JP2007016584A - Reinforced earth method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reinforced earth method which uses as banking a self-hardenable plastic gel mainly composed of incinerated ash, coal ash, excavated soil at the site which are obtained as industrial wastes. <P>SOLUTION: The reinforced earth method is carried out by alternately repeating a step for allowing wall surface blocks 2 to accumulate in a plurality of layers, a process for filling the self-hardenable plastic gel on the back surface side of the wall surface blocks 2 as the banking 3, and a step for laying a plurality of banking reinforcing materials 4 on the back surface side of the wall surface blocks 2. The wall surface block is formed into a self-support shape. The height of one accumulation of the wall surface blocks 2 is limited to a level enough to endure soil pressure generated by amount of one filling of soil for the banking 3. The amount of one filling of the soil for the banking 3 is limited to a level to show the height of one accumulation of the wall surface blocks 2. The banking reinforcing materials 4 are respectively laid on each banking 3 after each banking 3 is solidified. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention is a fluid self-hardening / plasticity blended with a specific blending ratio of various active ingredients mainly composed of fly ash by-produced in thermal power plants and the like, incineration ash of industrial waste, and earth and sand. It is related with the reinforced earth construction method using a gel-like gel as embankment.

  Structures with embankments constructed as retaining walls facing roads, residential land, etc. are generally laminated with multiple layers of concrete panels and blocks as wall materials to form wall surfaces, and on-site excavation soil etc. Is filled with a plurality of layers of a reinforcing material such as a geotextile or a steel strip for the purpose of stabilizing the embankment and fixing the wall material.

  In particular, a reinforced earth method using a fluid embankment mainly composed of sand or on-site excavated soil is also known.

JP 2002-242186 A JP 56-16730 A

  However, when the local excavated soil is used as the embankment, the embankment is carefully crushed during construction, but with the passage of years, it does not escape subsidence, movement, runoff, etc. Or there was a possibility that it could easily collapse at the time of an earthquake, and there was a big problem in durability and earthquake resistance.

  In particular, if it is difficult to excavate an existing embankment slope in order to lay embankment reinforcement of the required length under construction conditions such as narrow terrain or slopes, reinforced soil on soft ground or sloped ground In order to construct a structure, it was difficult to construct a reinforced earth method even when the bearing capacity was insufficient.

  In addition, when fluid lightweight mortar mixed with cement, aggregate, and foam is used as embankment, the wall material is uneven even though the entire weight acts on the wall until the embankment solidifies. Since the joint surfaces are merely meshed and laminated, it is necessary to use special temporary materials such as support materials and formwork to fix the wall material until the embankment solidifies, and so on. However, there is a problem that solidification of the embankment takes time and the construction period cannot be extended.

  In addition, a method has been proposed in which a reinforcing material is connected to the inside of the wall material and the mortar described above is filled in as an embankment, but it takes time to harden the embankment, and the reinforcing material does not work effectively during that time, It was necessary to reinforce the wall material separately until the embankment hardened.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and in particular, by applying the flow characteristics and consolidation characteristics of self-hardening and plastic gels, the construction period can be shortened, construction costs can be reduced, and topographical conditions and ground The purpose is to provide a reinforced earth method with excellent stability and workability despite the poor construction.

  The present invention focuses on the use of self-hardening / plastic gel as embankment, that is, silica-based non-curable powder (F material), calcium-based curing material (C material) and water (W Material), or the self-hardening / plastic gel produced by adding a fluidity adjusting material (A material) to these F material, C material, and W material will flow if force is applied, but force must be applied. It becomes a gel and solidifies over time without flowing.

  Since the self-hardening / plastic gel keeps plasticity for several hours, if the filling operation is completed within the time to hold the plasticity, a load (self-weight) is applied during the filling operation. It spreads horizontally to form an embankment layer, dehydrates over time or due to its own weight corresponding to its layer pressure, rapidly loses fluidity and solidifies and becomes self-supporting. Therefore, the lateral pressure applied to the wall surface is rapidly reduced to zero and exhibits a gel shape, so that it is difficult to leak from the joints on the wall surface.

  In addition, the self-hardening / plastic gel is the above-mentioned F material, C material, W material, or by using the A material or the bubble material (B material), and the fluidity and flow changes such as flow and slap. Can be adjusted.

  In addition, the fluidity of self-hardening / plastic gel is manifested by flow and slump, but flow and slump change over time. As a result, it will be used.

  Therefore, the time to reach the plastic gel (gelation time), the time to retain the plastic gel (plasticity retention time), and the time to solidify without plasticity (solidification time) are practically important. I found out that

  The present invention adds incineration ash obtained by incineration of industrial waste such as fly ash (coal ash) and blast furnace slag obtained in large quantities as by-products in thermal power plants and the like, or excavated sediment, and clay and silt, etc. The main component is a non-curable silica-based powder, and a calcium-based curing agent such as cement, lime, or gypsum is added to it, and these active ingredients have fluidity and coagulation as a desired plastic gel. This is a reinforced earth method that uses a self-hardening / plastic gel produced by mixing at a specific blending ratio and mixing in a plant or mixer truck, etc., as an embankment, aiming for ease of construction and economy In addition, by-products and industrial waste can be used effectively.

  The reinforced earth method according to claim 1 includes alternately placing a wall material on the ground, laying a bank reinforcement on the back side of the wall material, and filling a bank on the back side of the wall material. In the reinforced earth method, the self-hardening / plastic state is composed of silica-based non-curable powder (F material), calcium-based powder hardening material (C material) and water (W material) as the embankment. It is characterized by filling a gel.

  For example, silica-based non-hardening powders such as fly ash (coal ash), slag, incineration ash, clay, earth and sand, silica sand, calcium-based powder hardening material such as cement, lime, gypsum and water are active ingredients. When using a self-hardening / plastic gel produced by blending these in an appropriate amount as embankment, the self-hardening / plastic gel has a specific gravity of 2.0 or less by mixing the above-mentioned compounding material in a plant or a mixer truck. It can be manufactured in the form of a slurry and can be filled very efficiently with a pump truck etc. on the back side of the wall material or laminated wall material, and the filled self-hardening / plastic gel is gradually Solidify to reach a predetermined strength.

The strength of the self-hardening / plastic gel in this case is not required to be high, but the initial compressive strength after solidification should be about 0.5 to 1.0 Kgf / cm ^2. Since the embankment reinforcement material is laid on the top, it is sufficient if it is hard enough to walk on the top.

  Moreover, as incineration ash, for example, ash generated by incineration of combustible materials such as raw garbage, wood waste, paper waste, etc., which was finally disposed of as industrial waste can be used, and industrial waste can be reused. Can do.

  Moreover, the specific gravity can be reduced to 1.0 or less by adding a bubble generating agent such as a bubble material or aluminum powder as necessary. Furthermore, the solidification speed can be adjusted by adding a solidification promoting material or a solidification delay material according to the construction situation.

  In addition, the self-hardening / plastic gel can have other specific components as active ingredients as necessary, and the ratio of cured material, water powder ratio, and other active ingredient ratios within a specific range. By defining, it is a self-hardening / plasticizing solidified material that solidifies through a desired plastic state that flows when an external force is applied, but does not flow as it is when it becomes a gel.

  Here, the cured material ratio is C / (F + C) × 100 (%), and the water powder ratio is W / (F + C) × 100 (%). , W represents the weight of fly ash, cement, and water, respectively.

  As other specific components, there are slaked lime, gypsum, bentonite, slag, foaming agent, aluminum powder, sulfate band (aluminum sulfate, solidification promoter), etc., for example, sulfate band is a gelation accelerator, When added to a flowable mortar composed of ash and mortar, it rapidly gels and can be immediately plasticized. However, if the amount added is large, the expression of long-term strength tends to decrease, so 0.1 to 1.0% is appropriate.

  Cement is a hardened material and a fly ash plasticizer. Fly ash alone does not gel and does not become a self-hardening / plastic solidifying material, but it causes a pozzolanic reaction by mixing cement to obtain consolidation strength.

  However, as the amount of cement increases, the properties as a plastic grout deteriorate. When the blending amount of cement exceeds 50%, the plastic holding time is shortened, the breathing rate is increased, the time until plasticizing is shortened, and the fluidity and workability are lowered.

  Accordingly, the blending amount of the cement is less than 50%, preferably 20% or less, more preferably 10% or less, so that the plastic holding time is long, the breathing rate and the initial viscosity are both low, fluidity and workability. Both are good.

  Moreover, since the breathing rate can be lowered, settlement after solidification can be minimized. In this case, ordinary Portland cement can be used as the cement.

  On the other hand, when the water powder ratio is less than 30%, the viscosity after blending is extremely high, and the fluidity and workability in the pump injection tube become difficult. In general, as the water-powder ratio decreases, both the gel time and the plastic holding time are shorter, the breathing rate is lower, the viscosity is higher, and the strength is higher. In general, the water / powder ratio is suitably 30 to 130%, preferably 30 to 70%, more preferably 35 to 50% in view of workability. If it exceeds this, since it takes time to become plastic, the breathing rate increases, and the settlement after solidification also increases.

  The reinforced earth method according to claim 2 is the reinforced earth method according to claim 1, wherein the wall material is laminated in a plurality of layers, and a single stacking height of the wall material withstands a lateral pressure due to a single filling amount of the embankment. The height is obtained.

  The reinforced earth method according to claim 3 is the reinforced earth method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a single filling height of the embankment is set to a height at which the wall material can withstand a lateral pressure due to the one filling amount of the embankment. The embankment reinforcement is laid on an embankment layer formed by one or more fillings of the embankment.

  In the inventions according to claims 2 and 3, the height of the wall surface material once (one step) is set to a height that can sufficiently withstand the lateral pressure due to the filling amount of one time (one step) of the self-hardening / plastic gel. Thus, the supporting material for temporarily fixing the wall surface material, which has been necessary until the self-hardening / plastic gel is solidified, can be omitted at all.

  In addition, the embankment reinforcement material is simply placed and laid on the self-hardening / plastic gel of each layer after the self-hardening / plastic gel has solidified, thereby avoiding the complexity of on-site construction and saving labor for on-site construction. And shortening the construction period can be achieved.

  Note that the single stacking height of the wall material varies depending on the size of the wall material (mainly the height) and the side pressure acting until the filled self-hardening / plastic gel is solidified. 3 to 4 steps or less and 1 m or less are appropriate.

  In any of the inventions, the wall material may be a concrete panel, a concrete block, a steel panel, or the like, as long as it can hold the self-hardening / plastic gel immediately after filling without leaking. Can be used without receiving.

  Therefore, for example, even a wire mesh can be used by making a device such as installing a sheet material or a sandbag inside.

  For example, in the case of a concrete block, it can stand by itself, and its size is generally 20 to 150 cm in height h, 30 to 100 cm in width w, and 30 to 100 cm in depth in consideration of ease of handling such as transportation and workability. It is preferable that d has a size of about 20 to 60 cm and a weight of about 20 to 150 kg.

  Further, as the embankment reinforcing material, a rod-shaped steel material, a strip-shaped steel material, a wire mesh, a reinforcing bar grid, or the like can be used. Moreover, the steel frame assembled in the state which became independent on the back side of the laminated wall surface material may be sufficient.

  In addition, in the construction, when the process of laminating the wall material in a plurality of layers, the step of filling the back side of the wall surface material and the step of laying the embankment reinforcing material on the back side of the wall surface material as one cycle, Carry out the steps of laminating the wall material in multiple layers and filling the back side of the wall material with self-hardening / plastic gel during the day until the start of the next day work・ The curing time until the plastic gel solidifies to the initial strength is set, the work starts the next day, and the embankment reinforcement material is laid on the solidified and hardened plastic gel, and then the second step is started. By doing so, a series of operations can be performed most efficiently without waste.

  The reinforced earth method according to claim 4 is the reinforced earth method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wall surface material is a temporary wall surface material, and the laying of the embankment reinforcing material and the filling of the embankment are completed, A wall surface material for a formwork is installed on the front surface of the wall material for temporary construction, and a wall surface is constructed by placing concrete between the surface material for the formwork wall and the wall material for temporary construction. .

  In the case of the present invention, it is possible to construct a reinforced soil wall surface with better seismic resistance by placing concrete between the temporary wall material and the formwork wall material to form a wall surface of the concrete structure. As the wall material for the formwork, a normal concrete formwork made of plywood or the like may be used, and may be removed after the concrete is cured, or the same material as the temporary wall material (wall material) may be used and integrated with the concrete. May be. Further, reinforcing bars may be arranged as necessary.

  The reinforced earth method according to claim 5 is the reinforced earth method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the silica-based non-curable powder is made of fly ash, slag, incinerated ash, clay, earth and sand, and katsura sand. One or more kinds as active ingredients, and self-hardening / plastic gel with one or more kinds selected from the group consisting of cement, lime, gypsum and slag as the active ingredient of calcium-based powder hardening is used as embankment It is characterized by filling.

  The reinforced earth method according to claim 6 is the self-hardening method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the hardening developing material is 1 to 40% by weight and the water powder ratio is 20 to 100% by weight. -It is characterized by filling plastic gel as embankment. However, the ratio of hardening expression = C / (F + C) × 100 (%), the ratio of water powder = W / (F + C) × 100 (%), and F, C, and W all indicate weight.

  The reinforced earth method according to claim 7 is the self-hardening method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the ratio of cured material is 1 to 20% and the water powder ratio is 30 to 70% by weight. -It is characterized by using plastic gel as embankment. However, the ratio of hardening expression = C / (F + C) × 100 (%), the ratio of water powder = W / (F + C) × 100 (%), and F, C, and W all indicate weight.

  The reinforced earth method according to claim 8 is the reinforced earth method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the table flow at the time of filling is 12 cm or more and / or the slump is 15 cm or more or / and the flow by the cylinder is from 8 cm. It is characterized in that it is filled with a self-hardening / plastic gel that becomes a plastic gel before or during filling on the back surface of the wall surface material or the like as embankment.

The table flow shown here is based on a flow test (JIS R 5201), and after removing the flow cone, the grout is subjected to 5 drop motions for 15 seconds and the spread is measured. The slump and cylinder flow measures the spread of the grout after removing the slump cone and cylinder based on the slump test (JIS A1101) and the consistency test (JHS A313), respectively.
The reinforced earth method according to claim 9 is the reinforced earth method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a gelation accelerator, a gelation retarder, a thickener, a water retention material, a peptizer, a foaming agent, Fluidity modifier in aluminum powder, clay, fluidity modifier such as fluidizer, or self-hardening / plastic gel containing plural additives as additive, F material, C material and water mixture It is characterized by filling a self-hardening / plastic gel formed by merging or a self-hardening / plastic gel obtained by further joining a fluidity adjusting material into the self-hardening / plastic gel. .

  Aluminum powder has the merit of increasing the volume by generating hydrogen gas (bubbles) in response to alkali such as cement, and thus has the effect of reducing weight, but fly ash also contains alkali. Therefore, the amount of aluminum powder added should be determined with respect to the total amount of cement and fly ash.

  Moreover, by blending the foam material, the earth pressure can be reduced by reducing the self-hardening / plastic gel. Moreover, in the construction, the fluidity of the solidified material as a self-hardening / plastic gel is increased, and the solidified material can be reliably filled to every corner.

Reinforcing earthwork method of claim 10, wherein, in the reinforcing earthwork method according to any one of claims 1-9, an aluminum salt aluminum ratio 0.1 to 3.0% (in terms _{of Al} 2 _{O 3} as additive 0.01 to 0.52%) or / and water glass filled with self-hardening / plastic gel containing silica concentration (SiO ₂ conversion) of 0.2 to 7.0% by weight as embankment It is.

  Here, the aluminum ratio = A / (F + C) × 100%, where the concentration of water glass indicates the weight percentage in the embankment, and A indicates the weight of the aluminum salt.

  In addition, when using water glass having a molar ratio of No. 3 water glass or more in order to plasticize and consolidate the self-hardening / plastic gel, the silica concentration may be 1.6 to 3.5%. When using low molar ratio water glass, 3.5 to 7.5% is preferable. That is, the amount of water glass used is preferably 1.6 to 7.5%.

  The reinforced earth method according to claim 11 is characterized in that, in the reinforced earth method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, clay, silt, and a polymer thickener are included as a fluidizing material. .

  The reinforced earth method according to claim 12 is a self-hardening method comprising the reinforcing earth method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein 0.5 to 1.5% of a bubble generating agent is blended in a weight ratio with respect to the hardening developing material. -It is characterized by filling plastic gel as embankment. The bubble generating agent is preferably blended in an amount of 0.5 to 1.5% by weight with respect to the curing developing material.

  The reinforced earth method according to claim 13 is characterized in that, in the reinforced earth method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, each joint portion between wall materials is filled with an impermeable joint material. .

  By filling each joint between the wall materials with a water-impermeable joint material, the self-hardening / plastic gel is dehydrated after filling, leaks out from the joints of the wall material, and adheres to the wall surface to impair the aesthetics of the wall surface. In addition, it is possible to prevent adverse effects such as embedding compaction compression, excessive stress in the embankment reinforcing material, or deformation of the embankment.

  In this case, as the water-impermeable joint material, for example, synthetic resin-like putty, water-impermeable adhesive tape, synthetic resin-like seal, mortar, quick setting mortar, water expansion (or water swelling) rubber, water expansion (Or water swelling) fibers.

  The reinforced earth method according to claim 14 is the reinforced earth method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein one end of the embankment reinforcing material is fixed to the wall surface material and the other end is fixed to the ground. It is a thing and can fix a wall surface material reliably.

  The reinforced earth method according to claim 15 is the reinforced earth method according to claim 14, wherein the other end of the embankment reinforcing material is fixed to a net attached to a natural ground. As the net in this case, a wire mesh, a reinforcing bar grid, a lattice reinforcing bar, or the like can be used.

  The reinforced earth method according to claim 16 is the reinforced earth method according to claim 15, characterized in that the net is fixed to a natural ground with an anchor member. In this case, it is desirable to reinforce the natural ground in advance by the nailing method (natural ground reinforcement method), especially when the natural ground itself needs to be stabilized, such as in a digging slope or a natural slope. In this case, as a nailing method, for example, an earth nailing method in which a steel or FRP reinforcing bolt is placed on the ground to reinforce the ground, or a plurality of steel rods called nails are installed in the ground at regular intervals. Thus, it is possible to use a soil nailing method that forms a reinforced earth block in the ground and reinforces the natural ground.

  The present invention makes it possible to construct a reinforced earth structure such as a retaining wall by using self-hardening / plastic gel for embankment, and also by using by-products and industrial waste as embankment. It can also contribute to reduction and resolution of environmental problems.

  1 to 4 show an example of a reinforced soil structure constructed using a self-hardening / plastic gel mainly composed of fly ash or the like as embankment, and in the drawings, on the foundation 1 constructed on the ground. A plurality of wall surface blocks 2 are laminated as a wall surface material, the back side thereof is filled with the embankment 3, and the embankment reinforcing material 4 is laid in a plurality of layers in the embankment 3.

  The wall surface block 2 is made of unreinforced concrete, reinforced concrete, or fiber reinforced concrete, and is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped block shape that can stand in a stable state.

  In addition, uneven portions (not shown) are formed on the upper side surface and the lower side surface of each wall block 2 so that the upper and lower wall blocks 2 do not cause a lateral shift or the like when the upper and lower wall blocks 2 are engaged with each other in the stacked state. Has been.

  In particular, a fixing groove 2a in which the one end side 4a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is fixed is continuously formed in the wall surface direction on the upper side surface of each wall block 2 to which the one end side 4a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is fixed. ing.

  Furthermore, as a measure for preventing leakage of the embankment 3 before solidification, uneven portions (not shown) that engage with each other are formed on both end surfaces in the long side direction of each wall block 2.

  Filling 3 is mainly composed of coal ash (fly ash) or incineration ash obtained as industrial waste in thermal power plants, etc., or on-site excavated soil, slime, etc., and a suitable amount of cement and other solidification materials and water However, a self-hardening / plastic gel produced in a slurry state with a specific gravity of 2.0 or less by mixing them with a plant or a mixer truck is used.

The embankment 3 in this case is not particularly required to have a tensile strength, but has an initial compressive strength after solidification (when 1 day has elapsed) of about 0.5 to 1.0 kgf / cm ² .

  For incineration ash, for example, ash generated by incineration of combustible materials such as raw garbage, wood waste, paper waste, etc., which was finally disposed of as industrial waste, is used, and by adding foaming material as necessary The weight is reduced to a specific gravity of 1.0 or less.

  In addition to the embankment 3, fly ash, cement and water were used as active ingredients, and the cement ratio was 50% by weight or less and the water powder ratio was 30 to 70% by weight. Self-hardening / plastic gel is used.

  In this case, the self-hardening / plastic gel may be blended with other active ingredients as necessary, and the cured powder ratio, water powder ratio, and other ingredient blending ratios are set to specific ranges to form a gel. When it becomes, it does not flow as it is, but when an external force is applied, it flows and solidifies through a plastic state.

  The embankment reinforcing material 4 is formed of a strip-shaped steel material or a rod-shaped steel material such as a reinforcing bar, and one end side 4 a thereof is fixed to the wall surface block 2. As a method of fixing one end side 4a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 to the wall block 2, for example, as shown in the figure, the one end side 4a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is formed in a T shape or an L shape to form a hook-shaped fixing portion. A method of inserting the fixing portion (one end side 4a) into a fixing groove 2a formed at the upper end portion of the wall block 2 can be considered.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2B, the fixing portion (one end side 4 a) may be inserted into a fixing ring 2 b that protrudes from the back surface portion of the wall surface block 2. Furthermore, a method of simply sandwiching the one end side 4a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 between the stacked upper and lower wall surface blocks 2 and 2 may be used.

  However, in any case, the plurality of wall surface blocks 2 can be obtained by continuously inserting and fixing the one end side 4a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 into the fixing grooves 2a or ring rings 2b of the plurality of wall surface blocks 2 adjacent in the lateral direction. Can be fixed integrally.

  On the other hand, the other end side 4b of each embankment reinforcing member 4 is separately attached with a bearing anchor 5 composed of an anchor portion or a plate formed by bending the end portion into a triangular shape. Moreover, as shown in the example of FIG.

  In this case, a shape steel such as a grooved steel is attached to the natural ground 6 as a retaining beam 7 by a plurality of anchor bolts 8, and the other end side 4 b of the embankment reinforcement 4 is attached to the retaining beam 7 with the fixing plate 9 and the fixing nut 10. Has been fixed by.

  FIG. 3C shows a case where a net 14 such as a wire mesh is attached to the ground 6 and the other end side 4b of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is fixed to the net 14. In this case, the embankment reinforcing material 4 is used. The other end 4b of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is connected to the ground 6 by forming a hook (not shown) by bending the end at the other end, and hooking the hook on the net 14 to fix the hook. It becomes possible to fix at any position, and construction becomes very easy.

  Further, even if the other end side 4b of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is simply hooked on the net 14, the other end side of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is caused by the solidification action of the embankment (self-hardening / plastic gel) 3 filled later. 4b has the same effect as firmly fixed on the net 14.

  In addition, the net 14 is fixed to the natural ground with an anchor member such as an anchor bolt 8, but when the natural ground itself needs to be stabilized due to excavation slopes or natural slopes, a plurality of steel rods called nails are used. It is preferable to reinforce a natural ground in advance by a soil nailing method or the like that forms a reinforced earth mass in the ground.

  FIG. 4 shows another example of the embankment reinforcing material 4, and FIG. 4 (a) shows that one long strip-shaped steel material is bent into a U-shape, and the U-shaped portion serves as an anchor portion on the other end side 4 b. The opposite side is a fixing portion on one end side 4a fixed to the wall block 2.

  4 (b), in particular, two long strip steel materials are extended in parallel, and a U-shaped strip steel material 11 is attached between the other end sides 4b and 4b, and the other end side 4b is attached. It is an anchor part. Furthermore, FIG.4 (c) shows the mesh-shaped embankment reinforcement which consists of a wire mesh or a reinforcing steel grid.

  Next, the reinforced earth method according to the present invention will be described in order based on FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (f).

  First, the concrete foundation 1 is created on the ground. The foundation 1 in this case is constructed by cast-in-place concrete or a precast concrete block formed for the foundation.

  Next, the wall surface block 2 is laminated on the concrete foundation 1 in a plurality of layers. When the wall surface blocks 2 are laminated, the upper and lower concavo-convex portions are laminated while being surely engaged so that the wall surface blocks 2 are not displaced after lamination. The stacking height of the wall surface blocks 2 stacked in one operation is set to a height that can sufficiently withstand the lateral pressure of the embankment 3 filled in one operation later. Although it varies depending on the size of the wall block 2, it is usually about 3 to 4 steps and within 1 m in height.

  Next, the embankment 3 is filled to the substantially upper end of the uppermost wall block 2 on the back side of the stacked wall block 2. A concrete pump is used for filling the embankment 3. And it cures enough until the embankment 3 solidifies.

  Next, when the embankment 3 is solidified to such an extent that it can be walked thereon, the embankment reinforcing material 4 is laid on the solidified embankment 3, and one end side 4 a thereof is fixed to the wall block 2.

  Next, when a plurality of wall surface blocks 2 are newly laminated in a plurality of layers on the uppermost wall surface block 2 and filled with the embankment 3 on the back side, and the embankment 3 is solidified to a certain strength. The embankment reinforcement 4 is laid on it. Hereinafter, a reinforced soil structure of a necessary scale can be constructed by repeating these operations.

  6 (a) and 6 (b) show another example of a reinforced earth structure. In particular, the wall block 12 has a surface flange 12a, a back flange 12b and a web 12c as shown in the figure, and is made of unreinforced concrete. Further, it is integrally formed in a substantially H-shaped (or I-shaped) plane that can be extremely stable and self-supporting from reinforced concrete or fiber reinforced concrete mixed with reinforcing fibers such as carbon fibers.

  A fixing groove 12d is formed at each upper end of the front flange 12a, the back flange 12b, and the web 12c. The fixing groove 12d is continuous in the longitudinal direction at the upper end of the front flange 12a and the web 12c. Further, the upper end portion of the back flange 12b is continuous in the width direction, and the fixing grooves 12d of the respective portions are formed continuously with each other, and the protrusion 12e is formed on the upper end portion of the web 1c.

  The wall surface block 12 formed in this way is a so-called “blurred joint” in which the vertical joints between the surface flanges 12a, 12a of the wall surface blocks 12 adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction are alternately shifted left and right without being continuous in the vertical direction. It is laminated so that

  Accordingly, the protrusion 12e of the wall block 12 at each step is fitted into the cavity 13 between the adjacent wall blocks 12, 12 of the upper step so that the wall blocks 12 adjacent in the vertical and horizontal directions are The protrusion 12e of each wall block 12 and the cavity 13 are engaged with each other by interlocking.

  The cavity 13 described above is formed of both the surface flange 12a, the back flange 12b, and the web 12c between the wall surface blocks 12 and 12 adjacent to each other in the lateral direction of each step. Is filled.

  In addition, when the wall blocks 12 are stacked so that the vertical joints between the wall blocks 12 and 12 adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction are continuous in the vertical direction, the so-called “knot joints” are used. As shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C, the blocks 12 are engaged with each other by interlocking in which projections 12e and recesses 12f formed on the upper and lower ends of the web 12c are fitted to each other. ing.

  Further, one end side 4a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 is inserted and fixed continuously in the fixing grooves 12d of the wall block 12 of 2 to 3 or more adjacent in the lateral direction. Since the plurality of wall blocks 12 that are adjacent in the horizontal direction can be integrally fixed by the embankment reinforcing material 4, it is extremely economical and the workability is remarkably improved.

  7 (a) to 7 (h) show other examples of wall blocks, each having a front flange 12a, a rear flange 12b, and a web 12c, particularly in FIGS. (A) and (b). The wall surface block 12 shown in the figure has a connecting key 12g made of a reinforcing bar, stud bolt or the like on the upper end surface portion of the surface flange 12a, and a key hole 12h into which the connecting key 12g can be inserted in the lower end surface portion of the surface flange 12a. Have.

  Then, the upper and lower retaining wall blocks 12 are engaged with each other by interlocking in which the connecting key 12g and the key hole 12h of the upper and lower wall surface blocks 12, 12 are engaged (the connecting key 12g is inserted into the key hole 12h). They are in agreement.

  Further, the wall surface block 12 shown in FIG. 3C has a connecting groove 12i in the longitudinal direction of the surface flange 12a, particularly at the upper end of the surface flange 12a. And the connecting groove 14i of the wall surface block 12 adjacent in the horizontal direction of the stacked steps is continuous, and the connecting rod 14 is continuously inserted between the continuous connecting grooves 12i. The plurality of wall surface blocks 12 adjacent to each other are joined to each other. Further, the one end side 4 a of the embankment reinforcing material 4 can be fixed to the connecting rod 14.

  Moreover, the wall surface block 12 illustrated in FIG. 4D has a protruding portion 12j and a recessed portion 12k that are continuous in the longitudinal direction of the surface flange 12a, particularly at the upper end and the lower end of the surface flange 12a. Then, the upper and lower wall surface blocks 12 are engaged with each other by the protrusions 12j and the recessed portions 12k of the stacked upper and lower wall surface blocks 12 and 12 being engaged with each other.

  Further, the wall block 12 shown in FIG. 4E has an opening 12m that penetrates downward in the web 12c in particular, thereby reducing the weight and saving the material. By filling the embankment 3, it is possible to increase the shear resistance between the upper and lower wall blocks 12, 12 and prevent the deformation of the wall body A due to earth pressure.

  Further, the wall block 12 shown in FIG. (F) is formed of a surface flange 12a and a plurality of webs 12c, 12c projecting in parallel on the back side thereof, and particularly an opening formed between the webs 12c, 12c. Filling the bank 12 with the bank 3 can be integrated with the bank 3.

  Moreover, the wall surface block 12 illustrated in (g) is formed in a plane T shape from a surface flange 12a and a web 12c projecting on the back side thereof. Furthermore, the wall surface block 12 illustrated in FIG. (H) has a concave portion 12p for planting formed at the upper end portion of the surface flange 12a, so that the wall surface can be greened.

  The present invention can construct a reinforced earth structure such as a retaining wall very efficiently, and also contributes to cost reduction and solution of environmental problems by utilizing by-products and industrial waste as embankment. be able to.

An example of a reinforced soil structure is shown, (a) is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, (b) is a perspective view showing an example of a wall block and an embankment reinforcement, and (c) is a part of another example of an embankment reinforcement. It is a perspective view. (A), (b) is a partial perspective view which shows the lamination | stacking state of a wall surface block, and the fixing state of a bank reinforcement. An example of a reinforced earth structure is shown, (a), (b) is the longitudinal cross-sectional view, (c) is the A section enlarged view in (a). The other example of a bank reinforcement is shown, (a), (c) is a partial perspective view of a bank reinforcement, (b) is a partial plan view of a bank reinforcement. (A)-(f) is process drawing which shows the construction procedure of a reinforced earth method. (A) is a partial perspective view which shows the other example of a reinforced earth structure, (b), (c) is a perspective view of a wall surface block. (A)-(h) is a perspective view which shows the other example of a wall surface block.

Explanation of symbols

1 Concrete foundation 2 Wall block (wall material)
3 Filling (self-hardening / plastic gel)
4 Filling Reinforcement Material 5 Supporting Anchor 6 Ground Mountain 7 Retaining Beam 8 Anchor Bolt 9 Fixing Plate 10 Fixing Nut 11 Strip Steel 12 Wall Block (Wall Material)
13 Cavity 14 Net

Claims (16)

  In the reinforcing earth construction method in which a wall surface material is installed on the ground, and a step of laying a bank reinforcement on the back side of the wall surface material and a step of filling the bank wall with the back side of the wall material are repeated, Reinforcement characterized by filling self-hardening / plastic gel containing silica-based non-curable powder (F material), calcium-based powder curing material (C material) and water (W material) as active ingredients Earthwork method.   2. The reinforced earth method according to claim 1, wherein the wall material is laminated in a plurality of layers, and a single height of the wall material is set to a height that can withstand a lateral pressure due to a single filling amount of the embankment.   The filling height of the embankment is set to a height at which the wall material can withstand the lateral pressure due to the filling amount of the embankment, and the embankment reinforcement is formed of the embankment layer formed by one or more fillings of the embankment. The reinforced earth method according to claim 1 or 2, which is laid on the top.   The wall material is a temporary wall material, and after the laying of the embankment reinforcing material and the filling of the embankment is completed, the wall surface material for the formwork is installed in front of the temporary wall surface material, and the surface material for the formwork wall The reinforced earth work method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wall surface is constructed by placing concrete between the wall surface materials.   Silica-based non-hardening powder is made up of fly ash, slag, incinerated ash, clay, earth and sand, or multiple types of active ingredients, and calcium-based powder hardening material is cement, lime, gypsum and slag. The reinforcing earthwork method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a self-hardening / plastic gel containing one or more kinds selected from the group as an active ingredient is filled as a fill.   The reinforcement according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a self-hardening / plastic gel having a curing expression material of 1 to 40 wt% and a water powder ratio of 20 to 100 wt% is filled as embankment. Earthwork method. However, the ratio of hardening expression = C / (F + C) × 100 (%), the ratio of water powder = W / (F + C) × 100 (%), and F, C, and W all indicate weight.   The reinforcing soil according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a self-hardening / plastic gel having a hardening developing material ratio of 1 to 20% and a water powder ratio of 30 to 70% by weight is used as embankment. Construction method. However, the ratio of hardening expression = C / (F + C) × 100 (%), the ratio of water powder = W / (F + C) × 100 (%), and F, C, and W all indicate weight.   Self-hardening / plastic gel that has a table flow at the time of filling of 12 cm or more and / or a slump of 15 cm or more and / or a cylinder flow of more than 8 cm, and becomes a plastic gel before or during filling on the back of the wall material. The reinforced earth work method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the reinforced earth is filled as an embankment.   Contains any or more fluidity modifiers such as gelling accelerators, gelling retarders, thickeners, water retention agents, deflocculants, foaming agents, aluminum powder, clay, or fluidizing agents. A self-hardening / plastic gel, a self-hardening / plastic gel made by merging a fluidity adjusting material with a mixture of F material, C material and water, or a self-hardening / plastic gel and a fluidity adjusting material. The reinforced earth work method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a self-hardening / plastic gel formed by joining together is filled as embankment. As an additive, aluminum salt has an aluminum ratio of 0.1 to 3.0% (0.01 to 0.52% in terms of Al ₂ O ₃ ) and / or water glass has a silica concentration (in terms of SiO ₂ ) of 0.2. The reinforcing earthwork method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein self-hardening / plastic gel containing -7.0 wt% is filled as embankment. However, the aluminum ratio = A / (F + C) × 100%, the concentration of water glass refers to the weight% in the embankment, and A indicates the weight of the aluminum salt.   The reinforced earth method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a self-hardening / plastic gel containing clay, silt, and a polymer thickener is filled as a fluidizing material.   The reinforcement according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein a self-hardening / plastic gel blended with 0.5 to 1.5% of a bubble generating agent in a weight ratio with respect to a hardening developing material is filled as embankment. Earthwork method.   The reinforcing earthwork method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein each joint between the wall materials is filled with an impermeable joint material.   The reinforcing earthwork method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein one end of the embankment reinforcing material is fixed to the wall surface material, and the other end is fixed to the ground.   The reinforcing earthwork method according to claim 14, wherein the other end of the embankment reinforcing material is fixed to a net attached to a natural ground.   The reinforcing earth method according to claim 15, wherein the net is fixed to a natural ground by an anchor member.

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