周側に空気流路８が設けられている。このノズル本体４の先端噴出部１０には、その中央部に尿素水用噴出口１２が、この尿素水用噴出口１２の周囲に空気用噴出口１４が同心状に設けられている。尿素水流路６は尿素水用噴出口１２に連通され、尿素水供給源（図示せず）から尿素水流路６を通して供給される尿素水は尿素水用噴出口１２から噴出され、また空気流路８は空気用噴出口１４に連通され、空気供給源（図示せず）から空気流路８を通して供給される圧縮空気は空気用噴出口１４から噴出され、空気用噴出口１４から噴出される圧縮空気の作用によって、尿素水用噴出口１２から噴出される尿素水が霧化されて気化し、気化した尿素水を含む排気ガスがＮＯｘ触媒に送給され、このＮＯｘ触媒にてアンモニアと排気ガス中のＮＯｘガスとが反応する。   As this urea water injection nozzle device, for example, the one shown in FIG. 3 is used. In FIG. 3 illustrating an example of a conventional urea water injection nozzle, the illustrated urea water nozzle device 2 includes a nozzle body 4 attached to an exhaust pipe (not shown) of an engine, and urea is disposed at the center of the nozzle body 4. A water flow path 6 is provided, and an air flow path 8 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the urea water flow path 6. The tip jet portion 10 of the nozzle body 4 is provided with a urea water jet 12 at the center thereof and an air jet 14 around the urea water jet 12 concentrically. The urea water channel 6 communicates with the urea water jet 12, and urea water supplied from the urea water supply source (not shown) through the urea water channel 6 is jetted from the urea water jet 12 and the air channel. 8 is communicated with the air jet 14, and compressed air supplied from an air supply source (not shown) through the air flow path 8 is jetted from the air jet 14 and compressed from the air jet 14. Due to the action of air, the urea water ejected from the urea water jet 12 is atomized and vaporized, and the exhaust gas containing the vaporized urea water is supplied to the NOx catalyst. In this NOx catalyst, ammonia and exhaust gas are supplied. The NOx gas in it reacts.

特開平９−１５００３８号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-150038

このような簡易脱硝装置では、尿素水ノズル装置の下流側のＮＯｘ触媒が配設されるが、ＮＯｘ触媒での排気ガス中のＮＯｘとアンモニアとの反応を促進するためには、尿素水噴射ノズル装置２の尿素水用噴出口１２から噴出された尿素水が気化された後に排気ガスと混合された状態にてＮｏｘ触媒に導入される必要がある。そのために、従来の簡易脱硝装置においては、尿素水ノズル装置からＮｏｘ触媒までの間に一定距離の直線状配管が設けられ、この直線状配管を流れる間に尿素水用噴出口１２から噴出された尿素水が気化されて排気ガスに所要の通りに混合されるようになっている。   In such a simple denitration device, a NOx catalyst on the downstream side of the urea water nozzle device is disposed, but in order to promote the reaction between NOx in the exhaust gas and ammonia in the NOx catalyst, a urea water injection nozzle The urea water ejected from the urea water ejection port 12 of the apparatus 2 needs to be introduced into the Nox catalyst in a state of being mixed with the exhaust gas after being vaporized. Therefore, in the conventional simple denitration device, a straight pipe having a fixed distance is provided between the urea water nozzle device and the Nox catalyst, and the urea water is ejected from the urea water jet 12 while flowing through the straight pipe. The urea water is vaporized and mixed with the exhaust gas as required.

しかしながら、エンジンの排気系に適用する場合、設置スペースの都合上、尿素水ノズル装置２の下流側に所定長さの直線状配管を設置するようなレイアウトを採用することが困難なことがある。また、エンジンの排気系の配管コストは、配管長さに応じて増加するために、所定長さの直線状配管を設けるために配管レイアウトが複雑になると、配管構造が複雑になるとともに、配管コストが高くなる。このようなことから、尿素水ノズル装置２から噴出される尿素水の微粒化を図り、気化に要する時間を短くすることができる尿素水ノズル装置の実現が望まれていた。   However, when applied to the engine exhaust system, it may be difficult to adopt a layout in which a straight pipe having a predetermined length is installed on the downstream side of the urea water nozzle device 2 due to the installation space. In addition, since the piping cost of the exhaust system of an engine increases with the piping length, if the piping layout becomes complicated to provide a straight piping of a predetermined length, the piping structure becomes complicated and the piping cost Becomes higher. For this reason, it has been desired to realize a urea water nozzle device capable of atomizing urea water ejected from the urea water nozzle device 2 and shortening the time required for vaporization.

また、この尿素水ノズル装置２は、エンジンの排ガス中に常温の尿素水を噴出するが、エンジンからの排気ガスの温度は４００〜５００℃と高温状態にあるために、尿素水ノズル装置２から噴出された尿素水が充分に気化されずにその液滴が配管に付着すると、配管割れなどの問題が発生する。   The urea water nozzle device 2 ejects normal temperature urea water into the exhaust gas of the engine. Since the temperature of the exhaust gas from the engine is in a high temperature state of 400 to 500 ° C., the urea water nozzle device 2 If the ejected urea water is not sufficiently vaporized and the droplets adhere to the pipe, problems such as pipe cracking occur.

本発明の目的は、尿素水を充分に微粒化して排気ガス中に噴出されるさせることができる尿素水ノズル装置を提供することである。   An object of the present invention is to provide a urea water nozzle device capable of sufficiently atomizing urea water and ejecting it into exhaust gas.

本発明の請求項１に記載の尿素水ノズル装置は、エンジンの排気ガス中に尿素水を噴出する尿素水ノズル装置であって、排気ガスが流れる排気管に取り付けられるノズル本体を備え、前記ノズル本体の先端噴出部は前記排気管内に突出し、前記先端噴出部には少なくとも３重の噴出口が同心状に設けられ、前記噴出口は空気を噴出する空気用噴出口と尿素水を噴出する尿素水用噴出口とが交互に配設されていることを特徴とする。   A urea water nozzle device according to claim 1 of the present invention is a urea water nozzle device for injecting urea water into engine exhaust gas, comprising a nozzle body attached to an exhaust pipe through which the exhaust gas flows, wherein the nozzle The tip ejection portion of the main body protrudes into the exhaust pipe, and the tip ejection portion is provided with at least a triple ejection port concentrically, and the ejection port is an air ejection port for ejecting air and urea for ejecting urea water. The water jets are alternately arranged.

また、本発明の請求項２に記載の尿素水ノズル装置では、前記ノズル本体の先端噴出部には３重の噴出口が同心状に設けられ、前記空気用噴出口は径方向内側及び外側に配設され、前記尿素水用噴出口は内側空気用噴出口と外側空気用噴出口との間に配設されていることを特徴とする。   Moreover, in the urea water nozzle device according to claim 2 of the present invention, a triple jet port is provided concentrically at the tip jet part of the nozzle body, and the air jet port is arranged radially inside and outside. The urea water jet port is arranged between the inner air jet port and the outer air jet port.

更に、本発明の請求項３に記載の尿素水ノズル装置では、前記ノズル本体の前記内側空気用噴出口に空気を送給するための第１空気流路の流路断面積と前記外側空気用噴出口に空気を送給するための第２空気流路の流路断面積は実質上等しく、空気供給源から供給される空気は、前記第１及び第２空気流路を通して前記内側及び外側空気用噴出口に実質上均等に配分して送給されることを特徴とする。   Furthermore, in the urea water nozzle device according to claim 3 of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of the first air flow path for supplying air to the inner air outlet of the nozzle body and the outer air The flow passage cross-sectional areas of the second air flow paths for supplying air to the jet outlet are substantially equal, and the air supplied from the air supply source passes through the first and second air flow paths, and the inner and outer air flows. It is characterized by being distributed substantially evenly distributed to the jet nozzles.

本発明の請求項１に記載の尿素水ノズル装置によれば、ノズル本体の先端噴出部には少なくとも３重の噴出口が同心状に配設され、これら噴出口は尿素水を噴出する尿素水用噴出口と空気を噴出する空気用噴出口とが交互に配設されているので、空気用噴出口から噴出された空気が尿素水用噴出口から噴出された尿素水に効果的に作用して霧化し、その気化を促進することができる。その結果、尿素水の気化、混合に必要な排気系の直線状配管の長さを短くすることができ、これによって、排気系のレイアウトを簡単に、また配管コストを下げることができ、更に配管への液滴をも少なく抑えることができる。   According to the urea water nozzle device of the first aspect of the present invention, at least three jet nozzles are concentrically arranged at the tip jet section of the nozzle body, and these jet nozzles jet urea water. The air jets for air and the air jets for jetting air are arranged alternately so that the air jetted from the air jets effectively acts on the urea water jetted from the urea water jets. To atomize and promote its vaporization. As a result, it is possible to shorten the length of the straight exhaust pipe necessary for vaporization and mixing of urea water, thereby simplifying the layout of the exhaust system and reducing the piping cost, and further reducing the piping cost. It is possible to reduce the number of droplets on the surface.

また、本発明の請求項２に記載の尿素水ノズル装置によれば、ノズル本体の先端噴出部に３重の噴出口が設けられ、空気用噴出口が内側及び外側に配設され、尿素用噴出口がこれら空気用噴出口の間に配設されているので、尿素用噴出口から噴出する尿素水には径方向内側からは内側空気用噴出口から噴出される空気が作用し、また径方向外側からは外側空気用噴出口から噴出される空気が作用し、径方向両側から作用する空気によって尿素水を効果的に霧化させて短時間に気化させることができ、また液滴の発生もより少なくすることができる。   According to the urea water nozzle device of the second aspect of the present invention, the triple jet port is provided at the tip jet part of the nozzle body, the air jet ports are arranged on the inner side and the outer side, Since the spout is disposed between the air spouts, the air spouted from the inner air spout acts on the urea water spouted from the urea spout from the inside in the radial direction. From the outside in the direction, the air blown from the outside air outlet acts, and the air acting from both sides in the radial direction can effectively atomize the urea water and vaporize it in a short time. Can also be less.

更に、本発明の請求項３に記載の尿素水ノズル装置によれば、第１空気流路の流路断面積と第２空気流路の流路断面積とが実質上等しいので、空気供給源から供給される空気は第１及び第２空気流路に実質上均等に配分されて内側及び外側空気噴出口に送給され、これによって、尿素水噴出口から噴出される尿素水には径方向内側及び外側からほぼ同量の空気が作用し、かくして尿素水噴出口からの尿素水をより効率よく霧化し、短時間に気化することができる。   Furthermore, according to the urea water nozzle device of the third aspect of the present invention, the flow path cross-sectional area of the first air flow path and the flow path cross-sectional area of the second air flow path are substantially equal. Is supplied to the inner and outer air outlets substantially uniformly in the first and second air flow paths, whereby the urea water ejected from the urea water outlet is radially oriented. Almost the same amount of air acts from the inside and the outside, and thus the urea water from the urea water outlet can be atomized more efficiently and vaporized in a short time.

以下、図１及び図２を参照して、本発明に従う尿素水ノズル装置の一実施形態について説明する。図１は、一実施形態の尿素水ノズル装置を装備したエンジンの排気系を簡略的に示す図であり、図２は、図１の尿素水ノズル装置の一部を示す部分断面図である。   Hereinafter, with reference to FIG.1 and FIG.2, one Embodiment of the urea water nozzle apparatus according to this invention is described. FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an exhaust system of an engine equipped with the urea water nozzle device of one embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a part of the urea water nozzle device of FIG.

図１において、コージェネレーションシステムのガスエンジンの如きエンジン２２の排気系２４に簡易脱硝装置２６が配設され、この簡易脱硝装置２６は、エンジン２２の排気系２４の排気管２８に取り付けられた尿素水ノズル装置３０と、この尿素水ノズル装置３０の下流側に配設されたＮＯｘ触媒３２とを備えており、尿素水ノズル装置３０の先端噴出部３１が排気管２８内に突出している。尿素水ノズル装置３０は、尿素タンクの如き尿素供給源３２に接続されているとともに、コンプレッサの如き空気供給源３４に接続されており、後述する如く、尿素供給源３２からの尿素水は尿素水送給流路３６を通して尿素水ノズル装置３０に供給されるとともに、空気供給源３４からの圧縮空気が空気送給流路３８を通して尿素水ノズル装置３０に送給される。また、ＮＯｘ触媒３２は、排気管２８によって規定される排気流路４０に配設され、尿素水ノズル装置３０の取付部位より所定距離、例えば０．８〜１．３ｍ程度下流側に配設される。尚、尿素水ノズル装置３０については、後に詳述する。   In FIG. 1, a simple denitration device 26 is disposed in an exhaust system 24 of an engine 22 such as a gas engine of a cogeneration system. The simple denitration device 26 is urea attached to an exhaust pipe 28 of the exhaust system 24 of the engine 22. A water nozzle device 30 and a NOx catalyst 32 disposed on the downstream side of the urea water nozzle device 30 are provided, and a tip ejection portion 31 of the urea water nozzle device 30 projects into the exhaust pipe 28. The urea water nozzle device 30 is connected to a urea supply source 32 such as a urea tank and is connected to an air supply source 34 such as a compressor. As described later, the urea water from the urea supply source 32 is urea water. While being supplied to the urea water nozzle device 30 through the feed channel 36, compressed air from the air supply source 34 is fed to the urea water nozzle device 30 through the air feed channel 38. The NOx catalyst 32 is disposed in the exhaust passage 40 defined by the exhaust pipe 28, and is disposed at a predetermined distance, for example, about 0.8 to 1.3 m downstream from the attachment site of the urea water nozzle device 30. The The urea water nozzle device 30 will be described in detail later.

この簡易脱硝装置２６を装備したエンジン２２においては、次のようにして排気ガス中のＮＯｘの濃度が低減される。即ち、エンジン２２からの排気ガスは、矢印４２で示すように排気流路４０を通して外部に排出される。尿素水ノズル装置３０は、排気流路４０を流れる排気ガスに向けて圧縮空気とともに尿素水を噴出し、尿素水ノズル装置３０から噴出される尿素水が圧縮空気によって霧化され、Ｎｏｘ触媒３２に向けて下流側に流れる間に気化され、気化した尿素水を含む排気ガスがＮＯｘ触媒３２に送給される。ＮＯｘ触媒３２では、尿素水の分解により生成されるアンモニアと排気ガス中のＮＯｘガスとが反応し、かかる反応によって排気ガス中のＮＯｘが少なくなり、ＮＯｘ濃度が低減した排気ガスが外部に排出される。   In the engine 22 equipped with the simple denitration device 26, the concentration of NOx in the exhaust gas is reduced as follows. That is, the exhaust gas from the engine 22 is discharged to the outside through the exhaust passage 40 as indicated by an arrow 42. The urea water nozzle device 30 ejects urea water together with the compressed air toward the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust flow path 40, and the urea water ejected from the urea water nozzle device 30 is atomized by the compressed air, and becomes the Nox catalyst 32. The exhaust gas containing the vaporized urea water that is vaporized while flowing downstream is supplied to the NOx catalyst 32. In the NOx catalyst 32, the ammonia produced by the decomposition of the urea water reacts with the NOx gas in the exhaust gas, and this reaction reduces the NOx in the exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas with a reduced NOx concentration is discharged to the outside. The

次に、図２を参照して、この簡易脱硝装置２６の尿素水ノズル装置３０について説明する。尿素水ノズル装置３０は、排気管２８に取り付けられるノズル本体５２を備えており、このノズル本体５２の先端噴出部３１が排気管２８を貫通して排気流路４２に位置している。この先端噴出部３１の先端面には、三つの噴出口５４，５６，５８が同心状に設けられ、この実施形態では、内側の噴出口５４及び外側の噴出口５８が圧縮空気が噴出する空気用噴出口として機能し、内側及び外側の両噴出口５４，５８の間に位置する中間噴出口５６が尿素水が噴出する尿素水用噴出口として機能する。   Next, the urea water nozzle device 30 of the simple denitration device 26 will be described with reference to FIG. The urea water nozzle device 30 includes a nozzle main body 52 attached to the exhaust pipe 28, and the tip ejection portion 31 of the nozzle main body 52 passes through the exhaust pipe 28 and is positioned in the exhaust flow path 42. Three tip outlets 54, 56, and 58 are concentrically provided on the tip end surface of the tip jet portion 31. In this embodiment, air from which compressed air is jetted from the inner jet port 54 and the outer jet port 58 is provided. The intermediate jet port 56 located between the inner and outer jet ports 54, 58 functions as a urea water jet port from which urea water is jetted.

上述したように噴出口５４，５６，５８が設けられていること関連して、ノズル本体５２内には、細長い内側スリーブ６０が設けられ、この内側スリーブ６０の先端部に接続部材６２が設けられ、この接続部材６２に内側ノズル６４が取り付けられている。内側スリーブ６０は径方向内側に第１空気流路６６を規定し、内側ノズル６４の先端部（径方向内側の円形状開口）に内側噴出口５４が規定され、第１空気流路６６が内側ノズル６４を通して内側噴出口５４に連通している。   In connection with the provision of the jet ports 54, 56, 58 as described above, an elongated inner sleeve 60 is provided in the nozzle body 52, and a connecting member 62 is provided at the tip of the inner sleeve 60. The inner nozzle 64 is attached to the connecting member 62. The inner sleeve 60 defines a first air flow channel 66 radially inward, an inner jet port 54 is defined at the tip of the inner nozzle 64 (circular opening on the radial inner side), and the first air flow channel 66 is inward. The nozzle 64 communicates with the inner jet port 54.

また、内側スリーブ６０、接続部材６２及び内側ノズル６４の径方向外側には、中間スリーブ６８及び中間ノズル７０が配設されている。中間スリーブ６８は径方向内側の内側スリーブ６０との間に環状の尿素水流路７２を規定し、また中間ノズル７０の先端部（中間ノズル７０と内側ノズル６４との間の環状開口）に中間噴出口５６が規定され、尿素水流路７２が中間ノズル７０の径方向内側を通して中間噴出口５６に連通している。尚、この形態では、中間ノズル７０は接続部材６２の外周面に接するように装着され、この中間ノズル７０の接触部材６２と接する内周面には、周方向に間隔をおいて複数の連通孔７４が設けられ、かかる連通孔７４を通して尿素水流路７２と中間噴出口５６とが連通されている。   In addition, an intermediate sleeve 68 and an intermediate nozzle 70 are disposed on the radially outer side of the inner sleeve 60, the connecting member 62, and the inner nozzle 64. The intermediate sleeve 68 defines an annular urea water flow path 72 between the radially inner sleeve 60 and an intermediate jet at the tip of the intermediate nozzle 70 (annular opening between the intermediate nozzle 70 and the inner nozzle 64). An outlet 56 is defined, and the urea water flow path 72 communicates with the intermediate jet 56 through the radial inner side of the intermediate nozzle 70. In this embodiment, the intermediate nozzle 70 is mounted so as to be in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the connection member 62, and a plurality of communication holes are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the intermediate nozzle 70 in contact with the contact member 62 at intervals in the circumferential direction. 74 is provided, and the urea water flow path 72 and the intermediate jet 56 are communicated with each other through the communication hole 74.

更に、中間スリーブ６８及び中間ノズル７０の径方向外側には、外側スリーブ７６及び外側ノズル７８が配設されている。外側スリーブ７６は径方向内側の中間スリーブ６８との間に環状の第２空気流路８０を規定し、また外側ノズル７８の先端部（外側ノズル７８と中間ノズル７０との間の環状開口）に外側噴出口５８が規定され、第２空気流路８０が外側ノズル７８の径方向内側を通して外側噴出口５８に連通している。尚、この形態では、外側ノズル７８は中間ノズル７０の外周面に接するように装着され、この外側ノズル７８の中間ノズル７０と接する内周面には、周方向に間隔をおいて複数の連通孔８２が設けられ、かかる連通孔８２を通して第２空気流路８０と外側噴出口５８とが連通されている。   Further, an outer sleeve 76 and an outer nozzle 78 are disposed outside the intermediate sleeve 68 and the intermediate nozzle 70 in the radial direction. The outer sleeve 76 defines an annular second air flow path 80 between the radially inner intermediate sleeve 68 and the tip of the outer nozzle 78 (annular opening between the outer nozzle 78 and the intermediate nozzle 70). An outer jet port 58 is defined, and the second air flow path 80 communicates with the outer jet port 58 through the radially inner side of the outer nozzle 78. In this embodiment, the outer nozzle 78 is mounted so as to be in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate nozzle 70, and the inner peripheral surface of the outer nozzle 78 that is in contact with the intermediate nozzle 70 has a plurality of communication holes spaced in the circumferential direction. 82 is provided, and the second air flow path 80 and the outer jet outlet 58 communicate with each other through the communication hole 82.

ノズル本体５２の第１及び第２空気流路６６，８０は、空気送給流路３８を介して空気供給源３４（図１参照）に接続され、その尿素水流路７２は尿素水流路３６を介して尿素水供給源３２（図１参照）に接続されている。   The first and second air flow paths 66 and 80 of the nozzle body 52 are connected to the air supply source 34 (see FIG. 1) via the air supply flow path 38, and the urea water flow path 72 is connected to the urea water flow path 36. Via the urea water supply source 32 (see FIG. 1).

上述した尿素水ノズル装置３０においては、尿素水供給源３２から尿素水送給流路３６を通して送給される尿素水は、ノズル本体５２内の尿素水流路８０及び連通孔７４を通して中間噴出口５６に供給され、この中間噴出口５６から排気流路４０を流れる排気ガスに向けて噴出される。また、空気供給源３４から空気送給流路３８を通して送給される圧縮空気は、ノズル本体５２内の第１空気流路６６を通して内側噴出口５４に供給されるとともに、その第２空気流路８０及び連通孔８２を通して外側噴出口５８に供給され、これら内側及び外側噴出口５４，５８から排気ガスに向けて噴出される。このとき、内側噴出口５４から噴出される圧縮空気の噴出量と外側噴出口５８から噴出される圧縮空気の噴出量がほぼ等しくなるように、第１空気流路６６の一部の流路断面積と第２空気流路８０の一部の流路断面積とが実質上等しくなるように構成するのが好ましい。   In the urea water nozzle device 30 described above, the urea water fed from the urea water supply source 32 through the urea water feeding flow path 36 passes through the urea water flow path 80 and the communication hole 74 in the nozzle main body 52 and the intermediate jet 56. And is ejected from the intermediate jet 56 toward the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage 40. Further, the compressed air supplied from the air supply source 34 through the air supply passage 38 is supplied to the inner jet outlet 54 through the first air passage 66 in the nozzle body 52 and the second air passage. 80 and the communication hole 82 are supplied to the outer jet outlet 58 and jetted from the inner and outer jet outlets 54 and 58 toward the exhaust gas. At this time, a part of the first air passage 66 is disconnected so that the amount of compressed air ejected from the inner outlet 54 and the amount of compressed air ejected from the outer outlet 58 become substantially equal. It is preferable that the area and the partial cross-sectional area of the second air flow path 80 are substantially equal.

このように尿素水及び圧縮空気が噴出するので、中間噴出口５６から噴出する尿素水に、内側噴出口５４から噴出する圧縮空気が径方向内側から、また外側噴出口５８から噴出する圧縮空気が径方向外側から外側から作用するので、噴出する尿素水に対する圧縮空気による霧化が効果的に行われ、これによって尿素水の気化が促進される。そして、気化した尿素水を含む排気ガスが矢印４２で示す方向にＮＯｘ触媒３２に流れ、ＮＯｘ触媒３２にて上述したように処理される。   Since urea water and compressed air are ejected in this way, compressed air ejected from the inner jet port 54 from the inner radial port 54 and compressed air ejected from the outer jet port 58 are injected into the urea water jetted from the intermediate jet port 56. Since it acts from the outer side in the radial direction, the atomization of the jetted urea water by the compressed air is effectively performed, thereby promoting the vaporization of the urea water. Then, the exhaust gas containing the vaporized urea water flows to the NOx catalyst 32 in the direction indicated by the arrow 42 and is processed in the NOx catalyst 32 as described above.

上述した実施形態では、尿素水及び圧縮空気を噴出する噴出口５４，５６，５８を径方向に同心状に３重に設けているが、これに限定されず、これら噴出口を径方向に同心状に４重以上設けるようにしてよく、この場合、圧縮空気によって尿素水の霧化、気化を促進するために、尿素水を噴出する尿素水用噴出口と空気（圧縮空気）を噴出する空気用噴出口とを径方向に交互に配設することが重要である。   In the embodiment described above, the outlets 54, 56, and 58 for jetting urea water and compressed air are provided in a concentric triple manner in the radial direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and these outlets are concentric in the radial direction. In this case, in order to promote atomization and vaporization of urea water by compressed air, a urea water jet port for jetting urea water and air for jetting air (compressed air) It is important to arrange the jet nozzles alternately in the radial direction.

また、上述した実施形態では、空気送給路３８を通して送給される圧縮空気を第１及び第２空気流路６６，８０に分配して内側及び外側噴出口５４，５８に供給しているが、このような構成に代えて、空気供給源３４からの圧縮空気を第１空気送給流路を介してノズル本体５２の第１空気流路６６に送給するとともに、第１空気送給流路と別個の第２空気送給流路を介してノズル本体５２の第２空気流路８０に送給するようにしてもよい。   In the above-described embodiment, the compressed air supplied through the air supply path 38 is distributed to the first and second air flow paths 66 and 80 and supplied to the inner and outer jet outlets 54 and 58. Instead of such a configuration, the compressed air from the air supply source 34 is supplied to the first air flow channel 66 of the nozzle body 52 via the first air supply flow channel, and the first air supply flow You may make it supply to the 2nd air flow path 80 of the nozzle main body 52 via the 2nd air supply flow path separate from a path | route.

本発明に従う尿素水ノズル装置の効果を確認するために、次の通りの評価実験を行った。実施例１として図２に示す形態の尿素水ノズル装置を用い、この尿素水ノズル装置を５００ｋＷクラスのコージェネレーションシステムに採用されたガスエンジンの排気管に取り付け、その取付位置を排気管内のＮＯｘ触媒の配設部位の上流側３．０ｍとし、このように取り付けた尿素水ノズル装置からガスエンジンの排気ガスに向けて尿素水を噴霧した。第１空気流路の流路断面積と第２空気流路の流路断面積とが実質上等しくなるように設定し（内側スリーブ及び外側スリーブの内径を設定する）、内側及び外側噴出口から圧縮空気を噴出させ、また中間噴出口から尿素水を噴出させた。ガスエンジンの排気管は直径４００ｍｍで、ガスエンジンからの排気ガスの流量は３５００ｍ３／ｈで、この排気ガスの温度が５００℃で、この排気ガス中に含まれたＮＯｘの濃度は３００ｐｐｍであった。 In order to confirm the effect of the urea water nozzle device according to the present invention, the following evaluation experiment was performed. As the first embodiment, the urea water nozzle device of the form shown in FIG. 2 is used, and this urea water nozzle device is attached to the exhaust pipe of a gas engine adopted in a 500 kW class cogeneration system, and the attachment position is the NOx catalyst in the exhaust pipe The urea water was sprayed toward the exhaust gas of the gas engine from the urea water nozzle device attached in this way to 3.0 m upstream of the arrangement site. The flow passage cross-sectional area of the first air flow passage and the flow passage cross-sectional area of the second air flow passage are set to be substantially equal (the inner diameters of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are set), and from the inner and outer jet outlets Compressed air was ejected, and urea water was ejected from the intermediate outlet. The exhaust pipe of the gas engine has a diameter of 400 mm, the flow rate of exhaust gas from the gas engine is 3500 m 3 / h, the temperature of this exhaust gas is 500 ° C., and the concentration of NOx contained in this exhaust gas is 300 ppm. It was.

評価実験においては、尿素水ノズル装置の中間噴出口から５０ｃｃ／ｍｉｎの割合で尿素水を噴出させ、その内側及び外側噴出口から５気圧の圧縮空気を噴出させて、尿素水を霧化させ、このような運転状態における液滴の有無及びＮＯｘ触媒通過後の排気ガス中のＮＯｘ濃度を計測した。尚、液滴については、排気管中にレーザーシートを照射して行った。   In the evaluation experiment, urea water is jetted from the intermediate jet port of the urea water nozzle device at a rate of 50 cc / min, compressed air of 5 atm is jetted from the inner and outer jet ports, and the urea water is atomized, The presence or absence of droplets in such an operating state and the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas after passing through the NOx catalyst were measured. In addition, about the droplet, it irradiated by irradiating the laser sheet in the exhaust pipe.

比較例として、実施例１の尿素水ノズル装置に代えて、図３に示す従来の尿素水ノズル装置を用い、この尿素水ノズル装置を実施例１と同様のコージェネレーションシステムのガスエンジンの排気管に取り付け、実施例１と同様の条件でガスエンジンを運転し、実施例１と同様の条件で尿素水ノズル装置の内側噴出口から尿素水を噴出させ、その外側噴出口から圧縮空気を噴出させ、このような運転状態における液的の有無及びＮＯｘ触媒通過後の排ガス中のＮｏｘ濃度を測定した。   As a comparative example, the conventional urea water nozzle device shown in FIG. 3 is used instead of the urea water nozzle device of the first embodiment, and this urea water nozzle device is used as an exhaust pipe of a gas engine of a cogeneration system similar to that of the first embodiment. The gas engine is operated under the same conditions as in the first embodiment, urea water is jetted from the inner jet port of the urea water nozzle device under the same conditions as in the first embodiment, and compressed air is jetted from the outer jet port. The presence or absence of liquid in such an operating state and the concentration of Nox in the exhaust gas after passing through the NOx catalyst were measured.

実施例１及び比較例の評価実験の結果は表１に示す通りであった。表１に示す通り、比較例では尿素水ノズル装置の先端噴出部から１５０ｍｍ下流まで液滴による散乱光が観察されたが、実施例１では、尿素水ノズル装置の先端噴出部から１００ｍｍ下流までしか液滴による散乱光が観察されず、実施例１の方が噴出した尿素水の霧化が促進され、気化に要する時間が短縮されることが確認できた。また、比較例においては、ＮＯｘ触媒通過後の排気ガス中のＮＯｘ濃度が１５０ｐｐｍであったのに対し、実施例１においては、Ｎｏｘ触媒通過後の排気ガス中のＮＯｘ濃度が１２０ｐｐｍであった。この結果から、排気ガス中に添加する尿素水の気化を促進することによって、気化された尿素水と排気ガスとの混合も促進され、ＮＯｘ触媒中での脱硝能力が向上することも確認できた。   The results of the evaluation experiment of Example 1 and the comparative example are as shown in Table 1. As shown in Table 1, in the comparative example, scattered light due to droplets was observed 150 mm downstream from the tip ejection portion of the urea water nozzle device, but in Example 1, only from the tip ejection portion of the urea water nozzle device to 100 mm downstream. Scattered light from the droplets was not observed, and it was confirmed that the atomization of urea water ejected from Example 1 was promoted and the time required for vaporization was shortened. In the comparative example, the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas after passing through the NOx catalyst was 150 ppm, whereas in Example 1, the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas after passing through the Nox catalyst was 120 ppm. From this result, it was confirmed that by promoting the vaporization of urea water added to the exhaust gas, mixing of the vaporized urea water and the exhaust gas was also promoted, and the denitration ability in the NOx catalyst was improved. .

Figure 2007040118
実施例２として、実施例１と同様の形態の尿素水ノズル装置を用い、この尿素水ノズル装置を５００ｋＷクラスのコージェネレーションシステムに採用されたガスエンジンの排気管に取り付け、その取付位置を変化させながら排気ガス中のＮＯｘ濃度が１５０ｐｐｍとなるときのその取付位置を計測した。この実施例２においても、実施例１と同様の条件でガスエンジンを運転し、実施例１と同様の条件で尿素水ノズル装置の中間噴出口から尿素水を噴出させ、その外側及び内側噴出口から圧縮空気を噴出させ、このような運転状態において従来の尿素水ノズル装置を用いたときのＮＯｘ濃度（１５０ｐｐｍ）と等しい値となる取付位置を計測した。
Figure 2007040118
 As Example 2, a urea water nozzle device having the same form as in Example 1 was used, and this urea water nozzle device was attached to an exhaust pipe of a gas engine employed in a 500 kW class cogeneration system, and the attachment position was changed. However, the attachment position when the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas was 150 ppm was measured. Also in the second embodiment, the gas engine is operated under the same conditions as in the first embodiment, and urea water is jetted from the intermediate jet nozzle of the urea water nozzle device under the same conditions as in the first embodiment. Compressed air was ejected from the nozzle, and the mounting position at which the NOx concentration (150 ppm) when using the conventional urea water nozzle device in such an operating state was measured was measured.

この実施例２の測定結果は、表１に示すように、ＮＯｘ触媒の配設部位の上流側１．５ｍの位置であった。このことから、排ガス中のＮＯｘ濃度が３００ｐｐｍである条件においては、その濃度が１５０ｐｐｍまで脱硝できる直線状配管の長さは１．５ｍまで短縮できることが判明した。   As shown in Table 1, the measurement result of Example 2 was a position 1.5 m upstream of the site where the NOx catalyst was disposed. From this, it was found that the length of the straight pipe capable of denitrating to a concentration of 150 ppm can be reduced to 1.5 m under the condition where the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas is 300 ppm.

本発明に従う一実施形態の尿素水ノズル装置を装備したエンジンの排気系を簡略的に示す図。The figure which shows simply the exhaust system of the engine equipped with the urea water nozzle apparatus of one Embodiment according to this invention. 図１の尿素水ノズル装置の一部を示す部分断面図。The fragmentary sectional view which shows a part of urea water nozzle apparatus of FIG. 従来の尿素水ノズル装置の一部を示す部分断面図。The fragmentary sectional view which shows a part of conventional urea water nozzle apparatus.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

２２ エンジン
２４ 排気系
２６ 簡易脱硝装置
２８ 排気管
３０ 尿素水ノズル装置
３１ 先端噴出部
３２ ＮＯｘ触媒
５２ ノズル本体
５４，５８ 空気用噴出口（内側噴出口、外側噴出口）
５６ 尿素水用噴出口（中間噴出口） DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 22 Engine 24 Exhaust system 26 Simple denitration apparatus 28 Exhaust pipe 30 Urea water nozzle apparatus 31 Tip ejection part 32 NOx catalyst 52 Nozzle main body 54, 58 Air outlet (inner outlet, outer outlet)
56 Urea water outlet (intermediate outlet)

Claims (3)

エンジンの排気ガス中に尿素水を噴出する尿素水ノズル装置であって、排気ガスが流れる排気管に取り付けられるノズル本体を備え、前記ノズル本体の先端噴出部は前記排気管内に突出し、前記先端噴出部には少なくとも３重の噴出口が同心状に設けられ、前記噴出口は空気を噴出する空気用噴出口と尿素水を噴出する尿素水用噴出口とが交互に配設されていることを特徴とする尿素水ノズル装置。   A urea water nozzle device for injecting urea water into the exhaust gas of an engine, comprising a nozzle body attached to an exhaust pipe through which the exhaust gas flows, wherein a tip ejection portion of the nozzle body projects into the exhaust pipe, and the tip ejection The unit is provided with at least three concentric outlets concentrically, and the outlets are alternately provided with air outlets for ejecting air and urea water outlets for ejecting urea water. A urea water nozzle device. 前記ノズル本体の先端噴出部には３重の噴出口が同心状に設けられ、前記空気用噴出口は径方向内側及び外側に配設され、前記尿素水用噴出口は内側空気用噴出口と外側空気用噴出口との間に配設されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の尿素水ノズル装置。   A triple jet outlet is provided concentrically at the tip jet section of the nozzle body, the air jet outlet is disposed radially inward and outward, and the urea water jet is connected to the inner air jet. The urea water nozzle device according to claim 1, wherein the urea water nozzle device is disposed between the outer air jet port. 前記ノズル本体の前記内側空気用噴出口に空気を送給するための第１空気流路の流路断面積と前記外側空気用噴出口に空気を送給するための第２空気流路の流路断面積は実質上等しく、空気供給源から供給される空気は、前記第１及び第２空気流路を通して前記内側及び外側空気用噴出口に実質上均等に配分して送給されることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の尿素水ノズル装置。   Flow path cross-sectional area of the first air flow path for supplying air to the inner air outlet of the nozzle body and flow of the second air flow path for supplying air to the outer air outlet Road cross-sectional areas are substantially equal, and the air supplied from the air supply source is fed through the first and second air flow paths to the inner and outer air jets substantially evenly distributed. The urea water nozzle device according to claim 2, wherein
JP2005222679A 2005-08-01 2005-08-01 Aqueous urea nozzle device Pending JP2007040118A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009050948A1 (en) * 2007-10-19 2009-04-23 Bosch Corporation Controller of reducing agent supply unit and method of controlling the same
CN101518766A (en) * 2008-10-16 2009-09-02 阿尔博耐尔有限公司 Dual-medium nozzle
JP2011513645A (en) * 2008-03-12 2011-04-28 アルボネアー ゲーエムベーハー Metering system for injecting urea solution into the exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine
CN102297005A (en) * 2011-09-13 2011-12-28 浙江邦得利汽车环保技术有限公司 Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) urea jet device of diesel engine
CN103726911A (en) * 2012-10-11 2014-04-16 曼柴油机和涡轮机欧洲股份公司 Device for injecting a liquid into an exhaust gas flow and exhaust gas aftertreatment system
CN104912632A (en) * 2015-05-08 2015-09-16 北京大学包头创新研究院 Diesel engine selective catalytic reduction system nozzle

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009050948A1 (en) * 2007-10-19 2009-04-23 Bosch Corporation Controller of reducing agent supply unit and method of controlling the same
JP2009097479A (en) * 2007-10-19 2009-05-07 Bosch Corp Device and method for controlling reducing agent supplying device
JP2011513645A (en) * 2008-03-12 2011-04-28 アルボネアー ゲーエムベーハー Metering system for injecting urea solution into the exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine
JP2013151943A (en) * 2008-03-12 2013-08-08 Albonair Gmbh Method for injecting urea solution into exhaust gas flow of internal combustion engine
JP2015200321A (en) * 2008-03-12 2015-11-12 アルボネアー ゲーエムベーハー Distribution system for pouring urea solution into exhaust gas flow of internal combustion engine
CN101518766A (en) * 2008-10-16 2009-09-02 阿尔博耐尔有限公司 Dual-medium nozzle
CN102297005A (en) * 2011-09-13 2011-12-28 浙江邦得利汽车环保技术有限公司 Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) urea jet device of diesel engine
CN103726911A (en) * 2012-10-11 2014-04-16 曼柴油机和涡轮机欧洲股份公司 Device for injecting a liquid into an exhaust gas flow and exhaust gas aftertreatment system
CN104912632A (en) * 2015-05-08 2015-09-16 北京大学包头创新研究院 Diesel engine selective catalytic reduction system nozzle

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