JP2007039833A - Method for producing modified polyester fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a modified polyester fiber of which the surface is modified, and which has excellent characteristics such as easy dyeability, easy cuttability and properties of easily reducing the weight by an alkali. <P>SOLUTION: The method for producing the modified polyester fiber comprises imparting a low-molecular weight compound obtained by adding ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide to an alkyl group and having a specific structural formula to a polyester fiber. Preferably, the treating agent contains a functional agent having ≤2,500 molecular weight, and the functional agent is an organic fluorine compound. Especially, the treating agent is preferably imparted to an undrawn polyester fiber, and the resultant fiber is drawn in the method. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a modified polyester fiber, and more particularly to a method for producing a modified polyester fiber excellent in dyeability and cutability.

  Polyester fibers are widely used for clothing and industrial materials by utilizing excellent mechanical properties, dimensional stability, chemical inertness, and the like. On the other hand, however, there is a problem that the dyeability and the like are inferior compared with synthetic fibers such as nylon and acrylic fibers. So far, many surface modification methods have been studied for this problem. As these surface modification methods, (1) a method for modifying the surface by changing the polymer itself (for example, a method for generating a hydrophilic group on the surface of the polyester fiber by copolymerization or conjugation with a water-soluble polymer) ( 2) A method of surface modification by energy irradiation (for example, a method of irradiating plasma, radiation, ultraviolet rays, etc. to cause a physical or chemical reaction on the polyester fiber surface to generate a hydrophilic group) (3) Surface by chemical treatment Modification method (a method in which a carrier or an organic solvent is applied to the surface of a polyester fiber, and the fiber surface is modified by swelling) (4) A method in which the surface is modified with a polymer. In addition, there is a method of imparting functionality such as antistatic or water absorption by a combination of various functional agents and chemical treatment or a combination of various functional agents and chemical treatment.

However, all the conventional methods have problems in terms of safety, cost, and performance as described below.
(1) The surface modification method using the polymer itself requires the production of polymers and yarns according to function, and there is a problem that the production cost increases, and the method is limited to limited functions.
(2) In the surface modification method by energy irradiation (for example, Patent Document 1), not only the equipment cost at the time of mass production increases, but also it is difficult to uniformly irradiate and it is difficult to obtain a stable quality.
(3) For surface modification by chemical treatment, the method using an aromatic compound having a carrier ability (for example, Patent Document 2) has a problem in off-flavor and scourability, and a method using an organic solvent (for example, a patent) In the literature 3), there is a problem that part of the fiber surface is dissolved and the single yarn is easily stuck.
(4) In the method of modifying the surface with a high molecular weight polymer (for example, Patent Document 4), the processing agent is merely attached to the relatively surface of the fiber, and the processing agent falls off during washing, dry cleaning, etc. There was a limit to durability. On the other hand, in the method of forming a high molecular weight resin film by applying a polymerizable processing agent to the fiber surface, the texture change of the fiber is large, and further, due to physical wear due to the cloth (fir) effect such as washing, The resin film was easily peeled off and its durability was limited.

JP-A-7-54266 JP-A-9-111654 JP-A 63-196713 Japanese Patent Publication No.49-17616

  The present invention has been made in the background of the above-described conventional technology, and the purpose of the modified polyester fiber is excellent in properties such as easy dyeing, easy cutability, and easy alkali weight loss in which the surface of the polyester fiber is modified. It is to provide a manufacturing method.

The method for producing a modified polyester of the present invention is characterized in that a treatment agent containing a compound represented by the general formula (1) is applied to a polyester fiber.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the treating agent contains a functional agent having a molecular weight of 2500 or less, or the functional agent is an organic fluorine compound. In particular, a method of applying a treatment agent to unstretched polyester fibers and then stretching is preferable.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the manufacturing method of the modified polyester fiber excellent in characteristics, such as the easy dyeing, easy cut property, and easy alkali weight loss property, is provided by modifying the surface of the polyester fiber.

  The polyester fiber used in the present invention mainly includes fibers obtained by melt-spinning a polyester component having a fiber forming ability with an aromatic dicarboxylic acid as a main acid component and an alkylene glycol or cyclohexanedimethanol as a main diol component. To do. Examples of the polyester component used as the fiber include polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polytetramethylene terephthalate, polycyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate, polyethylene-2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate, and the like. Among them, polyethylene terephthalate is preferable. Is particularly preferred. These polyesters may be copolymerized with a small amount of the third component (usually 20 mol% or less based on the terephthalic acid component), or may be a mixture of these various polyesters.

  The intrinsic viscosity IV (measured using an o-chlorophenol solution at 35 ° C.) of the polyester is suitably in the range of 0.50 to 0.70 when used in a normal textile application, and is particularly preferably 0.00. A range of 55 to 0.65 is preferred. Further, these polyesters may contain a matting agent, a heat stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, an antistatic agent, a terminal terminator, a fluorescent whitening agent, and the like as necessary.

  The manufacturing method of this invention makes it essential to provide the processing agent containing the compound shown by following General formula (1) to a polyester fiber. This compound can be obtained by a conventionally known method. For example, propylene oxide and / or ethylene oxide is added and polymerized to an alcohol having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and after purification, the compound is terminated with an alkyl chloride having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. It can be obtained by blocking and purifying. At this time, it is essential that the number of propylene oxide added is less than half of ethylene oxide in the compound molecule. Thus, by increasing the composition ratio of ethylene oxide, the affinity with the polyester fiber can be further increased. Further, by adding propylene oxide, heat resistance can be improved and heater contamination can be reduced. At this time, propylene oxide and ethylene oxide may be added randomly, but it is preferable that the compound contains a portion in which three or more ethylene oxides are continuous.

  Particularly preferred compounds used in the present invention include those obtained by addition polymerization of 3 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide as alkylene oxide using an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and an alkyl chloride having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The surface can be further modified. The molecular weight is preferably 2500 or less, and more preferably 100 to 1000.

  Here, when the number of moles of alkylene oxide added is 2 mol or less, the boiling point and flash point are low, so that problems such as fire, explosion and working environment are likely to occur as in the case of conventional organic solvent compounds, which is not preferable. On the other hand, in the case of a compound having a large molecular weight of 21 mol or more, the modification of the polyester fiber surface becomes insufficient, such being undesirable. Further, those using alcohols or alkyl chlorides having 9 or more carbon atoms for both terminal alkyl groups cannot be used as the treating agent of the present invention because the affinity with polyester is lowered and it is difficult to modify the fiber surface.

  As a more specific compound, for example, an alkylene oxide adduct of a monovalent alcohol is preferable. Here, the monohydric alcohol is preferably methanol, ethanol, butanol, pentanol, hexanol, or the like.

  In the manufacturing method of this invention, it is essential to provide the processing agent containing such a compound. The treatment agent may be applied to the fiber alone or may be further mixed with the spinning oil agent. However, when it is applied alone, the spinning oil agent is applied after being applied as an aqueous solution or an aqueous emulsion. Is preferred. The spinning oil used here is not particularly limited, and is composed of known components (lubricants, antistatic agents, emulsifiers, etc.) conventionally used for imparting sizing properties, smoothness, antistatic properties and the like. An oil agent may be used. That is, as the lubricant, for example, mineral oil, ester, polyether, silicon and the like are used, and as the antistatic agent, for example, anionic surfactants such as carboxylate, sulfate, sulfonate, and phosphate ester salts. And cationic surfactants of primary to tertiary amine salts and quaternary ammonium salts, amino acid type, betaine type amphoteric surfactants, etc., and as emulsifiers, for example, polyethylene glycol type, polyhydric alcohol type A surfactant or the like is used. Furthermore, if necessary, an antioxidant, a wetting improver, and a yellowing inhibitor may be used in combination. The amount of the spinning oil applied may be an amount that can satisfy the yarn forming property and the post-processability, and is usually applied to the yarn in an amount of about 0.3 to 1.0% by weight in terms of the pure oil content. In addition, when mixing and using a processing agent and a spinning oil agent, about 5 to 80 weight% is suitable for the ratio of a processing agent.

  The amount of the treatment agent attached to the polyester fiber is 0.05 to 2.0% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 1.0% by weight, as an active ingredient of the compound with respect to the polyester fiber. If it is less than this range, the effect of swelling the polyester tends to be insufficient, and the degree of modification of the fiber surface decreases. On the other hand, when the above range is exceeded, the subsequent spinning stability tends to decrease, fluffing tends to occur or the yarn tends to break, and the properties of the resulting fiber tend to be insufficient.

  The step of applying the treatment agent to the polyester fiber is preferably before spinning and stretching the polyester component. The effect of the compound of the present invention can be exhibited more effectively by applying a treatment agent to unstretched polyester fiber and then stretching.

  When the treatment agent is applied to the polyester undrawn yarn in this way, there is no particular limitation as long as it is after the spinning undrawn yarn is solidified, and it is usually applied at a time before the take-up roller. As a preferable means for applying, a means for applying the treatment agent in an aqueous or straight manner via a measuring oiling nozzle or an oiling roller can be used. The effect of modifying the polyester fiber by the treatment agent increases as the spinning speed decreases, and also changes with the lapse of time after the treatment agent is applied. Therefore, spinning and direct drawing (direct stretching) with no aging of the original yarn are performed. The method is preferred. The spinning speed is preferably 500 to 2000 m / min in the case of direct stretching. In the case of separate stretching in which the undrawn yarn is wound once and then drawn (particularly when the spinning speed is less than 2000 m / min), in order to prevent the undrawn yarn from changing too much over time, 2 It is desirable to stretch within a day.

  The reason why the surface of the polyester fiber is modified by applying the treatment agent to the polyester fiber to improve easy dyeability, easy cutability, or easy alkali weight loss has been clarified at present. However, it is estimated as follows. That is, the treatment agent applied to the fiber has a very high affinity with the polyester, resulting in a decrease in the orientation of the amorphous part of the fiber and an increase in molecular weight disturbance, resulting in an increase in the number of portions where the molecular chain aggregation state is sparse. , The fiber surface becomes soft, the cutability is improved, and when dyeing, the amount of disperse dye adsorbed, the adsorption speed increases and becomes easy dyeable, and when the amount of alkali is reduced, alkali permeability increases Therefore, it is estimated that the weight loss rate becomes faster.

  In the manufacturing method of this invention, it is preferable that a functional agent is further included in a processing agent. Higher functionality can be imparted by using a treatment agent and various functional agents in combination. By simultaneously using the treating agent and the functional agent, the functional agent penetrates into the polyester skin layer, so that durability of various functions can be improved. As the functional agent, in general, those having functions such as antistatic, water absorption, antifouling, moisture absorption, water repellency, oil repellency, anti pill, flame proofing, flame retardant, antimelting, antibacterial, and deodorizing are used. It is preferable that it is a compound which has this. As functional agents for antistatic, water absorption, antifouling, moisture absorption, hydrophilicity, polyethylene glycol, block copolymer with polyethylene terephthalate, polyoxyethylene glycol diacrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol ester of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid N-methylol acrylic acid amide and the like are exemplified. Functional agents for imparting water repellency and oil repellency include aluminum soap, acetoacetic acid butyl ester / butyl titanate complex compound, stearic acid chromic chloride, stearoyl methylamido methylene pyridium salt, and polyacrylic acid alkyl fluoride Examples thereof include organic fluorine compounds such as esters, silicon compounds such as methylhydrogenene and polysiloxane. Examples of functional agents for imparting flame resistance and flame retardancy include phosphorus-containing compounds, halogen compounds, thiourea formalin reactants, and the like. Examples of such compounds include trisdibromopropyl phosphate, tetrakishydroxymethylphosphonium coloride. Etc. Examples of functional agents for imparting antibacterial and deodorizing properties include quaternary ammonium compounds, organic mercury compounds, phenols and their chlorinated compounds, metal salts of organic acids such as naphthenic acid, etc. Specific examples of such compounds As N-fluorodichloromethylthiophthalimide, N-dimethyl-N′-phenyl-N ′-(phlorodichloromethylthio) sulfamide, 2- (4-thiazoyl) benzimidazole, 2-chloro-2- (2,4- Examples thereof include dichlorophenoxy) phenol and chlorhexidine.

  The molecular weight of the compound having a functional group used as a functional agent is desirably 2500 or less. Furthermore, it is preferable that it is 50-2000. When the molecular weight is larger than this, exhaustion into the fiber tends to be reduced, and the function-imparting effect is small. The adhesion amount of these functional agents to the fibers is preferably 0.01 to 15% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight. When the adhesion amount is small, the function-imparting effect may be low depending on the compound, and the washing durability tends to be inferior. On the other hand, as the amount of the functional agent attached to the surface increases, the texture change tends to increase.

  By such a production method of the present invention, a modified polyester fiber excellent in properties such as easy dyeing, easy cutability, and easy alkali weight loss can be obtained, and further modified by a low molecular weight compound having a high affinity with polyester. Therefore, its durability is very high, and a textile product using this fiber can retain its function for a long time even by washing, dry cleaning, and the like.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples. In addition, each evaluation in an Example is as follows.
(Dyeing test)
A circular knitted fabric with a width of 10 cm is knitted with a gauge 28G, washed at 40 ° C. in a monogen bath with a concentration of 18 g / liter, sufficiently washed with water, dried at 80 ° C. for 1 hour, and then dyed under the following dyeing conditions. did.
Dyeing solution Dye: Eastman Polyester Blue GLS (4% owf)
PH adjuster: Acetic acid (0.02wt%)
Dispersing leveling agent: Meisei Chemical's Disper VG (0.05wt%)
Bath ratio: 1: 100
First, the dyed fabric is immersed in the above dye bath at a temperature of 70 ° C., heated to 100 ° C. over 20 minutes, and then dyed at 100 ° C. or lower for 90 minutes. Next, after washing at 40 ° C. in a monogen bath having a concentration of 18 g / liter, it was sufficiently washed with water and dried.
The evaluation of the degree of dyeing was graded from light dye 0 grade to deep dye 15 grade, and graded by visual inspection.

(Alkaline weight loss rate)
The circular knitting was scoured and dried in the same manner as in the dyeing test, and then the alkali weight was reduced under the following conditions.
Alkaline weight loss bath Alkaline concentration: caustic soda 3.5wt%
Bath ratio: 1: 100
The circular knitting is put in a bath, heated up to a temperature of 100 ° C., treated at 100 ° C. for 60 minutes, washed with running water for 60 minutes, then dried in a hot air dryer at 80 ° C. for 1 hour, and then the weight of the knitted fabric is set. The weight loss rate was determined by measurement.

(Easy cut)
Using the device shown in FIG. 1, a load of 0.3 g / d is applied to one of the yarns, and then a microtome wing (manufactured by NIPPONN MICROTOME LABORATORY) is dropped at a right angle to the center of the yarn to return the cut surface of the yarn. The state of was observed with a microscope and evaluated in three stages. The microtome blade is replaced every time.
○: Almost no return is accepted △: Some return is accepted ×: Many are returned

(Water and oil repellency)
The circular knitting was scoured and dried in the same manner as in the dyeing test, and the water repellency and oil repellency were evaluated by the following methods.
Water repellency: If a drop of the reagent shown in Table 1 on the circular knitting, for example, a water repellent grade 4 reagent is dropped, and the water drop disappears after 3 minutes, the same applies to the water repellent grade 3 reagent below the first grade. The evaluation is performed, and the evaluation is made until the water drops disappear and the grade is determined not to disappear. On the other hand, if water drops do not disappear with the water repellent grade 4 reagent, the test is repeated until the water drops disappear with the first grade water repellent grade 5 reagent.

  Oil repellency: according to AATCC 118-1972. One drop of the reagent shown in Table 2 is dropped on the above circular knitting, and the determination is made based on the penetration state after 3 minutes.

[Examples 1 to 3, Comparative Examples 1 to 4]
Polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.64 was melted and discharged into a filament of 36 filaments. After solidifying the yarn, a 10% by weight aqueous solution containing the treatment agent alone or a combination of the treatment agent and the functional agent shown in Table 3 through a first-stage measuring oiling nozzle is 1% by weight based on the yarn weight. After the application, 10% by weight of the spinning oil emulsion shown in Table 4 was applied to the pure weight with respect to the yarn weight through a second measuring oiling nozzle, and then the surface speed was 3500 m / min. The film was taken up through a roller and subsequently drawn 1.5 times between the take-up roller and the drawing roller to obtain a drawn yarn of 83 dtex / 36 filament. The drawn yarn was used as it was or in a tubular knitting, and various properties were evaluated. The results are also shown in Table 3. Moreover, although washing and dry cleaning were performed, the durability of the examples was excellent.

Schematic of the evaluation method of easy-cut property.

Explanation of symbols

1 Fiber 2 Weight 3 Fixed end 4 Cutting part

Claims (4)

The manufacturing method of the modified polyester fiber characterized by providing the processing agent containing the compound shown by General formula (1) to a polyester fiber.

  The method for producing a modified polyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein the treatment agent contains a functional agent having a molecular weight of 2500 or less.   The method for producing a modified polyester fiber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the functional agent is an organic fluorine compound.   The method for producing a modified polyester fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a treatment agent is applied to the unstretched polyester fiber and then stretched.

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