JP2006528283A - Melt spinning, cooling and winding equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

  The present invention is a melt spinning, cooling, and winding device for yarn formed from a large number of filament bundles, and includes a spinning device, a cooling device, and a winding device. The spinning device has a spinning nozzle for extruding an annular filament group having a large number of filament bundles. In order to cool the filament bundle, a cooling device having an air diffuser is arranged below the spinning device, and a cooling air flow that flows from the inside to the outside of the air diffuser is generated from the porous diffuser peripheral wall. Is done. In order to obtain a uniform laminar flow for cooling the thin filament bundle, according to the invention, the diffuser peripheral wall is surrounded by an additional auxiliary peripheral wall, which auxiliary peripheral wall consists of a material with a number of openings. The material directs the cooling air flow in a predetermined direction without significant flow direction.

Description

  The invention relates to a melt spinning, cooling and winding device for yarns formed from filament groups of the type described in the superordinate concept of claim 1, and to cooling of filament groups of the type described in the superordinate concept of claim 14. Relates to the device.

  In melt spinning of synthetic yarns, the cooling of newly extruded filament bundles is particularly important with respect to the subsequent quality of the synthetic yarns formed from these filament bundles. In particular, in the production of yarns for fibers, very fine filament bundles are extruded and these filament bundles react very sensitively to the cooling by the cooling air flow and require particularly uniform cooling.

  The two cooling methods for cooling melt-spun filament bundles are fundamentally different. In the first variation, the cooling air flow is directed from the outside onto the filament bundle. Especially in such a system, it must be taken into account that the internally guided filament bundle is sufficiently cooled.

  In the second variation, the filament bundle is arranged and spun, and a cooling air flow directed from the inside to the outside is generated at the center of the annular filament. The present invention starts from this principle. In order to create a cooling air flow through the filament curtain from the inside to the outside, an “air diffuser” as known, for example, from DE 196 35 451 is used. The air diffuser is formed in a cylindrical shape and has a porous, gas-permeable diffuser peripheral wall. One end of the air diffuser is closed, and the opposite end is connected to an air supply unit that introduces cooling air into the air diffuser. In order to obtain cooling air that flows out over the diffuser peripheral wall, preferably with a predefined blow profile, the diffuser peripheral wall is made of a porous material having a defined flow resistance. That is, it is known to manufacture the diffuser peripheral wall of an air diffuser from sintered metal, metal foam, foam or a wound paper layer. Due to the irregularly contained holes or openings in the material, a laminar flow that is uneven across the entire surface is formed which is often not sufficient when cooling air exits the diffuser peripheral wall. Such a flow profile results in irregularities in the cooling of the thin filament bundles, and this irregularity has a negative effect on the smooth movement of the filament bundles. Furthermore, the conventional air diffuser has a diffuser peripheral wall with low permeability, and thus requires a large differential pressure in order to obtain outflow over the entire surface of the air diffuser. However, this inevitably results in irregularities due to advantageous outflow zones with more turbulence. It is impossible to improve gas permeability in the diffuser peripheral wall. This is because the irregularity effect of the cooling air flowing out in the region of the air diffuser is further enhanced.

  Furthermore, from German patent application DE 3708868 or U.S. Pat. No. 4,285,646, guide means are provided inside the air diffuser in order to influence the cooling air flow flowing through the diffuser peripheral wall. It is well-known. These guide means are preferably used to achieve a specific blow profile in the air diffuser. However, this cannot affect the outflow characterized by the porous structure of the diffuser peripheral wall.

  The object of the present invention is therefore to improve an apparatus for producing melt-spun yarns of the type mentioned at the outset, in particular to produce yarns for fibers having a high uniformity in terms of thickness spots, elongation and strength. Is to do so.

  Another object of the invention is to improve the melt spinning and cooling device of the type mentioned at the outset and the cooling device to predominate the cooling airflow for cooling the filament bundle, which is formed uniformly throughout the cooling zone. It is in.

  This problem is solved by the melt spinning and cooling device having the structure according to the first aspect of the present invention and the filament bundle cooling device according to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention.

  Advantageous configurations are set forth in the dependent claims.

  The present invention is excellent in that the cooling air flowing out from the air diffuser is transferred to a laminar flow in a predetermined direction before hitting the filament bundle. This creates an aerodynamic movement of the cooling air suitable for cooling the thin filament bundle, this air movement uniformly forming and curing the individual filament bundles. This advantageously prevented irregularities in filament-to-filament uniformity and yarn uniformity over time. In this case, the auxiliary peripheral wall provided for uniforming and directing the cooling air flow comprises a material with a large number of openings, which material does not produce a substantial additional flow resistance. Thereby, the blow characteristic of the diffuser peripheral wall surrounded by the auxiliary peripheral wall is hardly influenced, and only conversion of the cooling air flowing out from the diffuser peripheral wall as a turbulent flow into a laminar flow is performed.

  In order to obtain a uniform penetration of the filament curtain, the auxiliary peripheral wall material has a plurality of openings oriented substantially radially, so that a cooling air flow directed transversely to the filament bundle. It has been found that the improvement of the present invention that produces a particular advantage is particularly advantageous. In this case, a laminar flow of cooling air that flows out from the peripheral wall surface of the auxiliary peripheral wall at a substantially right angle is formed. However, it is also possible to generate cooling air in a different direction over the entire length of the air diffuser, thereby causing a cooling air flow inclined in a direction opposite to the yarn traveling direction or a cooling air flow inclined in the yarn traveling direction. A special pre-cooling effect or after-cooling effect is obtained.

  As the material for the auxiliary peripheral wall, a multilayer wire woven fabric having a flow surface that is wide open is particularly suitable. In this case, a negligible flow resistance is generated. However, it is also possible to use a perforated thin plate or a honeycomb-like thin plate formed seamlessly.

  In an advantageous refinement of the invention, the auxiliary peripheral wall is in contact with the diffuser peripheral wall and is held by the air diffuser. This configuration has the advantage that the diffuser peripheral wall can be manufactured from a low-strength paper or foam because the diffuser peripheral wall can be supported by the auxiliary peripheral wall.

  In this case, the diffuser peripheral wall and the auxiliary peripheral wall are advantageously combined in one component unit which significantly simplifies the handling of the air diffuser.

  However, there is a possibility that the auxiliary peripheral wall is arranged with a space from the diffuser peripheral wall. In this case, the auxiliary peripheral wall is disposed in a holding device that supports the air diffuser. This improvement of the present invention has the advantage that the entire outer peripheral surface of the diffuser peripheral wall can be utilized to generate a cooling air flow.

  Furthermore, since the auxiliary peripheral wall can be arranged in the holding device in an exchangeable manner, an appropriate adaptation of the cooling by changing the auxiliary peripheral wall can be carried out when changing the yarn count or the polymer.

  In the case of a replaceable auxiliary peripheral wall, in order to prevent axial flow in the annular chamber formed between the diffuser peripheral wall and the auxiliary peripheral wall, the auxiliary peripheral wall is operated by the holding device to operate the free end of the air diffuser. It is held in position via a spacer provided on the stopper of the spinning device. Thereby, both ends are reliably sealed between the spacer and the holding device.

  For maintenance purposes or cleaning of the spinning nozzle, the air diffuser can be guided together with the auxiliary peripheral wall, preferably by means of a holding device, starting from the operating position to a standby position away from the spinning apparatus. For this purpose, the holding device is adjustable in height and / or pivotable with respect to the spinning device.

  In order to obtain a reliable guide of the filament bundle along the air diffuser, the holding device underneath the air diffuser has a smoothing device in accordance with the advantageous refinement of the invention, and this smoothing device is used for the filament bundle. It has a smoothing ring in contact. As a result, the entire filament bundle is uniformly smoothed before being combined into one synthetic yarn.

  The filament bundles are preferably brought together by a collecting yarn guide placed after the smoothing device.

  In connection with the yarn to be produced, one or more processing devices can be provided in front of the winding device. This makes it possible to produce partially stretched POY yarns or fully stretched FOY yarns made of a meltable synthetic polymer such as polyester, polyamide or polypropylene. Thereby, in principle, fiber yarns or industrial yarns can be produced.

  The present invention also relates to a method capable of cooling an annular filament bundle while maintaining a high degree of uniformity, for example, as in the production of short fibers. In this case, the filament bundle can advantageously be cooled by the device according to the invention as claimed in claim 14 before being combined into one tow.

  In addition to the advantageous improvements of claims 15 and 16, the device according to the invention as claimed in claim 14 may be improved on the basis of the configuration according to claims 4 to 13.

  In the following, embodiments of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 schematically shows a first embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention for melt spinning, cooling and winding synthetic yarns. This apparatus has a spinning device 1, a cooling device 6 disposed at a lower level of the spinning device 1, and a winding device 19 placed behind the cooling device 6. The spinning device 1 has a spinning head 2 to be heated, and the spinning head 2 supports a spinning nozzle 3 on its lower surface. On the lower surface of the spinning nozzle 3, a large number of nozzle holes for extruding a large number of filament bundles are annularly arranged. Inside the spinning head 2, another melt guide member and a melt pumping member (not shown) are arranged. Therefore, the polymer melt supplied via the melt supply unit 4 is pumped to the spinning nozzle 3 by a spinning pump (not shown). In order to produce a plurality of yarns in parallel, a plurality of spinning nozzles are generally held inside the spinning head 2. Since the present invention can be easily expanded to two, three or more yarns, an arrangement for producing only one yarn is shown for ease of viewing the drawing.

  A cooling device 6 is disposed below the spinning device 1. The cooling device 6 has an air diffuser 7, and the air diffuser 7 is disposed in a holding device 10. The air diffuser 7 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape and has a diffuser peripheral wall 8. The diffuser peripheral wall 8 is made of a porous material. In this case, the material of the diffuser peripheral wall 8 may be formed of a wound paper layer, a foam material, or a sintered metal. At the free end of the air diffuser 7, the diffuser peripheral wall 8 is closed by an end member 15. The opposite end of the diffuser peripheral wall 8 is disposed in the holding device 10. An auxiliary peripheral wall 9 is arranged on the holding device 10 at a distance from the diffuser peripheral wall 8, and the auxiliary peripheral wall 9 surrounds the diffuser peripheral wall 8 in a jacket shape. The air diffuser 7 and the auxiliary peripheral wall 9 are arranged on the lower surface of the spinning head 2 with respect to the spinning nozzle 3 through the spacer 14. In this case, the spacer 14 at the end of the air diffuser 7 is held by the stopper 22 on the lower surface of the spinning nozzle 3 by the holding device 10. The auxiliary peripheral wall 9 and the air diffuser 7 held inside the auxiliary peripheral wall 9 are located at the center with respect to the spinning nozzle 3 in the operation position.

  In order to position the air diffuser 7 and the auxiliary peripheral wall 9, the holding device 10 is formed to be adjustable in height and turnable. In order to guide the cooling air to the inside of the air diffuser 7, the holding device 10 is connected to the air supply unit 11. The air supply unit 11 is connected to a cooling medium source (not shown) such as a fan. Inside the holding device 10, the air supply unit 11 is connected to the open end of the diffuser peripheral wall 8 in the holding device 10 through a passage system.

  A smoothing device 12 is formed on the peripheral surface of the holding device 10. In this case, the smoothing device 12 is formed by a smoothing ring 13, the smoothing ring 13 has a smoothing agent that flows out to the surface, and a filament bundle that is guided along the peripheral surface of the smoothing ring 13. Wet 5

  A collective yarn guide 17 is provided below the cooling device 6, and the filament bundle 5 is bundled into one yarn 16 by the collective yarn guide 17.

  In order to pull out the filament bundle 5 or the yarn 16, a processing device 18 is provided. In this case, the processing device 18 is shown symbolically. This is because the processing device 18 differs in unit properties and configuration in relation to the type of yarn to be manufactured. Accordingly, one or more galettes or galette units may be provided for drawing, guiding or drawing the yarn. Furthermore, a thread cutter with an interlacing device, an additional smoothing device or a suction part or a thread sensor may be incorporated.

  As an alternative, the yarn 16 or the filament bundle 5 may be drawn directly by the winding device 19.

  In order to store the yarn, a winding device 19 is provided below the processing device 18. The winding device 19 is symbolically shown in the drawing by a bobbin 20 and a pressure roller 21 in contact with the peripheral surface of the bobbin 20. In this case, the yarn 16 is wound around the bobbin 20.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 of the device according to the invention, the molten polymer material is fed to the spinning device 1 by means of an extruder or a pump, for example. For this purpose, the polymer melt flows into the spinning head 2 via the heated melt supply 4 and is guided to the spinning nozzle 3 under pressure. The spinning nozzle 3 is formed in a circular shape, and has one or a plurality of annular hole rows on the lower surface through which the polymer melt flows out as a thin filament bundle 5. After extruding the filament bundle 5 through the spinning nozzle 3, these filament bundles 5 run through a cooling device 6 arranged at a lower level of the spinning device 1. In order to cool the filament bundle 5 guided in an annular shape, cooling air is supplied via an air supply unit 11, and this cooling air is guided into the air diffuser 7 under a preload. Based on the preload, a cooling air flow that penetrates the diffuser peripheral wall 8 of the air diffuser 7 in the radial direction is formed. In this case, the flow generated on the outer periphery of the diffuser peripheral wall 8 is mainly defined based on the hole distribution of the material of the diffuser peripheral wall 8. The cooling airflow flowing out from the diffuser peripheral wall 8 of the air diffuser 7 is mainly turbulent. As a material, the diffuser peripheral wall 8 may be formed of a multilayer paper layer, a foam material, or a sintered metal. Next, the cooling air flow flowing out from the diffuser peripheral wall 8 is guided through the auxiliary peripheral wall 9. This auxiliary peripheral wall 9 is made of a material with a large number of openings, which on the one hand resist the very small flow resistance of the cooling air flow and on the other hand direct the cooling air flow. For this purpose, the material preferably has a radially oriented opening, which forms a laminar flow directed laterally over the entire cooling section of the auxiliary peripheral wall 9. Passes through the filament curtain to cool the filament bundle 5. The uniforming of the cooling air flow by the auxiliary peripheral wall 9 generates a uniform flow of the filament bundle without vortexing. This results in a very smooth movement that affects the uniformity of the filament and, in particular, the uniformity of the thickness of the yarn. The laminar flow for cooling the filament bundle generated by the auxiliary peripheral wall 9 was maintained even when the preload of the cooling air in the air diffuser was changed in order to increase the amount of cooling air.

  The filament bundle 5 is brought into contact with the smoothing ring of the smoothing device 12 provided on the peripheral surface of the holding device 10 at the end of the cooling section. After smoothing, the filament bundle 5 is bundled into a yarn 16, and this yarn 16 is wound around the bobbin 20 after processing.

  The device according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 is particularly suitable for producing fiber yarns. In this case, both POY yarn by partial stretching and FOY yarn by full stretching can be produced. In order to be able to adapt to the type of yarn to be produced even in cooling, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 of the device according to the invention, the auxiliary peripheral wall 9 is exchangeably connected to the holding device 10. . Since the holding device 10 is movable, the air diffuser can be guided from the operation position to the standby position together with the auxiliary peripheral wall. In the standby position, the auxiliary peripheral wall 9 can be replaced. That is, for example, the hole geometry or the hole arrangement type of the auxiliary peripheral wall 9 can be changed by selecting a specific material or a specific shape.

  FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the device according to the invention. Since this embodiment is substantially the same as the embodiment based on FIG. 1 described above, only the differences will be described below, and the rest will be related to the above description.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the cooling device 6 disposed below the spinning device 1 is formed by the air diffuser 7, thereby generating a radially directed cooling air flow. In this case, the auxiliary peripheral wall 9 is in direct contact with the diffuser peripheral wall 8 and is covered by the air diffuser 7. The diffuser peripheral wall 8 and the auxiliary peripheral wall 9 form one component unit whose free end is held by a common end member 15. The opposite ends of the diffuser peripheral wall 8 and the auxiliary peripheral wall 9 are attached to the holding device 10, and in this case, the diffuser peripheral wall 8 has an open end for receiving cooling air. Since the functions of the auxiliary peripheral wall 9 and the diffuser peripheral wall 8 and the configurations of the auxiliary peripheral wall 9 and the diffuser peripheral wall 8 are substantially the same as those of the preceding embodiment, the functions are also related to the preceding embodiment.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the diffuser 8 is directly supported by the auxiliary peripheral wall 9. Thereby, the diffuser peripheral wall 8 can be manufactured with a low strength, for example from a foam or a thin paper layer. In order to make it possible to use for generating the cooling air flow without substantially changing the resistance characteristic of the diffuser peripheral wall 8, the auxiliary peripheral wall 9 is made of a material having a negligible flow resistance as compared with the material of the diffuser peripheral wall 8. Have.

  In this regard, FIG. 3 shows an embodiment relating to the configuration of the diffuser peripheral wall 8 and the auxiliary peripheral wall 9. The diffuser peripheral wall 8 is formed from a foam material. An auxiliary peripheral wall 9 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the diffuser peripheral wall 8. The auxiliary peripheral wall 9 is formed by a multi-layer wire woven fabric 23. The multi-layered wire woven fabric 23 forms a plurality of openings 24 oriented substantially in the radial direction, and these openings 24 provide a uniform flow of cooling air flowing out from the diffuser peripheral wall 8. The cooling air flow directed in the lateral direction on the peripheral surface of the auxiliary peripheral wall 9 flows out in layers, and as a result, penetrates the filament bundle surrounding the auxiliary peripheral wall 9.

  The configurations of the spinning device and the cooling device illustrated with respect to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 are examples. Thus, for example, a cooling air supply for the air diffuser can also be introduced via the spinning head. Similarly, the smoothing device provided on the peripheral surface of the holding device can also be replaced by a thread guide ring. In this case, a smoothing device is arranged corresponding to the collective yarn guide. The spacer configuration and length ratio to the length of the air diffuser are also exemplary. In principle, depending on the length of the spacer, a stationary zone can be formed in which no active cooling of the filament takes place. In such a zone, for example, an after heater may be arranged to influence the molecular orientation of the filament bundle.

  Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a method of collecting filament bundles as tows for producing short fibers after cooling. For this purpose, a cooling device having the same configuration as the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be used. The description of such an apparatus shall be related to the above description.

1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the device according to the invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic partial view of a peripheral wall of the air diffuser of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2.

Claims (16)

A spinning device (1) having a spinning nozzle (3) for extruding an annular filament group (5), which is a melt spinning, cooling and winding device for a yarn (16) formed from a number of filament bundles (5) ), A cooling device (6) for cooling the filament bundle (5) forming the filament group, which is arranged below the spinning device (1), and the yarn (16) formed after cooling the filament bundle (5) ), And the cooling device (6) has an air diffuser (7), which is substantially centered with respect to the spinning nozzle (3). And having a porous diffuser peripheral wall (8) for generating a cooling air flow that is held in the operating position and flows from the inside toward the outside,
An auxiliary peripheral wall (9) surrounding the diffuser peripheral wall (8) of the air diffuser (7) in a jacket shape is provided, and the auxiliary peripheral wall (9) is made of a material having a number of openings (24), A melt spinning, cooling and winding device, characterized in that the material directs a cooling air flow in a predetermined direction without a significant flow direction.   The auxiliary peripheral wall (9) material has a plurality of openings (24) oriented substantially radially to produce a cooling air flow directed transversely to the filament bundle (5). The apparatus of claim 1.   The device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the material is formed from a multi-layered wire woven fabric (23).   4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary peripheral wall (9) is in contact with the diffuser peripheral wall (8) and is held by the air diffuser (7).   4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the diffuser peripheral wall (8) and the auxiliary peripheral wall (9) are grouped into one component unit.   The auxiliary peripheral wall (9) is spaced from the diffuser peripheral wall (8) and is held by a holding device (10) that supports the air diffuser (7). The apparatus of any one of Claims.   7. The device according to claim 6, wherein the auxiliary peripheral wall (9) is replaceably arranged on the holding device (10).   The auxiliary peripheral wall (9) is in contact with a spacer (14) that supports the air diffuser (7) with respect to the spinning device (1) in the operating position of the free end of the air diffuser. Equipment.   9. The auxiliary peripheral wall (9) can be guided by the holding device (10) together with the air diffuser (7) starting from the operating position and away from the spinning device (1) to the standby position. The apparatus of any one of Claims.   The holding device (10) below the air diffuser (8) supports a smoothing device (12) having a smoothing ring (13) with which the filament bundle (5) contacts. The apparatus of any one of Claims.   11. The device according to claim 10, wherein a collecting yarn guide (17) is placed behind the smoothing ring (13), and the filament bundle (5) is combined into a single synthetic yarn (16) by the collecting yarn guide.   12. The device according to claim 1, wherein the holding device (10) is pivotable relative to the spinning device (1).   13. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein one or more processing devices (18) preceding the winding device (19) are provided. A cooling device for a newly extruded filament group, provided with an air diffuser (7), the air diffuser being arranged substantially at the center with respect to the filament bundle (5) of the annularly guided filament group. And having a porous diffuser peripheral wall (8) for generating a cooling air flow flowing from the inside toward the outside,
An auxiliary peripheral wall (9) surrounding the diffuser peripheral wall (8) of the air diffuser (7) in a jacket shape is provided, and the auxiliary peripheral wall (9) directs the cooling air flow in a predetermined direction without significant flow resistance. Cooling device, characterized in that it consists of a material with a number of openings (24) to be attached.   The auxiliary peripheral wall (9) material has a plurality of openings (24) oriented substantially radially to produce a cooling air flow directed transversely to the filament bundle (5). The apparatus of claim 14.   16. Device according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the material is formed from a multi-layer wire woven fabric (23).

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