JP2007023984A - Sliding member of compressor and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sliding member of a compressor, whose oil film forming capability is high, and provide its manufacturing method. <P>SOLUTION: The sliding member is made up of a material made by dispersing hard particles in a flexible base material. After the hard particles are sprayed onto at least a sliding surface of the sliding member, an abrasive compound made up of an elastic body and having abrasive particles dispersed on the surface part is projected onto at least the sliding surface of the sliding member. An elastically deforming layer for forming the surface part of the sliding member is processed to expose the hard particles and dimples and shallow minute depressions are formed on the flexible base material. Thereby, the hard particles exposed form appropriate gaps between an opposite member and the shallow minute depressions to exert a wedge effect by lubricating oil fed from the dimples, so that the sliding member of the compressor having a high oil film forming capacity is obtained. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a sliding member of a compressor used for refrigeration and air conditioning in various applications regardless of business use and non-business use, and a manufacturing method thereof.

  A conventional sliding member of a compressor and a manufacturing method thereof have a two-layer structure of a base material and a surface layer part, and the surface layer part is composed of the same powder sintered material as that of the base material. Even if there is, the surface layer part is a powder sintered material that is uniformly dispersed, such as silicon, so the cutting finish surface is also good, and there is no reliability where the silicon drop-off part that causes fatigue fracture occurs on the surface. A high turning scroll member is formed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

6 and 7 show a sliding member of a conventional compressor described in Patent Document 1 and a manufacturing method thereof. As shown in the figure, the orbiting scroll is composed of a disc-shaped end plate 1, a lap portion 2 formed upright in a spiral shape from an upper surface portion 1 c thereof, and a bearing portion 3. The height of the wrap portion is about 6 times the wall thickness. The end plate 1 and the base materials 1b and 2b of the wrap portion 2 are integrally formed, and the material is an aluminum die-cast product containing 30% silicon, some nickel, and magnesium. Further, the upper surface portion 1c and the side surface portion 1d of the end plate 1 and the lap surface layer portion 2a of the wrap portion 2 are made of a powder sintered material made of the same material as the base material portion.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-24286

  However, since the conventional structure contains 30% of hard silicon based on soft aluminum, the surface layer portions 1a and 2a are rough and the surface roughness cannot be sufficiently reduced. As a result, during high load operation, especially in high differential pressure operation with CO2 refrigerant, the surface pressure becomes high, and there is a possibility that the crest of roughness will come into contact with the mating material and lead to metal contact, increasing the sliding loss and increasing the efficiency. There is a risk of lowering.

  The present invention solves such a conventional problem, and provides a sliding member of a compressor which is made of a material obtained by dispersing hard particles in a soft base material and has a high oil film forming ability, and a method for manufacturing the same. For the purpose.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the sliding member of the compressor and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention include a sliding member made of a material in which hard particles are dispersed in a soft substrate, and at least the sliding surface of the sliding member. After the hard fine particles are sprayed onto the plastic deformation layer, an abrasive material composed of an elastic body and having abrasive grains dispersed at least on the surface layer portion is projected onto at least the sliding surface of the sliding member to form the surface layer portion of the sliding member Are processed to expose hard particles and to form dimples and shallow fine recesses on a soft base material.

  As a result, dimples, that is, oil reservoirs are formed on a part of the surface of the soft base material, and the rest are smoothed by the projection of the abrasive, but many shallow and fine concave portions are formed. Then, moderately exposed hard particles form an appropriate gap between the counterpart material and the shallow concave portion on the surface of the soft substrate, and the lubricating oil replenished from the dimples is also added to exert the wedge effect of the lubricating oil. A thick oil film is formed. Therefore, a sliding member having a high oil film forming ability can be obtained.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The sliding member of the compressor and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention can provide the sliding member of the compressor with little loss due to sliding and high durability.

  1st invention comprises a sliding member with the material which disperse | distributed the hard particle | grains to the soft base material, and sprays a hard fine particle on at least the sliding surface of a sliding member, Then, it comprises with an elastic body and at least in a surface layer part Abrasive material in which abrasive grains are dispersed is projected onto at least the sliding surface of the sliding member, the plastic deformation layer forming the surface layer portion of the sliding member is processed to expose the hard particles, and the soft base material is dimple and shallow. By forming fine concave portions, a sliding surface having a high oil film forming ability is obtained, and a sliding member for a compressor with little loss due to sliding can be obtained.

  In the second invention, the oily effect of the lubricating oil is increased by setting the exposed height of the hard particles of the first invention to 1 μm or less and the exposed amount of the hard particles to 4.7% or more in area ratio. A sliding member for a compressor having high seizure resistance can be obtained.

  According to the third invention, the soft base material of the first or second invention is covered with the solid lubricant, so that the familiarity with the counterpart material is exhibited by the solid lubricating action, and the starting operation and the transient operation are performed. A compressor sliding member suitable for the above can be obtained.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the soft base material of any one of the first to third aspects is made of Al and the hard particles are made of Si, so that light and seizure resistance is improved and high compression suitable for weight reduction is achieved. A sliding member of the machine is obtained.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the soft base material of any one of the first to third aspects is made of an Fe-based material, and the hard particles are made of carbide. A member is obtained.

  In the sixth invention, the soft base material of any one of the first to third inventions is made of an Mg alloy, so that the weight of the soft base material can be further reduced, and a compressor sliding member suitable for high-speed operation can be obtained.

  In the seventh invention, since the soft base material of any one of the first to third inventions is made of resin, it is possible to reduce the size, and a compressor sliding member suitable for a low-pressure air compressor or the like is provided. can get.

  In an eighth aspect of the present invention, the compressor according to any one of the first to seventh aspects is a scroll compressor and the sliding member is an orbiting scroll, so that loss due to sliding is reduced and scroll compression is highly efficient. A machine is obtained.

  In a ninth aspect of the invention, the compressor according to any one of the first to seventh aspects is a sliding vane type rotary compressor, the sliding member is a cylinder, and at least the discharge notch starting position on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder. By projecting the abrasive to the top dead center, the weight of the cylinder is reduced, and a lightweight sliding vane type rotary compressor is obtained.

  In the tenth invention, the compressor of any one of the first to seventh inventions is a sliding vane type rotary compressor, and the sliding member is a vane. High sliding vane type rotary compressor.

In an eleventh aspect of the invention, the sliding member is made of a material in which hard particles are dispersed in a soft base material, the hard fine particles are injected onto at least the sliding surface of the sliding member, and then made of an elastic body and at least the surface layer portion. Abrasive material in which abrasive grains are dispersed is projected onto at least the sliding surface of the sliding member, and the plastic deformation layer covering the hard particles is processed on the surface layer portion of the sliding member, thereby partially processing the sliding member. Thus, a low-cost compressor sliding member can be obtained.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a scroll compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, 4 is a sealed container, 5 is a suction pipe, and 6 is a discharge pipe. A compression mechanism section 7 and a motor section (not shown) are built in the sealed container 4. The compression mechanism unit 7 includes a fixed scroll 9 fixed to the frame 8, a turning scroll 10 disposed opposite to the fixed scroll 9, an Oldham ring 11 provided between the turning scroll 10 and the frame 8, and a motor unit. The crankshaft 12 is connected.

  The fixed scroll 9 includes an end plate 9a, a spring 9b, a suction port 9c, and a discharge port 9d, and a suction pipe 5 is connected to the suction port 9c. FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the orbiting scroll 10. The orbiting scroll 10 includes end plates 10a and 10b, a spring 10c, and a bearing 10d. The height of the spring 10c is set lower than the height of the spring 9b of the fixed scroll 9. The frame 8 is provided with a seal member 14 in the annular groove 13, and the inside of the seal member 14 is set to a high pressure. With this pressure, the orbiting scroll 10 is pressed against the fixed scroll 9, and the axial gap between the orbiting scroll 10 and the fixed scroll 9 is sealed.

  FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional structure in the vicinity of the end plate 10 a of the orbiting scroll 10. The orbiting scroll 10 is made of an Al—Si alloy in which fine eutectic Si15d having an average particle diameter of 3 to 5 μm as hard particles is dispersed in Al15a as a soft base material. At least the portion of the end plate 10a of the orbiting scroll 10 that is slid by being pressed against the end of the end plate 9a of the fixed scroll 9, particularly the inner end of the seal member 14, has an average particle diameter of 10 to 100 μm. The hard particles such as silica and alumina are jetted together with air and water, and then the average particle size of 0.1 to 10 μm of abrasive particles such as SiC and alumina is dispersed at least in the surface layer portion. A polishing material made of rubber having a thickness of 1 to 10 mm is projected to process the plastic deformation layer of the surface layer portion. That is, the Al ground is smoothed by removing the mountain, but a dimple 15b of φ5 to 30 μm is formed in a part thereof, and the remaining is a shallow and fine depth of 1 μm or less, preferably 0.5 μm or less. Are formed, that is, a large number of scratches 15c. Further, Al in the surface layer portion covering the eutectic Si 15d is removed, and the eutectic Si 15d is exposed.

  Next, the operation will be described.

  The rotation of the motor unit is transmitted to the orbiting scroll 10 via the crankshaft 12 and causes the orbiting scroll 10 to orbit in cooperation with the Oldham ring 11. The splashes 10c and 9b of the orbiting scroll 10 and the fixed scroll 9 disposed at positions that mesh with each other by this orbiting motion suck in the refrigerant from the suction pipe 5 through the suction port 9c and compress it. The compressed refrigerant is discharged into the sealed container 4 from the discharge port 9d, and is led out of the sealed container 4 from the discharge pipe 6. The inside of the sealed container 4 is at a high pressure.

Now, the lubricating oil accumulated in the dimples 15b of the mirror surface 10a of the orbiting scroll 10 that becomes difficult to slide during high load operation with HFC refrigerant, and particularly during high differential pressure operation with CO2 refrigerant, As it slides with the tip, it is supplied to the flaw 15c, where the wedge effect of the lubricating oil is exhibited and a sufficiently thick oil film is formed. Therefore, metal contact can be prevented, and loss due to sliding can be reduced.

  Further, the eutectic Si is made convex at 1 μm or less, preferably 0.5 μm or less from the Al base, and the exposed amount is set to 4.7% or more in area ratio, so that the edge portion of the eutectic Si 15d is appropriately rounded. The lubricating oil is adsorbed by the eutectic Si 15d and exhibits an oily effect, and the non-adhesive effect of the eutectic Si 15d is added, so that the seizure resistance can be greatly improved. Note that the Si area ratio of 4.7% is an experimentally obtained exposure amount necessary to ensure seizure resistance.

  In addition, an excessive pressure is generated inside the seal member 14, but the fine eutectic Si15d particles with high non-adhesiveness that are appropriately exposed support the tip of the spring 9b of the fixed scroll 9, and so on. Seizure is prevented by the oily effect of the lubricating oil adsorbed on the crystal Si 15d, and a scroll compressor having a wide operable load range is obtained.

  In addition, when a solid lubricant is applied to the end plate 10a of the orbiting scroll 10, the familiarity is improved, and the operating characteristics at the time of starting and transient operation can be improved.

  If the soft base material is Fe-based material and the hard particles are carbide, the toughness of the orbiting scroll 10 is increased, the height of the splash 10c can be increased, and a scroll compressor having a large capacity can be obtained.

  In addition, when an Mg alloy is used as the soft substrate, a scroll compressor having a large capability control width can be obtained by increasing the speed.

  Further, when a resin is used as the soft base material, it becomes possible to reduce the size by injection molding or the like, and a scroll compressor suitable for low-pressure air compression or the like can be obtained.

  In addition, this manufacturing method makes it possible to process only the sliding surface, and it is not necessary to process the entire sliding member, so that the sliding member can be processed in a short time and at low cost.

(Embodiment 2)
4 and 5 are sectional views of a sliding vane type rotary compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in the drawing, the compressor 21 includes a cylinder 22, a rotor 23, a vane 24, a front side plate 25, a rear side plate 26, and a drive shaft 27. The cylinder 22 is formed in a cylindrical shape whose inner peripheral surface is a sliding contact surface. The cylinder 22 is fixed between the front side plate 25 and the rear side plate 26 with bolts. The drive shaft 27 is supported by a bearing 28 of the front side plate 25 and a bearing 29 of the rear side plate 26. A cylindrical rotor 23 is attached to the drive shaft 27. A vane groove 30 is formed in the rotor 23, and a vane 24 is slidably accommodated in the vane groove 30. The vane 24 is biased in a direction protruding from the vane groove 30 by the pressure of the back pressure chamber 31. The tip of the vane 24 rotates together with the rotor 23 while being in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 22, and a suction chamber 32 and a compression chamber 33 are formed between the adjacent vanes 24. The suction chamber 32 communicates with a suction port 34 provided in the cylinder 22, and the compression chamber 33 communicates with a discharge port 35 via a discharge notch 36 provided in the cylinder 22. The discharge port 35 communicates with the rear case 37, and lubricating oil 38 is stored in the lower portion of the rear case 37 that is at a high pressure. In addition, 36a is the starting position of the discharge notch 36, 39 is the position of the top dead center, and the gap between the cylinder 22 and the rotor 23 is set to be the smallest.

The cylinder 22 is an Al-Si in which hard particles having a relatively large primary crystal Si having an average particle diameter of 30 to 50 μm and fine eutectic Si having an average particle diameter of 3 to 5 μm are dispersed in Al which is a soft substrate. It is made of an alloy. In the range of the start position 36a of the discharge notch 36 and the top dead center position 39 with a small inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 22, hard fine particles such as silica and alumina having an average particle diameter of 10 to 100 μm are first injected together with air and water. Next, an abrasive made of rubber having an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 1.0 mm in which abrasive grains such as SiC and alumina having an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 10 μm are dispersed at least on the surface layer portion is projected. The surface plastic deformation layer is processed.

  That is, the Al ground is smoothed by removing the peaks, but a part thereof is formed with dimples of φ5 to 30 μm, and the rest is shallow and fine depth of 1 μm or less, preferably 0.5 μm or less. Many concave portions, that is, scratches are formed. Further, Si is removed from the Al covering it, and has a convex of 1 μm or less, preferably 0.5 μm or less from the Al ground, and is exposed at an area ratio of 4.7% or more. Note that a Ni-P plating layer is formed on the tip of the vane 24.

  The operation of the compressor according to this embodiment will be described below.

  Power is transmitted from the engine to the drive shaft 27 of the compressor 21 via the belt, and the rotor 23 rotates. The vane 24 protrudes from the vane groove 30 due to the centrifugal force due to this rotation and the pressure in the back pressure chamber 31, and the tip of the vane 24 rotates with the rotor 23 while being in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 22. As the rotor 23 rotates, the refrigerant is sucked into the suction chamber 32 from the suction port 34, and then compressed in the compression chamber 33 and discharged to the outside through the discharge port 35 and the rear case 16. A part of the lubricating oil 38 is supplied to the cylinder 22, and the gap between the front side plate 25, the rear side plate 26 and the rotor 23 and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 22 are lubricated.

  During high load operation, when the vane 24 passes the start position 36a of the discharge notch 36, the pressure acting on the tip of the vane 24 due to re-expansion of the dead volume formed by the discharge port 35 and the discharge notch 36 is increased. The force rapidly decreases and the force pressing the vane 24 against the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 22 increases rapidly. However, the oil accumulated in the dimples by sliding of the vane 24 is supplied to the scratches that are shallow recesses, and the wedge effect of the lubricating oil appears, and the moderately exposed non-adhesive high Si moderately rounded Since the lubricating oil adsorbed on the edge exhibits an oily effect, a sliding vane type rotary compressor having high seizure resistance and light weight can be obtained.

  Further, the cylinder 22 is made of cast iron, the vane 24 is made of an Al—Si alloy in which the primary crystal Si is refined by gas atomization to an average particle diameter of 3 to 5 μm, and the average particle diameter is first formed on the sliding surface of the vane 24. Hard particles such as silica and alumina having a particle size of 10 to 100 μm are jetted together with air and water, and then an average particle size in which abrasive particles such as SiC and alumina having an average particle size of 0.1 to 10 μm are dispersed at least in the surface layer portion. By grinding a polishing material made of 0.1-1.0 mm rubber and processing the plastic deformation layer on the surface, the Al ground is smoothed by removing the peaks, but a portion of φ5 A dimple of ˜30 μm is formed, and the remainder has a shallow and fine depth of 1 μm or less, preferably 0.5 μm or less, and a large number of recesses, that is, scratches are formed. μm or less, preferably becomes less convex 0.5 [mu] m, it is exposed at an area ratio of 4.7% or more. As a result, the wedge effect and oily effect of the lubricating oil are exhibited on the sliding surface of the vane 24, and the non-adhesiveness is added by the exposed Si, so that the durability of the vane 24 is improved and the sliding vane type having a long life is obtained. A rotary compressor is obtained.

  As described above, since the sliding member of the compressor and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention have a low loss due to sliding and a highly durable sliding member of the compressor is obtained, it is used for business and non-business purposes. It can be applied to compressors and various fluid machinery such as refrigeration air conditioning and hot water supply for various purposes.

Sectional drawing which shows the scroll compressor in Embodiment 1 of this invention Sectional drawing of the turning scroll in the scroll compressor in Embodiment 1 of this invention Sectional organization chart of the vicinity of the end plate of the orbiting scroll in the scroll compressor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention A longitudinal sectional view showing a sliding vane type rotary compressor in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Cross section showing a sliding vane type rotary compressor in Embodiment 2 of the present invention Partial sectional view showing a conventional orbiting scroll The perspective view which shows the external appearance of the conventional turning scroll

Explanation of symbols

10 Orbiting scroll 10a, 10b End plate 15a Al ground 15b Dimple 15c Shallow and fine scratch 15d Eutectic Si

Claims (11)

The sliding member is made of a material in which hard particles are dispersed in a soft base material, and after the hard fine particles are sprayed on at least the sliding surface of the sliding member, the sliding member is made of an elastic body and at least the abrasive grains are dispersed in the surface layer portion. The abrasive was projected onto at least the sliding surface of the sliding member, the plastic deformation layer forming the surface layer portion of the sliding member was processed to expose hard particles, and dimples and shallow fine recesses were formed on the soft substrate. A sliding member of a compressor. The sliding member for a compressor according to claim 1, wherein the exposed height of the hard particles is set to 1 µm or less, and the exposed amount of the hard particles is set to 4.7% or more by area ratio. The sliding member of the compressor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the soft base material is covered with a solid lubricant. The sliding member of the compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the soft base material is Al and the hard particles are Si. The sliding member for a compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the soft base material is an Fe-based material and the hard particles are carbide. The sliding member of the compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the soft base material is an Mg alloy. The sliding member for a compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the soft base material is a resin. The compressor sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the compressor is a scroll compressor and the sliding member is an orbiting scroll. 8. The abrasive according to claim 1, wherein the compressor is a sliding vane type rotary compressor, the sliding member is a cylinder, and the abrasive is projected at least from the start position of the discharge notch to the top dead center on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder. A sliding member of a compressor given in any 1 paragraph. The sliding member of the compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the compressor is a sliding vane type rotary compressor, and the sliding member is a vane. The sliding member is made of a material in which hard particles are dispersed in a soft base material, and after injecting hard fine particles onto at least the sliding surface of the sliding member, the sliding member is made of an elastic body and abrasive particles are dispersed at least on the surface layer portion. A method for manufacturing a sliding member for a compressor, wherein the abrasive is projected onto at least a sliding surface of the sliding member to process a plastic deformation layer covering the hard particles with a surface layer portion of the sliding member.

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