JP2007024819A - Method and device for measuring taper angle of dog tooth - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and device for measuring a taper angle of a dog tooth capable of reducing the measuring man-hour and increasing the measuring accuracy. <P>SOLUTION: The total alignment of one tooth surface 3 of the dog tooth 2 of a dog gear is replaced with the total alignment of a helical gear and is measured by a tooth form measuring machine used for measuring a tooth form of the helical gear. Therefore, artificial error can be eliminated by measuring the taper angle of the dog tooth 2 of the dog gear using the tooth form measuring machine, positioning accuracy of the dog tooth 2, repeating accuracy of positioning, and total alignment measuring accuracy are higher than those of a conventional measuring machine, and the measuring accuracy of the taper angle increases. Arrangement and measurement are not required every dog tooth to be measured, and the man-hour for the measurement can be significantly reduced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for measuring a taper angle of a dog tooth formed on a dog gear and a measuring apparatus therefor.

  For example, in the dog gear 1 (see FIG. 2) incorporated in a transmission or the like, the taper angle θ (see FIG. 3) of the dog tooth 2 is measured and guaranteed by a shape measuring machine. In such a shape measuring machine, as shown in FIG. 8, the dog gear 1 is held by the work holding jig 4, and the dog tooth 2 to be measured is aligned with the shape measuring machine. The Next, in this state, as shown in FIG. 9, when the probe 5 of the shape measuring machine is automatically moved along one tooth surface 3 of the dog tooth 2 to be measured, the dog tooth The profile of one tooth surface 3 of 2 is enlarged and drawn on the recording paper. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, based on the profile P of the tooth surface 3 drawn on the recording paper, the taper angle θ of one tooth surface 3 of the dog tooth 2 determines the drafter 13 (drawing board). Derived. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the probe 5 is inverted with respect to the center line C of the dog tooth 2 to be measured, and in this state, the probe 5 becomes the dog to be measured. By automatically moving along the other tooth surface 3 of the tooth 2, the profile P of the other tooth surface 3 of the dog tooth 2 is enlarged and drawn on the recording paper. Based on the profile P of the tooth surface 3 drawn on the recording paper, the taper angle θ of the other tooth surface 3 of the dog tooth 2 is derived using the drafter 13.

  However, in the above-described conventional method for measuring the taper angle of the dog tooth 2, the positioning of the dog tooth 2 to be measured is performed depending on the operator's sense, so the reproducibility of the positioning is low, The repeatability of measurement results is low. In addition, since the operation of reading the taper angle θ of the dog tooth 2 using the drafter 13 based on the profile P of the tooth surface 3 of the dog tooth 2 drawn on the recording paper is also a manual operation, the reliability of the measurement result There is a problem. Furthermore, it takes a great deal of time and labor to align the dog teeth 2 to be measured, and two setup operations are required to measure the taper angle .theta. Will increase. Further, when the dog gear 1 is heavy (for example, there is a dog gear 1 of several tens of kilograms), to the operator when the dog gear 1 is set horizontally on the workpiece holding jig 4. Further, there is a risk of dropping the dog gear 1 by sliding the hand.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a first object is to provide a method for measuring the taper angle of a dog tooth in which the measurement man-hour is reduced and the measurement accuracy is increased.
A second object is to provide a dog tooth taper angle measuring machine capable of improving measurement accuracy and working efficiency.

  In order to achieve the first object, the dog tooth taper angle measuring method according to claim 1 of the present invention is such that the dog tooth selected by rotating the dog gear around the axis is positioned at a specified position. And a measuring step in which the displacement of the measuring element is measured while the measuring element is moved along the tooth trace by bringing the measuring element into contact with one tooth surface of the dog tooth positioned at the designated position. And a calculation step in which tooth trace data is calculated based on the measurement result of the measurement step, and the taper angle of the dog tooth is calculated based on the tooth trace data. Features.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the method for measuring a dog tooth taper angle according to the first aspect, the calculating step includes a twist angle at which a torsion angle error for the gear specifications of the dog gear is calculated based on the tooth trace data. An error calculation step, and an angle error calculation step in which an error in the taper angle of the dog tooth with respect to the gear specifications of the dog gear is calculated based on the torsion angle error calculated in the torsion angle error calculation step. It is characterized by that.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the method of measuring the dog tooth taper angle according to the second aspect, in the calculating step, the tooth trace data of the dog gear is replaced with the tooth trace data of the helical gear. In the torsion angle error calculating step, the torsion angle error of the dog gear is calculated by replacing the torsion angle error of the helical gear, and in the angle error calculating step, the error of the dog tooth taper angle is determined to be the helical gear. It is calculated by substituting for an error of torsion angle.

  In order to achieve the first object, the dog tooth taper angle measuring method according to claim 4 of the present invention is such that the tooth trace of one tooth surface of the dog gear is a helical gear tooth. It is replaced with a muscle, measured by a tooth profile measuring machine, and the taper angle of the dog tooth is calculated based on the measurement result of the tooth profile measuring machine.

  In order to achieve the second object, the invention according to claim 5 of the present invention is a taper angle measuring machine used in the dog tooth taper angle measuring method according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A dog gear is rotated around an axis and positioning means for positioning a selected dog tooth at a specified position; and a probe that contacts one tooth surface of the dog tooth positioned at the specified position; , A measuring element moving means for moving the measuring element along a specified path, and a measuring element while the measuring element in contact with one tooth surface of the dog tooth positioned at the specified position moves along the tooth trace. Measuring means for measuring the displacement, and calculating means for calculating the tooth trace data of the dog tooth based on the measurement result of the measuring means and calculating the taper angle of the dog tooth based on the calculated tooth trace data It is characterized by comprising.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the dog tooth taper angle measuring machine according to the fifth aspect, the calculating means calculates the torsion angle error of the dog gear based on the calculated tooth trace data. A calculating means; and an angle error calculating means for calculating an error of the taper angle of the dog tooth of the dog gear based on the torsion angle error calculated by the torsion angle error calculating means.
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the dog tooth taper angle measuring machine according to the fourth or fifth aspect, the calculation means is configured such that the tooth trace data of one tooth surface of the dog gear is a helical gear. It is calculated by replacing with tooth trace data.

  In order to achieve the second object, an invention according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is a taper angle measuring machine used for the dog tooth taper angle measuring method according to the fourth aspect, It is characterized by comprising tooth trace measuring means for measuring by replacing the tooth trace of one tooth surface of the dog tooth of the gear with the tooth trace of the helical gear.

Therefore, in the inventions according to claims 1 and 5, the tooth trace of one tooth surface of the selected dog tooth of the dog gear is measured, and the tooth trace data is calculated based on the measurement result. Then, the taper angle of the dog teeth is calculated based on the calculated tooth trace data.
According to the second and sixth aspects of the present invention, the torsion angle error for the gear specifications of the dog gear is calculated based on the calculated tooth trace data. Further, a taper angle error with respect to the gear specifications of the dog gear is calculated based on the calculated torsion angle error.
According to the third and seventh aspects of the present invention, the measurement is performed by replacing the tooth trace of one tooth surface of the dog tooth of the dog gear with the tooth trace of the helical gear.
In the inventions according to claims 4 and 8, it is possible to measure by replacing the tooth trace of the dog tooth of the dog gear with the tooth trace of the helical gear by the tooth profile measuring machine.

  It is possible to provide a dog tooth taper angle measuring method and a measuring apparatus that can reduce the measurement man-hours and increase the measurement accuracy.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The taper angle measuring machine 6 of the dog tooth 2 (hereinafter simply referred to as the taper angle measuring machine 6) is configured such that the tooth trace of one tooth surface 3 of the dog tooth 2 of the dog gear 1 is a helical gear tooth trace. Replaced and measured. Thereby, in this taper angle measuring machine 6, taper angle (theta) (refer FIG. 3) of the dog gear 1 is measured by the tooth profile measuring machine used for the tooth profile measurement of a helical gear. As shown in FIG. 4, the taper angle measuring machine 6 includes a center arbor 7 that can rotate around a vertically oriented axis, and the dog gear 1 is attached to the center arbor 7. And in this taper angle measuring machine 6, when the said center arbor 7 is positioned around an axis line, the selected dog tooth | gear 2 of the dog gear 1 with which the said center arbor 7 was mounted | worn is a measurement initial position (designated position). It is structured to be positioned on. Further, the taper angle measuring device 6 is provided with a Y-axis column 9 that is movable on the table 8 in the Y direction shown in FIG. 4 with respect to the center arbor 7.

  Further, the taper angle measuring machine 6 has a Z-axis movable on the front surface of the Y-axis column 9 (the surface facing the center arbor 7) in the Z direction shown in FIG. A head 10 is provided, and an X-axis head 11 that is movable in the X direction shown in FIG. 4 with respect to the Z-axis head 10 is provided in front of the Z-axis head 10. Further, the taper angle measuring machine 6 is provided with a measuring head 12 including a measuring element 5 on the front surface (the surface facing the center arbor 7) of the X-axis head 11. In the taper angle measuring machine 6, each servo motor that drives the center arbor 7, the Y-axis column 9, the Z-axis head 10, and the X-axis head 11 is connected to the main controller (in this embodiment, the NC controller). )) Is controlled by the axis control unit (positioning means and measuring element moving means), so that the selected dog tooth 2 of the dog gear 1 is positioned at the specified position, and the dog positioned at the specified position is also detected. The measuring element 5 is brought into contact with the tooth surface 3 of the tooth 2, and further, as shown in FIG. 1, the measuring element 5 follows the tooth trace of the dog tooth 2 (tooth trace based on gear specifications). It is structured to be moved.

  The taper angle measuring machine 6 measures the displacement of the measuring element 5 when the measuring element 5 is moved along the tooth trace of the dog tooth 2 (tooth trace based on the gear specifications). Based on the measurement result, the tooth trace data calculation unit (measuring means) of the main controller replaces the tooth trace data of the dog tooth 2 of the dog gear 1 with the tooth trace data of the helical gear. It has a structure. Further, the taper angle measuring machine 6 is based on tooth trace data of the dog gear 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as tooth trace data of the dog tooth 1) calculated by replacing the tooth trace data of the helical gear. The torsion angle error FH of the taper angle θ of the dog teeth 2 (hereinafter simply referred to as the torsion angle error FH of the dog teeth 1) is calculated by the calculation unit (calculation means) of the main controller. The structure is calculated by replacing the angular error FH. Further, in this taper angle measuring machine 6, based on the torsion angle error FH of the dog gear 1 calculated by replacing the torsion angle error FH of the helical gear, the error θ ′ of the taper angle θ of the dog tooth 2 is calculated. The helical gear has a structure calculated by replacing it with the error θ ′ of the torsion angle of the helical gear.

  In the taper angle measuring machine 6, the taper angle θ of the dog tooth 2 is calculated based on the taper angle error θ ′ calculated by replacing the helical gear torsion angle error θ ′. Is calculated. In the dog gear 1, the right-angle module mt is defined as the gear specifications. However, in the tooth profile measuring machine that measures the tooth profile of the helical gear, it is necessary to manually input the right-angle module mn as the gear specifications. In this taper angle measuring machine 6, the axis right angle module mt of the dog gear 1 is converted into the tooth right angle module mn of the helical gear, and the converted right angle module mn is used as the measurement condition for the main controller. To the storage unit. In this case, the shaft right angle module mt is converted to the tooth right angle module mn by multiplying the shaft right angle module mt by cos θ (mn = mt × cos θ).

  Next, the operation of the taper angle measuring device 6 will be described. First, necessary measurement conditions (see FIG. 5) are manually input to the main controller. In addition, the tooth right angle module mn inputs a value obtained by converting the shaft right angle module mt to the tooth right angle module mn (mn = mt × cos θ, θ is the taper angle of the dog tooth 2 shown in FIG. 3). Then, the dog gear 1 as the object to be measured is mounted on the center arbor 7 of the taper angle measuring machine 6 in a state where the axis is directed vertically. Next, when the measurement start button of the main control device is operated, the dog gear 1 is rotated around the axis, and the dog tooth 2 (selected dog tooth 2) having an angle phase of 0 ° in the dog gear 1 is generated. Positioning is performed at the initial measurement position (specified position) (positioning step). When the positioning of the dog tooth 2 is completed, the measuring element 5 is moved along the designated path and is brought into contact with the designated position of one tooth surface 3 of the dog tooth 2 having an angle phase of 0 °.

  In this state, as shown in FIG. 1, the probe 5 is moved along the tooth trace (tooth trace based on the gear specifications) of one tooth surface 3 of the dog tooth 2 having an angle phase of 0 °. The displacement while the probe 5 moves along the tooth trace of the dog tooth 2 is measured (measurement step). Then, based on the measurement result of the probe 5, the tooth trace data (see FIG. 6) of the dog tooth 2 having an angle phase of 0 ° is replaced with the tooth trace data of the helical gear. Next, the dog gear 1 is rotated around the axis, and the dog tooth 2 having an angle phase of 90 ° in the dog gear 1 is positioned at the initial measurement position (designated position). When the positioning of the dog tooth 2 is completed, the measuring element 5 is brought into contact with the designated position of one tooth surface 3 of the dog tooth 2 having an angle phase of 90 °. In this state, the probe 5 is moved along the tooth trace of one tooth surface 3 of the dog tooth 2 having an angular phase of 90 ° (tooth trace based on the gear specifications), and the probe 5 is moved to the dog tooth 2. The displacement is measured while moving along the tooth trace. Based on the measurement result of the probe 5, the tooth trace data of the dog tooth 2 having an angle phase of 90 ° is replaced with the tooth trace data of the helical gear.

  In this way, the tooth trace data is calculated by replacing the tooth trace data of the helical gear with the tooth trace data of the helical gears in the dog tooth 2 and the dog tooth 2 of 270 degrees. The average tooth trace data of each tooth trace data of each dog tooth 2 having an angle phase of 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, and 270 ° is calculated by replacing the average tooth trace data of the helical gear. The average tooth trace data is processed by the least square method, and the torsion angle error FH of the dog tooth 2 is replaced with the torsion angle error FH of the helical gear based on the processing result. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, since tan θ ′ = torsion angle error FH ÷ tooth trace measurement effective width BE (θ ′: taper angle error of dog tooth 2), the taper angle θ of dog tooth 2 is established. The error θ ′ is calculated by replacing the error θ ′ of the helical gear θ with the error θ ′ of the helical gear. Based on the output error θ ′ of the taper angle θ, the taper angle θ of the dog tooth 2 is calculated.

This embodiment has the following effects.
In this taper angle measuring machine 6, the tooth trace of one tooth surface 3 of the dog tooth 2 of the dog gear 1 is replaced with the tooth trace of the helical gear by the tooth profile measuring machine used for measuring the tooth profile of the helical gear. Measured. Therefore, in the taper angle measuring machine 6, based on the measurement result of the tooth trace, the tooth trace data of the tooth 2 of the dog tooth 2 is obtained from the tooth trace data of the tooth surface 3 of the dog tooth 2 by the tooth profile measuring machine. To be calculated. Further, in the taper angle measuring machine 6, the torsion angle error FH of the dog tooth 2 is calculated based on the calculated tooth trace data and replaced with the torsion angle error FH of the helical gear, and the calculated torsion is calculated. Based on the angular error FH, the error θ ′ of the taper angle θ of the dog tooth 2 is calculated by replacing the error θ ′ of the helical angle θ of the helical gear. Then, the taper angle θ of the dog tooth 2 is calculated based on the calculated error θ ′ of the taper angle θ of the dog tooth 2.

Thereby, in this taper angle measuring machine 6, it becomes possible to eliminate an artificial error by measuring the taper angle θ of the dog tooth 2 of the dog gear 1 using the tooth profile measuring machine. In comparison, the positioning accuracy of the dog teeth 2 and the positioning repeatability and the tooth trace measurement accuracy are improved, and the measurement accuracy of the taper angle θ is improved. Further, unlike the conventional measuring machine, it is not necessary to perform setup and measurement for each dog tooth to be measured, and it is possible to greatly reduce the man-hours related to measurement.
Further, in the taper angle measuring machine 6, the shaft right angle module mt of the dog gear 1 is converted into the tooth right angle module mn of the helical gear, and the converted tooth right angle module mn is input as a measurement condition. The tooth trace of one tooth surface 3 of the dog tooth 2 of the dog gear 1 can be replaced with a tooth trace of a helical gear and measured by a tooth profile measuring machine.

In addition, embodiment is not limited above, For example, you may comprise as follows.
In the present embodiment, the tooth trace of one tooth surface 3 is measured for four dog teeth 2 whose angle phase of the dog gear 1 is 90 °, and the tooth trace data of each dog tooth 2 is calculated. Although the average tooth trace data of the tooth trace data of the dog tooth 2 is calculated, the number of the dog teeth 2 to be measured may be set as appropriate, and may be less or more than four.
If the tooth surface has a shape including an involute curve, the taper angle measuring device 6 is used to measure the taper angle of the tooth surface of a gear (inner teeth or outer teeth) whose tooth profile is formed symmetrically. Also good.
One tooth surface 3 of the dog tooth 2 of the dog gear may be replaced with a cylindrical surface and measured using a roundness measuring machine. In this case, the operation of reading the taper angle θ using a draper is abolished, and the measurement accuracy is improved and the measurement man-hour is reduced.

It is explanatory drawing of this taper angle measuring machine, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state which a measuring element moves along the tooth trace of one tooth surface of a dog tooth. It is a perspective view of a dog gear. FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a portion A in FIG. 2 and shows a dog tooth taper angle θ. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of this taper angle measuring machine. It is a figure which shows the measurement conditions input into a main controller. It is a figure which shows an example of the tooth trace data of the dog tooth of the dog gear calculated and output by this taper angle measuring machine. In this taper angle measuring machine, it is a figure for demonstrating the relationship between the error (theta) 'of the dog tooth taper angle (theta), and the twist angle error FH of the tooth surface of a dog tooth. It is explanatory drawing of the conventional taper angle measuring method, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state by which the dog gear was hold | maintained at the workpiece holding jig. It is explanatory drawing of the conventional taper angle measuring method, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state by which a tooth trace of a dog tooth is measured with a shape measuring machine. It is explanatory drawing of the conventional taper angle measuring method, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state by which the taper angle of a dog tooth is read by the drafter from the profile of the dog tooth recorded on the recording paper.

Explanation of symbols

  1 dog gear, 2 dog teeth, 3 tooth surfaces, 5 probe, 6 taper angle measuring machine

Claims (8)

  A positioning step in which the dog gear is rotated around the axis and the selected dog teeth are positioned at a specified position, and the measuring element is brought into contact with one tooth surface of the dog teeth positioned at the specified position. A measurement step in which the displacement of the probe is measured while moving along the tooth trace, and tooth trace data is calculated based on the measurement result of the measurement step, and the dog tooth is based on the tooth trace data. And a step of calculating a taper angle of the dog tooth.   The calculation step is based on the torsion angle error calculation step in which the torsion angle error is calculated for the gear specifications of the dog gear based on the tooth trace data, and the torsion angle error is calculated based on the torsion angle error calculation step. 2. An angle error calculating step of calculating an error of a taper angle of the dog tooth with respect to a gear specification of the dog gear, and measuring a taper angle of the dog tooth according to claim 1. Method.   In the calculation step, the tooth trace data of the dog gear is calculated by replacing the tooth trace data of the helical gear, and in the torsion angle error calculating step, the torsion angle error of the dog gear is calculated as the helical gear. In the angle error calculating step, the error in the taper angle of the dog tooth is calculated by replacing the error in the helical angle of the helical gear. The method for measuring a taper angle of a dog tooth according to claim 2.   The tooth trace of one tooth surface of the dog tooth of the dog gear is replaced with the tooth trace of the helical gear and measured by a tooth profile measuring machine. Based on the measurement result of the tooth profile measuring machine, the taper angle of the dog tooth is determined. A method for measuring a taper angle of a dog tooth, wherein the taper angle is calculated. A taper angle measuring machine used for the dog tooth taper angle measuring method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A positioning means for rotating a dog gear about an axis to position a selected dog tooth at a specified position; a measuring element in contact with one tooth surface of the dog tooth positioned at the specified position; A measuring element moving means for moving the measuring element along a designated path, and the measurement while the measuring element in contact with one tooth surface of the dog tooth positioned at the designated position moves along a tooth trace. Measuring means for measuring the displacement of the child, and the tooth trace data of the dog tooth is calculated based on the measurement result of the measuring means, and the taper angle of the dog tooth is calculated based on the calculated tooth trace data A dog-tooth taper angle measuring machine.   The computing means is a torsion angle error calculating means for calculating a torsion angle error of the dog gear based on the calculated tooth trace data, and based on the torsion angle error calculated by the torsion angle error calculating means. 6. The dog tooth taper angle measuring device according to claim 5, further comprising angle error calculating means for calculating an error of the dog tooth taper angle of the dog gear.   7. The dog according to claim 5, wherein the calculation means calculates the tooth trace data of one tooth surface of the dog gear of the dog gear by replacing the tooth trace data of the helical gear. Teeth taper angle measuring machine. A taper angle measuring machine used in the method for measuring a taper angle of a dog tooth according to claim 4, wherein the tooth trace of one tooth surface of the dog tooth of the dog gear is replaced with the tooth trace of a helical gear. A dog tooth taper angle measuring machine, comprising: a tooth trace measuring means.

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