JP2007002061A - Gas cleaning apparatus, gasification system, gasification power generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gas cleaning apparatus improved in efficiency of removing S components, in efficiency of removing hydrogen cyanide components, and to provide a gasification system and a gasification power generation system employing the apparatus. <P>SOLUTION: The gas cleaning apparatus 10A comprises a gas cooling unit 12 for reducing the gas temperature of a high temperature gas 11 containing at least an S component, a desulfurizer supply unit 15 for supplying a powdery desulfurizer 14, a hydrogen cyanide remover supply unit 32 for supplying a the hydrogen cyanide remover 31 to the temperature-reduced cooling gas 13, and a dust-collecting unit 16 equipped with a filter membrane (not shown in Fig.) for collecting soot in the temperature-reduced cooling gas 13, where a composite stacking layer of the desulfurizer 14 and the hydrogen cyanide remover 31 formed on the surface of the filter membrane. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a gas purification device that removes, for example, an S component and a hydrogen cyanide component in gas obtained by gasifying biomass or the like, a gasification system using the same, and a gasification power generation system.

  In order to recover energy from organic waste such as municipal waste, sewage sludge, and industrial waste, gas conversion technology that gasifies waste by pyrolysis to obtain fuel gas (gasification gas) is environmental conservation And it is attracting attention from the viewpoint of resource saving.

As a system of this gas conversion technology, there is a system that obtains clean CO and H ₂ rich gas containing no soot by adding water vapor to waste, gasifying at 400 to 800 ° C., and further cracking at 1300 to 1500 ° C. Has been developed. In this system, a gasifying agent (steam, oxygen) is supplied at a high temperature to reduce the partial combustion ratio to obtain a gas with a high calorific value, and this gas (fuel gas) generates power with a power generator. (Patent Document 1).

  Since the gasified product gas contains a very small amount of sulfur (S) component, it must be desulfurized. Conventionally, when desulfurizing with a high-temperature gas, it has been proposed to spray iron oxide powder using a ceramic filter (Patent Document 2).

  Further, when removing hydrogen cyanide contained in the product gas, it has been proposed to remove hydrogen cyanide using a catalyst in which chromium oxide is supported on a support made of alumina containing silica, for example (patent) Reference 3).

JP 2002-38164 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 64-134028 JP 2003-135959 A

However, although the apparatus using the conventional ceramic filter can be desulfurized at high temperature and high pressure, there is a problem that the life of the ceramic filter is short and it is not practical when continuously processed.
In addition, since desulfurization is performed at 400 ° C. or higher, there are problems that the collection efficiency of dioxins (DXN) and the like is poor, and there is a problem that dioxins are re-synthesized.

  In addition, in the conventional desulfurization apparatus in which the desulfurizing agent is in the form of pellets or small pieces, it is necessary to install it on the downstream side of the dust collector, and there is a problem that the installation space is required for the facility, The appearance of a simple and compact gas purification device is desired from the viewpoint of making the equipment compact.

  In particular, in the case of gasifying a gasified product such as biomass and using the gas to reform a gas such as methanol using a catalyst, a gas purification device with high purification efficiency of S component that causes catalyst poisoning Appearance is desired.

  In particular, in the case of gasifying using a gasified product such as biomass, and using the gas to generate power with various power generators such as a gas engine, a gas turbine, and a fuel cell, it is required to be a clean gas component, especially The advent of a gas purification apparatus having a high purification efficiency of S components that cause catalyst poisoning such as fuel cells is desired.

  Although the hydrogen cyanide removal catalyst can suppress the boehmite formation of alumina (decrease in the specific surface area of the catalyst) and improve durability due to the coexistence of chromium oxide, other coexisting sulfur compounds adhere to the catalyst. This may reduce the activity.

  In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a gas purification device that is practical and has improved S component removal efficiency and improved hydrogen cyanide removal efficiency, and a gasification system and a gasification power generation system using the same. The task is to do.

  A first invention of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a gas cooling device for reducing the temperature of a high-temperature gas containing at least a sulfur (S) component and a hydrogen cyanide (HCN) component, and the gas cooling device. A de-S agent supply apparatus for supplying a powdery de-S agent into the cooling gas reduced in temperature, and a hydrogen cyanide remover supply apparatus for supplying a powdered hydrogen cyanide remover into the temperature-reduced gas. A filtration membrane that collects the dust in the gas, and a dust collector in which a composite deposition layer of a de-S agent and a hydrogen cyanide removal agent is formed on the surface of the filtration membrane. It is in the gas purification device characterized.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gas cooling device for reducing the temperature of a high-temperature gas containing at least a sulfur (S) component and a hydrogen cyanide (HCN) component, and a powder in the cooling gas reduced in temperature by the gas cooling device. And a desulfurization agent supply device for supplying a desulfurization agent in the form of a gas, and a desulfurization agent formed by forming a desulfurization agent deposition layer on the surface of the defiltration agent, and a filtration membrane for collecting the dust in the gas. Provided on the downstream side of the dust collector, the hydrogen cyanide remover supply device for supplying the powdered hydrogen cyanide remover into the gas that has passed through the dust collector for S, and the dust collector for S The gas purification apparatus comprises a hydrogen cyanide removing dust collecting device in which a deposition layer of a hydrogen cyanide removing agent is formed on the surface of the filtration membrane.

  According to a third invention, in the first invention, the high-temperature gas contains at least an acidic gas component, and the acidic gas neutralizing agent supply device supplies the acidic gas neutralizing agent into the cooled cooling gas. And a dust purifier is formed by forming a three-component composite deposition layer of a de-S agent, a hydrogen cyanide remover, and an acid gas neutralizer on the surface of the filtration membrane. It is in.

  According to a fourth invention, in the second invention, the high-temperature gas includes at least an acid gas component, and is provided in front of the dust collector for S removal, and supplies an acid gas neutralizer into the gas. An acid gas neutralizing agent supply device that is configured to form a deposition layer of the de S agent and the acid gas neutralizing agent on the surface of the filtration membrane. It is in the gas purification device.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gas cooling device for reducing the gas temperature of a high-temperature gas containing at least a sulfur (S) component, an acid gas component, and a hydrogen cyanide (HCN) component, and cooling reduced by the gas cooling device. An acid gas neutralizer supply device for supplying a powdery acid gas neutralizer into the gas, and a filtration membrane for collecting the dust in the gas, and a desalting agent on the surface of the filtration membrane A dust collector for removing acid gas formed by forming a deposition layer, a desulfurization agent supply device for supplying powdery deS agent into the gas that has passed through the dust collector for removing acid gas, and the acid gas A dust collector for removing S, which is provided on the downstream side of the dust collector for removal and has a deposition layer of a desS agent formed on the surface of the filtration membrane, and in the gas that has passed through the dust collector for removing S A hydrogen cyanide removing agent supply device for supplying a powdered hydrogen cyanide removing agent; A gas purification device comprising a dust collector for removing hydrogen cyanide provided on the downstream side of a dust collector for removal and having a deposited layer of a hydrogen cyanide removing agent formed on a surface of a filtration membrane. is there.

  A sixth invention is the desulfurization apparatus according to any one of the first to fifth inventions, wherein the high-temperature gas further contains a carbonyl sulfide (COS) component, and the hydrogen sulfide obtained by converting the carbonyl sulfide by the hydrogen cyanide removing agent is desulfurized. A gas purification apparatus is provided.

  A seventh invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to sixth inventions, a de-S packed column packed with a de-S catalyst is provided instead of the de-S agent supply device and the de-S dust collector. It is in the gas purification device.

  An eighth invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to sixth inventions, a wet desulfurization tower filled with a de-S catalyst is provided instead of the de-S agent supply device and the de-S dust collector. It is in the gas purification device.

  A ninth invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to eighth inventions, a hydrogen cyanide removing packed column packed with a hydrogen cyanide removing catalyst is provided instead of the hydrogen cyanide removing agent supply device and the hydrogen cyanide removing dust collecting device. It is in the gas purification device.

  A tenth invention is the gas purification apparatus according to any one of the first to ninth inventions, wherein the sulfur (S) component is sulfide or sulfur oxide.

  An eleventh invention is the gas purification apparatus according to any one of the first to tenth inventions, wherein the gas is a reducing gas.

  A twelfth invention is characterized in that, in the eleventh invention, the reducing gas is one or both of a gas obtained by pyrolyzing a gasified product and a gas obtained by thermally decomposing a gasified product. It is in the gas purification device.

  A thirteenth invention is the gas purification apparatus according to any one of the first to twelfth inventions, wherein the gas cooling temperature in the gas cooling device is 100 to 400 ° C.

  In a fourteenth aspect based on any one of the first to thirteenth aspects, the de-S agent is zinc oxide, zinc carbonate, iron oxide, iron hydroxide, zinc / iron compound, nickel oxide, copper, copper oxide, The gas purification apparatus is characterized by being at least one of cobalt oxide, molybdenum oxide and activated carbon, or a mixture thereof.

  In a fifteenth aspect based on any one of the first to fourteenth aspects, the hydrogen cyanide removing agent is at least one of chromium, chromium oxide, molybdenum, molybdenum oxide, barium, alumina, titania and nickel, or these. It is in the gas purification apparatus characterized by being a mixture of these.

  A sixteenth aspect of the invention is a gasification system comprising any one of the first to fifteenth gas purification apparatuses.

  A seventeenth invention is a gasification power generation system comprising any one of the first to fifteenth gas purification apparatuses.

  According to an eighteenth aspect, in the sixteenth aspect, the gasification furnace for obtaining high-temperature gas is any one of a biomass gasification furnace, a garbage gasification furnace, a sewage sludge gasification furnace, and a coal gasification furnace. The gasification system is featured.

  According to a nineteenth aspect, in the seventeenth aspect, the gasification furnace for obtaining a high-temperature gas is any one of a biomass gasification furnace, a garbage gasification furnace, a sewage sludge gasification furnace, and a coal gasification furnace. The gasification power generation system is featured.

  According to the present invention, the temperature of the high-temperature gas is reduced, the desulfurization agent and the removal of hydrogen cyanide are sprayed, and a deposition layer is formed on the filter membrane that performs filtration dust collection, where the S component and hydrogen cyanide in the gas are removed. Therefore, it is possible to stably remove hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen cyanide over a long period of time.

  Moreover, the acidic gas contained in gas can be similarly removed by spraying an acidic gas neutralizing agent similarly.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. In addition, constituent elements in the following embodiments include those that can be easily assumed by those skilled in the art or those that are substantially the same.

The gas purification apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas purification apparatus according to a first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, a gas purification apparatus 10A according to this embodiment includes a gas cooling device 12 for reducing the temperature of a high-temperature gas 11 containing at least a sulfur (S) component, and a temperature reduction by the gas cooling device. A desulfurization agent supply device 15 for supplying a powdery desulfurization agent 14 into the cooled gas 13 and a hydrogen cyanide removal agent supply for supplying a powdery hydrogen cyanide removal agent 31 into the temperature-reduced gas. An apparatus 32 and a filtration membrane (not shown) for collecting the dust in the gas 13 are provided, and a composite deposition layer of the de-S agent 14 and the hydrogen cyanide removal agent 31 is formed on the surface of the filtration membrane. A dust collector 16 is provided.

  According to the apparatus, the temperature of the hot gas 11 is reduced by the gas cooling device 12, and thereafter, the deS agent 14 and the hydrogen cyanide removing agent 31 are sprayed in the cooling gas supply pipe 20, and then filtered by the dust collector 16. A composite deposition layer of the de-S agent 14 and the hydrogen cyanide removal agent 31 is formed in the film, and the sulfur (S) component and the hydrogen cyanide component in the gas passing through the composite deposition layer are adsorbed and collected.

  Thereafter, the purified gas 17 purified by the dust collector 16 is sent to a power generation facility such as a gas engine (G / E) 19 by an induction blower 18 or the like, where it is converted into energy and used for power generation. .

  Further, the dust 21 which is a deposited layer periodically removed by, for example, a reverse cleaning operation in the dust collector 16 is separated by a separating device 22 and returned to the cooling gas supply pipe 20 for reuse. You may make it show.

In the present invention, the sulfur (S) component is a sulfide such as H ₂ S or COS or sulfur oxide such as S ₂ O, SO, SO ₂ , SO ₃ , or S ₂ O ₃ , but is present in the gas. The S component is not limited to these as long as it is an S component.

  Examples of the de-S agent 14 for removing sulfur components in the product gas in the present invention include oxides of transition metals such as zinc oxide, zinc carbonate, iron oxide, iron hydroxide, zinc / iron compounds, nickel, copper, and oxidation. Copper, activated carbon, zeolite, etc. can be mentioned, and zinc oxide is particularly preferable. This is because, as shown in the following reaction formula and a test example described later, the amount of water generation is small when reacting with hydrogen sulfide.

  The de-S agent is in the form of powder, and its size may be about several tens of μm to several hundreds of μm. Thereby, a contact area with S component increases and reaction efficiency improves. As a result, the utilization rate and the removal efficiency are improved.

When, for example, hydrogen sulfide as the S component is decomposed and removed using zinc oxide (ZnO) and iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ), the following equations (1) and (2) are obtained.
ZnO + H ₂ S → ZnS + H ₂ O (1)
Fe ₂ O ₃ + 2H ₂ S + H ₂ → 2FeS + 3H ₂ O (2)
Thus, in the case of ZnO, the generation of moisture is less than 1/3 that of Fe ₂ O ₃ , and even if there is some moisture in the surroundings, it is hardly affected and the progress of the reaction is good.

  Further, as the hydrogen cyanide removing agent 31 for removing hydrogen cyanide present in the product gas in the present invention, for example, at least one of chromium, chromium oxide, molybdenum, molybdenum oxide, barium, alumina, titania and nickel, or these Can be mentioned.

Moreover, the said gas is not specifically limited, The desulfurization in fuel exhaust gas can also be performed.
Further, in the present invention, a reducing gas is suitable as the gas, and is particularly effective when the S component is H ₂ S. Here, examples of the reducing gas include those containing either or both of a gas obtained by pyrolyzing a gasified product and a gas obtained by thermally decomposing a gasified product.

As an example of the reducing gas, a gas having a small O ₂ component, which is obtained by pyrolyzing a gasified product, may be mentioned. Since it is decomposed in the absence of oxygen, it is mostly reduced substances and water vapor, and its composition is, for example, CO, H ₂ S, COS, HCN, H ₂ or the like.

  Examples of the gasified product include biomass, wood chips, garbage, sewage sludge, waste, coal, etc., which are gasified in a gasifier, reformed gasified product gas, and combustible gas Some carbon monoxide and hydrogen are used.

Here, since the gasified product gas is a high-temperature gas (400 ° C. or higher, 600-1500 ° C.) 11, it is necessary to reduce the temperature. I try to warm up. This is because the filter-type dust collector uses a filter cloth such as a bag filter, for example, and when it exceeds 200 ° C., there is a problem in durability due to melting or the like.
Further, the lower limit of the temperature reduction is 100 ° C., preferably 120 ° C. This is because moisture is generated due to the acid dew point, causing problems in dry filtration. Further, from the viewpoint of preventing re-synthesis of dioxins, although depending on the concentration of dioxins, it is preferably 300 ° C. or lower, preferably 200 ° C. or lower.

Thus, after reducing the temperature of the high temperature gas, the S component and hydrogen cyanide in the gas can be removed. Further, since it is only necessary to spray the de-S agent 14 and the hydrogen cyanide removing agent 31 into the gas supply pipe 20, it is sufficient to secure only the installation space for the de-S agent supply device 15 and the hydrogen cyanide supply device 32. Compared to the desulfurization equipment of the filling method, the gas purification equipment becomes significantly compact.
Moreover, since there is no waste water as compared with wet desulfurization equipment, post-treatment is easy.

In the present embodiment, the S film removal process and the hydrogen cyanide removal process are performed by forming a composite deposition layer of the deS agent 14 and the hydrogen cyanide remover 31 in the filtration membrane of the dust collector 16. The invention is not limited to this, and the de-S agent and the hydrogen cyanide removing agent may be supported in advance on the fiber material constituting the filtration membrane. Also, the de-S agent and the hydrogen cyanide removing agent may be made into a fiber and woven into the fiber material.
In such a case, the de-S agent supply device 15 and the hydrogen cyanide removal agent supply device 32 are unnecessary, and the configuration is further simplified.

The gas purification apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the gas purification apparatus according to the second embodiment. The same members as those of the apparatus of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the gas purification apparatus 10 </ b> B according to the present embodiment is the same as the apparatus of the first embodiment, except that the dust collecting device 16-1 for removing S component and the dust collecting device 16-2 for removing hydrogen cyanide are used. The S component and the hydrogen cyanide component are removed separately from each other.

As a result, the S component and the hydrogen cyanide component are removed by the filtration membranes of the independent dust collectors 16-1 and 16-2, so that the removal efficiency is improved.
Unlike the desulfurization reaction, the hydrogen cyanide removing agent 31 does not change, so an appropriate amount depending on the hydrogen cyanide concentration cannot be specified, but the more it is, the more effective the reaction. However, it is preferable to control the input amount of the hydrogen cyanide removing agent 31 by the gas flow rate from the point that it does not interfere with the operation of the dust removing device. For example, the flow rate of the hydrogen cyanide removing agent may be controlled by measuring the flow rate at the outlet of the dust collector 16-1 for removing the S component.

The gas purification apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a gas purification apparatus according to a third embodiment. In addition, about the same member as the structure of the apparatus of Example 1 and 2 shown in FIG.1 and 2, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
As shown in FIG. 3, the gas purification apparatus 10 </ b> C according to the present embodiment is formed by filling the inside with a hydrogen cyanide removal catalyst instead of the dust collector 16-2 for the hydrogen cyanide removal agent in the apparatus of the second embodiment. A hydrogen cyanide removal catalyst packed tower 35 is provided, and when removing hydrogen cyanide, the hydrogen cyanide component is removed by contacting the hydrogen cyanide removal catalyst when the gas passes through the packed tower without spraying the hydrogen cyanide removing agent. ing. As the hydrogen cyanide removal catalyst, the above-described hydrogen cyanide removal agent and those supported on a carrier can be used.

  Thereby, hydrogen cyanide can be removed without installing a hydrogen cyanide removal and supply device as compared with the second embodiment.

The gas purification apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a gas purification apparatus according to a fourth embodiment. In addition, about the same member as the structure of the apparatus of Example 1 and 2 shown in FIG.1 and 2, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
As shown in FIG. 4, the gas purification apparatus 10 </ b> D according to the present embodiment is the apparatus of the second embodiment, in which a desulfurization device 51 is provided on the downstream side of the dust collector 16-2 for the hydrogen cyanide removing agent. It is. The desulfurizer 51 removes hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S), which is a product from COS (carbonyl sulfide) present in the gas, when removing hydrogen cyanide.

  As the desulfurization device 51, for example, one of a wet desulfurization device, a deS catalyst packed tower type desulfurization device charged with the desulfurization agent, a desulfurization device in which the desulfurization agent supply device 15 and the dust collecting device 16 are combined, or A plurality may be installed.

  When the desulfurization apparatus 51 is a wet desulfurization apparatus in particular, ammonia generated by the decomposition of hydrogen cyanide can also be absorbed and removed.

The gas purification apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a gas purification apparatus according to a fifth embodiment. The same members as those of the apparatus of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, the gas purification apparatus 10 </ b> E according to the present embodiment is provided with an acidic gas neutralizer supply device 42 that supplies an acidic gas neutralizer 41 into the gas supply pipe 20 in the apparatus of the first embodiment. It is a thing. Note that the deacidifying gas neutralizing agent 41, the desulfurizing agent 14, and the hydrogen cyanide removing agent 31 may be supplied in any order.

  Here, the acid gas neutralizing agent 41 is supplied when the object to be gasified is sewage sludge or the like, since the S component such as hydrogen sulfide is mainly contained in the generated gas. The gas is purified by supplying the gas. However, for example, in the case of gasifying dust or the like, an acid gas (eg, HCl) is mainly used rather than hydrogen sulfide. Because there is.

  Here, examples of the acid gas neutralizer 41 include neutralizer alkalis (for example, calcium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium-based alkali agents), cement, activated carbon, and the like. Moreover, you may make it supply auxiliary agents, such as diatomaceous earth which protects a filtration membrane.

By spraying the acid gas neutralizing agent 41 into the cooled cooling gas 13, a deposited layer of the acid gas neutralizing agent is then formed in the filter membrane of the dust collector 16, and the gas passing therethrough The acidic gas component (HCl, SOx, etc.) is adsorbed and collected.
In this embodiment, the de-S agent 14 and the hydrogen cyanide remover 31 are separately supplied. However, the de-S agent 14 and the hydrogen cyanide remover 31 may be mixed and blown into the cooling gas supply pipe 20.

  As a result, not only the S component and hydrogen cyanide component in the product gas but also the acidic gas component can be removed.

The gas purification apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a gas purification apparatus according to a sixth embodiment. In addition, about the same member as the structure of the apparatus of Example 1 and 2 shown in FIG.1 and 2, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
As shown in FIG. 6, the gas purification apparatus 10F according to the present embodiment is the same as that of the apparatus of the second embodiment, in which the filtration agent of the dust collector 16-1 includes the de-S agent 14 and the acid gas neutralizer 41. The acid gas neutralizer 41 is supplied from the acid gas neutralizer supply device 42 into the gas supply pipe 20 so that the composite layer is deposited.

  As a result, not only the S component and hydrogen cyanide component in the product gas but also the acidic gas component can be removed.

The gas purification apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a gas purification apparatus according to a seventh embodiment. The same members as those in the devices of the first, second, and sixth embodiments shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 7, the gas purification apparatus 10G according to the present example is the same as that of Example 6, except that the dust collector 1 for acid gas removal dedicated to the acid gas neutralizer and the S component for desulfurization agent are used. A dust collector 16-1-2 for removal is provided, and the acidic gas component, the S component, and the hydrogen cyanide component are separately removed separately.

Thereby, after removing the acidic gas component in the cooling gas 13, only the S component and only the hydrogen cyanide component can be removed. As a result, when, for example, zinc oxide (ZnO) is used as the de-S agent 14, the ZnS component obtained by the reaction can be recovered from the dust 21-2. In the present embodiment, since the acid gas component is neutralized in the dust collector 16-1-1 for removing the acidic gas, the dust 21 from the dust collector 16-1-2 for removing the S component is used. -2 contains no chlorine, and the purity of the ZnS component is high. Therefore, the recovered ZnS component can be secondarily used as a pigment or dye, a fluorescent agent, and a vulcanizing agent.
Part of the dust 21-3 from the dust collector 16-2 for removing hydrogen cyanide is reused.

In addition, it is preferable that the dust collector 16-1-1 for removing acid gas has a lower dust collection temperature than the dust collector 16-1-2 for removing S component. The neutralization by the acid gas neutralizing agent 41 in the dust collector 16-1-1 for removing the acid gas is preferably 200 ° C. or less from the viewpoint of preventing resynthesis of dioxins, and removing the S component. It is because 200 degreeC or more is preferable in the case of the de-S process in the dust collector 16-1-2 for use.
Therefore, the dust collector 16-1-1 for removing acid gas is provided with a gas gas heat exchanger between the dust collector 16-1-2 for removing S component and using the heat recovered from the high temperature gas 11. The temperature of the gas from the dust collector 16-1-1 for removing acid gas can also be raised.

The gas purification apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a gas purification apparatus according to an eighth embodiment. The same members as those of the apparatus of the seventh embodiment shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 8, the gas purification apparatus 10H according to the present example is similar to the apparatus of Example 7, except that the desulfurization agent supply device 15 and the S component removal dust collecting device 16-1-2 are removed. An S component removal catalyst packed tower 61 filled with the S agent is provided, and when removing the S component, the S component removal catalyst is not used when the gas passes through the packed tower 61 without spraying the de-S agent 14. The S element component is removed by contacting the substrate. As the S component removal catalyst, the above-described de-S agent and those supported on a carrier can be used.

  Thereby, compared with Example 7, S component can be removed, without installing a de-S agent supply apparatus.

The gas purification apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the gas purification apparatus according to the ninth embodiment. The same members as those of the apparatus of the eighth embodiment shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 9, the gas purification apparatus 10I according to the present embodiment is provided with a wet desulfurization apparatus 71 instead of the S component removal catalyst packed tower 61 in the apparatus of the eighth embodiment. The S component in the gas is removed by spraying the water 72 without using the de-S agent 14.

  As a result, wastewater treatment is required and the treatment cost increases, but the S component removal rate can be improved.

  FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a gas power generation system including a gas purification device.

As shown in FIG. 10, in the gas power generation system 100A according to the present embodiment, the gas purification device of Embodiment 5 is provided on the downstream side of the gasification furnace 101, and the desulfurization device 51 is disposed on the downstream side of the dust collector 16. Is provided.
The gasification furnace 101 is for gasifying a gasification product 102 such as biomass, and the resulting product gas 103 is reformed by a reforming device 104 provided on the downstream side, and is rich in CO and H ₂ components. The generated gas 105 is used.

In this embodiment, the supply tank 115a, the fan 115b, and the non-use of nitrogen gas or the like are used as the supply devices 115 capable of individually supplying the de-S agent 14, the cyanide removal agent 31, and the acid gas neutralizer 41, respectively. The active gas tank 115c is configured to supply a desulfurization agent or the like into the product gas 105 by a feeder 115d.
Instead of using the inert gas, a part of the purified gas 17 may be used as the supply gas of the de-S agent.

  In this embodiment, the gas purification device 10 of Embodiment 1 and the desulfurization device 51 of Embodiment 4 shown in FIG. 1 are used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and Embodiment 1 described above is used. Gas purification may be performed by combining various purification apparatuses according to -9.

  FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a gas power generation system including a gas purification device according to an eleventh embodiment. In the present embodiment, the same members as those in the configuration of the gas power generation system 100A according to the tenth embodiment shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 11, the gas power generation system 100B according to the present embodiment is a component of the S component (H ₂ S, SOx) in the purified gas 17 from the dust collector 16 in the gas power generation system 100A of the tenth embodiment. A monitor device 120 for measuring the amount is provided. The information of the monitor device 120 is processed by an arithmetic unit (CPU) 121 and a control signal 122 is sent so as to control the supply of the de-S agent 14. Thereby, the de-S agent 14 in an appropriate range can always be supplied, and efficient gas purification becomes possible. Further, it can be used as an index for determining the dust collection power and gas purification power of the dust collector 16.

  The power generation equipment is not limited to a gas engine, and can be applied to gas purification in various power generation devices that can generate power using gas such as a gas turbine or a fuel cell.

  In the present embodiment, an example in which the gas purification apparatus in the gasification power generation system is applied has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, for example, reforming gasification gas from biomass to It can also be applied to a system that obtains

  As described above, the gas purification apparatus according to the present invention reduces the temperature of the high-temperature gas, sprays the desulfurizing agent and the hydrogen cyanide removing agent, and forms a deposited layer on the filtration membrane that performs filtration dust collection. S component and hydrogen cyanide component can be removed, so that gas can be purified over a long period of time without resynthesis of dioxins and applied to purification of gasification gas Can do.

1 is a schematic view of a gas purification device according to Example 1. FIG. It is the schematic of the gas purification apparatus concerning Example 2. FIG. It is the schematic of the gas purification apparatus concerning Example 3. FIG. It is the schematic of the gas purification apparatus concerning Example 4. FIG. It is the schematic of the gas purification apparatus concerning Example 5. FIG. It is the schematic of the gas purification apparatus concerning Example 6. FIG. It is the schematic of the gas purification apparatus concerning Example 7. FIG. It is the schematic of the gas purification apparatus concerning Example 8. FIG. It is the schematic of the gas purification apparatus concerning Example 9. FIG. It is the schematic of the gas power generation system concerning Example 10. FIG. It is the schematic of the gas power generation system concerning Example 11. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

10A to 10I Gas purification device 11 High-temperature gas 12 Gas cooling device 13 Cooling gas 14 Desulfurization agent 15 Desulfurization agent supply device 31 Hydrogen cyanide removal agent 32 Hydrogen cyanide removal agent supply device

Claims (19)

A gas cooling device for reducing the gas temperature of a high-temperature gas containing at least a sulfur (S) component and a hydrogen cyanide (HCN) component;
A desulfurization agent supply device for supplying a powdery desulfurization agent into the cooling gas reduced in temperature by the gas cooling device;
A hydrogen cyanide removing agent supply device for supplying a powdered hydrogen cyanide removing agent into the temperature-reduced gas;
A filtration membrane that collects dust in the gas, and a dust collector that forms a composite deposition layer of a de-S agent and a hydrogen cyanide removal agent on the surface of the filtration membrane. Gas purification device. A gas cooling device for reducing the gas temperature of a high-temperature gas containing at least a sulfur (S) component and a hydrogen cyanide (HCN) component;
A desulfurization agent supply device for supplying a powdery desulfurization agent into the cooling gas reduced in temperature by the gas cooling device;
A dust collector for de-S comprising a filter membrane for collecting the dust in the gas and forming a deposit layer of a de-S agent on the surface of the filter membrane;
A hydrogen cyanide removing agent supply device for supplying a powdered hydrogen cyanide removing agent into the gas that has passed through the dust collector for S removal;
A gas purifier comprising a dust collector for removing hydrogen cyanide provided on the downstream side of the dust collector for removing S and having a hydrogen cyanide remover deposited layer formed on the surface of the filtration membrane. apparatus. In claim 1,
The high-temperature gas contains at least an acidic gas component;
An acid gas neutralizer supply device for supplying an acid gas neutralizer into the cooled cooling gas;
The gas purification apparatus, wherein the dust collector is formed by forming a composite deposition layer of three components of a de-S agent, a hydrogen cyanide removing agent, and an acid gas neutralizing agent on the surface of the filtration membrane. In claim 2,
The high-temperature gas contains at least an acidic gas component;
Provided in front of the de-S dust collector, comprising an acid gas neutralizer supply device for supplying an acid gas neutralizer into the gas,
The gas purifier according to claim 1, wherein the dust collector for S is formed with a deposition layer of a deS agent and an acid gas neutralizer on the surface of the filtration membrane. A gas cooling device for reducing the temperature of a high-temperature gas containing at least a sulfur (S) component, an acid gas component, and a hydrogen cyanide (HCN) component;
An acidic gas neutralizer supply device for supplying a powdered acidic gas neutralizer into the cooling gas reduced in temperature by the gas cooling device;
A dust collector for removing acidic gas, comprising a filtration membrane for collecting dust in the gas and forming a deposition layer of a de-S agent on the surface of the filtration membrane;
A desulfurization agent supply device for supplying a powdery desulfurization agent into the gas passing through the acid gas removing dust collector;
A dust collector for removing S which is provided on the downstream side of the dust collector for removing acid gas, and is formed by forming a deposit layer of a desS agent on the surface of the filtration membrane;
A hydrogen cyanide removing agent supply device for supplying a powdered hydrogen cyanide removing agent into the gas that has passed through the dust collector for S removal;
A gas purification device comprising: a hydrogen cyanide removing dust collecting device provided on the downstream side of the hydrogen cyanide removing dust collecting device, wherein a hydrogen cyanide removing agent deposition layer is formed on the surface of the filtration membrane. apparatus. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5,
The hot gas further comprises a carbonyl sulfide (COS) component;
A gas purification apparatus comprising a desulfurization apparatus for desulfurizing hydrogen sulfide obtained by converting carbonyl sulfide with a hydrogen cyanide removing agent. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6,
A gas purification apparatus comprising a de-S packed tower filled with a de-S catalyst instead of the de-S agent supply apparatus and de-S dust collector. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6,
A gas purification apparatus comprising a wet desulfurization tower filled with a de-S catalyst instead of the de-S agent supply device and the de-S dust collector. In any one of Claims 1 to 8,
A gas purifying apparatus comprising a hydrogen cyanide removing packed column filled with a hydrogen cyanide removing catalyst instead of the hydrogen cyanide removing agent supply device and the hydrogen cyanide removing dust collecting device. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 9,
The gas purification apparatus, wherein the sulfur (S) component is sulfide or sulfur oxide. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 10,
A gas purification apparatus, wherein the gas is a reducing gas. In claim 11,
The gas purifier according to claim 1, wherein the reducing gas is one or both of a gas obtained by pyrolyzing a gasified product and a gas obtained by thermally decomposing a gasified product. In any one of claims 1 to 12,
The gas purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas cooling temperature in the gas cooling apparatus is 100 to 400 ° C. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 13,
The de-S agent is at least one of zinc oxide, zinc carbonate, iron oxide, iron hydroxide, zinc / iron compound, nickel oxide, copper, copper oxide, cobalt oxide, molybdenum oxide, activated carbon, or a mixture thereof. A gas purification device characterized. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 14,
The gas purification apparatus, wherein the hydrogen cyanide removing agent is at least one of chromium, chromium oxide, molybdenum, molybdenum oxide, barium, alumina, titania and nickel, or a mixture thereof.   A gasification system comprising the gas purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 15.   A gasification power generation system comprising the gas purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 15. In claim 16,
A gasification system, wherein the gasification furnace for obtaining high-temperature gas is any one of a biomass gasification furnace, a garbage gasification furnace, a sewage sludge gasification furnace, and a coal gasification furnace. In claim 17,
A gasification power generation system characterized in that the gasification furnace for obtaining high-temperature gas is any one of a biomass gasification furnace, a garbage gasification furnace, a sewage sludge gasification furnace, and a coal gasification furnace.

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