JP2007024476A - Replacement ventilation air-conditioning system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To remove a skin load in a winter without using a convector, in a replacement ventilation air-conditioning system. <P>SOLUTION: In this replacement ventilation air-conditioning system of supplying low-temperature air from an indoor lower part into an air conditioning space inside 10, and of conducting ventilation by discharging heated air heated by the vicinity of a heating body arranged in the air conditioning space inside 10 to be elevated, a window part 14 for partitioning an indoor 10 and an outdoor is formed into double glass structure, an opening part 26 is provided in an upper part of an indoor side window glass 24, air of a high temperature and a high contaminant concentration elevated to a ceiling 11 side is made to flow into a space 25 sandwiched with the indoor side window glass 24 and an outdoor side window glass 23, via the opening part 26, to be discharged to the outdoor after flowing down in the space 25. The air of the high temperature and the high contaminant concentration is passed through the window part 14 and discharged therefrom to solve a cold draft in the window part in the winter. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an indoor air conditioning system, and more particularly to a replacement ventilation air conditioning system.

In general, a replacement ventilation air conditioning system exhausts pollutants (such as carbon dioxide) generated from the surroundings of a heat source in the room from the indoor upper part using the density difference of the room air. It is known that it can provide a better air quality environment and is an effective ventilation system from the viewpoint of energy saving.

In the replacement ventilation air conditioning system, air conditioning air slightly lower than the indoor design temperature is supplied from the lower part of the room to form a temperature stratification such as a high temperature layer, a medium temperature layer, and a low temperature layer, so that there is a cooling load throughout the year. This is particularly effective for special environments (for example, factories with high heat generation sources) and has many applications.

However, if we try to introduce this replacement ventilation air-conditioning system into a general environment such as an office, for example, in winter, the cold air descends from the upper part of the window surface to the lower part in the vicinity of the window surface (inside the room) due to an outdoor heat source ( Cold draft), and accordingly, high temperature air near the ceiling and high concentration of pollutants may also descend to the residential area, causing the residents to feel uncomfortable and deteriorating the air quality. In addition, due to the temperature difference between the cool air descending from the vicinity of the window surface and the conditioned air supplied to the room, the conditioned air rises from the air outlet of the conditioned air without reaching the lower part of the room and is exhausted as it is. There is also a so-called “short circuit” problem.

To deal with such problems, for example, in Non-Patent Document 1 below, a convector (heat flow device) is installed in the vicinity of the window, and a cold draft that descends is offset by a heat rising flow from the convector to reduce the winter skin load. A replacement ventilation air-conditioning system to be removed has been proposed. However, this replacement ventilation air conditioning system has a large initial cost and running cost as a system, such as the installation of a convector in the perimeter (window side) and the input of energy into the convector after installation, and does not destroy the temperature stratification. There are many problems such as complicated control of heat flow.

Rehva Guidebook 2002 Edition No.1, Displacement ventilation Hakon Skistad, other works

  In view of such a current situation, an object of the present invention is to provide a replacement ventilation air-conditioning system that can remove a winter skin load without using a convector.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, low-temperature air is supplied into the air-conditioned space from the lower part of the room, and the heated air heated by the vicinity of the heating element disposed in the air-conditioned space is exhausted. In a replacement ventilation system that performs ventilation, the window member that separates the room from the outside has a double structure, and an opening is provided in the upper part of the room-side window member so that the space is sandwiched between the room-side window member and the room-side window member. The replacement ventilation is characterized in that a high-temperature and high-contaminant concentration air pushed up to the ceiling side is allowed to flow through the opening, and after flowing down the space, the air is exhausted outside the room. Provide air conditioning system.

  A second aspect of the invention is the replacement ventilation air conditioning system according to the first aspect, wherein a part of the high-temperature and pollutant-concentrated air flowing into the space is returned as return air.

According to a third aspect of the invention, in the first aspect of the invention, a blind is installed in the space.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the opening is provided with means for making the flow path resistance variable.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth aspect of the present invention, the flow path resistance varying means is a louver having variable wings.

The invention of claim 6 is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 1, a part of the air existing in the room is returned as return air without passing through the space.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the indoor side window member and the outdoor side window member are made of window glass.

According to the invention of claim 1, the high temperature pushed up to the ceiling side and the high concentration of pollutants are exhausted through the space sandwiched between the indoor side window member and the outdoor side window member in winter. It is possible to eliminate a cold draft in which cold air descends downward from the upper part of the window. That is, it is possible to eliminate the perimeter in the winter season, and it is not necessary to install a convector in the perimeter as in the conventional system, which is effective in terms of cost and energy.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a part of the high-temperature air that has flowed into the space between the indoor side window member and the outdoor side window member is returned to the room as return air, thereby reducing the burden of air conditioning in winter. Is done.

According to the invention of claim 3, by installing the blind in the space between the indoor side window member and the outdoor side window member, the solar radiation load (cooling load) in summer can be reduced.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the magnitude of the negative pressure generated in the space during the exhaust process can be reduced by installing the means for changing the flow path resistance in the opening at the top of the indoor side window member. In summer, high temperature air in the space between the window members can be prevented from flowing back into the room, and the temperature stratification in the room is not disturbed.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the negative pressure in the space can be easily finely adjusted by using the louver having the variable blade as the flow path resistance varying means.

According to the invention of claim 6, by returning a part of the air existing in the room to the air conditioner as return air without passing through the space, in summer, a part of the high temperature air passing through the space is returned to the return air. Compared with the case where it returns as, the temperature of the return air becomes low, and the burden of air conditioning is reduced.

According to the invention of claim 7, both the indoor side window member and the outdoor side window member are made of window glass, so that the replacement ventilation air conditioning system can be widely used for the air conditioning space of an office such as a building or a general building such as a hospital room. Applicable.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a replacement ventilation air conditioning system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a replacement ventilation air conditioning system 1 according to an embodiment.

The air-conditioned space (indoor) 10 is, for example, an office room, a computer room, a hospital room, etc., and is partitioned by a ceiling 11, a floor 12, and a plurality of side walls 13. A portion of the side wall 13 facing the outside is configured as a window portion 14. Inside the air-conditioned space 10, for example, a personal computer (PC) 15, other devices that generate heat, a person (not shown), etc. exist as heating elements. A blower outlet 16 for supplying conditioned air into the room is provided at the lower part of the air-conditioned space 10 and at the lower part of the side wall 13 that is separated from the window part 14. The conditioned air is set to a temperature slightly lower than the room temperature design temperature, and is supplied via an air supply duct 18 from an air handling unit 17 provided outside the room. The air conditioner 17 is provided with a cooler 19 (in the summer) and a filter (not shown) for cooling the outside air OA to produce low-temperature air, and the produced low-temperature air (from winter to summer) from room temperature. The air supply fan 20 for supplying air conditioned air having a slightly lower temperature) to the air conditioned space 10 through the air supply duct 18 is provided. The cooler 19 is, for example, a cold / hot water heat exchanger, and flows cold water (lower temperature than OA) in summer (cooling), and warm water (higher than OA) in winter (heating). In FIG. 1, 21 is an outside air introduction duct that guides outside air OA to the air conditioner 17, and 22 is a damper that adjusts the amount of outside air OA taken into the air conditioner 17.

Two window glasses 23 and 24 are mounted as window members on the window portion 14 that separates the air-conditioned space 10 from the outside. As shown in the drawing, the window glasses 23 and 24 are installed at a predetermined distance so as to form a space 25 therebetween, and have a double window glass structure.

Of the window glasses 23 and 24, the window glass 23 (hereinafter referred to as “outdoor window glass”) positioned on the outdoor side is in close contact with the side wall 13 of the window portion 14. On the other hand, the window glass 24 located on the indoor side (hereinafter referred to as an indoor window glass) has a lower end in close contact with the side wall 13 of the window portion 14, while an upper end in close contact with the side wall 13 depending from above. It is installed so that some opening part 26 may be formed between the window glass upper end and the side wall 13 without being done. The opening 26 is formed so as to extend in the window glass width direction (perpendicular to the drawing) and constitutes an exhaust port of the replacement ventilation air conditioning system 1.

An exhaust passage 27 whose one end is closed in the width direction of the window glass is provided below the space 25 formed between the window glasses 23 and 24, and an exhaust duct 28 is connected to the other end. The exhaust duct 28 passes through the inside of the floor 12 and finally opens to the outside. In the middle of the exhaust duct 28, an exhaust fan 29 for sucking indoor high-temperature air through the space 25 of the window 14 and a damper 30 for adjusting the exhaust amount are provided. Note that the exhaust duct 28 is partially branched and connected to the air conditioner 17 on the exhaust upstream side of the exhaust fan 29. In other words, in the present embodiment, the air accumulated in the upper part of the air-conditioned space 10 (air heated by a heat load such as a human body or OA equipment existing in the air-conditioned space 10) passes through the opening 26 and the window glass 23. , 24 flows into the space 25, and then a part thereof is returned to the air conditioner 17 via the exhaust duct 28, and the other is exhausted EA to the outside.

The operation of the replacement ventilation air conditioning system 1 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, each arrow in the figure indicates the flow of air in the system 1, and particularly describes the operation of the system 1 in the winter, but the air flow is basically the same in the summer.

In the replacement ventilation air conditioning system 1, the low-temperature conditioned air (supply air) SA produced by the air conditioner 17, that is, the conditioned air slightly lower than the indoor design temperature, is supplied to the supply air duct 18 and the outlet 16. Then, the air is supplied into the air-conditioned space 10. The low-temperature air SA thus supplied into the air-conditioned space 10 flows downward in the air-conditioned space 10 due to the temperature difference, fills the living space below the air-conditioned space 10 at a low speed, and Keep in a comfortable environment. On the other hand, in the living space in the air-conditioned space 10, for example, a personal computer 15 or a human being as a heating element exists, so the low-temperature air SA that is supplied into the air-conditioned space 10 and is in thermal contact with the heating element is After a while, it is heated and rises slowly. Due to the upward flow, contaminants such as dust and gas generated around the personal computer 15 in the conditioned space 10 can be conveyed upward in the conditioned space 10.

On the other hand, in the exhaust system, the exhaust fan 29 provided in the exhaust duct 28 is operated, and the air in the duct 28 and the space 25 between the window glasses 23 and 24 is sucked by the exhaust fan 29 and the air supply fan 20. The As a result, a negative pressure is generated in the space 25, and the air accumulated in the vicinity of the ceiling 11 (heated air) due to the pressure difference with the air-conditioned space 10 also disturbs the temperature stratification formed in the air-conditioned space 10. Instead, it flows into the space 25 from the opening (exhaust port) 26 at the top of the window 14 and slowly descends toward the exhaust passage 27.

In the case of winter, glass or an outer wall (not shown), which is usually exposed to the outside air and cooled to a low temperature, causes a cold air downflow from the top of the perimeter toward the floor 12 on the indoor window side (perimeter) (cold draft) phenomenon). However, according to the replacement ventilation air conditioning system 1 of the present invention, since the heated air descends in the space 25 between the double panes 23 and 24, heat exchange is performed in the flow process and heating is performed. The load (outer skin load) is removed, and no cold draft is generated in the room. The heated air collected in the upper part of the air-conditioned space 10 is cooled in the process of descending the space 25, and then partly led to the air conditioner 17 as return air RA through the exhaust passage 27 and the exhaust duct 28, and the rest. Is led to the exhaust fan 29 as exhaust EA, and finally discharged to the outside.

Thus, in the replacement ventilation air conditioning system 1 according to the present embodiment, by using the heat generated in the room, it is possible to achieve perimeterless (removal of skin load) in winter without installing a convector. The initial cost and running cost can be reduced, and energy saving can be promoted. Further, in the present embodiment, a part of the air cooled in the descending process of the space 25 is supplied again to the air conditioner 17, thereby reducing the burden on the air conditioner 17 side for generating new low-temperature air SA. Also in this respect, energy saving can be promoted. The flow rate of return air (return air) RA returned to the air conditioner 17 side and the amount of exhaust EA released to the outside via the exhaust fan 29 can be controlled by adjusting the damper 30.

The operation of the replacement ventilation air conditioning system 1 described above is the same in the summer. That is, in the replacement ventilation air conditioning, the vicinity of the ceiling becomes high regardless of the season, so that the air conditioner 17 is operated to supply the low temperature air SA to the lower part of the room in the summer, while the exhaust fan 29 is also operated similarly. As a result, the air accumulated in the upper part of the air-conditioned space 10 flows into the space 25 through the exhaust port 26 and cools the window 14 heated to a temperature higher than the room temperature by solar radiation or the like, and then the exhaust duct. It is discharged to the outside via 28. In summer, the temperature of the exhaust EA flowing into the exhaust duct 28 through the space 25 may be higher than the atmospheric temperature taken into the air conditioner 17 due to the influence of the wall surface temperature or the like. In this case, if a part of the exhaust EA is returned to the air conditioner 17 as the return air RA as in the winter season, the load on the air conditioner 17 side may be increased. Therefore, in the summer, it is preferable to adjust the flow rate of the return air RA by adjusting the damper 30 and the return air intake side on the air conditioner 17 side according to the situation (outside air temperature and the like). The entire amount of the exhaust gas EA flowing through the gas may be discharged to the outside as it is.

As described above, the replacement ventilation air conditioning system 1 according to the present embodiment reduces the cooling load on the window portion 14 by discharging the high-temperature air on the ceiling 11 through the space 25 even in the summer, and is effective from the viewpoint of energy saving. It becomes.

As mentioned above, although an example of preferable embodiment of this invention was demonstrated, this invention is not limited to the form of illustration. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, a variable blade blind 31 may be installed in a space 25 between the window glasses 23 and 24 so as to block the solar radiation in summer and further reduce the cooling load. . Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a variable blade louver 32 is provided in the opening 26, and in summer, the flow resistance of the portion is increased to increase the value of the negative pressure in the space 25 by the exhaust fan 29. The high temperature air may be prevented from flowing back into the room through the opening 26.

In the system 1 shown in FIG. 1, a part of the exhaust gas is returned to the air conditioner 17 as return air RA. However, as shown in FIG. 5, for example, all exhaust EA is exhausted to the outside via the exhaust fan 29 and returned. The air RA may be supplied to the air conditioner 17 directly from the room via the return duct 33 without passing through the windows. This system 1 'has a complicated duct structure as compared with the system 1 of FIG. 1, but the indoor installation position of the return duct 33 is separated from the ceiling 11, thereby air conditioning cleaner and cooler air in summer. There is a merit that can be supplied to the machine 17. Incorporating a mechanism as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 also in this system 1 ′ reduces the cooling load caused by solar radiation, especially in summer, and prevents the inflow of hot air between windows into the room. Needless to say, it is even more effective.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the window portion has a double glass structure so that the high-temperature air in the ceiling portion flows in and descends into the space between the glasses, but the window member is not limited to a glass plate. Any other window member may be used. For example, although not shown, the plate (wall member) may have a double structure so that the exhaust flows between them.

  As an example of use of the present invention, in addition to air conditioning of office rooms and computer rooms, for example, for air conditioning systems such as guest rooms, banquet halls, amusement halls, printing rooms, hospital rooms, toilets, kitchens, machine rooms, boiler rooms, factories, etc. Is also applicable.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a replacement ventilation air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Schematic which shows the flow of the air at the time of the action | operation (winter season) of the replacement | exchange ventilation air conditioning system of FIG. The partial expanded sectional view of the window part as a modification of FIG. The partial expanded sectional view of the exhaust port as a modification of FIG. The schematic block diagram of the replacement | exchange ventilation air conditioning system by another embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1, 1 ': Replacement ventilation air conditioning system, 10: Air-conditioned space (indoor),
11: Ceiling, 12: Floor, 13: Side wall, 14: Window
15: PC, 16: outlet, 17: air conditioner, 18: air supply duct,
19: cooler, 20: air supply fan, 21: outside air introduction duct,
22: damper, 23: window glass (outside), 24: window glass (inside),
25: space, 26: opening, 27: exhaust passage, 28: exhaust duct,
29: Exhaust fan, 30: Damper, 31: Variable wing blind,
32: Variable wing louver, OA: outside air, EA: exhaust, SA: air supply,
RA: Return air

Claims (7)

In the replacement ventilation system that ventilates by supplying low-temperature air into the air-conditioned space from the lower part of the room and exhausting the heated air that has been heated and raised by the vicinity of the heating element arranged in the air-conditioned space,
The window member that separates the room from the outside has a double structure, and an opening is provided in the upper part of the room side window member, and the high temperature pushed up to the ceiling side in the space between the room side window member and the room outside window member A replacement-ventilation air-conditioning system configured to allow air having a high contaminant concentration to flow in through the opening and flow down the space, and then to be exhausted outside the room. 2. The replacement ventilation air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein a part of the high-temperature and pollutant-concentrated air flowing into the space is returned as return air. The replacement ventilation air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein a blind is installed in the space. The replacement ventilation air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein means for changing the flow path resistance is installed in the opening. The replacement ventilation air conditioning system according to claim 4, wherein the flow path resistance varying means is a louver having variable wings. The replacement ventilation air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein a part of the air existing in the room is returned as return air without passing through the space. The replacement ventilation air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the indoor side and outdoor side window members are made of window glass.

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