JP2007015477A - Deterioration discrimination device for engine starting storage battery and engine starting storage battery provided with the deterioration discrimination device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To accurately discriminate deterioration of a storage battery by using a voltage pulse at starting of an engine. <P>SOLUTION: The deterioration discrimination device for the engine starting storage battery is provided with a discrimination means having a voltage measurement means for measuring a storage battery voltage at starting of the engine of the engine starting storage battery, detecting a storage battery voltage variation value by the voltage measurement means in the state wherein a starting current at starting of the engine flows, and discriminating deterioration of the storage battery by a degree of variation of the storage battery voltage variation value. An absolute value of difference of a peak value and a bottom value in the storage battery voltage pulse is used as the storage battery voltage variation value. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a storage battery deterioration determination device used for starting an engine such as a vehicle, and an engine start storage battery including the deterioration determination device.

  Lead storage batteries are mainly used as engine starting storage batteries including automobile storage batteries, and power is supplied to auxiliary machines such as cell motors for engine starting and lights. As a method for determining deterioration of an engine starting storage battery, a method based on an open circuit voltage of the storage battery or a discharge voltage at a predetermined load, or a method based on an electrolyte specific gravity (dilute sulfuric acid concentration) is widely used.

  Although these methods can grasp the deterioration state of the lead storage battery to a certain extent, except for open circuit voltage measurement, a dedicated discharge device and specific gravity measuring device are required, and general vehicle owners can easily deteriorate the storage battery. It is difficult to distinguish.

As a method for a general vehicle owner to easily determine the deterioration of the storage battery, Patent Document 1 discloses a state determination device attached to the storage battery to determine the engine start / running (operation) / stop state of the vehicle. The storage battery voltage in each state is used to determine whether the battery is deteriorated or discharged, or the vehicle is abnormal, and the storage battery voltage value at the start of the cell motor at the engine start or the voltage difference between this voltage and the open circuit voltage. State discrimination is shown.
JP 2003-327061 A

  However, in the storage battery state determination device disclosed in Patent Document 1, the engine starting voltage changes due to the influence of charging polarization depending on the state before the engine is started, for example, whether the engine has just been stopped or has elapsed since the stop. Therefore, the state determination accuracy is lowered.

  Also, since the engine starting voltage and the startable storage battery lower limit voltage differ depending on the type of engine, the deterioration of the storage battery can be accurately determined from the storage battery voltage value at the time of starting the cell motor as described above or the voltage difference between this voltage and the open circuit voltage. There was a problem that it was difficult to do.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 has voltage measuring means for measuring a storage battery voltage at the time of starting the engine of the engine starting storage battery, and this voltage measuring means causes the starting current at the time of starting the engine. 1 shows a deterioration determination device for an engine starting storage battery, comprising a determination means for detecting a storage battery voltage fluctuation value in a state where the battery is flowing and determining the deterioration of the storage battery from the degree of change of the storage battery voltage fluctuation value.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the deterioration determination device for an engine starting storage battery according to the first aspect, the voltage difference between the peak value and the bottom value in the pulsation waveform of the storage battery voltage due to the rotation of the cell motor at the time of starting the engine. The storage battery voltage fluctuation value is set from an absolute value.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the deterioration determination device for an engine starting storage battery according to the first aspect, the pulsation waveform of the storage battery voltage due to the rotation of the cell motor at the time of starting the engine is divided and divided. The storage battery voltage fluctuation value is set from the absolute value of the voltage difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the storage battery voltage within a time.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the deterioration determination device for an engine starting storage battery according to the second or third aspect, the sum of the absolute values of the voltage differences within a predetermined measurement time is calculated as the storage battery voltage fluctuation value. It is characterized by that.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an engine starting storage battery comprising the deterioration determining device according to the first, second, third or fourth aspect.

  According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, the degree of increase in the storage battery voltage fluctuation value at the time of starting the engine is detected, and deterioration determination is performed using this, thereby enabling highly accurate deterioration determination.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of a deterioration determination device for an engine starting storage battery according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state in which a deterioration determining device 1 for an engine starting storage battery according to a first embodiment of the present invention is connected to an engine starting storage battery 2 (hereinafter referred to as a storage battery 2) and mounted on a vehicle. . A cell motor 3 for starting an engine (not shown) is connected to the storage battery 2 via a start switch 4.

  The degradation determination device 1 of the present invention has voltage measuring means 11 for measuring a storage battery voltage at the time of engine start of the storage battery 2, and the storage battery in a state where the starting current at the time of engine start flows by the voltage measurement means 11. It has a discriminating means 12 for detecting the voltage fluctuation value and discriminating the deterioration of the storage battery from the degree of increase of the storage battery voltage fluctuation value.

  Here, the storage battery voltage fluctuation value detection by the voltage measuring means 11 will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a change with time of the storage battery voltage when the engine is started. By closing the start switch 4, current is supplied from the storage battery 2 to the cell motor 3.

  In FIG. 2, the initial deterioration (0) indicates the storage battery voltage characteristics when the storage battery is new, and the deterioration progress state (1) indicates the storage battery voltage characteristics when the storage battery is used to some extent and the deterioration progresses. .

  Periodic pulsation occurs in the power consumption of the cell motor 3 when the engine is started, and as a result, the storage battery voltage exhibits pulsation as shown in FIG. The pulsation is caused by the difference in rotational resistance of the crankshaft in each of the intake stroke, compression stroke, expansion stroke, and exhaust stroke of the engine. The cycle is the number of rotations of the cell motor, the number of cylinders of the engine, the cell motor 3 and the engine crank. Varies depending on the reduction ratio between the axes.

In the first embodiment, the absolute value of the difference between the peak value and the bottom value of the pulsation is used as the storage battery voltage fluctuation value. For example, regarding the first pulsation, the storage battery voltage fluctuation value in the initial state is ΔV _0-1 shown in FIG. 2, and the storage battery voltage fluctuation value in the deterioration progressing state is ΔV _1-1 . In the present invention, the degree of change of the storage battery voltage fluctuation value is expressed as a change rate (ΔV _1-1 / ΔV _0-1 ), and the change rate of the storage battery voltage fluctuation value obtained in advance as shown in FIG. The degree of deterioration of the storage battery 2 can be determined by the determination unit 12 using the relationship with the remaining capacity. As a display example of the determination result, the change rate of the storage battery voltage fluctuation value can be displayed as a determination result, such as “requires replacement” when 180% or more, and “caution” when less than 180% and 150% or more.

  The deterioration determination device of the first embodiment focuses on the phenomenon that the internal resistance increases with the progress of deterioration of the storage battery, and as a result, the voltage pulsation at the start of the engine increases. Since the determination is based on the actual engine start current, the degree of capacity reduction in the engine start current region can be determined with high accuracy.

Further, as compared with the conventional method, the deterioration can be determined more accurately for the following reason than the method for determining the deterioration from the open circuit voltage and the engine starting minimum voltage (V _0-min and V _1-min in FIG. 2).

  In other words, the open circuit voltage is easily affected by the charge polarization, and even when the remaining capacity is the same, when the engine is stopped and restarted immediately, the open circuit voltage is higher than when the engine is stopped for a long time. . Therefore, when the open circuit voltage is included in the parameters, a difference occurs in the deterioration determination due to the difference in charge polarization.

  Further, since the minimum engine starting voltage depends on other factors such as the sum of the winding resistances of the cell motor 3 in addition to the battery internal resistance, an error occurs in the deterioration determination because the battery internal resistance cannot be evaluated purely.

  In the present invention, since the deterioration is determined from the rate of change of the storage battery voltage fluctuation in the state where the starting current is flowing, the influence of charging polarization and winding resistance as in the conventional case can be canceled. Also, by measuring the difference between the peak value and the bottom value of the pulsating storage battery voltage, it is possible to indirectly measure the internal resistance of the storage battery using the change in rotational torque of the cell motor during cranking, thus improving the accuracy of deterioration determination. be able to. Further, since measurement is performed at the time of engine start, a determination result more reflecting the engine startability can be obtained.

  Also, if a measurement error occurs in one pulsation by using the sum of the absolute values of the differences between multiple peak values and bottom values instead of a single peak value and bottom value as the storage battery voltage fluctuation, the measurement error will occur. The influence on the measurement error can be suppressed, and the degradation determination accuracy can be further improved.

For example, when measuring three pulsations, as shown in FIG. 2, ΔV _0-1 , ΔV _0-2 , ΔV _0-2 , ΔV _0-3 , ΔV _0-4 , ΔV _0-5 The absolute value sum (Σ | ΔV _0-n |) is obtained and ΔV _1-1 , ΔV _1-2 , ΔV _1-2 , ΔV _1-3 , ΔV _1-4 , ΔV at the time of determination are obtained. _Find the sum of absolute values of _1-5 (Σ | ΔV _1-n |) and calculate the ratio of these sums ((Σ | ΔV _1-n |) / (Σ | ΔV _0-n |)) The deterioration state of the storage battery 2 may be determined from the relationship between the change rate obtained in advance and the remaining capacity.

(Second Embodiment)
In the second embodiment of the present invention, instead of setting the storage battery voltage fluctuation value in the first embodiment, the pulsation waveform of the storage battery voltage due to the rotation of the cell motor at the start of the engine is divided by a predetermined time, and the divided time The storage battery voltage fluctuation value is set from the absolute value of the voltage difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the storage battery voltage.

In the second embodiment, the pulsation waveform of the storage battery voltage is divided by a predetermined time T as shown in FIG. At that time, for the purpose of excluding the minimum engine starting voltage that causes a determination error immediately after starting the engine from the measurement, it is divided by a predetermined time T after the time T ′, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in one divided time. The absolute value of | ΔP _1-1 | Similarly, the battery voltage fluctuation in the initial state is represented by | ΔP _0-1 | in FIG. 4, and the ratio thereof (| ΔP _1-1 | / | ΔP _0-1 |) is defined as the rate of change.

  Then, similarly to the first embodiment, the remaining capacity of the storage battery 2 is determined by the determination means 12 from the relationship between the change rate of the storage battery voltage fluctuation obtained in advance and the remaining capacity.

In the second embodiment, a plurality of ΔP _{1-1 to} P _1-n are obtained at a plurality of n-divided times, and similarly a plurality of ΔP _0-1 to a plurality of n-divided times at an initial state are also obtained. P _0-n can be obtained, and the ratio of the sum of the absolute values ((Σ | ΔP _1-n |) / (Σ | ΔP _0-n |)) can be set as the change rate of the storage battery voltage fluctuation.

  In such a case, since the sum over a plurality of time intervals is adopted, it is possible to suppress the influence on the degradation determination accuracy when the measurement measurement error at a certain time interval becomes large due to some factor.

  Since the engine starting voltage fluctuates in an extremely short period in addition to pulsation, it is difficult to detect the peak value and the bottom value. In the second embodiment, detection of the peak value and the bottom value required in the first embodiment is not necessary, and the detection can be realized by simply detecting the maximum value and the minimum value, and thus has an advantage of being simpler. Note that, by setting the time T in the vicinity of the pulsation cycle, it is possible to realize substantially the same operation as that of the first embodiment that employs the peak value and the bottom value, and to further improve the degradation determination accuracy.

  In the example of FIG. 4, the time T is set to 0.2 seconds close to the pulsation cycle, but may be several 10 to 100 mS. In that case, it is preferable that the total measurement time (time T × number of time divisions) is at least equal to or greater than the pulsation period so that the pulsation can be reflected in the measurement result.

(Third embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 5, the storage battery 21 according to the third embodiment of the present invention is a battery that integrally includes the deterioration determination device 1 according to the first and second embodiments in a battery body.

  As an example of attachment of the deterioration determination device 1, the deterioration determination device 1 is stored in a storage portion 23 provided on the lid 22 of the storage battery 21, and the deterioration determination device 1 and the battery terminal 24 are connected by a connection lead 25. Furthermore, a protective cover 26 may be mounted on the deterioration determination device 1.

  In the storage battery 21 of the present invention, since the deterioration determination device 1 is provided integrally, the user does not need to connect the deterioration determination device 1 to the storage battery 21 separately. Further, erroneous connection such as reverse connection by the user can be prevented.

  According to the present invention, the deterioration of the storage battery is determined using the storage battery voltage pulsation at the start of the engine, which is suitable for many engine start storage batteries including those for vehicles.

The figure which shows the deterioration determination apparatus of the storage battery for engine starting of this invention The figure which shows an example of a time-dependent change of the storage battery voltage at the time of engine starting The figure which shows the example of relationship between the change rate of a storage battery voltage fluctuation value, and storage battery capacity The figure which shows an example of a time-dependent change of the storage battery voltage at the time of engine starting The figure which shows the lead acid battery by the 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Degradation discrimination device 2 Storage battery 3 Cell motor 4 Start switch 11 Voltage measurement means 12 Discrimination means 21 Storage battery 22 Lid 23 Storage part 24 Battery terminal 25 Connection lead 26 Protective cover

Claims (5)

A voltage measuring means for measuring a storage battery voltage at the time of starting the engine of the storage battery for starting the engine, and detecting a fluctuation value of the storage battery voltage in a state in which the starting current at the time of starting the engine flows by the voltage measuring means; A deterioration determination device for an engine starting storage battery, comprising determination means for determining the deterioration of the storage battery from the degree of change in voltage fluctuation value. 2. The storage battery for engine start according to claim 1, wherein the storage battery voltage fluctuation value is set from an absolute value of a voltage difference between a peak value and a bottom value in a pulsation waveform of the storage battery voltage due to rotation of a cell motor at the time of engine start. Degradation determination device. Divide the pulsation waveform of the storage battery voltage due to the rotation of the cell motor at engine startup into a predetermined time, and set the storage battery voltage fluctuation value from the absolute value of the voltage difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the storage battery voltage within the divided time The deterioration determination device for an engine starting storage battery according to claim 1. 4. The engine start storage battery deterioration determination apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a sum of absolute values of the voltage differences within a predetermined measurement time is used as the storage battery voltage fluctuation value. An engine starting storage battery comprising the deterioration determination device according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4.

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