JP2007018420A - Power-saving device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To supply power to a voltage set to a load, regardless of the increase in the voltage of a commercial AC power source. <P>SOLUTION: A thyristor control part 100 is added between an input and a load, and the voltage supplied to the load is detected by a rectifier circuit 110. A voltage, to be applied to the load, is set by a setting part 130. A trigger pulse, corresponding to the error as a result of the comparison by a comparison circuit 120, is generated, and phase control is implemented by the thyristor control part 100. Thereby, the power corresponding to the voltage set by the setting part 130 can be always supplied to the load. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a power saving apparatus that automatically controls power consumption.

  Conventionally, as a power controller for controlling the power of a commercial AC power supply, a power controller that performs phase control using a triac or the like and sets the amount of power to be used to, for example, 80% or 90% of a normal value is shown. Yes. In such a power controller, a fader circuit or the like that uses a predetermined load by gradually reducing the power after a lapse of a certain time in order to make the load work normally after the power is turned on.

  However, in such a device, the power controller operates as it is even when the supply voltage drops from the specified 100 V due to the change in the power supply state, for example, as the consumer consumes a lot of power, so the power level Decreases. That is, the conventional power controller has a drawback that it cannot control the power corresponding to the fluctuation of the supply voltage of the commercial AC power supply.

Patent Document 1 discloses an apparatus that adjusts the power supplied to a load to reduce power consumption and supply stable power. However, this apparatus sets the power supplied to the load using the solar power generation apparatus to an appropriate value, and does not cope with fluctuations in the commercial AC power supply.
JP 2003-3017 A

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such a conventional problem, and performs phase control of a voltage applied to a load in accordance with a voltage supplied as a commercial AC power supply, thereby obtaining a specified voltage. The purpose is to automatically adjust the power consumption to be equivalent.

  In order to solve this problem, a power saving device according to the present invention is connected between an input terminal of a commercial AC power supply and a load, and performs a phase control and a detection voltage corresponding to the power applied to the load. A voltage detection circuit to obtain, a setting unit that divides the voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit and arbitrarily sets an AC voltage level applied to the load, and compares a setting voltage obtained from the setting unit with a reference voltage A comparator circuit that outputs the voltage difference; and a trigger pulse generator that generates a trigger pulse at a timing corresponding to the voltage difference obtained from the comparator circuit and applies the trigger pulse to the thyristor controller. Is.

  Here, the trigger pulse generation unit is provided with a variable resistance circuit that obtains a resistance value corresponding to a voltage difference obtained from the comparison circuit, and a resistance value obtained from the variable resistance circuit by receiving a voltage across the thyristor control unit. A trigger pulse generating circuit that generates a trigger pulse at a timing determined by the above-described timing and applies the trigger pulse to the thyristor control unit.

  Here, the thyristor control unit may use a triac.

  According to the present invention having such characteristics, the phase of the current supplied to the load is controlled so that the power consumption set by the setting unit is obtained. For this reason, even when the commercial AC power supply exceeds 100 V, for example, the power actually supplied to the load can be set to a power corresponding to the set value voltage, and an effect of saving power can be obtained. Depending on the type of load, the life of the load may be shortened when a voltage exceeding 100 V is applied. However, by appropriately setting the set values according to the present invention, the life of the load can be extended. . Further, in the conventional power saving device for reducing the voltage of the AC power supply, the power saving device had to be removed when the input voltage was reduced. However, in the present invention, as long as the phase control is within 90 °, the AC power supply Since the peak value does not decrease, it is not necessary to remove the power saving device.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, a commercial AC power source is connected to the input terminal IN as an input to the thyristor control unit 100. The thyristor control unit 100 controls the phase of the commercial AC power supply as will be described later, and the output after control is output from the output terminal OUT. The voltage across the output side of the thyristor controller 100 is supplied to the rectifier circuit 110. The rectifier circuit 110 is a voltage detection circuit that obtains a DC detection voltage corresponding to the voltage applied to the load by rectifying and smoothing the AC current on the output side. The comparison circuit 120 and the setting unit 130 are connected to the output side of the rectifier circuit 110. The setting unit 130 divides the detection voltage to set the voltage in a plurality of stages, for example, equivalent to 100V, equivalent to 97.5V, and equivalent to 95V. Here, “corresponding to 100 V” means that control is performed such that an AC voltage having an effective voltage of 100 V is consumed in the same manner as in a state in which the load is applied without performing phase control. The comparison circuit 120 compares the set voltage obtained by the setting unit 130 with a reference voltage to obtain an error signal, and its output is given to the variable resistance circuit 140. The variable resistance circuit 140 obtains a resistance value corresponding to the output of the comparison circuit 120, and the output is given to the trigger pulse generation circuit 150. The trigger pulse generation circuit 150 is supplied with power from both ends of the thyristor of the thyristor control unit 100. The trigger pulse generation circuit 150 generates a trigger pulse having a phase corresponding to the resistance value set by the variable resistance circuit 140 and applies it to the thyristor control unit 100 to control the phase of the AC power source. 140 and the trigger pulse generating unit are configured.

  Next, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are circuit diagrams further embodying the power saving device according to this embodiment, which will be described below with reference to these drawings. As shown in FIG. 3, the thyristor control unit 100 is connected to input terminals SI and RI and output terminals SO and RO, and a triac 101 is provided therebetween. A series connection body of a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1 is connected between the anode and the cathode terminal of the triac 101. In addition, a switch S11 is connected in parallel to this, and a switch S12 is further connected in series to the triac 101. The switches S11 and S12 are interlocked, and one of the switches is always on. The switch S11 is turned on when the power saving device is not used or when power is directly supplied from the input terminal to the output terminal at the time of failure. The switch S12 is turned on when operating this power saving device.

  Next, in FIG. 2, the rectifier circuit 110 is provided with a transformer 11 to which a voltage across the output terminal is supplied and a diode bridge 112 on the output side thereof. The transformer 111 reduces the input voltage as appropriate, and its output is full-wave rectified by the diode bridge 112. Further, a smoothing circuit comprising a resistor R2 and a capacitor C2 is connected.

  Next, the comparison circuit 120 is provided with a differential amplifier circuit of transistors Q1 and Q2, a resistor R3 for obtaining a reference voltage from the output of the rectifier circuit 110, and a Zener diode Z1. The reference voltage is supplied to the base terminal of the transistor Q1. The emitters of the transistors Q1 and Q2 are commonly connected and grounded via a resistor R4, and the collectors are connected to the power supply terminals via resistors R5 and R6, respectively. The base of the other transistor Q2 is connected to the setting unit 130. In the setting unit 130, resistors R7 and R8 and a variable resistor are connected in series. The variable resistor switches three variable resistors VR1, VR2 and VR3 by the switch S2, and is set to correspond to 100V, 97.5V and 95V, respectively. These settings may be fixed to just equivalent to 100V, or may be set more finely. Instead of the resistors R7, R8 and VR1 to VR3, it is sufficient if the voltage dividing ratio of the resistor voltage dividing circuit is appropriately switched.

  The output of the differential amplifier is connected to Darlington-connected transistors Q3 and Q4 from the variable resistance circuit 140 shown in FIG. A resistor R7 from the power source from the variable resistor circuit 140 is connected to the base of the transistor Q3. The transistors Q3 and Q4 and the peripheral resistors R9 to R11 serve as a load resistance of the trigger pulse generation circuit 150, and constitute a variable resistance circuit 140. Here, the resistor R9 is used to start the first operation. The trigger pulse generation circuit 150 is supplied with power at both ends of the triac 101, and is provided with a bridge circuit 151 for rectifying the trigger pulse, a resistor R12 for limiting its output, and a Zener diode Z2. The voltage across the Zener diode Z2 is applied to the serial connection body on the primary side of the unijunction transistor Q5 and the pulse transformer 152. The uni-junction transistor Q5 generates a trigger pulse by the time constant of the resistor and the capacitor C4, and the pulse oscillation output is given to the gate terminal of the triac 101 through the pulse transformer 152, the diode D1, and the resistor R13.

  The operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to waveform diagrams. First, it is assumed that the setting unit 130 is set to a voltage equivalent to 100V, for example. FIG. 4A shows the voltage waveform of the commercial AC power applied to the input terminal S1R1. In this case, it is assumed that the input voltage is slightly larger than 100V, for example, has an effective value of 105V. Therefore, the peak value is ± 148.5V. In this case, phase control is performed by the triac 101, and a voltage as shown in FIG. 4B is applied to the load. FIG. 4C shows the voltage across the triac. The voltage at both ends of the load is transformed, rectified and smoothed by the rectifier circuit 110, and a DC detection voltage corresponding to the input power is obtained. The setting unit 130 divides this voltage to obtain a set voltage. Then, by comparing with the comparison circuit 120, the output corresponding to the difference from the reference voltage becomes the resistance value. When the gate voltage of the unijunction transistor Q5 rises to a certain level with this resistance value as a time constant, the trigger pulse generation circuit 150 generates a trigger pulse as shown in FIG. By this trigger pulse, a gate signal is applied to the triac 101 via the pulse transformer 152, and the triac 101 becomes conductive. Such an operation is repeated every half cycle of alternating current, and phase control is performed. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4C, a voltage from 0 V of the commercial AC power source to the time when the trigger pulse is applied is obtained at both ends of the triac 101.

  If the input voltage is 100 V or less, the commercial AC power supply is directly applied to the load as shown in FIGS. 5A to 5D, and phase control by the triac 101 is lost. As the input voltage exceeds 100V, the flow angle gradually decreases with increasing voltage, and phase control is performed. Below 100V, the input voltage is directly applied to the load.

  FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship of power consumption to input voltage. In this case, a silica bulb is used as a standard load, and the illuminance at a predetermined position is measured from the bulb. In this figure, a curve N indicates a normal state where no power saving device is used. Curve A shows the case where the power saving device according to the present embodiment is used and the setting unit 130 corresponds to 100 V, curve B corresponds to 97.5 V, and curve C corresponds to 95 V. As is clear from this figure, by using the power saving device according to the present embodiment, even if the input voltage rises, the power supplied to the load is clipped. It is shown that the load level is almost constant regardless of the input voltage even when the voltage exceeds 100V. Even when the setting unit 130 is set to correspond to 97.5V or 95V, similarly, the power supplied to the load is clipped at a lower level than the case of 100V, and the load level becomes substantially constant.

  This limits the power applied to the load when the input voltage exceeds a specified value, thereby saving power consumption. Moreover, if the silica bulb as a load is used at a voltage of 100 V or more, its life is shortened. Therefore, it is possible to extend the life of a light bulb or the like by limiting the power.

  In this embodiment, the setting unit 130 sets the voltage in a plurality of stages. However, for example, the voltage may be set only to 100V. In the present embodiment, a Darlington-connected transistor is used for the variable resistance circuit 140, but a single transistor may be used.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the power saving apparatus by embodiment of this invention. It is the circuit diagram (the 1) of the power saving apparatus by this Embodiment. It is a circuit diagram (the 2) of the power saving apparatus by this Embodiment. It is a wave form diagram (the 1) which shows operation | movement of this Embodiment. It is a wave form diagram (the 2) which shows operation | movement of this Embodiment. It is a graph which shows the power consumption in the load with respect to the effective value of the input voltage of this Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Thyristor control part 110 Rectifier circuit 120 Comparison circuit 130 Setting part 140 Variable resistance circuit 150 Trigger pulse generation circuit 101 Triac 111 transformer 112,151 Diode bridge 152 Pulse transformer

Claims (3)

A thyristor control unit that is connected between an input end of a commercial AC power supply and a load and performs phase control;
A voltage detection circuit for obtaining a detection voltage corresponding to the power applied to the load;
A setting unit that divides the voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit and arbitrarily sets an AC voltage level applied to the load;
A comparison circuit that compares the set voltage obtained from the setting unit with a reference voltage and outputs the voltage difference;
A power-saving device, comprising: a trigger pulse generation unit that generates a trigger pulse at a timing according to a voltage difference obtained from the comparison circuit and applies the trigger pulse to the thyristor control unit. The trigger pulse generator is
A variable resistance circuit for obtaining a resistance value corresponding to a voltage difference obtained from the comparison circuit;
2. A trigger pulse generation circuit that receives a voltage across the thyristor control unit, generates a trigger pulse determined by a resistance value obtained from the variable resistance circuit, and applies the trigger pulse to the thyristor control unit. Power saving device.   The power saving apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the thyristor control unit uses a triac.

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