JP2007008636A - Hoisting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hoisting machine capable of stabilizing braking performance of a brake by reducing loss by an eddy current or the like generated on a stationary iron core. <P>SOLUTION: The hoisting machine is provided with a fixed member 10; a rotation member 12 rotatably supported on a fixed shaft 11 extending from the fixed member 10; and a brake part 30 of a hoisting machine fixed to the fixed member 10 and braking rotation of the rotation member 12. The brake part 30 of the hoisting machine has a stationary iron core 32 fixed to the fixed member 10; an electromagnetic coil 33 provided on an outer peripheral surface side of the stationary iron core 32; a movable iron core 35 arranged opposed to the electromagnetic coil 33 and movable in an outer peripheral direction; a brake shoe 38 connected to the movable iron core 35; and a spring 39 for resiliently urging the movable iron core 35 in the outer peripheral direction and abutting the brake shoe 38 on an inner peripheral surface of the rotation member 12. The electromagnetic coil 33 provided on the fixed iron core 32 is divided to a plurality of portions and is arranged. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a brake structure for a hoisting machine, and in particular, to stabilize and improve the braking performance of the brake.

  Conventionally, as a hoisting machine brake structure, the hoisting machine has a brake drum that can be rotated about an axis arranged at the center of the hoisting machine and an electromagnetic brake part built in the brake drum, and the electromagnetic brake part is movable in plural. An iron core, a brake shoe disposed on the outside of the movable iron core, connected to the movable iron core by a connecting member and having an outer peripheral surface facing the brake drum, and a pressing spring that presses the movable iron core toward the inner peripheral surface of the brake drum And a fixed iron core corresponding to each of the movable iron cores provided (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-16649 (Claim 1, FIG. 1)

  The conventional hoisting machine has a structure in which a spring is disposed on a fixed iron core with a built-in electromagnetic coil so that the movable iron core and the brake shoe are pressed against the brake drum. The brake is released by attracting the movable iron core to the fixed iron core by force.

  In such a hoisting machine brake structure, when braking is required during an emergency such as an earthquake while the car is moving, it is necessary to instantaneously cut off the current of the electromagnetic coil and apply the brake. However, even when the current of the electromagnetic coil is cut off, a loss occurs due to, for example, eddy current in the fixed iron core incorporating the electromagnetic coil, and the attractive force remains between the movable iron core and the fixed iron core May be difficult to brake instantaneously.

  Further, when the capacity of the hoisting machine is increased and the size of the brake is increased, the electromagnetic coil itself is increased, and there is a problem that it takes time and labor to perform the winding process, resulting in an increase in manufacturing cost.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described conventional problems, and a hoisting machine capable of stabilizing the braking performance of a brake by reducing a loss due to an eddy current or the like generated in a fixed iron core. I will provide a.

  A hoisting machine according to the present invention includes a fixed member, a fixed shaft extending from the fixed member, a rotating member rotatably supported by the fixed shaft, and a winding that is fixed to the fixed member and brakes rotation of the rotating member. The hoisting machine brake unit is provided with a fixed iron core fixed to the fixing member, an electromagnetic coil provided on the outer peripheral surface side of the fixed iron core, and an outer periphery disposed opposite to the electromagnetic coil of the fixed iron core. A movable iron core movable in a direction, a brake shoe connected to the movable iron core, and an elastic body for elastically biasing the movable iron core in the outer peripheral direction to contact the brake shoe with the inner peripheral surface of the rotating member, A hoisting machine in which a brake shoe is brought into contact with an inner peripheral surface of a rotating member by cutting off a current to the electromagnetic coil to perform braking, and the electromagnetic coil provided on the fixed iron core is divided into a plurality of parts. It is characterized by.

  According to the present invention, the electromagnetic coil provided on the fixed iron core of the hoisting machine brake unit is divided into a plurality of parts, so that the eddy current loss is reduced by reducing the inductance of each electromagnetic coil. This makes it possible to provide a hoisting machine that suppresses the remaining magnetic flux, stabilizes the braking performance of the brake, and has high reliability.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a cross-sectional view of a hoist according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention as seen from the side, and FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the hoist as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the hoisting machine according to the present embodiment has a fixed member (housing) 10, a fixed shaft 11 extending in one direction from the fixed member 10, and the fixed shaft 11 is rotatable. A supported rotating member 12, a hoisting machine driving unit 20 that rotationally drives the rotating member 12 around the fixed shaft 11, and a hoisting machine brake unit 30 that is fixed to the fixing member 10 and brakes the rotation of the rotating member 12. I have.

  The fixing member (housing) 10 includes a stator 8 that extends toward the rotating member 12 at the outer peripheral portion thereof. As shown in FIG. 1, the stator 8 includes a stator core 8a and a stator winding 8b.

  The rotating member 12 is rotatably supported on the fixed shaft 11 via bearings 9A and 9B. The rotating member 12 extends toward the fixing member 10 and forms a magnetic circuit together with the stator 8, and the permanent member provided on the rotor 15 at a position that can face the stator 8. A magnet 16 is provided. Further, the rotary member 12 is integrally provided with a sheave portion 18 around which the rope of the hoisting machine is suspended.

  As described above, the hoisting machine according to the present embodiment causes the rotating member 12 to move around the fixed shaft 11 by the stator 8 provided on the fixing member 10 and the permanent magnet 16 provided on the rotating member 12. A hoisting machine driving unit 20 that rotates is configured.

  On the other hand, a hoisting machine brake unit 30 is disposed on the fixing member 10. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hoisting machine brake unit 30 includes a fixed iron core 32 fixed to the fixing member 10 with bolts 31 and the like, an electromagnetic coil 33 provided on the outer peripheral surface side of the fixed iron core 32, A movable iron core 35 disposed opposite to the electromagnetic coil 33, a brake shoe 38 connected to the movable iron core 35 by a connecting member 36, and a spring 39 that elastically biases the movable iron core 35 in the outer circumferential direction. .

  When the brake shoe 38 of the hoisting machine brake unit 30 contacts or separates from the inner peripheral surface of the rotor (also serving as a brake drum) 15 of the rotating member 12, a braking or non-braking operation is performed. That is, when the electromagnetic coil 33 is energized, the movable iron core 35 is attracted to the fixed iron core 32 against the spring 39, the brake shoe 38 is separated from the inner peripheral surface of the rotor 15, and the brake is released. The rotating member 12 can be rotated. Further, by interrupting the current of the electromagnetic coil 33, the attractive force between the movable iron core 35 and the fixed iron core 32 disappears, and the brake shoe 38 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the rotor 15 by the biasing force of the spring 39. The rotation of the rotating member 12 is braked.

  In addition, a switch 42 for detecting the amount of movement of the movable core 35 is attached to the fixed core 32 in order to monitor the operating state of the brake.

  FIG. 3: is the front view (a) which shows the fixed iron core in the brake structure of the winding machine of the said patent document 1, and side sectional drawing (b) which shows a fixed iron core and a movable iron core. A spring for urging the movable iron core is not shown.

  In the conventional brake structure of the hoisting machine of Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 3, a bobbin in which one yoke 50 and an electromagnetic coil 33 are wound around a surface 32 </ b> A facing the movable iron core 35 of the fixed iron core 32. 51 was disposed to constitute an electromagnet. Here, if the axial length (thickness) of the facing surface 32A is L and the circumferential length (width) is W, there is a relationship of L <W. In particular, in order to make the hoisting machine compact in the axial direction, the brake unit 30 of the hoisting machine also needs to be made compact in the axial direction, and the axial length (thickness) of the facing surface 32A of the fixed iron core 32 is required. It is necessary to shorten L. On the other hand, in order to ensure the attractive force of the movable iron core 35 by the electromagnetic coil 33, the circumferential length (width) W of the facing surface 32A of the fixed iron core 32 needs to be a predetermined value or more. In this way, L was inevitably shorter than W.

  However, in the conventional patent document 1, since the electromagnet is constituted by one yoke 50 and the bobbin 51 of the electromagnetic coil 33, as shown in FIG. However, in the fixed core 32, the magnetic flux does not disappear immediately due to, for example, eddy current loss (the eddy current loss increases as the coil inductance increases). Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3B, since a suction force acts between the movable iron core 35 and the fixed iron core 32, a time when the brake is not effective occurs. In addition, the braking characteristics of the brake deteriorate due to residual magnetization. Such a decrease in the braking performance of the brake due to the loss becomes a problem when it is necessary to stop the car immediately in an emergency.

  FIG. 4 is a front view (a) and a side view (b) showing the fixed iron core in the brake structure of the hoist according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a side view (a), a front view (b), and a side sectional view (c) showing a place where a bobbin in which an electromagnetic coil is wound is mounted on the fixed iron core of FIG. A spring for urging the movable iron core is not shown.

  In the hoisting machine brake structure according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the surface 32 </ b> A facing the movable iron core 35 of the fixed iron core 32 is divided in the circumferential length (width) W direction. The protrusions of the yokes 50A and 50B are provided. The yokes 50A and 50B are respectively inserted with bobbins 51A and 51B obtained by winding the electromagnetic coil 33 to form an electromagnet. As shown in FIG. 5C, the bobbins 51 </ b> A and 51 </ b> B are fixed to the fixed iron core 32 by, for example, filling an adhesive between the yokes 50 </ b> A and 50 </ b> B.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, it is possible to reduce eddy current loss by dividing the electromagnetic coil 33 into a plurality of pieces in the circumferential length (width) W direction to reduce individual inductances. Residual magnetic flux is suppressed, and the braking performance of the brake is stable and a highly reliable device can be obtained.

  Further, since the electromagnetic coil 33 and the yokes 50A and 50B are divided, the remaining magnetic flux is reduced, and the braking characteristics of the brake can be improved.

  Further, since the electromagnetic coil 33 is divided into a plurality of pieces in the circumferential length (width), the aspect ratio (W1: L1) of the electromagnetic coil 33 approaches 1 as shown in FIG. Therefore, the winding process to the bobbins 51A and 51B is facilitated, and the space factor of the electromagnetic coil 33 can be improved. Therefore, an inexpensive and high-performance brake can be manufactured. In other words, when winding the coil around the bobbin, for example, when the bobbin is rotated and the spindle is wound, if the ratio between the long side and the short side of the bobbin is large, there is a difference in tension between the long side and the short side of the bobbin. Occurs, the tension is reduced on the long side and winding disturbance is likely to occur, the coil space factor is lowered, and the performance of the brake is lowered. Further, if the coil tension is increased in order to suppress the winding disturbance, the tension becomes excessive on the short side and the coil is damaged.

  In the above embodiment, the configuration example in which the electromagnetic coil 33 is divided into two parts is shown, but the same effect can be obtained even if the number of divided parts is further increased.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
6A is a front view showing a fixed iron core in a brake structure of a hoist according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and FIG. 6B is a front view showing a state where a bobbin around which an electromagnetic coil is wound is mounted on the fixed iron core. It is. A spring for urging the movable iron core is not shown.

  In the first embodiment, the electromagnetic coil 33 of the fixed core 32 is divided into a plurality of pieces in the circumferential length (width) direction so that the aspect ratio of the electromagnetic coil 33 is close to 1. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the yoke of the fixed iron core 32 is divided (50C, 50D) in the axial length (thickness) direction, and as shown in FIG. Bobbins 50C and 50D around which 33 is wound are arranged on the divided yokes.

  In the hoisting machine, in order to monitor the operation state of the brake, a switch 42 is attached as shown in FIG. 1 to detect the amount of movement of the movable iron core 5. In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, the switch 42 is disposed in the vicinity of one end side in the axial length direction of the surface 32 </ b> A facing the movable iron core 35 of the fixed iron core 32. As shown in FIG. 7 (a), the movable iron core 35 may operate in parallel with the fixed iron core facing surface 32A. However, as shown in FIG. In the case of moving in the state, the brake is not operated at the position of the switch 42 because the movable iron core 35 is moved and the brake is operated. An operation error occurs and normal operation becomes difficult. For this reason, normally, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), FIG. 4 (a) and FIG. As shown, the adjustment spring 45 is shifted from the center position downward in the figure. When the adjustment spring 45 regulates and monitors the movement of the movable iron core 35, the number of parts increases, and it takes time to manage the spring force of the adjustment spring 45, which requires time for assembly. is there.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the electromagnetic coil 33 is divided and arranged in the axial length (thickness) direction and energized to the electromagnetic coils 33 of the upper bobbin 50C and the lower bobbin 50D. There was a difference in time. That is, after the current of the electromagnetic coil 33 of the upper bobbin 50C is cut off, the current of the electromagnetic coil 33 of the lower bobbin 12 is cut off. By providing such a time difference, the movable iron core 35 can be moved in a state where a distance is generated in the upper part of the figure, and the monitoring of the brake operation by the switch 42 can be performed normally. As a result, it is possible to reduce the number of parts and assembly processes, and the cost can be reduced.

  As described above, according to this embodiment, since the electromagnetic coil 33 is divided into a plurality of pieces in the axial length (thickness) L direction, individual inductances of the electromagnetic coils can be reduced, and eddy currents can be reduced. Loss can be reduced and residual magnetic flux can be suppressed. Therefore, a hoisting machine with stable braking performance and high reliability can be obtained.

  Further, a switch 42 for monitoring the operation of the movable iron core 35 is disposed in the vicinity of one end side in the axial length direction of the surface 32A of the fixed iron core 32 facing the movable iron core 35. Since the braking is performed by sequentially cutting off the current from the electromagnetic coil 33 on the one end side among the electromagnetic coils 33 arranged in a divided manner, the adjustment spring or the like is unnecessary, reducing the number of parts and assembly steps, Brake operation can be monitored normally.

  Furthermore, since the electromagnetic coil 33 and the yokes 50C and 50D are divided, the remaining magnetic flux is reduced, and the braking characteristics of the brake can be improved.

  In the present embodiment, an example in which the electromagnetic coil is divided into two parts is shown, but the same effect can be obtained even if the number of divisions is further increased.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
8A is a front view showing a fixed iron core in a brake structure of a hoist according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and FIG. 8B is a front view showing a state where a bobbin around which an electromagnetic coil is wound is mounted on the fixed iron core. It is. A spring for urging the movable iron core is not shown.

  In the second embodiment, since the aspect ratio of the electromagnetic coil 33 is increased, the space factor of the electromagnetic coil 33 may be reduced in a large brake structure, and the cost is increased in a large hoisting machine. there is a possibility. Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the electromagnetic coil 33 is divided into a plurality of pieces with respect to the axial length (thickness) and a plurality of pieces with respect to the circumferential length (width). By dividing, the aspect ratio of the electromagnetic coil 33 is made close to 1, and the space factor of the electromagnetic coil is improved. Further, as described in the second embodiment, by adjusting the current interruption timing of the electromagnetic coil 33 wound around the upper bobbins 51E and 51F and the lower bobbins 51G and 51H, an adjustment spring is unnecessary, and the cost is reduced. A high-performance brake structure can be obtained. In addition, since the inductance of each electromagnetic coil 33 can be reduced, a highly reliable brake with little loss can be obtained.

  In the present embodiment, an example in which the electromagnetic coil is divided into four parts is shown, but the same effect can be obtained even if the number of divisions is further increased.

It is sectional drawing which looked at the winding machine by Embodiment 1 of this invention from the side. It is the partial cross section figure which looked at the winding machine by Embodiment 1 of this invention from the front. It is the front view (a) which shows the fixed iron core in the brake structure of the winding machine of patent document 1, and the side sectional view (b) which shows a fixed iron core and a movable iron core. It is the front view (a) and side view (b) which show the fixed iron core in the brake structure of the winding machine by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the side view (a), the front view (b), and the side sectional view (c) which show the place which has installed the bobbin which wound the electromagnetic coil around the fixed iron core of FIG. It is a front view which shows the fixed iron core in the brake structure of the winding machine by Embodiment 2 of this invention, and the front view which shows the place which mounted | wore with the bobbin which wound the electromagnetic coil around the said fixed iron core. It is a partial cross section for demonstrating operation | movement of the switch for monitoring the operation state of the brake of a winding machine. It is a front view which shows the fixed iron core in the brake structure of the winding machine by Embodiment 3 of this invention, and the front view which shows the place which mounted | wore with the bobbin which wound the electromagnetic coil around the said fixed iron core.

Explanation of symbols

10 fixed members, 11 fixed shafts, 12 rotating members, 20 hoisting machine driving units,
30 hoisting machine brake part, 32 fixed iron core, 33 electromagnetic coil, 35 movable iron core,
38 brake shoes, 39 springs, 42 switches,
50A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H Yoke,
50A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H Bobbins.

Claims (5)

A fixed member; a fixed shaft extending from the fixed member; a rotating member rotatably supported by the fixed shaft; and a hoisting machine brake unit fixed to the fixed member and braking the rotation of the rotating member. Prepared,
The hoisting machine brake unit is disposed in a circumferential direction and is disposed facing the electromagnetic coil of the fixed iron core, the electromagnetic coil provided on the outer peripheral surface side of the fixed iron core, and the fixed iron core. A movable movable core, a brake shoe connected to the movable core, and an elastic body for elastically biasing the movable core in the outer circumferential direction so that the brake shoe abuts on the inner circumferential surface of the rotating member. And
A hoisting machine in which braking is performed by blocking the current to the electromagnetic coil so that the brake shoe comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the rotating member,
The winding machine according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic coil provided on the fixed iron core is divided into a plurality of parts. The hoisting machine according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic coil is divided into a plurality of pieces and arranged in a circumferential length direction of a surface of the fixed iron core facing the movable iron core. 3. The electromagnetic coil according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic coil is divided into a plurality of pieces in the axial length direction of the surface of the fixed iron core that faces the movable iron core. 4. Hoisting machine. A switch for monitoring the operation of the movable iron core is disposed near one end side in the axial length direction of the surface of the fixed iron core facing the movable iron core, and is divided into the axial length direction. The hoisting machine according to claim 3, wherein braking is performed by sequentially cutting off current from the electromagnetic coil on one end side among the arranged electromagnetic coils. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of yokes are provided on a surface of the fixed iron core facing the movable iron core, and a bobbin obtained by winding the electromagnetic coil is attached to the yoke. The hoist described in 1.

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